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El carroñeo de cadáveres humanos es uno de los procesos tafonómicos más comunes y destructivos que afectan los contextos forenses al aire libre, sin embargo, existen escasas publicaciones en Sudamérica. El grado de alteración producido varía en relación con múltiples factores, es por esto que los estudios actualistas aportan información valiosa desde su singularidad. En este trabajo, se presenta el análisis de dos casos forenses de cadáveres humanos afectados por carnívoros hallados en la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina). Para ello, se describe desde un enfoque tafonómico la desarticulación, dispersión, preservación ósea diferencial y marcas. Además, se incorpora el análisis entomológico que permitió discutir el intervalo postmortem y comprender los contextos de hallazgo. Los resultados muestran el impacto negativo del carroñeo para la reconstrucción del perfil osteobiográfico, la evaluación de la causa de muerte y su identificación, sumado a la importancia de la presencia de personal especializado para maximizar la recuperación de evidencia en escenarios complejos.

Aim: To unveil a putative correlation between phage genome flexibility and virion morphogenesis yield. Materials & methods: A deeper analysis of the mechanical properties of three Pseudomonas aeruginosa lytic phage genomes was undertaken, together with full genome cyclizability calculations. Results & conclusion: A putative correlation was established among phage genome flexibility, eclipse timeframe and virion particle morphogenesis yield, with a more flexible phage genome leading to a higher burst size and a more rigid phage genome leading to lower burst sizes. The results obtained are highly relevant to understand the influence of the phage genome plasticity on the virion morphogenesis yield inside the infected bacterial host cells and assumes particular relevance in the actual context of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the frequency of GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression in early breast cancer and its relationship with histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GATA3 was analysed by immunohistochemistry in histological sections of tumors from 105 female patients, with histological diagnosis of invasive breast carcinoma (BC), at clinical stages I, II and IIIA, who underwent primary surgical treatment. GATA3 nuclear expression was determined as the percentage of positive tumor cells and further categorized as high (positive expression in more than 95% of cells) or non-high (negative or low positive expression in up to 95% of tumor cells). GATA3 expression was analysed according to the patient age, tumor and node pathological stage, histological type, histological and nuclear grade, lymphovascular invasion, and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) status, and Ki-67 expression. RESULTS: GATA3 expression was positive in 103 cases (98.1%). High expression was significantly associated with low histological and nuclear grade, positive hormonal receptors, and less proliferative activity based on Ki-67 expression. A prominent feature was that 94.7% of the ER-positive/HER2-negative cases presented high-GATA3 expression, as 94.0% of the tumors showing high-GATA3 were ER-positive. In ER-negative/HER2-positive or ER-negative/HER2- negative, high-GATA3 was present in 25% while 75% were non-high-GATA3 compared with ER-positive/HER2- negative (4.1%) and ER-positive/HER2-positive (20%). Proliferative activity in triple-negative breast cancer tended to be higher among tumors with low-GATA3, irrespective of AR expression. In the group of ER-positive/HER2-negative tumors only three cases were low-GATA3 (85% and 80%), both with high proliferative activity. CONCLUSION: High GATA3 expression is associated with favorable histopathologic and immunohistochemical BC prognostic factors.

A 2-year-old Holstein heifer presented to a university teaching hospital with an apical tooth infection of the right mandibular third molar. A standing oral extraction technique was attempted for tooth removal; however, the molar could not be delivered intact. A tooth sectioning technique was performed, and the affected molar was successfully delivered. Three months postextraction, the heifer had fully recovered, and the extraction site had healed. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of a tooth extraction in a cow using a tooth sectioning technique. This case describes an alternative technique for tooth removal in cattle with an apical tooth infection. The clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of this case may be helpful to clinicians when they approach similar cases in the future.

