Search

Introduction The observation of NEOs allows us to study the physical characteristics of the smallest size bodies of our Solar System as well as to impose constraints on their origin and evolution. Considering that these objects are in unstable orbits over the age of the Solar System, this implies that it is a transient population, which can be asteroids or comets, forming a particularly interesting population to study [1,2]. Important physical properties of atmosphereless bodies can be derived from their phase curves which represent how the object’s brightness varies with the solar phase angle. These properties are based on the understanding that the physical properties of the material present on the object’s surface can be retrieved from the analysis of the scattering of the incident solar radiation. Therefore, we set up an observational campaign in order to determine the phase curve for a large number of NEOs, deriving their absolute magnitude, H, and the G1 and G2 parameters. Together, these two parameters can provide information about composition, texture, and roughness properties [3]. Observations and results In order to obtain the physical parameters of NEOs, we set up an observational campaign since 2017 to derive phase curves of these objects. Considering all objects observed in our campaign, taken from works [4,5,6] and Arcoverde et al., (submitted), we analyzed a homogeneous dataset of 32 NEOs. The data were mainly acquired at the Astronomical Observatory of Sertão de Itaparica (Brazil), with some NEOs also observed at the Osservatorio di Campo Imperatore (Italy). Then, using data from the dual-band photometry phase curves of NEOs and MB, acquired by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System Survey [7,8] telescopes, we analyzed the behavior in G1 vs G2 of 21,865 MB and 105 NEOs. The objects were separated into three bands of albedo - low, medium and high - and three bands of diameter - less than 10 km, greater than 10 km, but less than 50 km and greater than 50 km. Analyzing the large sample of MB, we found evidence that the distribution in phase space G1 - G2 has a strong dependence not only on the albedo but also on the size of the object, as shown in figure 1. Objects with D > 10km correspond to the behavior expected [9], and occupy specific regions in the phase space according to the albedo. Figure 1: G1, G2-distributions for three diameter ranges of MB objects, from the ATLAS dual-band photometry asteroid phase curve catalog, observed in cyan (blue adjustment) and orange (red adjustment). The black line corresponds to the linear fit of the sample with the slop value shown, and the dashed line corresponds to the linear fit with the 93 MB of work [9], for comparison. This size dependence on the G1 - G2 phase space is particularly true for smaller objects. As our NEOs are an even smaller population than the MB's, we cannot estimate the albedo of small objects from their phase curve parameters, as shown in Figure 2, from the distribution of our 105 NEOs in the G1 - G2 phase space. Obviously, a larger dataset of very small MB objects is needed to confirm whether the behavior mentioned above is specific to NEOs or to all very small bodies in the Solar System. Figure 2 : G1, G2-pairs for MB

Este artigo buscou demonstrar que a cirurgia para a retirada da catarata em pessoas com o diagnóstico de Alzheimer traz importante melhora na acuidade visual e cognição destes pacientes. A DA é uma condição neurodegenerativa associada ao declínio de funções executivas, cognitivas, de linguagem e memória, que impacta negativamente na qualidade de vida, especialmente por poderem apresentar alterações visuais. A catarata relacionada à idade é uma das principais causas de cegueira reversível cirurgicamente e que acomete a população idosa, de modo que o número de cirurgias aumenta a cada ano e também sua associação com a doença de Alzheimer. A cirurgia de catarata tem pontos positivos, como melhora da acuidade visual, da função cognitiva e maior autonomia. Com base nas literaturas, certificou-se que a cirurgia de catarata em pessoas com Alzheimer contribui para a melhora da acuidade visual do paciente e de suas habilidades cognitivas. Porém, há poucos estudos que relacionam diretamente a catarata e a DA, e ainda faz-se necessário maior investigação sobre os riscos e benefícios da cirurgia de catarata em pacientes com Alzheimer.

