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L’Ordre des Dominicains, organisation religieuse vieille de plusieurs centenaires, est centre autour d’une pratique, la predication. Caracterisee par des symboles qui lui sont specifiques, elle s’est adaptee au cours du temps aux differentes evolutions technologiques. Nous allons dans le cadre d’une etude de cas etudier comment l’une d’elles, Internet, est venue tester le fonctionnement de cette organisation. Nous mettrons en evidence le fait que cette technologie se soit integree a la fois dans la pratique propre aux Dominicains et dans un processus organisationnel. Elle a par ailleurs mene l’Ordre a tester certaines de ses limites.

L’intrapreneuriat a t-il un sens dans une organisation communautaire ? L’expérience « Retraite dans la Ville » a permis aux auteurs1 de tester le modèle d’Ireland et al. (2006) dans un environnement de contraste et de mettre en évidence un cinquième levier que nous avons appelé « la présence ». Dans une organisation caractérisée par des comportements largement intériorisés, le rapport à l’autre tendrait à fonder un modèle d’intrapreneuriat fondamentalement différent.

Le présent article s'inscrit dans la suite logique d'un texte précédemment publié. Les auteurs y dépouillent une variété de définitions opérationnelles de la satisfaction au travail à partir desquelles ils opèrent un choix en accord avec leur position théorique. Ils procèdent ensuite à une revue sommaire des instruments de mesure disponibles et des considérations méthodologiques pertinentes afin de suggérer un devis propre à faciliter l'élaboration d'un instrument de mesure adéquat., The present study was undertaken in order to point out some important guide-lines to follow when measuring job satisfaction. To do so, the authors go through the following steps.First, a critical analysis is carried out in order to determine the extent to which the five operational measures of job satisfaction, that have been reviewed, are, in fact, matching the authors' conceptual option of job satisfaction. The job satisfaction definition developed by the team of the Work Adjustment Project at the University of Minnesota is retained. Satisfaction then, is defined in need fulfillment terms as a « ... correspondent between the reinforcer system of the work environment and the individual's needs ». The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, based on this definition, requires the subject to respond in terms of the difference between what he would like to receive and what he does receive.Second, a descriptive review of some of the job satisfaction questionnaires, currently used, is presented in order to know for what purpose these job satisfaction instrument measures were used and to disclose the most important job facets related to satisfaction such questionnaires should include. Nine factors of job satisfaction are retained: 1) general factor; 2) intrinsic factor; 3) extrinsic factor; 4) working conditions ; 5) recognition ; 6) coworkers ; 7) supervision ; 8) autonomy and 9) self-actualization.Third, some of the most important psychometric considerations searchers should take into account, in building that sort of questionnaire, are discussed. The most appropriate type of questions seem to be the Likert one. Reliability should be tested through homogeneity of the items, internal consistency of the items (split-halves or odd-even) and stability of the instrument. Validity, on the other hand, should be tested by more than one means, such as content validity, concurrent validity, and construct validity.

Fluorescent signals from mouse-tissue-like phantoms are computed using both Monte Carlo simulation and diffusion approximation. The relative difference is less than 30% for a fluorophore placed in the middle of a 3mm separated source-detector pair.

Kennedy, Robbins and Delorme examine the importance of fiscal rules in determining budgetary outcomes. After briefly reviewing the rationale for rules, the paper compares the rules introduced in several countries at the national and subnational levels. It notes that while several countries have introduced restrictions on deficit, debt, tax and expenditure levels, some countries have focused their efforts on increasing transparency and accountability in the conduct of fiscal policy. Kennedy, Robbins and Delorme also evaluate the evidence about the impact of rules in terms of budgetary consolidation in the 1990s. The evidence indicates that both countries with rules and countries without rules implemented successful fiscal adjustments. From this, the authors conclude that rules may be helpful in achieving fiscal consolidation and may even be necessary in certain countries, but they are clearly not necessary in all countries. They also find that empirical studies of fiscal rules generally support this conclusion. However, determining the conditions under which fiscal rules are indeed necessary to ensure fiscal discipline remains an area for further research.

This paper sheds light on the complex macroeconomic effects initiated by capital income taxation using a dynamic applied general equilibrium model of the U.S. economy. The model considers impacts of policy changes on the allocation of resources across both industries and countries, and over time. Within the model, a given change in capital income taxation abroad affects the domestic economy through capital flows, commodity flows and tax revenue effects. Thus, the model considers the spillovers associated with changes in commodity flows in addition to the usual spillovers generated by capital movements. The simulation results illustrate rather well that personal and corporate income taxation yield very different conclusions in terms of macroeconomic consequences and that it is important to distinguish between short- and long-run policy implications of the two types of capital income tax policies ...

This paper presents a technical description of the OECD's multi-sector, multi-country applied general equilibrium model -- the WALRAS model. This model has been developed with the explicit objective of quantifying the economy-wide effects of agricultural policies in OECD countries. The common specification of the model for the major OECD agricultural trading countries/regions (Australia, Canada, EEC, Japan, New Zealand and the United States) is presented in detail. The construction of the benchmark data sets and the calibration of the model are also fully described ...

A simplified approach is proposed to simulate the fluorescence signal from a fluorophore submerged inside a turbid medium using the Monte Carlo method. Based on the reversibility of photon propagation, the fluorescence signal can be obtained from a single Monte Carlo simulation of the excitation light. This is computationally less expensive and also allows for the direct use of well-validated nonfluorescence photon migration Monte Carlo codes. Fluorescence signals from a mouse tissuelike phantom were computed using both the simplified Monte Carlo simulation and the diffusion approximation. The relative difference of signal intensity was found to be at most 30% for a fluorophore placed in the medium at various depths and horizontally midway between a source-detector pair separated by 3 mm. The difference in time characteristics of the signal is also examined.

This paper presents a progress report on the Economics and Statistics Department's applied general equilibrium model -- the WALRAS model. This model has been developed with the explicit objective of quantifying the economy-wide effects of agricultural policies in OECD countries. The common specification of the model for the major OECD agricultural trading countries/regions (Australia, Canada, EEC, Japan, New Zealand and the United States) is described in detail. Results are presented for some preliminary simulations of the effects of removing the 1979-81 levels of agricultural assistance in these countries/regions. The initial results relate only to unilateral liberalisation experiments with the unlinked country/region models, with no account being taken of feedback effects through changes in world agricultural prices and trade volumes ...