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Двухфазные стали это современные высокопрочные сплавы, применяемые для изготовления конструкций и силовых элементов автомобильных кузовов. Сочетание прочности и пластичности, а также обедненный легирующими элементами состав делают их экономически выгодным материалом для производства облегченных конструкций, в частности в автомобилестроении. Механический отклик двухфазных сталей обусловлен распределением деформаций и напряжений между ферритной и мартенситной фазами, а также отдельными зернами и субзернами этих фаз. Таким образом, изучение влияния микроструктурных особенностей на глобальные и локальные механические свойства имеет первостепенное значение для разработки новых марок двухфазных сталей. Микромеханика двухфазных сталей довольно подробно изучена методами компьютерного моделирования, в то время как численные инструменты и экспериментальные методы для описания и моделирования реальной трехмерной микроструктуры таких сложных материалов появились совсем недавно. В статье проведено компьютерное моделирование в рамках теории пластичности кристаллов для трехмерной двухфазной микроструктуры, полученной методом EBSD-томографии (3D electron backscatter diffraction). Использован метод послойного EBSD-анализа. Срезы трехмерной микроструктуры выступают в качестве двумерных моделей для изучения влияния такого упрощения на распределение напряжений и деформаций. Моделирование проводили с использованием феноменологической модели пластичности кристаллов и спектрального метода, реализованного в программном комплексе DAMASK для моделирования современных материалов., Dual phase steels are advanced high strength alloys typically used for structural parts and reinforcements in car bodies. Their good combination of strength and ductility and their lean composition render them an economically competitive option for realizing multiple lightweight design options in automotive engineering. The mechanical response of dual phase steels is the result of the strain and stress partitioning among the ferritic and martensitic phases and the individual crystallographic grains and subgrains of these phases. Therefore, understanding how these microstructural features influence the global and local mechanical properties is of utmost importance for the design of improved dual phase steel grades. While multiple corresponding simulation studies have been dedicated to the investigation of dual phase steel micromechanics, numerical tools and experiment techniques for characterizing and simulating real 3D microstructures of such complex materials have been emerged only recently. Here we present a crystal plasticity simulation study based on a 3D dual phase microstructure which is obtained by EBSD tomography, also referred to as 3D EBSD (EBSD electron backscatter diffraction). In the present case we utilized a 3D EBSD serial approach based on mechanical polishing. Moreover, sections of the 3D microstructure are used as 2D models to study the effect of this simplification on the stress and strain distribution. The simulations are conducted using a phenomenological crystal plasticity model and a spectral method approach implemented in the Düsseldorf Advanced Material Simulation Kit (DAMASK).

Summary Association of dysregulated calcium homeostasis and granulomatous disease is well established. There exist reports in the literature of granulomatous reactions produced by silicones associated with hypercalcemia. In this case series we report four young women that underwent methacrylate injections in gluteus, thighs and calves that developed granulomas with posterior appearance of hypercalcemia. This complication presented as subacute around 6 months after the procedure. The four patients have as common elements the presence of moderate to severe renal insufficiency, suppressed PTH and elevated calcitriol levels for the degree of renal function. In the image studies, two patients presented in the nuclear magnetic resonance of the gluteus hypodense nodular images compatible with granulomas. Two patients had a positron emission tomography performed showing increased metabolic activity in the muscles of the gluteal region compatible with granulomas. Two patients had a partial surgical resection of the gluteal lesions with the finding of methacrylate associated to foreign body granulomas. In these patients hypercalcemia was treated with oral or local injections of corticoids, intravenous bisphosphonates or ketoconazole with good response. Although the prevalence of this complication with methacrylate injection is not common, hypercalcemia secondary to granulomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with hypercalcemia when there is a history of this procedure, and especially if they have a reduction in their renal function.

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Marrakech, Morocco, 2013

This report is based on a ten-week program on "Gluons and the quark sea at high-energies", which took place at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Seattle in Fall 2010. The principal aim of the program was to develop and sharpen the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a facility that will be able to collide electrons and positrons with polarized protons and with light to heavy nuclei at high energies, offering unprecedented possibilities for in-depth studies of quantum chromodynamics. This report is organized around four major themes: i) the spin and flavor structure of the proton, ii) three-dimensional structure of nucleons and nuclei in momentum and configuration space, iii) QCD matter in nuclei, and iv) Electroweak physics and the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Beginning with an executive summary, the report contains tables of key measurements, chapter overviews for each of the major scientific themes, and detailed individual contributions on various aspects of the scientific opportunities presented by an EIC.

