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Bu çalışmada; sığır solunum yolu hastalıkları tedavisinde kullanılan tildipirosinin, sığır trakea epitel hücresi üzerinde in vitro yara iyileşmesi etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. In vitro yara yöntemi ile her kuyucuğa ekilmiş olan sığır trakea epitel hücreleri üzerinde, 200 μL’lik pipet ucu (dikey) aracılığıyla bir yara alanı oluşturuldu. In vitro yara oluşturulmuş sığır trakea epitel hücreleri üzerine tildipirosinin konsantrasyonları (5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL) ve kontrol grubu uygulandı. In vitro yara görüntüleri; 0’ıncı saat, 24’üncü saat ve 48’inci saatte izlendi. Çalışmanın 24’üncü saatinde yara alanı kapanma yüzdesi, kontrol grubuna kıyasla; tildipirosinin 50 μg/mL konsantrasyonda istatistiki olarak önemli fark bulunamazken 5, 10 ve 25 μg/mL konsantrasyonlarında istatistiki olarak fark anlamlı bulundu. Çalışmanın 48’inci saatinde, kontrol grubuna kıyasla 25 ve 50 μg/mL tildipirosin konsantrasyonları arasında istatistiki olarak önemli fark bulunamazken, 5 μg/mL (%96,61±1,69) ve 10 μg/mL (%96,42±1,78) tildipirosin konsantrasyonları arasında yara alanı kapanma yüzdeleri arasında istatistiki olarak fark anlamlı bulundu. Sonuç olarak tildipirosinin düşük konsantrasyonlarındaki yara iyileşme yüzdelerinin (48’inci saat) yaklaşık olarak %96 olması, hastalıkların tedavisine ek olarak çeşitli mikroorganizma ve maddeler tarafından epitel hücrelerinde meydana gelen hasarlara karşı doku bütünlüğünü koruma ve tedaviye katkı sağlayabilir.

KABAKCI, Ruhi/0000-0001-9131-0933 WOS: 000469907300004 PubMed: 30967318 Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental pollutant used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of many plastic products, such as packaging, containers, and water and beverage bottles. There are deleterious effects of BPA on metabolic, endocrine, nervous, and reproductive systems. This is the first study in which there was investigation of the in vitro effect of BPA on the spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. The tubal uterine segments (1 cm) collected from queens in estrus were suspended in an isolated organ bath. Following tissue stabilization, spontaneous contractions were recorded for 10 min to constitute the control group. The effects of the solvent (alcohol) and BPA at different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mu M) on uterine contractions were subsequently evaluated at 10 min intervals in terms of frequency and mean amplitude variables. The ethanol vehicle did not alter the uterine contractions compared to the control group. All concentrations of BPA used in the study resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in amplitude of uterine contractions in a dose-dependent manner, while only the largest dose of BPA decreased the frequency of contractions (P < 0.05). In reproductive physiology, regular uterine contractions facilitate successful fertilization, migration, implantation, and maintenance of pregnancy, as well as fetus expulsion. The results of this study indicate BPA has an inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. It is proposed that this suppressive effect of BPA on uterine contractions might lead to queen infertility.

Bu çalışmanın amacı sakaroz, sorbitol ve glikozun yer aldığı üç farklı karbonhidrat formülasyonu kullanarak renklendirilmiş sert şeker üretmektir. Bu kapsamda, siyah havuç konsantresi (SHK) katkılı ve katkısız olarak altı farklı sert şeker %100 sakaroz, %76 sakaroz + %24 sorbitol, %76 sakaroz + %24 glikoz olarak formüle edilerek üretilmiş ve bu ürünlerin renk, karbonhidrat kompozisyonu, camsı geçiş, higroskopite ile duyusal özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. En yüksek higroskopite değerlerinin sorbitolün yer aldığı formülasyonlara ait olduğu tespit edilmiş ve SHK kullanımı tüm formülasyonlarda SHK katkısızlara kıyasla sert şekerlerin higroskopitelerinin önemli ölçüde azalmasını sağlamıştır (P