Several GWAS reported Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 C (MEF2C) gene associations with white matter microstructure and psychiatric disorders, and MEF2C involvement in pathways related to neuronal development suggests a common biological factor underlying these phenotypes. We aim to refine the MEF2C effects in the brain relying on an integrated analysis of white matter and psychiatric phenotypes in an extensively characterized sample. This study included 870 Brazilian adults (47% from an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder outpatient clinic) assessed through standardized psychiatric interviews, 139 of which underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan. We evaluated variants in the MEF2C region using two approaches: 1) a gene-wide analysis, which uses the sum of polymorphism effects, and 2) SNP analyses, restricted to the independent variants within the gene. The outcomes included psychiatric phenotypes and fractional anisotropy for brain images. Results: The gene-wide analyses pointed to a nominal association between MEF2C and the Temporal Portion of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (SLFTEMP). The SNP analysis identified four independent variants significantly associated with SLFTEMP and one (rs4218438) with Substance Use Disorder. Our findings showing specific associations of MEF2C variants with temporal-frontal circuitry components may help to elucidate how the MEF2C gene underlies a broad range of psychiatric phenotypes since these regions are relevant to executive and cognitive functions.

Kombucha é uma bebida resultante da fermentação de chás de Camellia sinensis, destacando- se o apelo de saudabilidade e potencial efeito benéfico sobre algumas enfermidades. Informações equivocadas e incertezas podem induzir os consumidores à compra da bebida. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil de conhecimento e percepções do consumidor sobre a bebida kombucha, visando contribuir para o entendimento deste público. Foi realizada uma pesquisa por meio de questionário aplicado entre os meses de fevereiro e março de 2021. Participaram 347 pessoas as quais responderam perguntas que abordaram dados socioeconômicos- comportamentais, e perguntas voltadas ao conhecimento e hábito de consumo da bebida kombucha. Os dados do estudo foram descritos em variáveis categóricas por número e porcentagem. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos respondentes eram do sexo feminino (84,7%), trabalhavam (74,9%), e tinham pós-graduação (52,2%). Os participantes acreditam que a bebida traz benefícios à saúde (81,1%) e possui probióticos em sua composição (74,1%). A maioria dos respondentes declaram conhecer a bebida. Verificou-se que o perfil consumidor é formado por mulheres, trabalhadores, de classe média que afirmam que a bebida traz benefícios à saúde. Conclui-se que são necessários mais estudos, principalmente em humanos, para esclarecer os benefícios da bebida.

Objective: to assess evidence available in the literature about the use of sedation and analgesia for intratracheal intubation of newborns. Data sources: by means of an integrative literature review, the authors looked for evidence related to the theme from the last ten years, indexed in the Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs, Scielo, and Scopus databases, by combining the descriptors: newborn, intratracheal intubation, and analgesia. Articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish that met the research purpose were included. Data summary: After applying the eligibility criteria, ten articles on the topic were obtained, predominantly narrative reviews, retrospective studies, observational studies, and only one non-randomized clinical trial, which characterizes the literature related to the topic as having a low level of scientific evidence. There is still no consensus in the literature on which medications and indications are for use in non-elective intubations, despite the ethical recommendation. Discussion: pain and its deleterious effects should not be neglected. Neonatal Intensive Care Units should have their own protocols regarding sedation and analgesia for intubation considering the individual characteristics of each patient. There is an ethical recommendation regarding the use of sedation and analgesia for intubation since it is a known painful procedure.

Some active asteroids have been proposed to be the result of impact events. Because active asteroids are generally discovered serendipitously only after their tail formation, the process of the impact ejecta evolving into a tail has never been directly observed. NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission, apart from having successfully changed the orbital period of Dimorphos, demonstrated the activation process of an asteroid from an impact under precisely known impact conditions. Here we report the observations of the DART impact ejecta with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) from impact time T+15 minutes to T+18.5 days at spatial resolutions of ~2.1 km per pixel. Our observations reveal a complex evolution of ejecta, which is first dominated by the gravitational interaction between the Didymos binary system and the ejected dust and later by solar radiation pressure. The lowest-speed ejecta dispersed via a sustained tail that displayed a consistent morphology with previously observed asteroid tails thought to be produced by impact. The ejecta evolution following DART's controlled impact experiment thus provides a framework for understanding the fundamental mechanisms acting on asteroids disrupted by natural impact., accepted by Nature