Proceedings of ISMD08, Comment: Edited by: J. Bartels, K. Borras, G. Gustafson, H. Jung, K. Kutak, S. Levonian, and J. Mnich

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Forward Physics and QCD, Comment: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Forward Physics and QCD, 549 pages replaced to include list of conveners

A number of hard exclusive scattering processes can be described in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and perturbative hard-scattering kernels. Both the physical amplitude and the hard-scattering kernels fulfill dispersion relations. We show that their consistency at all orders in perturbation theory is guaranteed if the GPDs satisfy certain integral relations. These relations are fulfilled thanks to Lorentz invariance., Comment: 5 pages, Talk presented at the 12th Workshop on High Energy Spin Physics (DSPIN-07), Dubna, Russia, September 3--7, 2007

This study examines the contribution of a personality variable in motivation losses in group performance. Differences in the endorsement of the ‘Protestant Work Ethic’ can account for variance in motivation losses in group work. Male student scores on the Mirels- Garrett Protestant Work Ethic Scale and Ho’s Australian Work Ethic Scale as well as different preferences for reward distributions were used as moderator variables. The study tested motivation losses in a situation that was designed to provoke the free-rider effect and in a situation that was designed to provoke the sucker-effect. Results showed that different facets of the Protestant Work Ethic have different effects on behavior in group work situations: Whereas approval of the equity principle moderates the sucker-effect, belief in work as a value moderates the free-rider effect.

Diffractive reactions involving a hard scale can be understood in terms of quarks and gluons. These reactions have become a valuable tool for investigating the low-x structure of the proton and the behavior of QCD in the high-density regime, and they may provide a clean environment to study or even discover the Higgs boson at the LHC. In this paper we give a brief introduction to the description of diffraction in QCD. We focus on key features studied in ep collisions at HERA and outline challenges for understanding diffractive interactions at the LHC., Comment: 23 pages, 26 figures. Contributed to the Proceedings of the Workshop on HERA and the LHC, DESY and CERN, 2004-2005

We study the exclusive reactions pi- p -> l+ l- n and pi+ n -> l+ l- p$ in view of possible future experiments with high-intensity pion beams. For large invariant mass of the lepton pair l+ l- and small squared momentum transfer to the nucleon these are hard-scattering processes providing access to generalized parton distributions. We estimate the cross section for these reactions, explore their connection with the pion form factor, and discuss the role they can play in improving our understanding of the relevant reaction mechanisms., 13 pages, 5 figures

We show that the CKM phase $2 ��+��$ can be extracted from measurement of the time dependent rates in the decays $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{(*)\pm} M^\mp$ and $B^0 \to D^{(*)\pm} M^\mp$, where $M=a_0$, $��(1300)$, $b_1$, $a_2$, $��_2$, $��_3$. These channels have a large asymmetry between decays of $\bar{B}^0$ and $B^0$ into the same final state. Even though the branching ratios are small, their sensitivity to $��$ can be competitive with decays into $D^{(*)}$ and $(��,��,a_1)$., 5 pages, some clarifications and references added

We investigate the soft handbag contribution to two-photon annihilation into pion or kaon pairs at large energy and momentum transfer. The amplitude is expressed as a hard gamma gamma -> q qbar subprocess times a form factor describing the soft transition from q qbar to the meson pair. We find the calculated angular dependence of the cross section in good agreement with data, and extract annihilation form factors of plausible size. A key prediction of the handbag mechanism is that the differential cross section is the same for charged and neutral pion pairs, in striking contrast with what is found in the hard scattering approach., 17 pages, latex, 4 Figures. v2: extended discussion of soft and hard contributions, results unchanged. To appear in Phys. Lett. B

We discuss two aspects of polarisation in hard exclusive meson production: the leading-twist selection rule for the meson helicity, and the different partial waves of a (pi pi)-pair which may or may not be due to the decay of a rho., Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at the Workshop on Exclusive and Semiexclusive Processes at High Momentum Transfer, Jefferson Lab, May 1999. Remark added on the transition from two gluons to a pion pair

We consider pion pair production in two-photon collisions, gamma* gamma -> pi+ pi-, at large photon virtuality Q^2 and center-of-mass energy \sqrt{s} in the hard-scattering picture. In the limit where s is large but s << Q^2 we derive an expression for the two-pion light-cone distribution in terms of the conventional pion distribution amplitudes. Our result reproduces the well-known scaling behavior, helicity selection rule and symmetry relations in this regime., 14 pages, 4 figures

