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The aim of this research is to explore contemporary contemporary modernist commentators in Indonesia. The method used in this research is qualitative through literature study using a historical approach. The results and discussion of this study include interpretation methodology, contemporary modern interpretation figures including; A. Hasan with his commentary work Al Furqan, Hasbi Ash Shiddieqy with his work Tafsir An-Nur, and Hamka with his work Tafsir Al-Azhar. This study concludes that there are A. Hasan, Hasbi Ash Shiddieqy and Hamka including contemporary modern commentators in Indonesia, whose style of interpretation is quite different from the interpretation in classical times. The presence of contemporary modern commentators in Indonesia adds to the scientific treasures of the Qur'an and Tafsir, especially in knowledge about contemporary modern interpreters. The weakness of this research is that it only describes three Indonesian mufassir figures in the contemporary modern age. This research recommends that we can study more deeply about the figures of interpretation in Indonesia in the modern and contemporary centuries.

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan potensi internal dan eksternal pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif ternak sapi di Kebun Sawit Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey, selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menunjukkan bahwa pada potensi internal dari masing-masing pemeliharaan hanya faktor ketersediaan kandang, sistem perkawinan dan jenis pakan yang berbeda dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P ttabel). Sementara itu, pada potensi eksternal faktor yang berbeda antara pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dengan semi intensif adalah faktor pembelian ternak, ketersediaan lahan hijauan dan kehilangan ternak dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P ttabel). Kesimpulan potensi internal dan eksternal pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif ternak sapi di Kebun Sawit Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda.Kata kunci : potensi internal dan eksternal, pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif

Abstract This study aims to examine the Discrete Fourier Transform using arbitrary signals. Signal processing is a mathematical operation performed on a signal to obtain the required information. In this case, a transformation occurs. The Fourier transform is a popular method often used to change the time form to the frequency form intended to facilitate analysis. The Fourier transform is divided into two parts: the Continuous Fourier and the Discrete Fourier. The program developed by the researcher, DFT, analyzes arbitrary signals created in two programs. The first program is a function of the DFT and the second is the main program used to generate DFT graphs. In this project, researchers will analyze arbitrary signals decomposed into sine waves. This program uses two main libraries, namely matplotlib, and NumPy. In this case, we have used the DFT method and plotted the results of the calculations performed. Now the researcher will analyze the process that the researcher did while using the DFT method and plot the results. Using DFT, arbitrary signals can be arranged into a series of sinusoids, each with a different frequency. The DFT method can arrange signals into a series of sinusoids with different frequencies. In the DFT amplitude spectrum, the signal frequency is shown as a vertical bar, with the height being the signal amplitude in the time domain. DFT can convert a sequence of equally spaced signals into information about the frequencies of all sine waves needed to sum the time domain signals. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Discrete Fourier Transform dengan menggunakan sinyal arbitrer. Pengolahan sinyal adalah suatu operasi matematik yang dilakukan terhadap suatu sinyal sehingga diperoleh suatu informasi yang dibutuhkan. Dalam hal ini terjadi suatu transformasi. Transformasi Fourier merupakan salah satu metode popular yang sering digunakan untuk mengubah bentuk waktu bentuk frekuensi yang ditujukan untuk mempermudah analisis. Transformasi Fourier dibagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu Fourier Kontinu dan Fourier Diskret. Program yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti yaitu, DFT untuk menganalisis sinyal arbitrer yang dibuat dalam dua program. Program pertama adalah fungsi dari DFT dan program kedua adalah program utama yang digunakan untuk memunculkan grafik DFT. Dalam project ini peneliti akan menganalisis sinyal arbitrer yang sudah diuraikan menjadi gelombang sinus. Program ini menggunakan dua library utama, yaitu matplotlib dan numpy. Pada case kali ini, telah menggunakan metode DFT dan membuat hasil plot dari perhitungan yang dilakukan. Sekarang peneliti akan menganalisis proses yang peneliti lakukan selama menggunakan metode DFT dan membuat hasil plot. Sebelum membahas hasil perhitungan, mari kembali membahas metode DFT itu sendiri. Dengan menggunakan DFT, dapat disusun sinyal arbitrer menjadi serangkaian sinusoid dan masing-masing akan memiliki frekuensi yang berbeda.Metode DFT dapat menyusun sinyal menjadi serangkaian sinusoid yang memiliki frekuensi yang berbeda-beda. Dalam spektrum amplitude DFT, frekuensi sinyal ditampilkan sebagai batang vertikal dengan ketinggiannya adalah amplitude sinyal dalam domain waktu. DFT dapat mengubah urutan sinyal dengan jarak yang sama menjadi informasi tentang frekuensi semua gelombang sinus yang diperlukan untuk menjumlahkan sinyal domain waktu.