Background Older individuals with dementia have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a lack of in-depth evaluation of mortality trends using both the underlying cause of death (UCOD) and the multiple causes of death (MCOD) approaches. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dementia-related deaths considering comorbidities and the place of death. Methods This retrospective, population-based study was conducted in Veneto, Italy. All the death certificates of individuals aged ≥65 years issued from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed for dementia-related mortality using age-standardized sex-stratified rates of dementia as UCOD and MCOD. Excess in monthly dementia-related mortality in 2020 was estimated by applying Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. Results Overall, 70 301 death certificates reported dementia (MCOD proportional mortality: 12.9%), and 37 604 cases identified it as UCOD (proportional mortality: 6.9%). In 2020, the MCOD proportional mortality increased to 14.3% whereas that of UCOD remained static (7.0%). Compared to the SARIMA prediction, MCOD increased by 15.5% in males and 18.3% in females in 2020. Compared to the 2018–19 average, deaths in nursing homes increased by 32% in 2020, at home by 26% and in hospitals by 12%. Conclusions An increase in dementia-related mortality during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic could only be detected using the MCOD approach. MCOD proved to be more robust, and hence, should be included in future analyses. Nursing homes appeared to be the most critical setting which should guide establishing protective measures for similar situations.

Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem sobre o uso de controle biológico aplicando a ação de bactérias contra Corynespora cassiicola (Bert & Curt) Wei pois este é um dos principais fitopatógenos de propagação aérea que limita a produtividade das solanáceas. A utilização de bactérias no controle de doenças em solanáceas é uma metodologia em difusão, pois o biocontrole de fitopatógenos realizado por bactérias pode ocorrer por diferentes mecanismos como a inibição por antibióticos, o parasitismo, a competição pelo espaço físico ou a indução de resistência da planta ao ataque de patógenos. Esta pesquisa visou selecionar, identificar e avaliar in vitro e in planta bactérias antagonistas com potencial para desenvolvimento de um bioproduto que contribua para o desenvolvimento agrícola sustentável de tomate. As coletas e os testes in planta foram realizadas na Estação Experimental de Hortaliças Dr. Alejo von Der Pahlen, KM 14 da estrada AM 010 (S: 02° 59’ 45,7” e W: 60° 01’ 22,3”). Os testes in vitro foram realizados na Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. Os resultados indicam que o Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, apresentou 75,73% de inibição do C. cassiicola in vitro e 56% de controle da mancha-alvo quando comparado ao Microbacterium resistens e a Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nos testes em tomateiro.

A depressão está diretamente relacionada com quadros de alterações psicopatológicas diversas, porém diferenciam-se consideravelmente em relação à sintomatologia, gravidade, curso e prognóstico. O aparecimento e a presença de transtornos psiquiátricos no período reprodutivo são comuns em mulheres e seu tratamento no ciclo gestacional é complexo, necessitando tomada de decisões clínicas difíceis. Sabe-se também que o período perinatal é desencadeador ou reativador de quadros depressivos assim como a depressão pós-parto que se inicia durante a gestação e não é reconhecida. O acompanhamento do obstetra durante o pré-natal é essencial para o reconhecimento de sintomas que permitam intervenções precoces e para prevenção dos quadros mais graves. Apesar da morbidade associada às doenças psiquiátricas, existe uma prevalência em se evitar o uso de psicofármacos durante a gestação. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou por meio de revisão de artigos e a análise dos dados, procurar evidenciar os riscos e benefícios do uso de antidepressivos no período gestacional, bem como de alguma forma, procurar identificar os mais indicados para uso nesse período. Palavras chaves: depressão, antidepressivo, gravidez.

This study aimed to evaluate the morphogenic and structural characteristics and the population stability index of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) tillers when the pasture was submitted to two stocking methods during grazing cycles. The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with repeated measurements over time (n=6 cycles), two treatments (stocking methods) and three area replicates. In the continuous stocking method, the highest population density of tillers was observed. The highest tiller weight occurred in the rotational stocking method. The morphogenic variables and the other structural variables were not altered by the stocking methods and showed differences during the grazing cycles. The tiller population stability index was similar in the two pasture management strategies, and both can be used for ryegrass management considering this parameter.