Seizures have been reported as an adverse effect of blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager monoclonal antibody, which is mainly used for the treatment of pediatric relapsed/refractory leukemia. Here, we present the first reported case of super-refractory status epilepticus in an 11-year-old boy with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) while receiving blinatumomab. Our patient had a complete return to baseline despite enduring encephalopathy, refractory subclinical seizures requiring prolonged therapeutic burst suppression and MRI signal changes. This case demonstrates that super-refractory status epilepticus is a possible neurotoxic adverse effect of blinatumomab treatment, which responds well to conventional protocols for acute refractory seizures.Seizures are a known side effect of blinatumomab, a relatively new immunotherapy drug, which is mainly used for the treatment of relapsed leukemia in children. Here, we present the first reported case of seizure continuing for more than 24 h despite appropriate antiseizure treatment while also receiving blinatumomab. Despite an extended period of altered mental status, new abnormalities on imaging of the brain and a medication-induced coma to treat unrelenting seizures, our patient returned completely to his healthy brain function. This case demonstrates that seizures, which are especially difficult to treat, can be associated with blinatumomab immunotherapy for pediatric refractory B-ALL; however, standard-tiered seizure treatments can be effective.

Primitive ankaramite rocks differ from picrite by their richness in clinopyroxene (cpx>ol), their high CaO/Al2O3 values (>1, wt%) and their high normative di/ol values (>0.7, mol%). Ankaramite rocks are generally interpreted as a variety of basalt enriched in clinopyroxene crystals yet some studies suggest that ankararnite rocks crystallized from primitive ankaramitic melts. The origin of ankaramitic melts is of interest because their compositions differ from the picritic compositions of experimentally produced partial melts in equilibrium with mantle peridotite, yet many of their of their characteristics are similar to those of primitive mantle melts, i.e. high Mg# values, high Ni and Cr, and magnesian olivine phenocrysts. The four primitive ankaramite suites studied in this thesis are from the Ulakan Formation in Bali, and the Rinjani volcano in Lombok (Sunda arc), and from Merelava and Epi (Vanuatu arc). Primary melt inclusions in magnesian olivine phenocrysts (Fo>90) from each suite are studied to investigate the early stages of ankaramite magma evolution. The composition of these melt inclusions after homogenization are quite unlike picrite and have CaO/Al203 values which range up to ‚ÄövÑvÆ1.7, and are therefore ankaramitic. Additionally, the CaO/Al203 values of melt inclusions within the same grain are similar, but vary between phenocrysts. Critical assessment of the data suggests that the composition of melt inclusions trapped in olivine can be modified by Fe-Mg re-equilibration with the host, before the magma is erupted. This process might lower the original FeO* content of the trapped melt by several wt% (\Fe-loss\"). The extent of \"Fe-loss\" depends on (1) the time spent by the host olivine phenocryst in the magma before eruption (residence time) and (2) the rate at which the re-equilibration occurred. Most of the compositions of homogenized melt inclusions in this study are affected by \"Fe-loss\" and are therefore not directly representative of the original trapped melt. A recalculation procedure is developed to reconstruct the original composition of the melt at the moment of trapping. Both before and after recalculation the compositions of melt inclusions display di/ol values >1 thus retaining their ankaramitic affinities. The CaO/Al203 values of melt inclusions are unaffected by this procedure. The recalculated melt inclusion compositions are also more silica-undersaturated (ne- lc- and cs-normative) than the host ankaramite rocks which range from ne- to hy-normative. If the melt inclusions are aliquots of the parent melts these results suggest that the ankaramite magma formed by the aggregation of strongly-silica-undersaturated primitive ankaramite melts with high CaO/Al203 and high di/o/ values. A link may therefore exist between these trapped melts the hypothetical primary melts and the formation of ankaramitic magmas. This link is explored experimentally at high pressures using the composition of a representative melt inclusion in Fosq from the Lombok ankaramite suite as a starting mix composition. Liquidus and near-liquidus phase relations of this melt under dry hydrous CO2-H20- and CO2-bearing conditions and between 1 to 3 GPa pressures lack orthopyroxene near the liquidus. Therefore a direct origin is excluded for this composition by partial melting of mantle peridotite (i.e. not a primary melt). Instead the trapped melt inclusions may have been derived from even more mafic primary melts that were generated at higher temperatures and pressures than those prevailing when the ankaramitic magma aggregated. Two mechanisms are considered for the formation of these primary melts that have high CaO/Al203 values (>1): (a) partial melting of lherzolite at high pressures (>5 GPa) and (b) partial melting of lherzolite at lower pressures (1) and normative di/ol values >0.7 exist and can be parental to ankaramite rocks; 2) describe the Fe-Mg reequilibration (\"Fe-loss\") process that affects melt inclusions in olivine phenocrysts before magma eruption; and 3) re-interpret the formation of aluminous spinel crystals in melt inclusions that have previously been interpreted as evidence for contaminant aluminous melts in basaltic magma chambers."