WOS: 000446972000027 PubMed: 29549531 We evaluated the effects of dietary epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the performance, biochemical parameters, and liver histopathology of fluoride-intoxicated broiler chickens. In total, 160 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross PM3 strain) were collected and assigned to four groups (40 animals each), with four replicates. The control group received a basal diet; the F group received 800mg/kg fluoride; the EGCG group received 400mg/kg EGCG; and the EGCG+F group received 400mg/kg EGCG and 800mg/kg fluoride. The live weight (LW) of F-treated chicks was significantly lower than that of the controls. In the F-treated groups, feed intake (FI) and LW values were lower, but the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher than those of the controls. The ratio of heart weight to LW was found to be the highest in the F-treated groups. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in the F-treated groups were significantly higher, whereas the increase in total cholesterol levels was insignificant than those in the control group. In the EGCG+F group, AST, total cholesterol, and TOS levels decreased to a level comparable to those in the control group. Histopathological evaluation revealed that there were mild changes in the portal region in the EGCG+F group; additionally, there was an improvement in liver morphology in the EGCG+F group compared to that in the F group. Thus, EGCG has potent antioxidant and regenerative effects that can ameliorate the detrimental effects of fluoride toxicity on blood parameters and the liver. Scientific Research Fund in the University of KirikkaleKirikkale University [2014/126] This research was supported by the Scientific Research Fund in the University of Kirikkale (Project No: 2014/126).

In this study, 20 fish taken from Sapanca Lake, Sakarya River and Western Black Sea (Karasu) in total and heavy metal accumulation (Cu, Fe abd Zn) in the muscles of 15 species was determined with ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectometer) device. When the results were examined, Cu, Fe and Zn concentration was determined to be 2.60-5.31 mu g/g, 0.25-54.36 mu g/g and 13.66-47.11 mu g/g respectively in fish samples. In addition, the same procedures were applied with the standard reference material DORM-3 reference material (Fish Protein Certified Reference Material for Trace Metals) to determine the accuracy of the method. As a result, it has been determined that the amount of heavy metals contained in the analyzed fish samples is below the limit values provided by the Turkish Food Codex, Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization and therefore consumption of these does not constitute a threat to health.

KISA, Ucler/0000-0002-8131-6810; WOS: 000334500000008 PubMed: 24615553 This study investigated effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E on performance, biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress induced by copper toxicity in broilers. A total of 240, 1-day-old, broilers were assigned to eight groups with three replicates of 10 chicks each. The groups were fed on the following diets: control (basal diet), vitamin C (250 mg/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg/kg diet), vitamin C + vitamin E (250 mg/kg + 250 mg/kg diet), and copper (300 mg/kg diet) alone or in combination with the corresponding vitamins. At the 6th week, the body weights of broilers were decreased in copper, copper + vitamin E, and copper + vitamin C + vitamin E groups compared to control. The feed conversion ratio was poor in copper group. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activities, iron, copper concentrations, and erythrocyte malondialdehyde were increased; plasma vitamin A and C concentrations and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were decreased in copper group compared to control. Glutathione peroxidase, vitamin C, and iron levels were increased; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and copper levels were decreased in copper + vitamin C group, while superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and vitamin E concentrations were increased; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were decreased in copper with vitamin E group compared to copper group. The vitamin C concentrations were increased; copper, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and malondialdehyde were decreased in copper + vitamin C + vitamin E group compared to copper group. To conclude, copper caused oxidative stress in broilers. The combination of vitamin C and vitamin E addition might alleviate the harmful effects of copper as demonstrated by decreased lipid peroxidation and hepatic enzymes. Kirikkale University Research FundKirikkale University [2008/40] Financial support for this Project (Project No. 2008/40) was provided by the Kirikkale University Research Fund.