Este projeto de estudo apresenta fundamentações sobre Agronegócio do município de Nova Mutum - MT, com relação a tecnologia computacional utilizada pelas colheitadeiras de grãos nas propriedades rurais. A descrição e organização do trabalho permite a compreensão da importância da tecnologia para o agronegócio bem como para todo o progresso do município. Já o uso da tecnologia das máquinas no plantio e colheita de grãos configuram-se como ferramentas significativas, ampliando a produtividade, fator indispensável no agronegócio, convém frisar que o uso de tais ferramentas (maquinário agrícola) não só no plantio, manutenção como na colheita resultam no aumento da qualidade e eficiência de todo o processo. O objetivo geral do estudo consiste em verificar o desenvolvimento do agronegócio a partir do uso de tecnologia em máquina no plantio e colheita de grãos em propriedades rurais no município nos últimos cinco anos. Os objetivos específicos relacionam-se a identificar as características das fazendas que utilizam a tecnologia de máquinas como ferramentas de auxílio no plantio e colheita de grãos; identificar as melhorias que a tecnologia proporcionou ao agronegócio para os produtores rurais; verificar se a implementação e uso da tecnologia de máquinas na colheita trazem resultados positivos relacionados a redução de custos sobre a mão de obra, agilidade e eficiência no resultado final.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most paradoxical elements, both having diverse practical uses, as well as being extremely toxic to humans, and especially to children. The use of Pb records a steady growth with annual production currently exceeding 10 million metric tons. In spite of the environmental awareness of modern society, humans are still exposed to Pb through its emission by smelting and mining activities, and also by Pb-bearing mine wastes and soils. Here, we review the chemical and mineralogical forms of Pb generated from smelting and mining processes and subsequently altered in tailings, slag piles, and soils. In smelter plumes, Pb is emitted to the atmosphere either in the form of smaller nano-size particulate matter (PM) often associated with S, or larger micrometer Pb-bearing PM matter accompanied by oxide-silicate matrices. Pb-bearing phases in mine tailings and impacted soils depict a greater mineralogical and chemical complexity than those emitted from smelters and the larger particle size of this PM also leads to a lower Pb bioavailability. High resolution observations in aquatic system, soils and rock coatings impacted by smelting and mining activities show the presence of Pb-bearing phosphates, sulfides, sulfates, carbonates, and oxide nanoparticles. Larger micrometer size particles of Pb-bearing minerals form often through the aggregation of Pb-bearing nanoparticles, a process commonly referred to as crystallization through particle attachment. Mobilization of Pb within soil columns is strongly affected by the transport of colloids, especially those composed of organic matter and Fe-hydroxides because Pb is taken up efficiently by these two soil components. The extraordinary variability and complexities of all of these processes suggest that future reduction of Pb contamination in the environment and its impact on human health mainly depends on eliminating or greatly reducing Pb-release from smelting operations and tailings impoundments.

Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a conformidade das ações realizadas pelas diversas atividades do setor de turismo, em relação aos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável (Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs) definidos pela Organização das Nações Unidas, presentes no documento Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals – Journey to 2030. Por meio de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando uma amostragem não-probabilística por conveniência, foi realizada uma pesquisa para verificar a percepção dos estudantes de cursos de turismo (técnico, tecnólogo ou bacharel) representando nove Estados do Brasil. Como resultados constatou-se que o quesito que apresentou a menor conformidade (as ações do setor estão aquém do necessário) foi “acabar com a pobreza em todas as suas formas em todos os lugares” e a afirmativa considerada a que apresenta uma maior contribuição das atividades das empresas de turismo foi “garantir educação de qualidade, inclusiva e equitativa, e promover a aprendizagem ao longo de toda a vida para todos”. Em relação a todos as SDGs, verificou-se que ainda é necessário mais comprometimento e esforço por parte dos envolvidos na cadeia produtiva do setor de turismo, para minimizar os impactos negativos e ampliar a contribuição em todos os aspectos relacionados à sustentabilidade.