El autor aborda la recepción normativa del derecho de las personas con discapacidad en la Constitución de la Provincia de Córdoba de 1987, la Constitución Nacional de 1994, la Convención Interamericana para la eliminación de Todas las Formas de Discriminación de las Personas (individuos) con Discapacidad y de la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad con su Protocolo Facultativo. Sin embargo, su análisis destaca los aspectos en virtud de los cuales las y los constituyentes provinciales de 1987 introdujeron una novedad sustancial en lo que se refiere al ejercicio efectivo de derechos de personas con discapacidad.

Background A large number of patients have epilepsy that is intractable and adversely affects a child's lifelong experience with addition societal burden that is disabling and expensive. The last two decades have seen a major explosion of new antiseizure medication options. Despite these advances, children with epilepsy continue to have intractable seizures. An option that has been long available but little used is epilepsy surgery to control intractable epilepsy. Methods This article is a review of the literature as well as published opinions. Results Epilepsy surgery in pediatrics is an underused modality to effectively treat children with epilepsy. Adverse effects of medication should be weighed against risks of surgery as well as risks of nonefficacy. Conclusions We discuss an approach to selecting the appropriate pediatric patient for consideration, a detailed evaluation including necessary evaluation, and the creation of an algorithm to approach patients with both generalized and focal epilepsy. We then discuss surgical options available including outcome data. New modalities are also addressed including high-frequency ultrasound and co-registration techniques including magnetic resonance imaging-guided laser therapy.

Staphylococcus aureus mastitis constitutes a serious threat to dairy cows. The reasons why available vaccines are not fully effective remain poorly understood; thus, in the present study, we investigated CD4

Este artigo descreve testes de criação de fluxos nos equipamentos programáveis disponibilizados no Laboratório SDN Multicamadas da RNP (Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa), os quais utilizaram o controlador SDN open source da ONF, o ONOS, para receber chamadas via protocolo aberto REST de aplicações northbound e, através destas chamadas, realizar a programação de equipamentos white boxes, transponders e switches. Este artigo também ressalta a relevância do laboratório SDN Multicamadas como testbed nacional para experimentação de tecnologias de redes definidas por software (Software Defined Network – SDN), desagregação, controle e orquestração de redes, programabilidade e interfaces abertas padronizadas.

Este artículo pretende abordar algunos aspectos de la percepción en la arquitectura a partir de la architectural promenade que Le Corbusier y su primo Pierre Jeanneret realizaran en el primer proyecto la villa Meyer (París, 1925). Desde aquí, se intenta explorar como dispositivo visual sobre el recorrido espacial de la obra y desde la función narrativa que encierra el discurso contenido en la Carta Meyer que la dupla lecorbusiana expresó de manera gráfica y textual con la finalidad de convencer a su cliente, la Sra. Meyer y su madre, Madame Hirtz. En este sentido, la Carta Meyer expone mediante la articulación de diversas intenciones, la identidad del espacio que repercute en la construcción imaginaria de la experiencia del estar ahí, a través de la estructuración de secuencias espaciales que interactúan en relación con nuestro conocimiento previo respecto a la concepción fenomenológica del lugar, condensadora del “espíritu del tiempo” y de las variaciones del pensamiento reflejadas en la obra arquitectónica.