Dalam menjalankan fungsinya sebagai pengelola dan pengawas hutan, pegawai UPT KPH KTT dituntut untuk selalu memiliki mobilitas yang tinggi. Akan tetapi, mobilitas ini akan terganggu ketika manajemen pegawai dan kearsipan di UPT KPH KTT masih belum berjalan secara optimal. Apalagi jika manajemen pegawai dan kearsipan surat-menyurat masih dilakukan secara manual, maka berakibat penyampaian surat masuk maupun penerbitan surat tugas seringkali menjadi terhambat. Selain itu, surat yang direkap secara manual, akan menyulitkan administrasi surat dalam melakukan pencarian arsip surat yang dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka penelitian ini mengusulkan untuk mengembangkan SIM-KSM (Sistem Informasi Manajemen dan Kearsipan Surat Menyurat) berbasis framework MVC (model-view-controller) CodeIgniter untuk UPT KPH KTT. Perancangan dalam pembuatan aplikasi ini menggunakan metode SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) dan diuji dengan pengujian kompabilitas, black-box, dan usabilitas untuk beberapa sampel responden. Hasil pengujian kompabilitas menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat diakses pada berbagai jenis web browser pada PC/Laptop/smartphone. Hasil pengujian black-box menunjukkan bahwa alur kerja aplikasi bernilai valid untuk seluruh proses bisnis yang dirancang. Hasil pengujian usabilitas menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini berada pada kisaran grade B dengan nilai 81,2. Hasil ini menyimpulkan bahwa antarmuka dan proses bisnis pada aplikasi ini dapat bekerja dengan baik dan dapat digunakan oleh pengguna dengan mudah.

Objective: To evaluate satisfaction of outpatients with respect to administrative services and the level of satisfaction towards the various facilities available in an outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Hospital based transverse situational analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantt, from Nov 2018 to Dec 2019. Methodology: Data was collected from 756 participants, using an “Outpatient Feedback Form” to evaluate the satisfaction level of patients. Nonprobability, convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data was analyzed in Statistical Package of Social Sciences, version 22. Result: The patient satisfaction was present in 388 (51%) followed by 235 (31%) participants graded the Outpatient department facilities (OPD) as excellent and good respectively. However, only 16 (3%) were disgruntled with the present OPD administrative and medical service of the hospital. Conclusion: Overall the study showed a good satisfaction level of patients with OPD services received from the hospital. Hospital administration has managed to deliver excellent quality services towards betterment in every discipline and created an example for other hospitals to become an effective part of the healthcare delivery system.

Objective: To assess the level of satisfaction regarding the admission process, treatment process, nursing care and general support services amid patients admitted in various hospital departments. Study Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantt, from Oct 2018 to Sep 2019. Methodology: Data was collected from 522 participants. An inpatient feedback form was used to assess satisfaction among admitted patients. Result: Out of 522, 256 (49%) participants ranked health care facilities as excellent and199 (38%) participants ranked health care facilities as good. Out of 53 (10%) participants were satisfied, while only 16 (3%) were discontented with current hospital facilities. Conclusion: This survey has provided deep insight into the contemporary health care services of the hospital. Being a costeffective organization, CMH Malir Cantt has delivered excellent quality care to patients through continuous efforts towards betterment in every discipline deemed to the medical facility.

Background: To assess the status of knowledge and practices about family planning utilization and its influencing factors among women of reproductive age group in Karachi, Pakistan. The study design was analytical cross-sectional study. The Place and Duration of Study was Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantt from January to March 2021. Methods: Data was collected from 426 participants visiting outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital, using structured questionnaire. Nonprobability, convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data was analyzed in Statistical Package of Social Sciences, version 23. Results: Family planning knowledge and practicing contraceptive methods utilization among women of reproductive age group was 73.94% and 55.16% respectively. Effectiveness of contraceptive methods was acknowledged by 57.27%. Family planning utilization practices were statistically associated with educational status, marriage duration, number of children, knowledge, availability, suitability and effectiveness of FP methods and husband support. Family planning centers and hospitals were the most common (41%) sources of information and desire to conceive was found to be the leading cause (54.2%) to attain family planning services. Conclusion: Overall the study revealed satisfactory knowledge about family planning with relatively low practices or utilization of contraceptive methods. Researches using qualitative approach are recommended to gain deep insight of women’s internal feeling regarding family planning. Besides, reasons for non-utilization of family planning services need to be explored further.

This paper discusses about ASEAN and the People's Republic of China (PRC)'s resolution attempts in the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. This paper discusses the process of conflict resolution between ASEAN and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the South China Sea (SCS) dispute issue since the declaration of conduct and its following moves were not yet able to formulate the planned code of ethics. This study aims to find out the causes of slow development of the COC of the South China Sea. This research uses qualitative methods to gather both primary and the secondary sources. Regime theory by Krasner is used by this research to see what factors cause both parties to be unable to formulate a code of ethics in the South China Sea. The conclusion from this research is the COC's development as a security regime in the South China Sea.

Early adolescence is a period of many changes in children both physically and mentally. During this period, there were many changes in the interactions experienced by individuals and both their families and their social environment. Usually the child will begin to explore himself more which is usually done with his playmates, but on the other hand he will also begin to feel the need for privacy so that he likes to be alone from his family. In a pandemic situation like this, there is a slight shift in children's social interactions, smartphones are an inseparable part of their daily lives, and even become a necessity because they are needed in their education process at school. So that they can no longer be separated from the internet, smartphones and other related things because it has become a habit for them. In this case, the PKL (Field Work Practice) activities to increase children's learning requests that I do will take advantage of this situation through the blended-learning method, which is a learning method that combines online and offline learning using the casework method through several stages consisting of Engagement intake Contract, Assessment. Planning/planning. Evaluation and Termination of Interventions. The focus in this case is to increase children's interest and motivation in learning by utilizing technological advances which have become an inseparable part since the COVID-19 pandemic began.

