The article considers general conditions of realisation of intellectual capital. It reveals indicators of the sphere of employment, that influence efficient use of intellectual capital, compared to education indicators. Realisation of intellectual capital could be increased only under conditions of the growth of the level of employment of graduates of educational establishments, expansion of possibilities of employment by specialty, which is ensured by interaction at different levels with the employment sphere. The article identifies mechanisms that mediate governing impacts on intellectual capital. Such mechanisms in the sphere of employment are: interaction of the sphere of education and employment when training specialists, forms of organisation of labour, conditions of labour, mobility of labour and flexibility of the labour market, traditions and type of corporate culture, qualitative composition of employees and the state of the social sphere. The sphere of employment is responsible for bringing the intellectual capital into action and transformation of the nominal intellectual capital into the real one. Search fir forms of employment, most adequate to the higher education and nature of intellectual labour, serves as a prospect of further research for Ukraine.