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BACKGROUND: Whether circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) high expression was related to the metastatic progress in prostate cancer (PCa) remains explored. This study aimed to provide evidence to elucidate this relationship via the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)-based CTC detection method. METHODS: A total of 71 patients were enrolled and divided into the local PCa group (n=44) and metastatic PCa group (n=27). TERT-based CTC detection (TBCD) was used to detect CTCs. CTCs single-cell sequencing data were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) functional classification and enrichment. RESULTS: The mean ‘TERT(+) CTCs’ number was 6.11±9.63 in the metastatic group and 4.09±3.41 in the local group. GO enrichment analysis for 77 prostate CTCs single-cell sequencing confirmed that proliferation-related terms were enriched in the PSMA-high expression group, and 27 metastasis-related gene panels also had high expression in this group. Then, PSMA antibody was applied to mark the ‘TERT(+) CTCs’. The proportion of patients with ‘TERT(+) PSMA(+) CTCs’ was positively associated with the Gleason score. Furthermore, the proportion of ‘TERT(+) PSMA(+) CTCs’ patients was 48.15% in the metastatic group, significantly higher than 22.72% in the local group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that TERT positive CTCs with high PSMA expression were associated with the PCa metastatic progress.

Актуальность. В настоящее время более 75 % проводимых подземных горных выработок поддерживаются при помощи анкерного крепления. В процессе длительной эксплуатации выработок возникают деформации приконтурного массива пород и элементов крепи. Актуальной научно-практической задачей представляется выявление типовых форм деформаций пород и элементов крепи с целью разработки проектных решений и обоснования параметров крепи при производстве текущего ремонта или восстановления подземных выработок. Цель: разработка проектных решений и обоснование параметров анкерного крепления при ремонте и восстановлении подземных горных выработок. Методы: натурные исследования, статистическая обработка результатов экспериментальных исследований. Результаты. Приведено описание, причины возникновения и формы проявления геомеханических процессов в приконтурном углепородном массиве горных выработок, закрепленных анкерной крепью. На основе длительных натурных наблюдений установлено шесть форм типовых деформаций приконтурного массива. Процесс сводообразования в кровле выработок начинается с разуплотнения приконутрного слоя, которое служит причиной расслоения пород под действием гравитационных сил, а также образования полостей. Отжим угля из боков выработок и вывалы угля происходят в связи с образованием вокруг выработки зон неупругих деформаций, где уголь и породы находятся в несвязанном состоянии и удерживаются в равновесии за счёт сил трения и отпора крепи. Ширина зоны неупругих деформаций зависит от многих факторов. Существенное влияние оказывают ширина выработки и угол внутреннего трения. При увеличении ширины выработки увеличивается коэффициент концентрации напряжений в боках. Разработаны проектные решения по усилению крепления или полной перекрепке поврежденных участков горных выработок при геомеханических процессах локального вывалообразования. Они включают в себя: схему установки, обоснование параметров и номенклатуру применяемых элементов крепи-усиления, технологию работ, список применяемого оборудования. Relevance. More than 75 % of underground mine workings are supported by anchorage nowadays. In the case of long-term mine workings maintenance the deformations of surrounding rock massif and anchoring elements occur. The surrounding rock massif typical forms deformations determination in order to develop the design solutions and substantiate anchorage parameters is currently urgent scientific and practical task. Especially it is important in case of mine workings support repair or recovery stages. The main aim is mine working anchorage design solutions and parameters substantiate during the repair and recovery stages. Methods: field measurements, statistical processing of results. Results. The paper introduces the description, causes of occurrence and manifestation forms of geomechanical processes in surrounding rock massif supported by anchorage. Based on the long-term field measurements six forms of rock massif typical deformations have been established. The roof bridging begins with decompaction of rocks, which causes rocks stratification under the influence of gravity. This results in cavities formation and lower layers separation from upper ones. Because of formation of the plastic deformation zone around mine workings the extraction and dumping coal from walls occur. Coal and rocks are in an unbound state and are kept in balance due to the forces of friction and resistance of the support in the zones of plastic deformations. Its width depends on many factors such as the working width and the internal friction angle. The coefficient of stress concentration in the walls rises up due to growth of mine working widht.

