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Relevance. Reconstructive periodontal surgery is one of the most effective methods of restoring tooth-supporting apparatus damaged by microbial inflammation and destruction. For this purpose, they use non-resorbable and resorbable biomaterials, which act as a temporary barrier between the tissues with different mitotic potential during early healing. Since the properties of barrier membranes determine the degree of invasiveness and postoperative morbidity, and, finally, the success of the surgery, it is relevant to study the outcomes of periodontal reconstruction with one of the modern collagen membranes cross-linked by ribose.Purpose. To comparatively assess the outcomes of periodontal reconstructions with a resorbable and non-resorbable barrier material.Material and methods. The study is a prospective randomized blind controlled clinical trial. The study included 37 patients (14 men, 23 women) aged 45-65 years, who, after the initial therapy, underwent 62 guided tissue regenerations using e-PTFE and resorbable collagen membrane cross-linked by ribose. The study compared the clinical and radiographic results before and 18 months after the surgery. We evaluated the probing depth (periodontal pocket), gingival recession level, loss of clinical attachment level, width and height of periodontal infrabony defects, gain in clinical attachment level. The material was statistically processed using StatSoft STATISTICA 10.0.1011 for Windows. The statistical unit is a periodontal defect.Results. In the postoperative period, the main (31%) and control (42%) groups exhibited the areas of membrane exposure; 16 periodontal defects, only in the control group, demonstrated the extensive membrane exposure, of which 11 membranes were prematurely removed due to infection of the reconstruction site. In the main group, fibrin allowed exposed area healing in the usual time without medical assistance. After 18 months, the gain in the clinical attachment level was 3.5 mm in the main group versus 2.8 mm in the control group (at p=0.03) with a significant decrease in the probing depth compared to that before treatment; the level of recession also changed positively, although not significantly. The type of periodontal defect (the parameter is higher in three-wall and two-wall defects) appeared to remarkably influence the gain in clinical attachment level.Conclusion. The study evidenced that the resorbable cross-linked collagen membrane demonstrated clinically acceptable outcome of the damaged periodontium reconstruction due to, first of all, increased predictability of the course of the early postoperative period, a significant reduction in morbidity and invasiveness of intervention.

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer represent distinct steps of one pathogenic process. The risk of developing cancer of the stomach is directly proportional to the degree of atrophic changes simultaneously detected in antral segment and in the body of the stomach. The role of immune system in transformation of precancerous diseases into cancer is beyond doubt. During development of the malignant disease, the changes in lipid peroxidation systems – antioxidant defense become significant and contribute to the progression of the tumor and the development of metastases. A simultaneous study of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense indices along with phagocytic activity will allow us to evaluate relative contribution of these processes to development of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Purpose of the present study was to assess correlations between the lipid peroxidation indices, i.e. antioxidant protection, and chemiluminescent activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. Forty patients with chronic gastritis, 22 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and 40 patients with gastric cancer were examined. The control group consisted of 50 practically healthy age-matched volunteers. Evaluation of spontaneous and induced production of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils and monocytes was carried out by chemiluminescent analysis. The parameters of lipid peroxidation/ antioxidant protection were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica v. 8.0 program (StatSoft Inc., USA). The normal distribution of indices was tested using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov method (adjusted by Lillefors). Quantitative indicators, given the normal distribution, were described using the median (Me) and interquartile scatter (Q0.25-Q0.75). To study statistical significance of differences between quantitative characteristics, the Mann–Whitney test was used. To study strength of relationships of these indicators, the Pearson rank correlation coefficient (r) was calculated. The critical significance level (p) when testing statistical hypotheses was taken equal to 0.05. Correlation analysis showed that the weight of positive correlations increases in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, and it decreases in patients with gastric cancer, the strength of the correlation dependence and new relationships appear between chemiluminescent activity of neutrophils and monocytes in a spontaneous and induced state, and the amounts of malonic dialdehyde, enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer we have established the features of correlation patterns between lipid peroxidation/antioxidant protection indices, and activity of neutrophils and monocytes.

В РФ ежегодно регистрируется более 600 тысяч новых случаев рака, из них рак желудка составляет 7,3%. К сожалению, большинство из них пока диагностируют на поздних стадиях. Это связано с тем, что жители страны недостаточно информированы о наличии бесплатных скрининговых программ. Цель нашего исследования – анализ клинико-анамнестических показателей и данных «ГастроПанели» среди взрослого населения Красноярского края для неинвазивной диагностики гастрита и скрининга раннего рака желудка. Материал и методы исследования: В работе приведены результаты комплексного клинико-лабораторного исследования практически здоровых добровольцев, пациентов с хроническим атрофическим гастритом (ХАГ) и раком желудка (РЖ) I-II ст. Исследование проводилось с июня 2019 г. по сентябрь 2019 г., с разрешения локального этического комитета ФИЦ КНЦ СО РАН. Результаты нашего исследования выявили, что больные в возрасте 45 лет и старше, страдающие от болей в эпигастральной области и диспепсии, имеющие в анамнезе болезни желудка, с признаками атрофии по результатам сывороточного пепсиногенового теста входят в группу риска развития раннего рака желудка. Данный подход позволит выявить значительную часть предраковых состояний среди населения для их дальнейшего тщательного обследования.

We examined practically healthy young men (81 in the ages from 17 to 21 years), the students living in the city of Krasnoyarsk, for whom we defined their somatotypes according to V.P. Chtetzov scheme (1978) and component content of the body (fat, muscle and bone) by caliperometry technique. Catecholamine content (CC) in blood lymphocytes was analysed by luminescence-histochemical technique. Medical examination was carried out both in the fasted state, and in an hour after food intake (mixed breakfast). On an empty stomach CC content was practically the same in the young men of all the compared somatotypes. After food intake, CC statistically meaningful increase was revealed only in abdominal somatotype youngsters as compared to the same indices on an empty stomach (p=0.026). In abdominal somatotype we also found considerably higher CC content after food intake in comparison with the other somatotypes: chest (р=0.021), muscle (р=0.022) and inexplicit (р=0.029). Also, in abdominal somatotype, we revealed the highest absolute indices of fatty tissue content in body composition as compared to other somatotypes: chest (р=0.00000002), muscle (р=0.0002), inexplicit (р=0.000007). Considering CC level before and after food intake, we didn't mark any statistically relevant difference between the youngsters with different body mass indices (BMI). This finding could be caused by the following peculiarity of the BMI evaluation: on the one hand, the growth/weight ratio was calculated, on the other hand, body fatty tissue pronouncement wasn't. Besides, it is fatty tissue, which makes one of the most massive target tissues for CC, and therefore it greatly influences and regulates adipocyte functions. The research allows making the conclusion on the role of the expressiveness of body fatty tissue content as considerable factor, which influences CC content after food loads.