This study aims to build a web-based geographic information system for food material and foodstuffs UMKMs in Makassar City to disseminate geographic information that can be accessed anytime and from anywhere. The system is designed using a sequential waterfall method. Data sourced from the Makassar City Cooperatives and UKMs Office, field surveys, and interviews with UMKM owners. This system were developed to assist the government in providing information to the public about the location and distribution of UMKMs and other related information in dealing with the new normal, because it can visualize the distribution in Makassar City well. The system has been successfully developed through public testing, the average values ​​of which are user objectives (4.18), information quality (4.13), and System Quality (4.12).

Objective: To assess level of anxiety, its associated factors and coping strategies in postgraduate trainees of public and private teaching hospitals of Karachi Study Design and Setting: It was a cross-sectional study. The data was collected from different major teaching hospitals February 2019 till April Methodology: A total of 230 postgraduate trainees were interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire specifically designed for this study which included General Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale and Brief COPE Questionnaire. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 21. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression was performed and P-value

Intelligent traffic control at signalized intersections in urban areas is vital for mitigating congestion and ensuring sustainable traffic operations. Poor traffic management at road intersections may lead to numerous issues such as increased fuel consumption, high emissions, low travel speeds, excessive delays, and vehicular stops. The methods employed for traffic signal control play a crucial role in evaluating the quality of traffic operations. Existing literature is abundant, with studies focusing on applying regression and probability-based methods for traffic light control. However, these methods have several shortcomings and can not be relied on for heterogeneous traffic conditions in complex urban networks. With rapid advances in communication and information technologies in recent years, various metaheuristics-based techniques have emerged on the horizon of signal control optimization for real-time intelligent traffic management. This study critically reviews the latest advancements in swarm intelligence and evolutionary techniques applied to traffic control and optimization in urban networks. The surveyed literature is classified according to the nature of the metaheuristic used, considered optimization objectives, and signal control parameters. The pros and cons of each method are also highlighted. The study provides current challenges, prospects, and outlook for future research based on gaps identified through a comprehensive literature review.

Small scale business / Usaha Skala Kecil (USK) X currently does not have a batik wastewater treatment unit. This condition causes the possibility of contamination to water bodies. USK X wastewater treatment applications' planning needs to be carried out sustainably, namely by reusing water. The process units needed in this planning are the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and constructed wetlands. The effluent of textile wastewater with this system for parameters BOD, COD, TSS, sulfide, total oil & fat, and color were 0.13 mg/L; 106.5 mg/L; 2.4 mg/L; 0.036 mg/L; 0.07 mg/L; and 90.67 PtCo, respectively. The dimensions of the SBR unit required are 0.75 x 0.6 x 1 m. Modification of the SBR unit uses an ozone generator to produce ozone gas which functions as oxidation of organic pollutants and colors in batik waste. After processing in the SBR unit, it is carried out using a constructed wetland with 2.56 m2.

ABSTARCTThis study aims to analyze presupposition and entailment found in the film “Beauty And The Beast” By Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spilotopoulos. The method that used in this study is descriptive qualitative research, which attempt identify and analyze based on theory of George Yule about the types of presupposition, the meaning of presupposition in the film “Beauty And The Beast”. According to Yule 1996, there are 6 types of presupposition, they are : Existensial presupposition, Factive presupposition, Lexical presupposition, Structural presupposition, Non-factive presupposition, and Counterfaction presupposition. The data was taken from the source of data, which is from script of beauty and the beast by stephen chbosky and evan spilotopoulos. The result of this study is the authors found that there are 2 Existensial presupposition, 2 Factive presupposition, 2 Lexical presupposition, 6 Structural presupposition, 2 Non-factive presupposition and authors didn’t find dialogue about Counterfactive presupposition and The Entailment. The dominant types of presupposition that authors found in script of beauty and the beast’s film is structural presupposition.KEYWORDS : Entailment, Film, Pragmatic, Presupposition

Permasalahan sampah di lingkungan kampus menjadi salah satu tantangan. Upaya pengendalian dampak lingkungan tidak terlepas dari bagaimana cara pengolahan sampah. Himpunan Mahasiswa Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Pertamina melaksanakan rangkaian kegiatan UPSTRACT 3.0 (Universitas Pertamina Starting Act 3.0) dengan tema Solid Waste Treatment for Sustainable Cities and Communities untuk mengendalikan dampak lingkungan negatif yang mungkin terjadi. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan ini adalah untuk kepedulian terutama warga Kampus Universitas Pertamina terhadap pengolahan sampah Rangkaian kegitan ini yaitu lomba inovasi teknologi, -pemaparan mesin pencacah plastik dan pemaparan redesain TPS, dan talk show pengolahan sampah. Tingginya tingkat inovasi lingkungan yang terukur dalam kegiatan ini berkorelasi dengan tingginya kepedulian warga kampus terhadap pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan oleh sampah

Beautiful words have special meanings and involve expressing ideas in song lyrics through figurative language. This study discussed an analysis of the figurative language in the Maroon 5 song’s lyrics. This study emphasizes the use of figurative language and meaning in the lyrics of the song "Nobody's Love" by Maroon 5. Furthermore, the data source was taken from the lyrics of the Maroon 5 song lyrics. This research employed the descriptive qualitative model. In the analysis, the procedure began by reading the lyrics. Second, the researchers sought to identify words, phrases, and phrases that involved figurative language and catch each figurative language's context. Thirdly, the researchers took some notes about figurative language. Finally, the researchers classified and re-checked the details and analyzed them. The next step was the discussion of each category's results. The last step was drawing conclusions based on the report. The data showed five types of figurative language found in the lyrics of this song: Personification 20%, Hyperbole 30%, Irony 20%, Simile 20%, and Repetition 20%.