International audience; The advent of next-generation genome sequencing technologies has allowed approaching the sequencing and analysis of large and complex conifer genomes. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) is an economically and ecologically important conifer species widely distributed in South-West Europe, which shows a significant genetic and adaptive variability. This chapter takes on the task of reviewing the insights into the maritime pine genome sequencing breakthrough and its impact on downstream analysis. Maritime pine genome sequencing and assembly approaches are described along with the impact of related tools. A section of the state-of-the-art research on comparative, functional, structural, and translational genomics aimed at dissecting the genetic basis and the specific regulation of biological processes underlying the expression of traits of interest in maritime pine and other conifers is also described. Perspectives about the impact of these tools as well as additional research approaches are discussed.

The unstable proteins in white wine cause haze in bottles of white wine, degrading its quality. Thaumatins and chitinases are grape pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins that remain stable during vinification but can precipitate at high temperatures after bottling. The white wine protein stabilization process can prevent haze by removing these unstable proteins. Traditionally, bentonite is used to remove these proteins; however, it is labor-intensive, generates wine losses, affects wine quality, and harms the environment. More efficient protein stabilization technologies should be based on a better understanding of the main factors and mechanisms underlying protein precipitation. This review focuses on recent developments regarding the instability and removal of white wine proteins, which could be helpful to design more economical and environmentally friendly protein stabilization methods that better preserve the products´ quality.

[EN] Models of gene expression considering host-circuit interactions are relevant for understanding both the strategies and associated trade-offs that cell endogenous genes have evolved and for the efficient design of heterologous protein expression systems and synthetic genetic circuits. Here, we consider a small-size model of gene expression dynamics in bacterial cells accounting for host-circuit interactions due to limited cellular resources. We define the cellular resources recruitment strength as a key functional coefficient that explains the distribution of resources among the host and the genes of interest and the relationship between the usage of resources and cell growth. This functional coefficient explicitly takes into account lab-accessible gene expression characteristics, such as promoter and ribosome binding site (RBS) strengths, capturing their interplay with the growth-dependent flux of available free cell resources. Despite its simplicity, the model captures the differential role of promoter and RBS strengths in the distribution of protein mass fractions as a function of growth rate and the optimal protein synthesis rate with remarkable fit to the experimental data from the literature for Escherichia coli. This allows us to explain why endogenous genes have evolved different strategies in the expression space and also makes the model suitable for model-based design of exogenous synthetic gene expression systems with desired characteristics., This work was partially supported by grants MINECO/AEI, EU DPI2017-82896-C2-1-R, and MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 grant number PID2020-117271RB-C21. F.N.S.-N. is grateful to grant PAID-01-2017 (Universitat Politecnica de Valencia). The authors are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their comprehensive and in-depth reviews.

A Internet das Coisas (IoT) tem levado o mundo a um cenário inovador de interação entre humanos, máquinas e sistemas de software. Esses tipos de sistemas possuem como característica principal a tradução do mundo físico para dentro do virtual, utilizando tags de identificação, sensoriamento e atuação. Nesse contexto, tais sistemas trazem consigo desafios e preocupações no que diz respeito a sua construção. A engenharia de software (ES), por outro lado, é uma disciplina que trata de abordagens (métodos e técnicas) e tecnologias (framework e ferramentas) para construção de qualquer tipo de sistema. No entanto, as abordagens e tecnologias disponíveis na literatura técnica para construção de sistemas IoT ainda estão pouco difundidas na academia e indústria. Assim, considerando sistemas IoT e suas especificidades, é necessário entender sua necessidade e, possivelmente, propor ou evoluir abordagens e tecnologias da ES para lidar com sua construção. Tendo em vista esse cenário motivador, o uso de jogos (ou gamificação) pode ser uma alternativa de método para a construção de tais sistemas de maneira lúdica e eficaz. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um catálogo para apoiar a criação de jogos sérios específicos para sistemas baseados em IoT. Este catálogo está estruturado de forma que as características são agrupadas por domínios da IoT, com base em uma Revisão Estruturada da Literatura. Por fim, o catálogo construído visa apoiar os desenvolvedores na criação de jogos sérios de sistemas IoT levando em consideração suas características e propriedades.