Background The combination of oncolytic viruses (OVs) with immune checkpoint blockades is a research hotspot and has shown good efficacy. Here, we present the first attempt to combine oncolytic herpes simplex virus 2 (OH2) with an anti-SIRPα antibody as an antitumour treatment. Our results provide unique insight into the combination of innate immunity with OV. Methods We verified the polarization and activation of OH2 in RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Subsequently, we evaluated the antitumour ability of OH2 and anti-SIRPα combined therapy in a tumour-bearing mouse model. RNA-seq and Single-cell RNA-seq were used to characterize the changes in the tumour microenvironment. Results The OH2 lysates effectively stimulated RAW264.7 cells to polarize towards the M1 but not the M2 phenotype and activated the function of the M1 phenotype in vitro. In the macrophage clearance experiment, OH2 therapy induced polarization of M1 macrophages and participated in the antitumour immune response in a tumour-bearing mouse model. Treatment with a combination of OH2 and anti-SIRPα effectively inhibited tumour growth and significantly prolonged the survival time of the mice, and this result was more obvious in the mouse model with a larger tumour volume at the beginning of the treatment. These results suggest that combination therapy can more profoundly reshape the TME and activate stronger innate and adaptive immune responses. Conclusions Our data support the feasibility of oncolytic virus therapy in combination with anti-SIRPα antibodies and suggest a new strategy for oncolytic virus therapy.

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters possess a much higher capability to seed metastasis than single CTCs. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is still elusive and no reports have investigated the role of posttranscriptional RNA regulation in CTC clusters. Here, we compared alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) profiles between single CTCs and CTC clusters. 994 and 836 AS events were identified in single CTCs and CTC clusters, separately. About ~20% of AS events exhibited alterations between both cell types. The differential splicing of SRSF6 was a core event that caused AS profiles’ disturbance and made CTC clusters more dangerous. Concerning APA, we identified global 3’ UTRs lengthening in CTC clusters compared with single CTCs. This change was mainly regulated by 14 core APA factors, especially PPP1CA. The altered APA profiles boosted the cell cycle of CTC clusters and reflected that CTC clusters endured less oxidative stress. Our study investigated the posttranscriptional regulation mechanisms in CTC clusters, found that the perturbation of AS and APA contributed to the superiority of CTC clusters compared with single CTCs, and laid the foundation for developing antisense oligonucleotides that inhibit metastasis by reducing CTC clusters.

The Linghu Au deposit is located within the northeastern part of the Xiaoqinling region in the southern margin of the North China Craton. Field investigations, cross-cutting relationships, and mineral paragenetic associations have identified three stages of hydrothermal activity. To determine the origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids, and better understand genesis of the Linghu Au deposit, we have undertaken a series of studies including fluid inclusion and He–Ar–H–O–S–Pb isotope systematics. Fluid inclusion study indicates that the early stage of gold mineralization was characterized by a high-temperature and low-salinity H2O–CO2–NaCl hydrothermal fluids that have δD values of – 82.0 to – 78.6‰ and δ18OH2O values of 5.3 to 6.4‰. The intermediate stage of gold mineralization involved moderate temperature H2O–CO2–NaCl hydrothermal fluids with δD and δ18OH2O values of – 92.7‰ to – 87.9‰ and – 1.4‰ to 0‰, respectively. Pyrite samples from this mineralization stage have 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar ratios of 0.26–0.31 Ra and 2834.7–4300.6, respectively. The last mineralization stage involved (low-temperature and low-salinity NaCl–H2O system of hydrothermal fluids with relatively lower δD values of – 93.1 to – 92.3‰ and δ18OH2O values of – 5.7 to – 5.2‰. Moreover, sulfides in ores yielded δ34S values of – 3.6 to 5.9‰, with an average of 2.65‰. The sulfides have 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 17.101–17.804, 207Pb/204Pb ratios of 15.438–15.554, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios of 37.438–38.654. The results of fluid inclusions and H–O, S–Pb, and He–Ar isotopes indicate that hydrothermal fluids associated with the early stage of mineralization originated from magmatic fluids, with sulfur and lead being derived from both units of the Taihua Group and a Late Triassic magmatic–hydrothermal system. All of these data indicate that the Linghu gold deposit formed as a result of magmatic–hydrothermal mineralizing processes.