Drilling is one of the major cost components in geothermal exploration and development. Effective and cost-efficient drilling significantly contribute to the success of geothermal development. Key factors in reducing drilling costs are optimising operations, utilising manpower to its fullest potential, and also benchmarking with other drilling activities to evaluate one’s performance objectively. This is possible if the information regarding the previous drilling activities is stored and easily gathered and analysed before making plans for the drilling campaign. The importance of drilling data analysis and drilling data management have been a subject of study and discussion since the 1980s, but it is still not that common in geothermal drilling, especially in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the definition and examples of drilling data management in a more well-established industry such as oil and gas from various studies in the past, assess the advantages of having a proper drilling database or data management system, and how can the data be used for potentially improving future drilling operation. A case study of converting legacy data from previous drilling campaign of two geothermal fields in Java into a database is also discussed to demonstrate how legacy drilling data can be used to evaluate drilling performance.

Pendidikan Khas adalah program yang dirancang khusus untuk memenuhi pelbagai keperluan pelajar khas. Bagi pelajar pendidikan khas yang ditempatkan secara berasingan, teknik yang sesuai telah digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran. Sebagai tambahan kepada teknik pembelajaran yang sesuai, infrastruktur juga telah disediakan untuk memudahkan proses pembelajaran pelajar pendidikan khas ini. Infrastruktur adalah kemudahan yang disediakan untuk tujuan pembangunan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemudahan pendidikan khas untuk murid berkeperluan khas, untuk mengenal pasti prasarana pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang mencukupi dan terkini untuk pelajar berkeperluan khas di SK Kuala Kubu Bharu, untuk mengenal pasti pembiayaan yang sesuai dan relevan untuk pelajar berkeperluan khas untuk tujuan pendidikan dan infrastruktur mereka, dan memahami pelaksanaan PPKI SK Kuala Kubu Bharu mengenai infrastruktur dan pembiayaan untuk murid berkeperluan khas. Kaedah kajian ini adalah temu bual separa berstruktur. Pelajar di sekolah pendidikan khas yang dikaji menghadapi masalah dengan infrastruktur yang mencukupi dan bertambah. Lagipun, infrastruktur adalah keadaan atau persekitaran yang perlu dipenuhi oleh setiap sekolah agar para pelajarnya dapat menggunakan kemudahan tersebut, terutamanya pelajar yang bersekolah itu adalah pelajar kurang upaya atau kurang upaya. Learning Problem for the Special Education Students: Funds and Infrastructure Abstract: Special Education is a program designed specifically to meet the diverse needs of special students. For special education students who are placed separately, appropriate techniques have been used in the learning and teaching process. In addition to appropriate learning techniques, infrastructure has also been provided to facilitate the learning process of these special education students. Infrastructure is a facility provided for development purposes. The objectives of this study were to analyze special education facilities for students with special needs, to identify sufficient and current teaching and learning infrastructure for special needs students at SK Kuala Kubu Bharu, to identify appropriate and relevant funding for students with special needs for educational purposes and their infrastructure, and understand the implementation of SK Kuala Kubu Bharu's PPKI on infrastructure and funding for special needs students. The method of this study is semi-structured interviews. Students in the special education school studied are having problems with sufficient and increasing infrastructure. After all, infrastructure is a condition or environment that every school needs to meet in order for its students to be able to use the facilities, especially those students who attend the school are students with disabilities or disabilities. Keyword: Learning, Students, Special Education, Funds, Infrastructure.

1. Falina Alifya 1910843026 2. Redha Fitri Darma 1910841012 3. Dena Irdiani 1910841026 4. Claristha Audiva 1910843026 5. Diah Dayanti 1910842002 6. Muhammad Farhan 1910843028 7. Fitrina Ramadhani 1910841024

There is a growing emphasis on sustainability within the hospitality industry. However, research on hyper-local restaurants’ strategic sustainable strategies is scarce. Accordingly, this study aims to unveil the hyper-local Chinese restaurateurs’ critical success factors (CSFs). Grounded on the CSFs identified in the literature and validated by experts, data were collected from hyper-local restaurant owners and analysed through multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), best–worst method (BWM) and hesitant fuzzy shapely order weights average (HSFOWA) approach. Results suggest that green entrepreneurial orientation is symbiotic, and green customer education, ability, motivation, capability, entrepreneurial orientation and high-commitment work practices significantly impact the sustainability of hyper-local restaurants. Findings stimulate sustainable strategies based on available CSFs. Practical and managerial implications are discussed.

Smouldering spread of peat fires has been studied by numerous researchers. This study focus on the development of an adjustable reactor for studying the horizontal spread rate of tropical peat. Experimental work was performed to study the impact of peat layer thickness on horizontal smouldering spread behaviour. The thickness of the peat layer was varied 2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm peat thickness. A 3 cm-long coil heater was placed in the centre of the base. For ignition protocol, the coil heater was powered with 100 W of electricity for the first 60 minutes. Smouldering behaviour was observed by the temperature data, that measured using thermocouples and a thermal camera. The thickness of the peat layer and bulk density play important roles in the horizontal spread probability, as it changes the heat balance between the heat generation at the reaction zone and heat loss to the environment. Higher peak temperature was observed for peat 4 cm depth and then decreased by the thickness. The smouldering spread rate increases by peat thickness from 2.21 cm/h to 2.91 cm/h and then reach an asymptotic level. Extinction corresponds to a negative energy balance observed in thickness 2 cm of peat. A self-sustained smouldering front could not be maintained after the igniter was turned off. The detail of the adjustable reactor design and more data analysis will be presented in the full paper.

