Search

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Plant material and collection. Collected stems of Opuntia ficus-indica (A). Area collection of Berket Al Sabaa along the train Road of Cairo‐Alexandria, Monufiya Governorate, Egypt (B). Figure S2. Thin layer chromatography for separation of l-tyrosine isolated from endophytic R. oryzae. Lanes 1-4: Isolated l-tyrosine from endophytic R. oryzae, Lane 5: Standard l-tyrosine. Figure S3. Hemolysis of LT.

Snail mucus is composed of bioactive compounds thought to have different biological properties for the treatment of some skin problems. Although Helix aspersa mucus is used in several cosmetic products, a detailed characterization of Eremina desertorum mucus composition and its biological activities is still missing. Mucus extracts (MEs) from H. aspersa and E. desertorum were prepared and tested for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities with their potencies in wound healing. Also, chemical characterization was performed by GC–MS analysis. Results showed that ME of E. desertorum gave higher inhibitory activity against resistant strains related to burn wound infections compared to ME of H. aspersa. Additionally, it revealed a significant anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, we found that ME of E. desertorum lacked cytotoxicity and was able to significantly induce cell proliferation and migration through up-regulation of TGF-β1 and VEGF gene expression. Our results suggested that MEs of E. desertorum have higher biological effects than H. aspersa, which are attributable to antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activities, cell proliferation and pave the way for further investigating its potential effect as a human therapeutic agent.