WOS: 000339740200001 PubMed: 25136602 This study investigated the effects of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone and in combination on performance, some biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin, and antioxidant vitamin status in Wistar rats. Forty-eight male rats were assigned to four groups, consisting of 12 rats with 3 replicates. Control received balanced rat diet without oil, cocoa butter group received 3.5% cocoa butter, sunflower oil group received 3.5% sunflower oil, the last group received 1.75% sunflower oil + 1.75% cocoa butter supplementation in the rat diet for 8 weeks. The total feed consumption in sunflower oil group was statistically lower than in the other groups. The serum creatinine level was decreased in cocoa butter group compared to control. Triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels were decreased in only sunflower oil and only cocoa butter groups as compared to control. The level of Ig M was statistically lower in cocoa butter and cocoa butter + sunflower oil groups than in control and sunflower oil groups. There were no statistically important difference in vitamin concentrations among trial groups. It was concluded that the supplementation of cocoa butter in diet decreased Ig M level, while the supplementation of cocoa butter and sunflower oil alone decreased the triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels. Kirikkale University Scientific Research Coordination UnitKirikkale University [2009/7] This study was supported by Kirikkale University Scientific Research Coordination Unit (Project no. 2009/7). This study was presented as an abstract at the 3rd National Congress of Laboratory Animal Science, Kayseri, September 26-28, 2013.

PubMed: 18819556 The aim of this study is to determine the effect of levamisole and levamisole-trichlorfon combination on isolated sheep trachea. Contraction was achieved with levamisole concentrations (10-8-10-3 M) on tracheal strips of adult sheep (>1 year of age). Pretreatment with trichlorfon (10-7 M)-levamisole (10-7 M) decreased the pD2 and Emax of Ach when compared to levamisole pretreatment (p?0.01). Pretreatment with levamisole (10-7 M), decreased the Emax (p?0.01) and pD2 (p

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of traffic pollution on some haematological parameters, lipid peroxidation and osmotic resistance of erythrocyte in cattle. In the study, totally 38 cattle, living 300 m away (study group, n = 24) and 2.5 km away from the main road (control group, n = 14), were used. Some blood parameters, erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and osmotic resistance were determined in the blood samples taken from the animals. MDA levels of the study group were significantly higher (P, Bu çalışma, trafik kirliliğinin sığırlarda bazı hematolojik parametreler, lipid peroksidasyonu ve eritrosit ozmotik direnci üzerine olan etkilerinin araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada ana yola 300 m uzaklıkta yaşayan (araştırma grubu, n=24) ve ana yola 2.5 km uzaklıkta yaşayan (kontrol grubu, n=14) toplam 38 sığır kullanıldı. Hayvanlardan alınan kan örneklerinde bazı kan parametreleri, eritrositte lipid peroksidasyonunun bir indikatörü olan malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi ve eritrosit ozmotik direnci belirlendi. Araştırma grubunda bulunan hayvanlarda MDA düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu (P

Bu calisma, in vitro kosullarda kadmiyum, bakir ve kursunun follikuler ve luteal evredeki izole inek uterus kasilmalari uzerine olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaci ile yapildi. Calismada; Kirikkale mezbahasinda kesilen saglikli Holstein irki ineklerin myometrial seritleri kullanildi. Bu seritler, izole organ banyosuna 2 g on gerimle asildi. Spontan, 2.5 mIU/ml oksitosin ve 10-6 M prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2 alfa) ile olusturulan kasilmalar uzerine 10-5 M kadmiyum, 10-4 M bakir ve 10-4 M kursunun etkileri degerlendirildi. Kadmiyum, follikuler evrede oksitosin ve PGF2 alfa’nin, luteal evrede ise spontan, oksitosin ve PGF2 alfa’ nin olusturdugu kasilmalarin tum parametrelerini (maksimum ve ortalama amplitud, frekans degerleri) anlamli olarak azaltti. Bakir; follikuler evrede spontan kasilmalarin ortalama ve maksimum amplitud degerlerini, oksitosin kasilmalarinin tum parametrelerini, PGF2 alfa kasilmalarinin frekans ve maksimum amplitud degerlerini dusurdu. Luteal evrede bakir, spontan kasilmalarin maksimum amplitudunu, oksitosin kasilmalarinin frekans ve maksimum amplitudunu, PGF2 alfa kasilmalarinin ortalama ve maksimumum amplitud degerlerini dusurdu. Kursun, follikuler ve luteal evrede PGF2 alfa ve oksitosin kasilmalarinin frekans degerini azaltirken, luteal evrede spontan kasilmalarin ortalama amplitud degerini artirdi. Sonuc olarak; kadmiyum, bakir ve kursunun inek uterusunun kasilma yanitlarini degistirdigi ve buna bagli olarak fertiliteyi etkileyebilecegi kanisina varildi.