The research reported in this Research Communication evaluates the effect of milk acidification on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Licor de Oro (or Gold Liqueur; LO), a traditional alcoholic beverage produced in Chiloé island, Chile, which is made by mixing milk acidified with lemon juice and alcohol at a ratio of 1.0:1.0, along with sugar and other spices. The mixture is stored for a couple of weeks and then filtered to obtain a product with a yellowish-transparent appearance, sweetness and acidic taste, milky and alcoholic notes. The lack of information regarding LO processing, mainly in the amount of acid added to the mixture, leads to products of highly variable quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk acidification on the physicochemical and sensory properties of LO. Raw milk was acidified using citric acid to six different pH values: 6.7 (control), 6.0, 5.3, 4.6, 3.9 and 3.2. These milk treatments were then used to make LO. A decrease of milk pH led to LO with higher levels of sensorial and titratable acidity. LO obtained at pH 6.7 and 6.0 had higher levels of total protein than other treatments, leading to excessive turbidity. In contrast, treatments made at pH ≤5.3 had a typical transparent appearance of LO. These results suggest that a minimum level of milk acidification is required to obtain LO with desired appearance and composition.

O Gêmeo Digital (Digital Twin) é um conceito promissor e vem sendo adotado por diversos setores, integrando uma série de tecnologias. Entretanto, a abordagem em redes de computadores é ainda tímida. Desse modo, este trabalho propõe um sistema de gêmeo digital estruturado em quatro camadas, utilizando o testbed SDN Multicamada como entidade física, o emulador CNetLab como gêmeo digital e um ambiente de tratamento de dados como camada intermediária estabelecendo uma conexão bidirecional entre os ambientes.

Este artigo descreve uma arquitetura para controle de redes ópticas que possibilita o aprovisionamento de circuitos ópticos fim a fim. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma aplicação northbound pelo CPQD que utiliza Transport API (TAPI) e RESTCONF para interagir com o controlador ONOS e solicitar serviços, incluindo o aprovisionamento e desaprovisionamento de circuitos ópticos. Os testes foram realizados utilizando um emulador de transponders ópticos, desenvolvido pelo projeto ODTN do ONF, com uma extensão, desenvolvida pela RNP, para a inclusão do plano de dados. O desenvolvimento desta aplicação engloba os conceitos de SDN e desagregação e permite, através de um ambiente emulado, uma análise prévia de possíveis trabalhos futuros a serem realizados em testbeds com equipamentos físicos.

Neurologic manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatric patients have been reported in the acute and postinfectious stages of coronavirus disease 2019. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) typically presents in children after a viral illness at a mean age of 3 to 7 years. A total of 60% to 90% of literature-reported pediatric patients with ADEM have minimal to no neurologic deficits at long-term follow-up. We present a 17-month-old developmentally typical girl with parental complaints of irritability, upper extremity weakness, and gait disturbance. She presented to the hospital afebrile and irritable with right-sided nasolabial fold flattening, neck stiffness, left upper extremity rigidity, right upper extremity paresis, bilateral lower extremity hyperreflexia, and truncal ataxia. During her hospital course, she became somnolent with autonomic instability and was transferred to intensive care. Contrasted brain MRI revealed diffuse patchy T2 hyperintensities without contrast enhancement. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction and serum antibody testing results were positive. Cerebral spinal fluid analysis was unremarkable. Respiratory viral panel and autoimmune encephalitis and demyelinating disorders panel results were negative. She was started on high-dose methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, with improvement in mental status, focal deficits, and ambulation. After hospital discharge, she received inpatient rehabilitation for 2 weeks and at 2 month follow-up had a full neurologic recovery. We report the youngest case of postinfectious ADEM due to SARS-CoV-2 in a toddler. Early recognition of autoimmune and inflammatory complications of SARS-CoV-2 is vital for early aggressive immunomodulatory treatment and, consequently, improved morbidity in these patients.

