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International audience; Corporate financing has recently benefitted from innovative technics and solutions based on the blockchain technology. In order to analyze them, this article proposes a theoretical framework based on risks: market mechanisms, information asymmetries, opportunistic behavior, legal guarantees and operational risks. We develop a typology of financing instruments through two dimensions: means of exchange and contracts. A study of four situations supports this classification and demonstrates the potential of blockchain despite the appearance of new risks.Le financement des entreprises bénéficie de l’introduction de techniques et solutions innovantes fondées sur la technologie blockchain. Afin de les analyser, cet article propose un cadre théorique centré sur les risques : les mécanismes de marché, les asymétries d’information, l’opportunisme, les garanties juridiques et les risques opérationnels. A partir d’une analyse de la littérature, nous développons une typologie des modes de financement en nous appuyant sur deux dimensions : les moyens d’échange et les contrats. Une étude de quatre situations appuie cette classification et démontre le potentiel de la blockchain en dépit de l’apparition de nouveaux risques.

International audience; Bitcoin is foremost amongst the emerging asset class known as cryptoassets. Two noteworthy characteristics of the returns of non-stablecoin cryptoassets are their high volatility, which brings with it a high level of risk, and their high intraclass correlation, which limits the benefits that can be had by diversifying across multiple cryptoassets. Yet cryptoassets exhibit no correlation with gold, a highly-liquid yet scarce asset which has proved to function as a safe haven during crises affecting traditional financial systems. As exemplified by Shannon's Demon, a lack of correlation between assets opens the door to principled risk control through so-called volatility harvesting involving periodic rebalancing. In this paper we propose an index which combines a basket of five cryp-toassets with an investment in gold in a way that aims to improve the risk profile of the resulting portfolio while preserving its independence from mainstream financial asset classes such as stocks, bonds and fiat currencies. We generalise the theory of Equal Risk Contribution to allow for weighting according to a desired level of contribution to volatility. We find a crypto-gold weighting based on Weighted Risk Contribution to be historically more effective in terms of Sharpe Ratio than several alternative asset allocation strategies including Shannon's Demon. Within the crypto-basket, whose constituents are selected and rebalanced monthly, we find an Equal Weighting scheme to be more effective in terms of the same metric than a market capitalisation weighting.