The organizations have been looking for a formula of in order to adapt changes. Of the organizations which can change themselves faster would be able to survive as the organizations of the future. The learning organizations are the organizations which are able to catch these fastly the changes and renew themselves by accomplishing necessary transformation when needed. The aim of this study is to explain the effects and contributions on organizational intelligence to organizational learning process, which is located within the integrity of organizational learning process, by theoritical and practical. The first part of this study covers learning concept, learning theories, learning levels, organizational learning process, learning organization structure and learning organization disciplines which are the main concepts of organizational learning. In the second part, before explaining organizational intelligence which is antecedent of organizational learning, intelligence concept, composing intelligence factors, intelligence theories are examined and then organizational intelligence concept, the abilities related to the organizational intelligence and concepts which are related with organizational intelligence are examined, with details and the role of organizational intelligence on learning is tried to explained. In third part the accordance between theory and practise is determined by doing empirical study., Örgütler değişikliklere uyum sağlayabilmek için ayakta kalabilmenin formülünü aramaktadırlar. İşte bu örgütlerden kendilerini daha hızlı bir şekilde değiştirebilenler yarının örgütleri olarak yaşamlarını sürdürebileceklerdir. Öğrenen örgütler bu hızlı değişimi yakalayabilen ve ihtiyaç duyulan dönüşümleri gerektiği anda gerçekleştirerek kendini yenileyebilen örgütlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı öğrenen örgüt yapısında gerçekleşen örgütsel öğrenmenin öncülü olan örgütsel zekâ kavramının örgütsel öğrenme sürecine olan katkısını ve etkisini teori ve uygulamayla destekleyerek açıklamaktır. Bu çalışmanın birinci bölümünde örgütsel öğrenmeye ilişkin temel kavramlar olan öğrenme kavramı, öğrenme teorileri, öğrenme seviyeleri, örgütsel öğrenme süreci, öğrenen örgüt yapısı ve disiplinleri incelenmiş, ikinci bölümünde, örgütsel öğrenmenin öncülü olarak değerlendirdiğimiz örgütsel zekâ kavramına geçmeden evvel zekâ kavramı, zekâyı oluşturan etmenler, zekâ kuramları irdelenecek, ardından örgütsel zekâ kavramı, örgütsel zekâya ilişkin yetenekler ve örgütsel zekâyla ilişkili kavramlar ayrıntılı olarak incelendikten sonra örgütsel zekânın öğrenmedeki rolü ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde konu ile ilgili ampirik bir çalışma yapılarak teoride verilen bilgilerin uygulamadaki mevcut durumla uyumu tespit edilmiştir.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of levamisole on rabbit trachea, the antagonists of levamisole and reveal the relation between trichlorfon and levamisole. The cumulative concentrations of levamisole (10-8 - 10 M) were applied to the tracheal ring of rabbit. Bethanecole, carbachol, acetylcholine, trichlorfon, mecamylamine, atropine and nicotin were also studied with levamisole. Levamisole was without considerable effect alone on rabbit trachea. It was seen that the incubation with levamisole increased the Emax value of acetylcholine (p, Bu araştırmada, levamizolun tavşan trakeası üzerine etkisini belirlemek, levamizolun antagonistlerini saptamak, levamizol ile triklorfon arasındaki ilişkiye açıklık kazandırmak amaçlandı. Levamizol (10-8-10-3 M) birikimli derişimlerde ve 5x10-5M derişimde asetilkolin (Ak), karbakol, betanekol, triklorfon, mekamilamin, nikotin ve atropin ile birlikte değişik terkip ve derişimlerde 82 tavşan trakeası üzerinde çalışıldı. Tavşan trakeası üzerine levamizolun tek başına etkisiz olduğu tespit edildi. Levamizol inkübasyonunun Ak’nın Emax değerini artırdığı (p