En este libro, Justin Castro dedica una interesante crítica a la relación entre la construcción y puesta en marcha de propuestas técnicas y proyectos de obra de interés público, y las necesidades e ideas surgidas posteriormente a la Revolución mexicana, destacando el papel clave, pero en ocasiones poco estudiado, de la labor de la ingeniería y de los profesionales de esta disciplina.

Additional file 1. Identification and traits of bovine S. chromogenes (S. c.), S. epidermidis (S. e.), S. simulans (S. s.), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. a.).

The left and right hemispheres of the human brain are separated by a fissure called interhemispheric (IHF), which is commonly shaped by a geometric plane known as the midsagittal plane (MSP). However, despite the name, the MSP does not always resemble a plan since the brain is not perfectly symmetric. The detection of the MSP in human brain images is an essential task to segment the brain hemispheres. Studies suggest that abnormal values of brain asymmetry may be related to traumas and neurological diseases. Through the years, several computer methods were proposed to detect the MSP automatically. Nonetheless, they constrain the detection to a plane without considering brain asymmetries. In this study, an automatic computer technique is developed to detect a midsagittal surface (MSS) in Magnetic Resonance (MR) images using an MSP as a reference, following by multiscale analysis. Different from the MSP, the MSS follows the natural form of the IHF. The proposed method uses a reference MSP to guide a region of interest that potentially contains the IHF. The 3D MR image is decomposed in 2D slices that are processed, filtered, and piled to form an MSS. The proposed method results have shown an accurate detection in all metrics assessed, i.e., DSC of 0.99 and x-distance of 2.13, and a significant improvement of 2.953 for the x-distance compared with the MSP method.

Additional file 3: Supplemental Table 2. Monoclonal antibodies used for immunophenotyping bovine milk lymphocytes by flow cytometry.

The placement of a suburethral sling is standard treatment for stress urinary incontinence. The transobturator technique (TOT) emerged as an alternative to minimize the risks of the blind insertion of needles, leading to a lower rate of perforation complications compared with the retropubic approach. We present a case of injury to a branch of the left obturator artery following the placement of a urethral sling using TOT, followed by intense bleeding and hemodynamic instability, which was treated with embolization.Sling de uretra média é o tratamento padrão para a incontinência urinária de esforço. A abordagem transobturatória (TOT) surgiu como alternativa para minimizar os riscos da inserção às cegas das agulhas com taxa de complicações perfurativas menores quando comparadas à abordagem retropúbica. Apresentamos um caso de lesão em ramo da artéria obturatória esquerda após sling TOT que evoluiu com sangramento intenso e instabilidade hemodinâmica, sendo tratado com embolização.

Design of synthetic genetic circuits without considering the impact of host–circuit interactions results in an inefficient design process and lengthy trial-and-error iterations to appropriately tune the expression levels. Microorganisms have evolved to reach an optimal use of cellular resources. This balance is perturbed by circuit-host interactions resulting from the interaction among the cell environment from which the cell takes substrates, its metabolism, and the needs of exogenous synthetic genetic circuit introduced in the cell host. The resulting competition for common shared cell resources introduces spurious dynamics leading to problems of malfunctioning of the synthetic circuit due to lack of enough cellular resources. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in development of methods for model-based design of synthetic gene circuits considering host-circuit interactions. Here we present a small-size model of gene expression dynamics in bacterial cells accounting for host-circuit interactions. For each gene, the model defines the cellular resources recruitment strength as the key functional coefficient that allows to explain the distribution of resources among the host and the genes of interest and the relationship between the usage of resources and cell growth. This functional coefficient explicitly takes into account the availability of resources and lab-accessible gene characteristics, such as promoter and ribosome binding site (RBS) strengths and capture their interplay with the availability of free cell resources. In spite of its simplicity, the model is able to explain the differential role of promoter and RBS strengths in the distribution of protein mass and the optimal protein expression productivity with remarkable fit to the experimental data from the literature for E. coli. This makes the model amenable for model-based circuit design purposes. Moreover, the model also allows to understand why endogenous ribosomal and non-ribosomal genes have evolved different strategies in the expression space.

