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Coffee is traded on a stock exchange on which the goods are priced and influence their value both in the physical market and in the futures market, which causes doubts in coffee growers about the most opportune moment for trading. Then, the goal of this work was to consider the most favorable and unfavorable months over the years for the arabica and robusta coffee trading in the physical market and arabica coffee in the future market. The work was carried out using historical data on the price of coffee in Brazil, stratifying it into periods and listing for each year of evaluation the percentage of months with the first and second highest and lowest prices. Arabica and Robusta coffee were assessed respectively from 2018 to 1981 and from 2018 to 1995. Arabica coffee in the futures market was analyzed from 2018 to 1980. The evaluation was performed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis among the modalities of coffee trading in Brazil. Great instability was observed between the months of high and low prices for coffee trading. This shows the uncertainties existing in the market; however, it is possible to observe a trend of the most favorable and unfavorable months for commercialization. It is determined that for arabica coffee, December and January are the most favorable and unfavorable months for trading, respectively. For robusta coffee, the most favorable and unfavorable sales months were June and January. Arabica coffee in the futures market January was the best month for trading and February in the opposite condition, in alternate years, the least favorable month.

Orientador: Sírio Possenti Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem Resumo: O objetivo central deste trabalho é a análise de um corpus constituído por um conjunto de "piadas de Joãozinho". Neste material, queremos avaliar, tendo como base teórica a Análise do Discurso francesa, quais são suas condições de produção, procurando compreender as razões histórico-sociais e a representação masculina estereotipada nesse material. A finalidade dessa análise é verificar a ideologia machista presente nas piadas de Joãozinho: a construção da masculinidade a partir da transgressão de regras sociais. O que nos parece relevante neste tema são as seguintes questões: "Por que se faz humor sobre a relação entre professor e aluno?"; "Por que nessas piadas os meninos são postos como maus alunos?"; "Por que nesse discurso o professor é ridicularizado?"; "Em que medida o que se fala nas piadas representa 'verdades'?"; "Quais são os gatilhos linguísticos que tornam essas questões motivo de riso?". Na tentativa de elucidar as questões acima apresentadas, nosso arcabouço teórico é constituído principalmente pela literatura sobre o humor (Freud, 1905; Bergson, 1900; Propp, 1976; Raskin, 1985; Bakhtin, 1987; e Possenti, 1998), sobre a escola (Carvalho 2001, 2003; Menandro e Souza, 2010) e, especialmente, a literatura sobre os homens (Nolasco, 1993, 1995; Bourdieu, 2009). E as bases da análise são sustentadas pela Análise do Discurso francesa, especialmente no que se refere aos conceitos relativos às condições de produção, estereotipia, ethos, simulacro, memória discursiva. O ponto de partida para a análise é compreender o funcionamento do discurso humorístico, e a partir disso desconstruir o imaginário social predominante de que as piadas de Joãozinho são produzidas ingenuamente por crianças com o propósito de provocar espanto nos adultos. Posteriormente, buscaremos mostrar que as piadas de Joãozinho são feitas sob o simulacro de vozes infantis e são resultado de condições históricas de disputa na relação dos alunos com a escola e fruto da tentativa de os meninos (re)afirmarem sua masculinidade. Objetivamos, portanto, evidenciar que a partir dessa tensão entre aluno e escola e a (má) conduta dos meninos são criados estereótipos que são posteriormente postos em circulação pelo discurso humorístico por meio de uma técnica linguística Abstract: The aim of this paper is the analysis of a corpus consisting of a set of "little Johnny jokes". In this material, we want to evaluate, based on theoretical Discourse Analysis French, what are their conditions of production, seeking to understand the historical and social reasons and stereotypical male representation in this material. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the ideology present in sexist in little Johnny jokes: the construction of masculinity from the transgression of social rules. What seem relevant in this theme are the following questions: "Why does humor about the relationship between teacher and student?"; "Why do these boys are made jokes and bad students?"; "Why this discourse the teacher is ridiculed?"; "To what extent the talk of the jokes is 'truth'?"; "What are the linguistic triggers that make these issues a laughingstock?". In an attempt to elucidate the issues outlined above, our theoretical framework is mainly the literature on mood (Freud, 1905; Bergson, 1900; Propp, 1976; Raskin, 1985; Bakhtin, 1987, and Possenti, 1998), about the school (Carvalho 2001, 2003 and Menandro e Souza, 2010) and especially the literature on men (Nolasco, 1993, 1995; Bourdieu, 2009). And the foundations of analysis are supported by the French Discourse Analysis, especially with regard to concepts related to the production conditions, stereotypy, ethos, simulacrum, discursive memory. The starting point for analysis is to understand the functioning of the humorous speech, and from that to deconstruct the dominant social imaginary that little Johnny jokes are naively produced by children for the purpose of causing terror in adults. Subsequently, we try to show that little Johnny jokes are made under the pretense of voices and children are the result of historical conditions of competition in respect of pupils with the school and the fruit of the boys attempt to (re) assert their masculinity. Our objective, therefore, evident that from this tension between student and school and (bad) conduct of the boys is created stereotypes that are subsequently put into circulation by the humorous speech by means of a technical language Mestrado Lingüística Mestre em Linguística