Exclusive two-pion production near threshold in the collision of a highly virtual photon with a real one offers a new possibility to unravel the partonic content of hadrons. We explain the dynamics of this regime, i.e. the separation of the amplitude in terms of partonic diagrams computable in QCD perturbation theory and generalized distribution amplitudes, which are nonperturbative functions describing the exclusive transition of a parton pair into two hadrons. The same quantities also appear in gamma* N -> pi pi N in the kinematical regime where the momentum transfer of the nucleon and the invariant mass of the pion pair are both small; this allows to extend the QCD analysis of exclusive rho electroproduction outside the resonance region of the two produced pions., 4 pages, 2 figures, talk given at INPC'98

We perform a QCD analysis of exclusive two-meson production in gamma* gamma collisions in the kinematical domain of large photon virtuality Q^2 and small hadronic invariant mass W^2. In these kinematics the amplitude factorizes into a perturbative subprocess gamma* gamma -> q qbar and a two-meson distribution amplitude. This opens the way to study new hadronic matrix elements related with the physics of hadronization and confinement., 5 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at PHOTON 99, Freiburg, Germany, 23-27 May 1999. Eq. (8) corrected

We explain why the time ordering in the definition of non-diagonal parton distributions can be omitted and discuss the physics implications., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e. Talk given at the International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and QCD (DIS 98), Brussels, Belgium

Hadron pair production gamma* gamma -> h hbar in the region where the c.m. energy is much smaller than the photon virtuality can be described in a factorized form, as the convolution of a partonic handbag diagram and generalized distribution amplitudes which are new non-perturbative functions describing the exclusive fragmentation of a quark-antiquark pair into two hadrons. Scaling behavior and a selection rule on photon helicity are signatures of this mechanism. The case where h is a pion is emphasized., 8 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX2e

I review some recent developments in the QCD description of elastic vector meson production, focusing on issues like the meson wave function, the gluon density in the proton, factorisation, the use of parton-hadron duality and the nonperturbative vacuum., Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX2e, 3 figures included using epsf.sty. Talk given at the Ringberg Workshop on New Trends in HERA Physics, Ringberg Castle, Germany, 25-30 May 1997

We show how one can measure anomalous WWZ- and WWgamma-couplings with minimal statistical error using integrated observables, without having to assume that the anomalous couplings are small. We propose a parametrisation of these couplings which is well suited for the extraction of both single and many parameters, and which leads to a very simple form of the integrated cross section, from which additional information on the couplings can be obtained., 30 pages, Latex2e, 2 figures included using epsfig.sty

We present the results obtained by the "Triple Gauge Couplings" working group during the LEP2 Workshop (1994-1995). The report concentrates on the measurement of $WW\gamma$ and $WWZ$ couplings in $e^-e^+\to W^-W^+$ or, more generally, four-fermion production at LEP2. In addition the detection of new interactions in the bosonic sector via other production channels is discussed., Comment: 52 pages, LaTeX, 17 PostScript figures. To appear in "Physics at LEP2", G. Altarelli and F. Zwirner eds., CERN Report 1996. Conveners: G. Gounaris, J.-L. Kneur, D. Zeppenfeld

We report on investigations concerning the production of large transverse momentum jets in DIS diffractive dissociation. These processes constitute a new class of events that allow for a clean test of perturbative QCD and of the hard (perturbative) pomeron picture. The measurement of the corresponding cross sections might possibly serve to determine the gluon density of the proton., Comment: 6 pages, latex, 6 figures included (needs epsfig.sty), To appear in the proceedings of the Workshop "Future Physics at HERA"

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Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignancy of the parathyroid glands, and is the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in fewer than one percent of cases. Symptoms are mainly due to local compression or hypercalcaemia secondary to markedly elevated parathyroid hormone levels. A minority of patients remain asymptomatic. Mediastinal parathyroid cysts are infrequent and may or may not be functioning. We present an 84-year-old woman with a giant functioning cystic parathyroid carcinoma located in the middle mediastinum. We performed a thorough MEDLINE and LILACS database search on published cases of parathyroid carcinoma and functioning parathyroid cysts, and found no case report with identical features to the one presented here.

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Bucharest, Romania, 2012

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Marrakech, Morocco, 2013

© IFAC. The Airborne Wind Energy paradigm proposes to generate energy by flying a tethered airfoil across the wind flow at a high velocity. While Airborne Wind Energy enables flight in higher-altitude, stronger wind layers, the extra drag generated by the tether motion imposes a significant limit to the overall system efficiency. To address this issue, two airfoils with a shared tether can reduce overall system drag. A study proposed in Zanon et al. (2013) confirms this claim by showing that, in the considered scenario, the dual-airfoil system is more advantageous than the single-airfoil one. The results computed in Zanon et al. (2013) however, do not model the interaction between the airfoils and the airmass. In this paper, the impact of the airfoil-airmass interaction on the extracted power is studied. As this phenomenon is complex to model, a blade element-momentum approach is proposed and the problem is solved by means of optimal control techniques. ispartof: pages:5814-5819 ispartof: Proc. of the 19th IFAC World Congress vol:47 issue:3 pages:5814-5819 ispartof: IFAC 2014 location:Cape Town, South Africa date:Aug - Aug 2014 status: published

