1. Lossless watermarking of categorical attributes for verifying medical data base integrity
- Author
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Gouenou Coatrieux, C. Roux, Régis Beuscart, Emmanuel Chazard, Télécom Bretagne (devenu IMT Atlantique), Ex-Bibliothèque, Département Image et Traitement Information (ITI), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Department of Medical Information and Archives, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
- Subjects
Lossless compression ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Information retrieval ,Medical Records Systems, Computerized ,Property (programming) ,Relational database ,Computer science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Watermark ,02 engineering and technology ,Watermarking ,computer.software_genre ,Histogram ,Data integrity ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Humans ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Data mining ,Digital watermarking ,computer ,Categorical variable ,Algorithms ,Computer Security - Abstract
International audience; In this article, we propose a new lossless or reversible watermarking approach that allows the embedding of a message within categorical data of relational database. The reversibility property of our scheme is achieved by adapting the well known histogram shifting modulation. Based on this algorithm we derive a system for verifying the integrity of the database content, it means detecting addition, removal or modification of any t-uples or attributes. Such a content integrity check is independent of the manner the database is stored or structured. We illustrate the overall capability of our method and its constraints of deployment considering one medical database of inpatient hospital stay records. Especially, we reversibly watermark ICD-10 diagnostic codes.
- Published
- 2011