171 results on '"Dansi A"'
Search Results
2. Ethnobotany and perceptions on the value of taro (Colocasia esculenta) among farmers in Benin Republic
- Author
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Natacha Julienne Quenum Z., Lava Kumar P., O. Akoroda Malachy, Dansi Alexandre, Raju Vetukuri Ramesh, and Bhattacharjee Ranjana
- Subjects
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2023
3. Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus is at risk of extinction in Benin: a result of its poaching for belief-based use and decreasing food availability
- Author
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Clément DABONÉ, Jacques Boco ADJAKPA, Mathias Fanou DANSI, Lindy J. THOMPSON, Florent Essin DISSOU, and Peter D. M. WEESIE
- Abstract
In recent years, the situation of Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus in West Africa has gone sour. However, in some restricted area in this region the species is still found in relative abundance. To find out more about the situation in West Africa, we set out to assess and ascertain the status of the Hooded Vulture in Northern Benin. We conducted road counts, on paved and unpaved roads and along small trails over a total length of 1451 km linking a total of 33 towns and townships. While the road counts were being conducted, we also explored and examined potential threats in Hooded Vultures based on interviews conducted with local abattoir watchmen, veterinarians, butchers and foresters. A total of 52 Hooded Vultures were counted mostly in the departments of Atacora (32) but also in Alibori (10) and Borgou (10). The relative abundance was four Hooded Vultures per 100 km, highlighting the near extirpation of this bird from Benin. A total of 49 interviews revealed that poaching for belief-based use (through shooting, and traps) and decreasing food availability remain the most important threats for Hooded Vultures in Northern Benin. If these threats are not mitigated, we predict the extirpation of the Hooded Vulture in the years ahead in Benin. Conservation measures including awareness campaigns, and the improvement and enforcement of legislation to guarantee the protection of Hooded Vultures, must be urgently implemented for their conservation.
- Published
- 2023
4. Assessment of proximal, mineral composition and content of vitamin A and C of leaves and flowers from Lippia multiflora vegetable in Benin
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Wilfrid Djengue Hihoto, Adjatin Arlette, Djehoue Rock, Bonou-gbo Zaki, Tiburce Odjo Codjo, Com Koukpo Zinsou, Jacques Fassinou Arsène, Tiko Gérard, Ahissou Hyacinthe, and Dansi Alexandre
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Genetics ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Molecular Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
5. Within-field crop diversity and landscape complexity decrease the abundance of fall armyworm larvae in maize cropping systems
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Anicet Gbèblonoudo Dassou, Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Joelle Toffa, Charlemagne Gbèmavo, Naéssé Adjahossou, Cyrille Tchakpa, Lakpo K. Agboyi, Antoine Sanon, Alexandre Dansi, and Thierry Brévault
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Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2023
6. Diversity of white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundataPoir.) cultivars from Benin as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SNP markers
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Robert Asiedu, Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, E. Dadonougbo, Asrat Asfaw, Y. Muyideen, A.G. Dassou, Patrick Adebola, R. Idossou, A.P. Agre, A. A. Gbaguidi, Jean M. Mondo, and Alexandre Dansi
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White guinea yam ,biology ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Dioscorea rotundata ,Snp markers ,Genotype ,Genetic structure ,Botany ,Genetics ,Dioscorea ,Cultivar ,human activities ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
White Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundataPoir.) is indigenous to West Africa, a region that harbours the crop's tremendous landrace diversity. The knowledge and understanding of local cultivars’ genetic diversity are essential for properly managing genetic resources, conservation, sustainable use and their improvement through breeding. This study aimed to dissect phenotypic and molecular diversity of white yam cultivars from Benin using agro-morphological and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Eighty-eight Beninese white Guinea yam cultivars collected through a countrywide ethnobotanical survey were phenotyped with 53 traits and genotyped with 9725 DArT-SNP. Multivariate analysis using phenotypic traits revealed 30 traits as most discriminative and explained up to 80.78% of cultivars’ phenotypic variation. Assessment of diversity indices such as Shannon–Wiener (H′), inverse Shannon (H.B.), Simpson's (λ) index and Pilou evenness (J) based molecular and phenotypic data depicted a moderate genetic diversity in Beninese white Guinea yam cultivars. Genetic differentiation of cultivars among country production zones was low due to the high exchange of planting materials among farmers of different regions. However, there was high genetic diversity within regions. Hierarchical clusters (HCs) on phenotypic data revealed the presence of two groups while HCs based on the SNP markers and the combined analysis identified three genetic groups. Our result provided valuable insights into the Beninese white Guinea yam diversity for its proper conservation and improvement through breeding.