The Jidetun deposit is a large porphyry Mo deposit that is located in central Jilin Province, northeast China. The Mo mineralization occurs mainly at the edge of porphyritic granodiorite, as well as the adjacent monzogranite. Field investigations, cross-cutting relationships, and mineral paragenetic associations indicate four stages of hydrothermal activity. To determine the relationships between mineralization and associated magmatism, and better understand the metallogenic processes in ore district, we have undertaken a series of studies incluiding molybdenite Re–Os and zircon U–Pb geochronology, fluid inclusions microthermometry, and C–H–O–S–Pb isotope compositions. The molybdenite Re–Os dating yielded a well-defined isochron age of 168.9 ± 1.9 Ma (MSWD = 0.34) that is similar to the weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 173.5 ± 1.5 Ma (MSWD = 1.8) obtained from zircons from the porphyritic granodiorite. The results lead to the conclusion that Mo mineralization, occurred in the Middle Jurassic (168.9 ± 1.9 Ma), was spatially, temporally, and genetically related to the porphyritic granodiorite (173.5 ± 1.5 Ma) rather than the older monzogranite (180.1 ± 0.6 Ma). Fluid inclusion and stable (C–H–O) isotope data indicate that the initial H 2 O–NaCl fluids of mineralization stage I were of high-temperature and high-salinity affinity and exsolved from the granodiorite magma as a result of cooling and fractional crystallization. The fluids then evolved during mineralization stage II into immiscible H 2 O–CO 2 –NaCl fluids that facilitated the transport of metals (Mo, Cu, and Fe) and their separation from the ore-bearing magmas due to the influx of abundant external CO 2 and heated meteoric water. Subsequently, during mineralization stage III and IV, increase of pH in residual ore-forming fluids on account of CO 2 escape, and continuous decrease of ore-forming temperatures caused by the large accession of the meteoric water into the fluid system, reduced solubility and stability of metal clathrates, thus facilitating the deposition of polymetallic sulfides.

The Xilamulun molybdenum polymetallic metallogenic belt in eastern Inner Mongolia forms one of the most important Mo metallogenic belts in northeastern China. The Dongshanwan porphyry Mo-W polymetallic deposit, in the northeastern part of the Xilamulun metallogenic belt, occurs along the periphery of a granite porphyry and consists of Mo-W-Ag sulfide and oxide disseminations and veinlets in hydrothermal assemblages. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the Dongshanwan granite porphyry yields a crystallization age of 142.15±0.91 Ma, whereas molybdenite Re-Os isotopic dating model ages are of 139.9-141.5 Ma and an isochron age is of 140.5±3.2 Ma (MSWD=1.2). The age consistency indicates that the Dongshanwan deposit was a product of Early Cretaceous magmatism. The Dongshanwan granite porphyry is a high-alkali high-potassium intrusion and has high SiO2 (75.39 wt.%-76.15 wt.%), low Al2O3 (12 wt.%-13 wt.%), Ba, Ti, P, and Sr contents, with negative Eu anomalies. The Y/Nb ratios are comparable to those of average continental crust and island arc basalts, corresponding to type-A2 granites. Our geochemical data indicate that the granite porphyry emplaced in an Early Cretaceous post-orogenic extensional environment following Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic subduction and subsequent continental collision.