Arquitectura y participación llama la atención hacia el habitante de la ciudad, ese actor anónimo que vive cotidianamente las consecuencias de las grandes decisiones que atañen a su ciudad y a sus edificios, y a las que ha sido ajeno. En el siglo XXI, y gracias a pioneros tenaces como Alexander, Turner y Jacobs, entre otros, se ha llegado a aceptar, en menor o mayor medida, que es importante escuchar al habitante; toca ahora explorar el tejido fino, definir la ética, los procesos y las herramientas que son necesarias para contrarrestar las acciones paternalistas o la manipulación que se han ejercido bajo el disfraz de participación, llegando incluso a oprimir la misma voz que se pretende reivindicar. Arquitectura y Participación reúne a 18 docentes, investigadores y estudiantes de seis universidades de Latinoamérica, Europa y Japón, en torno al tema de la participación de los habitantes en la conformación de sus edificios, sus barrios y sus ciudades. Desde diferentes enfoques, visiones, culturas y posturas políticas, el libro transita de la definición de conceptos, a la exposición de experiencias y estrategias, buscando aproximarse a la ciudad humana y fraterna que todos hemos imaginado.

Most Frequency Modulation broadcast stations are stacking antennas in order to extend the radiation of energy and propagation of signal. This paper presents a design of an optimized shunt-fed FM broadcast antenna also with a circular polarity for weather infiltration and no constraint of the orientation of transmitter and receiver. The method primarily includes the optimization of the relative spacing of dipoles to exhibit a circular azimuth pattern, axial ratio requirement for circularly polarized antenna and the gain in far field. The circular pattern shaping method uses a uniform linear array of two elements and the principle of array multiplication. Two control factors are being utilized to shape the radiation pattern as follows: the relative distance spacing, separating the two elements and their excitation phase difference. In the optimization process, a more accurate and consistent solutions like Global Response Surface Method was used. GRSM yields the most optimal objective value and it follows to determine the optimum values of the parameters in the current design. Results show that the pattern produced by the proposed method can resemble a circular form and exhibited an increased in antenna gain as compared to the commonly used shunt-fed slanted V dipole antenna. The results of the optimized design of a FM antenna and its characteristics are validated using an antenna simulation software.

The tribomechanical behavior of AISI 8620 steel treated by different plasma-aided processes was investigated. In this study, we compared conventional plasma nitriding (CPN), pulsed plasma nitriding (PPN), plasma nitrocarburized (PNC), plasma oxynitriding (PON), and low-temperature plasma blued (LTPB). The microstructure of treated samples was characterized using X-ray diffraction, and the compound layer thickness was measured by optical microscopy. Vickers microhardness profiles were correlated with a reduction of friction coefficient in the treated samples. Wear test was performed on a pin-on-disc tribometer in dry-sliding conditions using a counter-face of WC-Co ball. Wear tracks on the ball and surface of the treated sample was analyzed with optical micrographs. LTPB process shows the best reduction of the friction coefficient of the amorphous carbon layer on the top of the surface.