Objective: To compare the severity of cognitive, affective and somatic symptoms of depression between two samples of medical students with high and low suicidal ideation using Beck Depression Inventory Study Design and Setting: This is a cross sectional study conducted in public and private medical colleges in Karachi from September-December 2018. Methodology: A total of 150 normal healthy students with 75 each from public and private medical colleges in Karachi were sampled through purposive sampling technique. Beck depression inventory (BDI) with twenty one items for depressive symptoms was used. Suicidal ideation was assessed using item 9 of BDI and participants were identified as having high and low suicidal ideation. Remaining twenty items of BDI were categorized as affective, cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression. Severity of each symptom was assessed through BDI score on a 4-point scale. Hypothesis testing for difference in BDI scores of depressive symptoms between high and low suicidal ideation cases was performed through independent sample t tests. Result: BDI showed significantly higher suicidal ideation in public medical colleges’ students. Cases with high suicidal ideation showed higher prevalence of five cognitive (past failure, feeling guilty, self-image, feeling of being punished, crying spells), four affective (sadness, irritability, decision making, self-dislike) and one somatic (physical health) symptoms of depression. Conclusion: Significant higher prevalence of affective and cognitive symptoms of depression was found among cases of higher suicidal ideation

Objective: To identify the health status and well-being of the professional automobile drivers and associated risk factors that affect their health. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 professional automobile drivers operating on local and long routes in Karachi, Pakistan Methodology: The study was done at various locations in the city of Karachi from September to November 2017. The subjects were asked for their personal health related complaints and medical illnesses. Further, this research also has the complimentary purpose to measure anxiety and depression among professional drivers. Anxiety was measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 Item Scale (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire2-Item Depression Module (PHQ- 2) was used to measure, depression. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data entry and its analysis. A written informed consent about the study was provided to the subjects with questionnaire. This study was approved by the Institutional/Ethical review board of Karachi Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS). Results: Amongst the 350 participants 48% were long route and 52% were local route automobile drivers. The result indicate that professional automobile drivers were suffering from backache (56%), Joint pain (36%), Hypertension (44%), Diabetes Mellitus (21%), Anxiety (87%) and Depression (38%). Tobacco addiction was found in (94%) of total respondents. Conclusion: Health status of the professional drivers and their well-being was found unsatisfactory. Multiple factors such as working environment and sociodemographic factors are inevitably linked to their health status and wellbeing

Indonesia memiliki banyak ladang minyak tua dengan komposisi air terproduksi yang tinggi, dimana air terproduksi ini masih dapat dipergunakan untuk kegunaan lain. Salah satu kegunaan dari air terproduksi dengan temperature cukup tinggi ini adalah untuk pembangkit listrik dengan Siklus Rankine Organik (Organic Rankine Cycle / ORC). Gagasan untuk penggunaan sumur ladang minyak tua untuk pembangkit listrik panas bumi telah lama dipelajari dan didiskusikan di seluruh penjuru dunia untuk mengurangi biaya operasi dari produksi minyak dan gas and untuk memperpankang usia dari ladang minyak yang mulai mendekati akhir masa produksi. Meskipun umumnya reservoir minyak dan gas tidak sepanas reservoir panas bumi konvensional, tetapi beberapa studi menyimpulkan bahwa pada beberapa sumur tua di Texas dan Wyoming memiliki kedalaman yang cukup dengan suhu mencapai 121°C, dan bahkan beberapa sumur dapat mencapai 210°C. Air terproduksi dari sumur minyak harus melalui pengolahan terlebih dahulu sebelum diinjeksi kembali ke reservoir, dimana ketika lapangan minyak tersebut semakin tua, biasanya jumlah air terproduksi meningkat dan akhirnya produksi minyak akan menurun sampai ke titik di mana sumur sumur tersebut tidak lagi menghasilkan minyak dan hanya menghasilkan air. Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk merangkum pengalaman pengalaman penggunaan air terproduksi dari sumur minyak tua dengan temperature cukup tinggi di seluruh dunia untuk berbagai macam aplikasi seperti pembangkit listrik atau untuk penggunaan langsung (heat exchanger, pengeringan produk agrikultur, pemandian air panas, dll). Tinjauan pustaka dilakukan dari berbagai riset dan publikasi untuk mengulas teknologi yang dibutuhkan penggunaan penggunaan tersebut di atas dan juga potensi untuk penggunaan serupa di Indonesia.

Fecal sludge can be treated by conventional treatment such as pond stabilization which is commonly used to reduce organic concentrations. However, nutrients such as NH3 are still widely measured in the effluent. One of the sewerage treatments in the city of Jakarta, for example, experienced this condition. This study aims to design an appropriate technology to increase the efficiency of nutrient ammonia and total suspended solid (TSS) removal at Duri X IPLT. The unit added in the selected effluent treatment is Granular Activated Carbon (GAC). Design considerations are the characteristics of activated carbon, operating conditions (discharge and contact time), and operating mode (fixed-, expanded-, or fluidized-bed, pumped, or gravity flow). The Carbon Usage Rate for removing ammonia and TSS is 1.384 g/L and 0.378 g/L, respectively. Maintenance is required so that the granular activated carbon (GAC) unit can continue operating and functioning properly. Blockages in carbon transport pipes can occur in many pipes. This can occur due to a too-small pipe, a short bend radius of the pipe, a lack of speed, and a lack of cleaning of the pipe. The eroded pipe is also a common problem that often occurs in unlined mild steel and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), usually in sharp bends.