The Tianbaoshan Pb–Zn–Cu–Mo deposit is located in the eastern part of Jilin–Heilongjiang region, NE China which is considered to be the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Field and geochronological evidences indicate that this deposit experienced three types of mineralization including Hercynian skarn, cryptoexplosion breccia pipe, and Yanshanian quartz vein. The early stages of the Pb–Zn–Cu mineral systems in skarn and cryptoexplosion breccia pipe are characterized by a high-temperature, high-salinity H2O–CO2–NaCl system of hydrothermal fluids that were possibly exsolved from the Hercynian wall-rock granodiorite. These fluids show H–O isotopic compositions similar to those of typical magmatic fluids. By contrast, the low-temperature hydrothermal fluids of the later stages are represented by low-salinity NaCl–H2O systems with low H–O isotopic values. The skarn and cryptoexplosive breccia pipe types of Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization tend to have weakly negative δ34S values of − 4.0‰ to − 0.8‰ (mean values of − 2.31‰ and − 2.16‰, respectively), indicating that the sulfur was sourced from the Hercynian magma. Therefore, the early stage ore-forming fluids of the skarn and cryptoexplosive breccia pipe were most likely sourced from high-temperature and high-salinity fluids closely related to the cooling and fractional crystallization of the Hercynian granodiorite, while the later stages changed to NaCl–H2O meteoric water influx. Whereas the ore-forming fluids of the quartz vein type of Mo mineralization were high-temperature, high-salinity NaCl–H2O systems that differed from those of the skarn and cryptoexplosion breccia pipe, but their H–O isotopic compositions also indicate a magmatic fluid. The weakly enriched δ34S values of molybdenite from the quartz vein type Mo mineralization (δ34S = 0.2–2.8‰, average of 1.65‰) are comparable with those of other Mesozoic Yanshanian Mo deposits (δ34S = 0.4‰–4.1‰, with an average of 1.39‰–3.15‰), but differ significantly from those of the Hercynian Pb–Zn–Cu skarn and cryptoexplosion breccia pipe. This indicates that the sulfur of quartz vein type of Mo originated from Mesozoic Yanshanian magmatism and that the ore-forming fluids were derived from Yanshanian magmatic rocks rather than being a product of the Hercynian activity. The δ13C values of the fluid inclusions in quartz from the skarn, cryptoexplosion breccia pipe and quartz vein types are in a narrow range of − 19.5‰ to − 9.3‰, similar to those of the Shanxiuling Group, which indicates that the carbon of the three types of mineralization had the same primary origin in the Shanxiuling Group. The lead isotope compositions of ores from the skarn and cryptoexplosion breccia pipe types of mineralization (206Pb/204Pb = 18.0725–18.3627, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.3721–15.5694 and 208Pb/204Pb = 37.5542–38.8208) overlap with those of the Hercynian granodiorite and Shanxiuling Group marble, suggesting that the lead was probably derived from a mix of two different sources, the Shanxiuling Group and the Hercynian granodiorite. Whereas the lead isotope compositions of ores from the quartz vein type of Mo mineralization (206Pb/204Pb = 18.3837–18.6949, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.6824–15.7293 and 208Pb/204Pb = 39.1009–39.1889) are significantly higher than those of the Shanxiuling Group marble and the Hercynian granodiorite. This indicates that the lead may be a product of Yanshanian magmatic activity instead of the nearby Hercynian granodiorite.

Purpose: The number of families who lost their only child was over one million in 2012 in China, and it is growing rapidly every year. Without their only child, they will inevitably worry about their health and life for their later years. It is important to explore the quality of life and influencing factors of the parents.Methods: The cluster sampling method was adopted to select the participants in Wuhu city, Anhui province, central China. The generalized linear regression models were performed to analyze factors influencing EQ-VAS scores.Results: The parents with different monthly income (P = 0.001) and self-rated health status (P < 0.001) had different EQ-VAS scores. Educational level, self-rated health status, number of chronic diseases, depression and having grandchildren were significantly associated with their EQ-VAS score.Conclusion: The government should encourage public medical institutions to provide convenient health management and medical services to this vulnerable group. Priority treatment should be given to the parents who already have multiple diseases. The parents who were depressed should be given timely intervention. The government should give more financial subsidies to the parents who need to raise their grandchildren.

AIM It is forecasted that the figure of families in China who lost their only child will reach 10 million by 2035. Traditional Chinese culture places these families in a particularly disadvantaged position for elderly care. It is quite important to understand the elderly care needs of the parents. METHODS The cluster sampling method was used to select the parents who lost their only child in Wuhu city, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis models were carried out to analyze factors influencing the parents' preferences for elderly care mode and choice of caregivers. RESULTS The Geriatric Depression Scale score (P