This article investigates experimentally and theoretically the adsorption of Basic Red 46 cationic dye (BR46) using activated carbon generated from cactus fruit peels (ACCFP). The prepared adsorbent was characterized by different analytical tools showing a good surface for the uptake of pollutants. A maximum batch adsorption capacity of 806.38 mg g

The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on September 26, 2022 as a planetary defense test. DART was the first hypervelocity impact experiment on an asteroid at size and velocity scales relevant to planetary defense, intended to validate kinetic impact as a means of asteroid deflection. Here we report the first determination of the momentum transferred to an asteroid by kinetic impact. Based on the change in the binary orbit period, we find an instantaneous reduction in Dimorphos's along-track orbital velocity component of 2.70 +/- 0.10 mm/s, indicating enhanced momentum transfer due to recoil from ejecta streams produced by the impact. For a Dimorphos bulk density range of 1,500 to 3,300 kg/m$^3$, we find that the expected value of the momentum enhancement factor, $\beta$, ranges between 2.2 and 4.9, depending on the mass of Dimorphos. If Dimorphos and Didymos are assumed to have equal densities of 2,400 kg/m$^3$, $\beta$= 3.61 +0.19/-0.25 (1 $\sigma$). These $\beta$ values indicate that significantly more momentum was transferred to Dimorphos from the escaping impact ejecta than was incident with DART. Therefore, the DART kinetic impact was highly effective in deflecting the asteroid Dimorphos., Comment: accepted by Nature

EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB is a new multi-disciplinary user-facility that is currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of the INFN in the framework of the EuPRAXIA collaboration. The electron beam will be accelerated by an X-band normal conducting linac followed by a Plasma WakeField Acceleration (PWFA) stage. It will be characterized by a small footprint and it will drive two FEL beamlines for experiments, one in the VUV (50-180 nm) and the other in the XUV-soft x-rays (4-10 nm) spectral region. As an ancillary beamline, we are also including a betatron source in the x-ray from laser-plasma interaction. We present the status update of our facility.

Activated carbons (ACs) have been used in bygone years in environmental applications because of their high efficiency in many remediation and degradation processes. Due to their many desirable properties, such as chemical stability, inertness, mechanical resistance, high surface area, porosity, low cost, and availability, ACs have been explored as auxiliary materials in many new catalysis applications employing new process intensification technologies, or in the form of composites. In this chapter, AC's state of the art is explored while discussing the main methods for its production from several distinct carbon sources. The effects of AC in environmental remediation catalysis assisted by microwave and ultrasound methods are presented, and the mechanisms behind the synergistic effects occurring in these processes are discussed. In sequence, the synthesis and preparation of novel AC composites and their application in the removal of emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pesticides, microplastics, and endocrine disruptors are presented in detail, unveiling the ultimate key role and relevance of AC in 21st-century environmental catalysis.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar, con base en la economía de la experiencia, la calidad percibida y las experiencias vivenciadas por los visitantes en un emprendimiento de turismo rural. La investigación fue descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo y no probabilístico intencional, en la que se empleó el grupo focal. Para analizar los datos recogidos, se usó el Sofware Iramuteq, que contribuyó con las técnicas de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente y el Análisis de Similitud de palabras. Por medio de la técnica del grupo focal, los participantes interactuaron y socializaron su conocimiento. Se pudo constatar que los constructos de la economía de la experiencia permiten identificar detalles de la satisfacción de los visitantes por medio de la experiencia vivenciada.

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is widely used for editing genes in various organisms and is a very useful tool due to its versatility, simplicity, and efficiency. To teach its principles to post-graduate students we designed a laboratory activity to obtain and analyze PDS3 mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana plants consisting of: 1) Design of guide RNAs using bioinformatics tools; 2) plant transformation (which is optional depending on the length of the course); 3) observation and evaluation of the mutant's phenotypes in the Phytoene desaturase (PDS3) gene, which exhibit an albino phenotype and different degrees of mosaicism in the editing events we evaluated; 4) PCR amplification of a fragment that includes the mutated region followed by analysis of single-stranded DNA conformation polymorphisms (SSCP) using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver nitrate staining to detect changes in the amplicon sequence due to gene editing. Through SSCP, the students were able to distinguish between homozygous and heterozygous edited plants. A highlight feature of this protocol is the visualization and detection of the mutation/edition without sequencing the edited fragment.