Treatment-resistant epilepsy (TRE) is associated with severe morbidity and mortality and affects over 30% of epilepsy patients. Despite advances in epilepsy management over the last 30 years, this rate has largely remained unchanged. Through a largely patient driven movement and despite federal regulations, cannabidiol (CBD) emerged as a candidate drug for improving the management of treatment-resistant epilepsies. This review highlights the available research on CBD and its therapeutic role in the treatment of TREs. Randomized controlled trials have established CBD as an add-on treatment option for the management of seizures in Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), and there is a growing body of additional literature supporting CBD’s use as an add-on therapy in other TREs. Several studies have shown CBD to be a safe anti-seizure medication with dose-dependent mild-moderate adverse events which resolve with treatment de-escalation. CBD does affect toxicity with other anti-seizure medications including clobazam and valproate. CBD is a safe and efficacious adjunctive therapy in the management of treatment-resistant epilepsies.

In this work, we compare the effect of the addition during fermentation of both sodium bentonite and sodium-activated bentonite on the protein content, protein stability, lees volume, and aroma compounds of a Sauvignon blanc wine. Protein unstable Sauvignon blanc juices were vinified with or without bentonite added at three different stages: before fermentation, early during fermentation, and towards the end of fermentation. Different addition doses of bentonite were used (X, X − 0.1, X − 0.2 g/L) according to protein instability of the grape juice (X = 1.7 and 2.7 g/L to sodium bentonite and sodium-activated bentonite, respectively). The wines stabilized with sodium-activated bentonite presented a higher content of volatile compounds and a lower volume of lees were produced than those treated with sodium bentonite, an effect that was greater when the fining treatment was done before the start of the fermentation.

In electrical power systems, coordination and selectivity of protection devices are extremely important so that when a disturbance or defect occurs in the system must have a actuation of the protection, isolating the defect from the rest of the system. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the coordination of overcurrent relays using graphical method in an interactive platform, this simulation environment allows the visualization of the various actuation curves used by several relay manufacturers. The graphical method was implemented in Matlab Graphical User Interface (GUI) a graphical programming interface containing curves of several standardizations, being able to adjust the slopes of inverse-time curves and adjustment parameters of the instantaneous and timed overcurrent functions, generating a coordination diagram. Results are presented through test cases show that the proposed methodology is effective in coordination relays problems.

Objectives To critically review the oral health care systems of four countries with a universal public health care system in terms of structure, scope and delivery and their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods A comparative review on the oral health care systems from Brazil, New Zealand, Canada and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature and interactive conversations with key informants in all four countries. Results Although all four countries provide universal health care, the administration, funding and delivery of oral health care varied. About 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada are publicly-funded. Brazil provides free oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers free oral health care to children only up to their 18th birthday. With service utilization varying from 44% to more than 80%, sixty-one percent of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12 while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but a wide spectrum of salary-based and private-practice delivery models exists. Services utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

The current pilot study tested a twofold hypothesis: some nutrition-related chemical measures change by 6 weeks after Roux en Y Gastric Bypass (RNYGB); one of two nutrition support plans will prevent chemical signs of nutrition problems at 6 weeks better than the other. After RNYGB, nutrition support should begin right away. However, studies on nutritional status mostly examine subjects much later. In addition, little attention has been paid to optimizing nutrition support plans. Premenopausal females scheduled for RNYGB were given either a commercially available meal replacement product (2 servings/day) + other supplements or just a new meal replacement (2 servings/day). The latter included some nutrient versions that might enhance absorption. Blood and urine samples were taken before and 6 weeks after surgery. In both groups, plasma vitamin D and B12 did not change, plasma osteopontin and vascular endothelial growth factor rose, while plasma retinol binding protein and a bone resorption marker declined. Copper status changes differed between groups based on plasma ceruloplasmin. Iron status improved in both groups (ferritin to c-reactive protein ratios). With the new formulation, magnesium status may have improved, urinary potassium rose, and blood sugar fell. In the other group, a liver damage marker increased, while homocysteine decreased. Nutrition-related parameters showed varying trends 6 weeks after RNYGB. Some of the trends were affected by the type of nutritional support provided.