This report is based on a ten-week program on "Gluons and the quark sea at high-energies", which took place at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Seattle in Fall 2010. The principal aim of the program was to develop and sharpen the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a facility that will be able to collide electrons and positrons with polarized protons and with light to heavy nuclei at high energies, offering unprecedented possibilities for in-depth studies of quantum chromodynamics. This report is organized around four major themes: i) the spin and flavor structure of the proton, ii) three-dimensional structure of nucleons and nuclei in momentum and configuration space, iii) QCD matter in nuclei, and iv) Electroweak physics and the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Beginning with an executive summary, the report contains tables of key measurements, chapter overviews for each of the major scientific themes, and detailed individual contributions on various aspects of the scientific opportunities presented by an EIC., Comment: 547 pages, A report on the joint BNL/INT/Jlab program on the science case for an Electron-Ion Collider, September 13 to November 19, 2010, Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle; v2 with minor changes, matches printed version

Lam et al. characterize a novel hematological/autoinflammatory disorder due to a de novo recurrent missense mutation of CDC42. The authors use in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses to correlate the molecular mechanisms altering CDC42 function to the observed phenotype., Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by immune dysregulation due to inadequate restraint of overactivated immune cells and is associated with a variable clinical spectrum having overlap with more common pathophysiologies. HLH is difficult to diagnose and can be part of inflammatory syndromes. Here, we identify a novel hematological/autoinflammatory condition (NOCARH syndrome) in four unrelated patients with superimposable features, including neonatal-onset cytopenia with dyshematopoiesis, autoinflammation, rash, and HLH. Patients shared the same de novo CDC42 mutation (Chr1:22417990C>T, p.R186C) and altered hematopoietic compartment, immune dysregulation, and inflammation. CDC42 mutations had been associated with syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. In vitro and in vivo assays documented unique effects of p.R186C on CDC42 localization and function, correlating with the distinctiveness of the trait. Emapalumab was critical to the survival of one patient, who underwent successful bone marrow transplantation. Early recognition of the disorder and establishment of treatment followed by bone marrow transplant are important to survival., Graphical Abstract

Background and PurposeA nontraditional form of exercise recently applied for patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is boxing training. The primary purpose of this case series is to describe the effects of disease severity and duration of boxing training (short term and long term) on changes in balance, mobility, and quality of life for patients with mild or moderate to severe PD. The feasibility and safety of the boxing training program also were assessed.Case DescriptionsSix patients with idiopathic PD attended 24 to 36 boxing training sessions for 12 weeks, with the option of continuing the training for an additional 24 weeks (a seventh patient attended sessions for only 4 weeks). The 90-minute sessions included boxing drills and traditional stretching, strengthening, and endurance exercises. Outcomes were tested at the baseline and after 12, 24, and 36 weeks of boxing sessions (12-, 24-, and 36-week tests). The outcome measures were the Functional Reach Test, Berg Balance Scale, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, Timed “Up & Go” Test, Six-Minute Walk Test, gait speed, cadence, stride length, step width, activities of daily living and motor examination subscales of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale, and Parkinson Disease Quality of Life Scale.OutcomesSix patients completed all phases of the case series, showed improvements on at least 5 of the 12 outcome measures over the baseline at the 12-week test, and showed continued improvements at the 24- and 36-week tests. Patients with mild PD typically showed improvements earlier than those with moderate to severe PD.DiscussionDespite the progressive nature of PD, the patients in this case series showed short-term and long-term improvements in balance, gait, activities of daily living, and quality of life after the boxing training program. A longer duration of training was necessary for patients with moderate to severe PD to show maximal training outcomes. The boxing training program was feasible and safe for these patients with PD.

We look at a stochastic online scheduling problem where exact job-lenghts are unknown and jobs arrive over time. Heuristics exist which perform very well, but do not extend to multi-stage problems where all jobs must be processed by a sequence of machines. We apply Learning Automata (LA), a Reinforcement Learning technique, successfully to such a multi-stage scheduling setting. We use a Learning Automaton at each decision point in the production chain. Each Learning Automaton has a probability distribution over the machines it can chose. The difference with simple randomization algorithms is the update rule used by the LA. Whenever a job is finished, the LA are notified and update their probability distribution: if the job was finished faster than expected the probability for selecting the same action is increased, otherwise it is decreased. Due to this adaptation, LA can learn processing capacities of the machines, or more correctly: the entire downstream production chain.