Increased traffic volumes worldwide have resulted in an increased number of road accident injuries and mortalities. This global phenomenon motivated the United Nations (UN) to initiate a decade-long global road safety plan in 2010. In response, Saudi Arabia concurrently initiated a comprehensive road safety program, supported by detailed and comprehensive road safety data for the Eastern Province (EP) of Saudi Arabia. The contributed

Extensive prior research has statistically analyzed the impact of infrastructural, policy, and environmental factors on road accidents, injuries, and mortalities. Most of these studies assumed long-term temporal stability in road safety data. These studies were later criticized for ignoring structural shifts in data over time caused by varying systemic influences such as socioeconomic and environmental factors, as well as major changes to road safety rules and networks. In this work, we proposed a novel four-phase methodology that identifies structural shifts or breaks in the road safety data and subsequently evaluates the role of various factors (including road safety interventions) in causing these breaks. The method is generalized, allowing different modeling bases and assumptions on the underlying data distribution. To demonstrate the merits of this methodology, we used it to investigate road accident mortality patterns in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and its subregions for the period 2010-2020, when a series of road safety interventions were introduced. The case study analysis revealed the varying impact of these interventions at both the provincial and governorate levels. These results can be used to evaluate the efficacy of road safety interventions. The lessons learned can help to develop more robust road safety management programs.

Objectives: To screen and assess the severity level of anxiety, its influencing factors along with the gender-wise predilection of coping strategies among resident doctors working in accident and emergency departments. Methods: A transverse study was conducted amongst 260 resident doctors of accident and emergency department of different teaching hospitals of Karachi from October 2020 until March 2021. A demographic sheet containing questions related to factors, GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) and Brief COPE were used to measure the severity level of anxiety and coping strategies. Data was scored according to the standard scoring procedure for each subscale and for further statistical analysis SPSS Version 21 was used. Results: Out of all participants, 68.1% were

Seat belts and child restraint systems (CRS) are important in-car safety components capable of preventing serious injuries and death in the event of a car crash. Low rates of seat belt and CRS use persist globally, particularly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In an effort to better understand and subsequently improve seat belt and CRS use rates, this study analyzed the factors influencing seat belt and CRS use behavior in the Eastern Province (EP) of KSA, including the connection between seat belt and CRS use and road traffic crash experience. This cross-sectional study was based on a survey of 3,421 male and female participants regarding their seat belt and CRS use behavior. Respondents were classified into four CRS use categories: cautious, helplessly negligent, ignorantly negligent, and deliberately negligent. Chi-squared tests were used to determine significant associations among seat belt use, seat belt belief, prior crash experience, CRS use, and demographic variables. Multinomial nominal logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios for classification in one of the three negligent vs. cautious CRS use categories as a function of demographic variables, prior road traffic crash experience, and belief in and use of seat belts. Results of this study indicated a modest improvement in the rate of seat belt use in KSA’s EP, however, a significant proportion of respondents reported only sometimes or never using their seat belt. A significant proportion of respondents were also classified in one of the three negligent CRS use categories. Respondents who reported using a seat belt sometimes or never were 2.67, 2.60, and 3.48 times more likely to be categorized as deliberately negligent, ignorantly negligent, or helplessly negligent in their CRS use, respectively, than respondents who reported always using their seat belts. Respondents who reported being previously involved in a car crash or a near crash were also more likely to be classified in one of the three negligent CRS use categories than respondents who reported no prior road traffic crash experience. Previous involvement in a car crash was also found to be associated with lower seat belt and CRS use rates. These findings suggest a need for increased seat belt law enforcement by the KSA’s Traffic Police Department, as well as additional seat belt and CRS use awareness campaigns targeting individuals with prior road traffic crash experience by the KSA’s Ministry of Communications through the Road Transport Department. This study can serve as a reference for future studies that aim to understand the factors and implications related to seat belt use and belief, CRS use, and road traffic crash experience.

Pseudoaddiction is a term to describe drug-seeking behaviors in a patient that has inadequate pain control. It is the result of the medical undertreatment of pain, which poses iatrogenic harm to patients by withholding analgesic treatment [1]. The case presented is of a 26-year-old female with chronic back pain from a motor vehicle accident who was unable to find a physician to prescribe opioids after leaving the care of her primary care physician. She resulted to drug-seeking behaviors and alcohol use to relieve her severe pain.

