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This study investigates the nexus between financial market and real estate (RE) sector against the backdrop of ECB's unconventional monetary policy. A financial dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model is calibrated on the financial social accounting matrix (FSAM) of Italian economy. The findings confirm that the inclusion of financial intermediation into real economy affects the real estate sector's output, value added, and pricing.

In today?s economies, where commerce and the economy are strongly interrelated, the relationship between current account and financial account has become crucial. However, economists have not reached a consensus regarding the direction of the causality relationship between capital and current accounts. Our study aims to contribute to the literature by determining the direction of the causality relationship between current and financial accounts in Turkey, applying the Johansen Cointegration Test and the Vector Error Correction (VEC) model to quarterly data for 2002-2018. The empirical results show that the causality relationship in Turkey runs from the financial account to the current account. This means that capital inflows to Turkey have the potential to deteriorate the current account balance. Therefore, it is of crucial importance that Turkey implement policies to manage the financial account in order to provide a current account balance.

The objective of this research is to get the descriptive in depth and effectiveness of performance appraisal system (based on financial account, operational account, and administrative account) that has been implemented by PT Perkebunan Nusaniara XII (Pcrsero) based on the Badan Usaha Milik Ncgara of Minister Decree, Number: KEP-100/MBU/2002. This research used qualitative research with single case study and multiple unit analysis approach. The study involved 6 respondents as unit managers and as assistant of unit manager. They are financial manager, plant manager, accounting manager, processing manager, strategic business unit manager, strategic business manager, and assistant of financial manager. This study concluded that the performance appraisal system that has been implemented by PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII (Persero) was not effective in practice. This was caused by the differences of PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII (Persero) core business whose long time plants and harvest for many years from cultivation. It is suggested that the productivity is the main resource to increase as well as to improve performance and the sustainability of PT Perkebunan Nusantara XII (Persero)

Given the secrecy that wraps the flows of the GCC countries’ petrodollar surpluses to the United States and the pressures on these countries to spend and recycle more, this study attempts to uncover the direct and reverse causal relationships between the GCC financial accounts and the US current account deficit. It examines whether the GCC petrodollar surpluses are part of the global savings glut (an external factor) that causes the US current account deficit, or on the contrary this deficit is home-grown and the petrodollar savings glut hypothesis does not hold. It particularly focuses on the world’s important oil exporters to find out if the homegrown deficit hypothesis holds for the world’s largest oil consumer. The implications and policy recommendations for this significant source of global external imbalances are provided

Countries in the euro area periphery borrowed heavily from abroad in the years leading up to the sovereign debt crisis, largely to finance increased consumption and housing investment. When the crisis hit in 2010, capital flight by private investors forced these countries to bring domestic spending back into line with domestic incomes—the same adjustment required of countries facing a typical balance of payments crisis. Nevertheless, adjustment to the pullback of private capital was not as harsh as might have been expected, owing to the workings of the euro area’s system for managing cross-border payment imbalances between regional commercial banks. This system, known as Target2, offset much of the capital flight with credits extended collectively by euro area central banks to central banks in the periphery.

В статье раскрываются вопросы оценки риска необнаружения существенных искажений финансовой (бухгалтерской) отчётности как основы для формирования выводов об удовлетворительности данных финансовой (бухгалтерской) отчётности для целей принятия управленческих решений, In the article are revealed questions of risk estimate of serious accounting report distortions as bases for the conclusions about the satisfactoriness of bookkeeping account for making administrative decisions.

В статье рассматривается проблема подтверждения аудиторами недостоверной финансовой отчетности, являющейся результатом недобросовестных действий руководства аудируемого лица, раскрывается основополагающее понятие аудита «искажение», рассматриваются основные этапы процесса доказывания недобросовестных действий в отношении финансовой отчетности, описывается процесс манипулирования данными финансовой отчетности как объект доказывания., In the article is examined the problem of confirmation by the auditors the unfair financial statement, which is the result of the unfair acts made by the governing body of the company under the audit. "Distortion" is revealed as the basic concept of audit, also are examined the unfair acts evidence basic stages in point of financial account. is described The process of manipulation with financial account dates is described.

Given the secrecy that wraps the flows of the GCC countries' petrodollar surpluses to the United States and the pressures on these countries to spend and recycle more, this study attempts to uncover the direct and reverse causal relationships between the GCC financial accounts and the US current account deficit. It examines whether the GCC petrodollar surpluses are a global savings glut (an external factor) that causes the US current account deficit or in contrary this deficit is home-grown and the petrodollar savings glut hypothesis does not hold. It particularly focuses on world's largest oil exporter to find out if the homegrown deficit hypothesis for the world's largest oil consumer holds. It also investigates which types of investments or components of GCC financial accounts help cause the US deficit the most. The implications and policy recommendations for this growing source of global external imbalances are also provided.

The paper investigates cyclical fluctuations in the current and financial (formerly capital) accounts of the balance of payments and major underlying components for nine industrial countries. The empirical model uses as explanatory variables domestic output growth, price inflation, real exchange rate fluctuations, energy price inflation, global growth, and regional growth. The evidence from the estimation of the model indicates the importance of fluctuations in output growth to the cyclicality of the current and financial account balances. The necessary and sufficient condition to sustain a large current account deficit is high domestic growth, which tends to stimulate financial inflows and provides adequate resources for financing. Other factors appear to be less important to the cyclicality of the current and financial account balances and their negative correlations.