A erosão dentária é uma doença multifatorial e influenciada por hábitos pessoais e estilos de vida. Ela é caracterizada pela perda progressiva de tecido dentário devido a processos químicos sem envolvimento bacteriano. Os fatores desencadeantes desta alteração podem ser provenientes de fontes extrínsecas (frutas e bebidas ácidas e comprimidos de vitamina C) ou intrínsecas (vômitos recorrentes resultantes de desordens psicológicas, fisiológicas ou alimentares). O tratamento da erosão inicia-se pelo diagnóstico e tratamento médico e, após seu controle, a reabilitação dos dentes afetados. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um caso de erosão dental generalizada onde foi realizado a reabilitação estética e funcional de todos os elementos dentários acometidos com resina composta. O caso está em acompanhamento odontológico há quatro meses e a paciente apresentou melhora perceptível da saúde bucal e estética, aumento da autoestima e satisfação com o resultado.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential allelopathic effects of isolated or intercropped aqueous forage extracts on the physiological performance of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and corn (Zea mays L.) seeds, as well as their phytotoxicity to the weed species Bidens pilosa L. Aqueous extracts were prepared at a concentration of 5%, and the tests with soy and corn were conducted by wetting the germination papers with different treatments and performing procedures within the standards of the Brazilian Rules of Seed Analysis. Tests with the cover plant extracts on the seeds of B. pilosa used BOD-type repetitions. Fifty weed seeds were placed in a gerbox with filter paper moistened with the different treatments with five repetitions. Distilled water was used as the control in all tests. Extracts of Avena strigosa Schreb and Raphanus sativus L. (radish), cultivated individually and in combination, increased the seed germination percentage (%G) and the length of soybean seedlings. Similarly, extracts of Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br and Crotalaria spectabilis Roth, in individual and combined cultivation, provided gains in corn %G. Furthermore, all tested extracts suppressed germination and decreased the speed of the germination index of the hairy beggarticks when compared to the control, with the radish extract showing the greater reduction effect on the %G of the weed plant B. pilosa. Highlights: The use of Crotalaria as a cover crop has a positive effect on the initial growth of corn. The use of black oat and forage radish intercropped had the potential to increase soybean yield. The use of cover crops contributes to the integrated management of weeds. The choice of cover plant is important for the success of crop rotation.

Aniba rosaeodora Ducke é uma espécie de alta relevância na indústria da perfumaria. A exploração excessiva, frutificação irregular e altos índices de predação de frutos, principalmente por insetos, situam a Aniba rosaeodora na lista de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência da análise de imagens radiográficas em sementes predadas por Heilipus odoratus e a influência dos danos no processo de germinação e formação de plântulas. As sementes cotiledonares foram submetidas ao teste de raios X na intensidade de 35 kV por 10 segundos e a predação foi analisada por meio das imagens radiográficas com o software Imagej2®, estabelecendo-se as categorias: danos pequenos (≤ 25%); danos moderados (> 25% - ≤ 50%) e danos severos (> 50%). O teste de raios X permitiu detectar que sementes com orifícios não necessariamente estavam sendo predadas no seu interior. Apesar de perdas na reserva cotiledonar pela predação, as sementes ainda conseguem emitir raízes se o eixo embrionário não for atingido, porém, as possibilidades de emitir a parte aérea se reduzem drasticamente conforme o aumento dos danos. Concluiu-se que o teste de raios X foi eficiente para confirmar a predação sem afetar o processo de germinação e que a análise de imagens é uma ferramenta adequada para mensurar os danos provocados por Heilipus odoratus.