Objectives: This study aims to test the association between diabetes and tuberculosis. Methods: It is a matched case control study conducted in tertiary care hospitals in 2019-2020. Cases and controls were 144 each, selected on the basis of an odds ratio of 2 at 95% confidence interval with a significance level of 5%. Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were selected through consecutive sampling technique, either visiting OPD or admitted in hospital. Controls were taken from the general population and frequency matching was done based on age, gender and socioeconomic status. Data was collected through structured questionnaire after taking written consent. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 23. Binary Logistic regression model was applied for finding association between the risk factors and the disease. P value

Background and Objective: Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are suggested to predict dementia at a very early stage. However, association of SMCs with known risk factors of dementia namely diabetes mellitus Type-2 diabetes and hypertension (HTN) remain unexplored which is the main aim of this study. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of SMC with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and hypertension (HTN). Methods: The associations of diabetes and hypertension, with SMCs has been tested in 500 participants from a tertiary care hospital of Karachi during 2017. Diagnosed cases of diabetes and hypertension were included through convenient sampling. Healthy attendants of patients were interviewed for the reference group. SMCs were assessed through a 14-item SMC questionnaire. Results: Sample included 114 patients with only diabetes and hypertension each, 103 with both diabetes and hypertension and 169 healthy participants. Compared to healthy adults, persons with diabetes and hypertension had higher SMCs (difference, 0.88, 95% CI: 0.22, 1.54) (difference, 1.06, 95% CI: 0.40, 1.71) respectively, in fully adjusted models. Conclusions: Compared to healthy adults of working age-group, persons with diabetes and hypertension were more likely to have SMCs. Assessment and early detection of SMCs in persons with diabetes and hypertension might be informative to provide a window for effective interventions to maintain cognitive health. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3426 How to cite this:Faiz S, Qureshi FM, Hussain AW, Nigah-e-Mumtaz S. Association of subjective memory complaints amid patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type II and Hypertension. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):477-482. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3426 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Dengan meningkatnya kejahatan di era digital, maka pelayanan dan keamanan jaringan wajib hukumnya untuk ditingkatkan. Pelayanan dan keamanan jaringan yang saat ini ada pada SMK ALLUTHFAH masih belum maksimal terutama di bagian pemfilteran ketika berselancar di internet dengan menggunakan jaringan internet yaitu hostpot sekolah. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk analisis sistem keamanan jaringan menggunakan proxy dan firewall dengan menggunakan router mikrotik sebagai proses implementasinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK AL-LUTHFAH yang terletak di Cikarang, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek siswa di sekolah tersebut, dimana pada proses belajar mengajar menggunakan internet sebagai sarana dalam menunjang kegiatan belajar mengajar yang dikhawatirkan rentan menerima ancaman serangan kejahatan digital atau siber. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development, dimana alur penelitiannya yaitu membuat aturan proxy dan firewall selanjutnya mengkonfigurasi aturan tersebut pada gateway dan akan dilakukan uji tes terhadap setiap aturan yang telah dibuat. Konfigurasi yang diterapkan akan menjatuhkan semua paket data yang dianggap berbahaya pada sejumlah port. Memblok paket data menuju router gateway dari jaringan lokal maupun jaringan internet selain administrator. Memblok situs – situs yang dianggap berbahaya. Sehingga kesimpulannya, menerapkan aturan pada proxy dan firewall dapat mengamankan jaringan dari serangan awal cracker.

Finding the shortest path distance between an arbitrary pair of vertices is a fundamental problem in graph theory. A tremendous amount of research has been successfully attempted on this problem, most of which is limited to static graphs. Due to the dynamic nature of real-world networks, there is a pressing need to address this problem for dynamic networks undergoing changes. In this paper, we propose an \emph{online incremental} method to efficiently answer distance queries over very large dynamic graphs. Our proposed method incorporates incremental update operations, i.e. edge and vertex additions, into a highly scalable framework of answering distance queries. We theoretically prove the correctness of our method and the preservation of labelling minimality. We have also conducted extensive experiments on 12 large real-world networks to empirically verify the efficiency, scalability, and robustness of our method.

Additional file 1. Quality of exome sequencing analysis and conservation analysis of TCIRG1:p.Gly172.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of status motivation on customers' purchase intention of a green‐luxury car associated with owning a green‐luxury car, and whether materialism and horizontal–vertical individualism/collectivism moderate this relationship. The quantitative research methodology using online survey technique was used to collect cross‐cultural data from respondents (507) from China and Germany. Purposive sampling technique was used to identify and collect data from current and prospective customers of the BMW brand. Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results demonstrated that materialism and cultural value (horizontal–vertical collectivism and vertical individualism) can serve as moderators of the effects of status motivation and purchase intention of the green‐luxury car. Although some studies have explored the factors involved in customer purchasing behaviour for green‐luxury products, our results theoretically and empirically show that materialism, vertical individualism, horizontal collectivism, and vertical collectivism enhance the positive effects of status motivation on customer purchasing behaviour for a green‐luxury car.

Providing quality services is a key condition for the stable functioning of companies in a changing environment. Given the fact that delivering exceptional quality services deemed to foster firm competitiveness, worldwide service quality and customer satisfaction captivate serious considerations from across the globe. An analysis of literary sources allows us to conclude that customer satisfaction and service quality have long-term predictors to enhance firms’ values. Employee service quality plays a significant role in satisfying customer’s needs in these digital times not only to accomplish firms’ particular objectives but also to socialize firms globally – to sustain customer’s confidence among competitors. The relevance of solving this scientific problem lies in the lack of research work, which highlighted functional aspects of employee’s service quality, yet numerous firms from across the globe are pugnacious to progress services, deteriorating money on ill-conceived service daily-routine packages and undermining credibility with management rhetoric not supported up with some strategic actions. Thus, this study aims to bring a deeper insight view, bonding employee’s service quality and customer satisfaction. A survey distributed on a sample of 278 customers of Telecom industry through electronic and simple forms. A statistical package social science (SPSS) was conducted to calculate the collected data. The results of data analysis revealed that three out of five predictor variables ‘assurance’, ‘responsiveness’, and ‘reliability’ have a significant impact on customer satisfaction while ‘empathy’ and ‘tangibility’ have an in-significant impact on customer satisfaction. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that ensuring customer satisfaction in changing conditions becomes a strategic prerequisite for creating competitive advantages of the company, improving the quality of customer service, in the context of easing pressure on profitability and achieving strategic long-term goals of the company. Therefore, this study peculiarly predicts that employee’s service quality is a crucial antecedent of customer satisfaction explicitly within the context of Telecom Industry in emerging Pakistan. Keywords: Service Quality, Customer satisfaction, Telecom industry of Pakistan, Profitability, Economic instability.

Frequent lane changes cause serious traffic safety concerns, which involve fatalities and serious injuries. This phenomenon is affected by several significant factors related to road safety. The detection and classification of significant factors affecting lane changing could help reduce frequent lane changing risk. The principal objective of this research is to estimate and prioritize the nominated crucial criteria and sub-criteria based on participants’ answers on a designated questionnaire survey. In doing so, this paper constructs a hierarchical lane-change model based on the concept of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with two levels of the most concerning attributes. Accordingly, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) procedure was applied utilizing fuzzy scale to evaluate precisely the most influential factors affecting lane changing, which will decrease uncertainty in the evaluation process. Based on the final measured weights for level 1, FAHP model estimation results revealed that the most influential variable affecting lane-changing is ‘traffic characteristics’. In contrast, compared to other specified factors, ‘light conditions’ was found to be the least critical factor related to driver lane-change maneuvers. For level 2, the FAHP model results showed ‘traffic volume’ as the most critical factor influencing the lane changes operations, followed by ‘speed’. The objectivity of the model was supported by sensitivity analyses that examined a range for weights’ values and those corresponding to alternative values. Based on the evaluated results, stakeholders can determine strategic policy by considering and placing more emphasis on the highlighted risk factors associated with lane changing to improve road safety. In conclusion, the finding provides the usefulness of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to review lane-changing risks for road safety.

Indonesia has a variety of ethnicities and cultures with their own characteristics as self-identity. The characteristics of each tribe are inseparable from the culture and customs of the generations of their ancestors who believe until today. One of them is a symbol of marriage that is believed to have its own meaning and beliefs of each of these customs and cultures. In this case, betawi people use crocodile bread as a symbol of marriage which is considered as a symbol of loyalty and stability. Setu Babakan village is one of betawi village in South Jakarta that still maintains this crocodile bread tradition even though wedding celebrations have been done in a modern way. In this study explained the reason why crocodile bread is still maintained by the people of Setu Babakan Village and how the existence of crocodile bread in the community using ethnographic research methods that are classified in qualitative research. Purposive and snowballtechniques are used in the selection of informants for interviews as well as observation techniques directly at the research site. In this study, crocodile understanding was found as a symbol of loyalty still held by betawi people because it has become local knowledge that has been done for generations. The understanding of crocodiles as a symbol of loyalty is also supported by the Betawi community so that the use of crocodile bread in betawi community wedding ceremonies persists.

Distribution transformers are an essential component employed widely in electrical power transmission systems. Heat generation in summer due to overloading on these transformers, is a critical problem especially in developing countries like Pakistan. These transformers are designed to operate within specific temperature range. The significant factors involved in temperature rise are; quantity of oil, geometric parameters of tank and fins as well as heat transfer coefficients of their materials and coatings. Improper heat dissipation causes frequent tripping, degrades the insulation quality and decreases the transformer’s life. Therefore, efficient cooling is an essential requirement for its durable operation. The main objective, of this project, is to enhance the heat transfer rate of domestic transformers by optimizing the fin design using numerical analysis and CFD analysis approach, to improve its overall performance and life expectancy. A comparison of results is performed between conventional and optimized designs in terms of optimum number of fins required for specific overloading conditions. The proposed fin design of transformer for improved cooling process would be helpful, in decreasing annual expenditures being spent by the government on frequent malfunctioning of transformers. It is worth noting that environmental effects also influence the cooling process externally. Further optimization of thermal conductivity and dielectric strength of mineral oil is done by mixing "Alumina" nanoparticles in it. The stability of nanofluids is the major concern for their use at commercial level instead of oil although they have better thermal properties.

Distribution transformers are an essential component employed widely in electrical power transmission systems. Heat generation in summer due to overloading on these transformers, is a critical problem especially in developing countries like Pakistan. These transformers are designed to operate within specific temperature range. The significant factors involved in temperature rise are; quantity of oil, geometric parameters of tank and fins as well as heat transfer coefficients of their materials and coatings. Improper heat dissipation causes frequent tripping, degrades the insulation quality and decreases the transformer’s operational life. Therefore, efficient cooling is an essential requirement for its durable operation. The main objective, of this paper, is to enhance the heat transfer rate of domestic transformers by optimizing the fin design using numerical analysis approach to study its overall performance and life expectancy. The proposed fin geometry has very little research up till now. A comparison of results is performed between conventional and optimized designs in terms of optimum number of fins required for specific overloading conditions. The proposed fin design of transformer for improved cooling process would be helpful, in decreasing annual expenditures being spent by the government on frequent malfunctioning of transformers.