Os estudos geomorfológicos têm, como base, a avaliação da forma e composição das vertentes, sendo instrumentos fundamentais para planos de gestão, que visem à utilização racional do ambiente. A partir do surgimento e difusão dos Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) e o aprimoramento das geotecnologias, a obtenção e processamento de dados contendo atributos do relevo passou a ser um procedimento de fácil acesso, permitindo classificar e descrever de forma quantitativa as formas da superfície da Terra. Trabalhos de mapeamento geomorfológicos em municípios têm sido desenvolvidos, buscando uma maior integração das informações científicas com a comunidade sobre influência direta da universidade. O presente trabalho segue a proposta de integração com as comunidades regionais, através da análise geomorfológica do município de São Martinho da Serra/RS. Para a elaboração da compartimentação geomorfológica, foram levantados e analisados dados sobre a hidrografia, altitudes, declividade, elementos de relevo (geomorphons), litologias e tipos de solos. Os parâmetros foram interpretados com base em uma abordagem sistêmica e a validação deu-se através de trabalhos de campo. O município de São Martinho da Serra, foi segmentado em seis compartimentos geomorfológicos: Unidade Taquarembó; Unidade Lajeadinho; Unidade Guassupizinho; Unidade Durasnal; Unidade Serra de São Martinho e Unidade Ponte do Ibicuí. Os trabalhos que se preocupam com a descrição geomorfológica são importantes ferramentas, que, aplicadas de maneira correta, possibilitam um ordenamento e um planejamento eficaz do espaço geográfico.

A real industrial efuent from the pre-treatment and painting processes was polished through adsorption using alternative biochar derived from grape pomace wastes. The biochar was produced in a pilot-scale plant from composted grape pomace. Biochar showed an equilibrium between acidic and basic groups on the surface. The presence of irregular cavities in the structure and mesopores was confrmed by analyzing N2 physisorption and SEM. Concerning the efuent, Ni and Zn were the main problematic elements. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of Ni and Zn from the efuent using the biochar could be represented by the Henry, pseudo-frst-order, and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 60 min for Ni and Zn present in the real efuent. Besides, the adsorption process was endothermic, favorable, and spontaneous. These results demonstrate that Zn and Ni metals were successfully removed from the industrial efuent, presenting fnal concentration values within the limit of legislation for efuent disposal in agricultural soil.

© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, Tryptophyllins constitute a heterogeneous group of peptides that are one of the first classes of peptides identified from amphibian's skin secretions. Here, we report the structural characterization and antioxidant properties of a novel tryptophyllin-like peptide, named PpT-2, isolated from the Iberian green frog Pelophylax perezi. The skin secretion of P. perezi was obtained by electrical stimulation and fractionated using RP-HPLC. De novo peptide sequencing was conducted using MALDI MS/MS. The primary structure of PpT-2 (FPWLLS-NH2 ) was confirmed by Edman degradation and subsequently investigated using in silico tools. PpT-2 shared physicochemical properties with other well-known antioxidants. To test PpT-2 for antioxidant activity in vitro, the peptide was synthesized by solid phase and assessed in the chemical-based ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays. Then, a flow cytometry experiment was conducted to assess PpT-2 antioxidant activity in oxidatively challenged murine microglial cells. As predicted by the in silico analyses, PpT-2 scavenged free radicals in vitro and suppressed the generation of reactive species in PMA-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. We further explored possible bioactivities of PpT-2 against prostate cancer cells and bacteria, against which the peptide exerted a moderate antiproliferative effect and negligible antimicrobial activity. The biocompatibility of PpT-2 was evaluated in cytotoxicity assays and in vivo toxicity with Galleria mellonella. No toxicity was detected in cells treated with up to 512 µg/ml and in G. mellonella treated with up to 40 mg/kg PpT-2. This novel peptide, PpT-2, stands as a promising peptide with potential therapeutic and biotechnological applications, mainly for the treatment/prevention of neurodegenerative disorders., This work was financed by FEDER - Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020 - Operacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031158 – PTDC/BII-BIO/31158/2017. The authors would like to thank the participation and scientific support of the Unit projects UIDB/50006/2020 | UIDP/50006/2020, and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Universal Faixa ‘B’ (grant number 32103/2018-0). A.P. is a recipient of a post-doctoral grant from the project PTDC/BII-BIO/31158/2017. The authors would like to thank the researcher Roberto Resendes (CiBio, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal) for the logistical support in the collection of samples. C.P.A acknowledges FCT-MCTES fellowship PD/BD/136860/2018. A.B.-N. and F.C.D.A.L. acknowledge CNPq (grants 420449/2018-3 and 428211/2018-6) for financial support.