- Published
- 2021
7. Termites and maize crops: assemblage composition, damage level, and varietal sensitivity in contrasting agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin
- Author
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Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Joelle Toffa, Azize Orobiyi, Dieudonné Martin Gavoedo, Alexandre Dansi, Manuele Tamò, and Yves Roisin
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Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2021
8. Agromorphological characterization of scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) grown in the Republic of Benin
- Author
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Agre A. Paterne, Dadonougbo Eric, Aguessy Scholastique, Agbangla Cl ement, dossou Roger, Dassou G. Anicet, Dansi Alexandre, and Loko Yêyinou Laura Estelle
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Horticulture ,location ,biology ,Breeding program ,Fruit weight ,location.country ,Randomized block design ,Scarlet eggplant ,Genetic variability ,Solanum ,biology.organism_classification ,Bénin Republic - Abstract
The scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) is an African traditional vegetable grown for its edibles leaves and fruits, which can contribute to food security in Republic of Benin. However, very little information is available on the genetic variability of this vegetable for varietal improvement purposes. Sixty accessions of scarlet eggplants collected throughout 52 villages in Benin republic were characterized using 34 (10 qualitative and 24 quantitative) variables. The experiment was laid out using complete randomized block design with three replications on the experimental site of Massi. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis revealed 18 discriminating quantitative variables. A strong correlation was observed between plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter, fruit weight and number of seeds per fruit. A cluster phenogram divided the 60 accessions into three groups corresponding to Kumba (Cluster 1), Gilo (Cluster 2), and Shum groups (Cluster 3). These groups differed by the number of seeds per fruit, weight of fruits, diameter of fruits, number of fruits per plant, plants height at flowering stage, plants length, and plant width. Accessions Samibi, Ikangougou, Kannan and Yetchanmiye with the highest fruit weight per plant can be used as parents in the framework of a scarlet eggplant breeding program in Republic of Benin. Key words: Benin, accessions, traits diversity, breeding program.
- Published
- 2021
9. Genetic diversity in Colocasia esculenta and Xanthosoma mafaffa in Togo, West Africa
- Author
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Akouèthê Agbogan, Koffi Tozo, Michael T. Abberton, Yao Dodzi Dagnon, Alexandre Dansi, Komi Odah, Oluyemi Titilola Akintayo, Damigou Bammite, Peter Joseph Matthews, and Paterne Agre
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new cocoyam ,Genetic diversity ,Xanthosoma mafaffa ,QH301-705.5 ,Botany ,Horticulture ,Biology ,SSR ,West africa ,Colocasia esculenta ,Togo ,QK1-989 ,Crop diversity ,taro ,Biology (General) - Abstract
Taro and new cocoyam are root and leaf crops commonly grown in tropical to warm temperate regions. In Togo, they are neglected and underutilised. Here we report the genetic diversity of 26 accessions of taro and 101 accessions of new cocoyam. Analysis of simple sequence repeats revealed low polymorphic information content of 0.43 and 0.25 in taro and new cocoyam, respectively. PCA scatterplots and Neighbour Joining dendrograms based on the SSR data clustered accessions into groups that more-or-less correspond to morphological diversity in both species. AMOVA within and between morphological groups revealed greater variances within groups than between. This indicates weak genetic differentiation between morphological groups, particularly for taro. Genetic diversity was greater among taro cultivars. Taro has a longer history of introduction and dispersal in Africa, and has had more opportunity for multiple introduction and local cultivar development. Different strategies are suggested for future development of these crops in Togo and Africa. For taro, further studies of existing diversity and recent experimental introduction, has spread widely in Africa with little genetic diversity. For this crop, international collaboration is needed to clarify taxonomy, and to introduced further cultivars for evaluation under local conditions in Africa.
- Published
- 2021
10. On-Farm Management of Soybean (Glycine max) Varietal Diversity in Southern and Central Regions of the Republic of Benin
- Author
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Joelle Toffa, Rolande Okpeicha, Antif Agolo, Alexandre Dansi, Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin, Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Dieudonné Gavoedo, Azize Orobiyi, and David Montcho
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Food security ,business.industry ,location.country ,Biodiversity ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Plant ecology ,location ,Agricultural science ,Geography ,Agriculture ,Sustainability ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Productivity ,Legume ,Food Science ,Bénin Republic - Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) is a legume that contributes to food security and poverty reduction in Benin. Unfortunately, its culture is subject to several undocumented constraints that contribute to decline in productivity and a loss of diversity. Therefore, documentation of production constraints, varietal diversity seed system and traditional uses of soybeans in main production area of Benin Republic is necessary for its conservation and sustainable use. To fill these gaps, 57 villages were prospected in southern and central Benin using the tools and techniques of participatory research such as individual surveys using a questionnaire and field visits. A total 445 soybean producers were surveyed in the study area. The results show that soybean local nomenclature and local taxonomy were mainly based on seeds size. Thirty-five soybean local varieties were recorded corresponding to 7 varieties differentiated by morphological seed characteristics. The number of soybeans local varieties ranged from 1 to 4 per village. Farmers have abandoned some soybean local varieties and the main reasons for abandonment were agronomics. Eight varietal preference criteria were identified in the study area with high yield and seed size being important. The ravages of hares and rabbits were the main constraints to soybean production in both region. The soybean seed system was essentially informal. Various uses (food, feed and commercial) of soybeans, which underlie its conservation in traditional Beninese agriculture, have been recorded. As part of the development of conservation strategy of an existing soybean diversity in southern and central Benin, morphological and molecular characterization were recommended.
- Published
- 2021
11. Using semi-latin square design for screening and comparison of local and improved Zea maize varieties tolerant to climate change in centre of Benin (West Africa)
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Adjahossou Naesse, Gbaguidi A. Anicet, Moussa A. Alio, Gbemavo D. S. J. Charlemagne, Dansi A. Alexandre, Assota Bonanventure, and Laly Judicael
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Crop ,Agronomy ,Latin square ,Climate change ,Context (language use) ,Plant Science ,Climatic variability ,Biology ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Zea mays ,Biotechnology ,West africa - Abstract
The demographic pressure in Benin has led to an increase in demand for cereals, in particular maize (Zea mays L.), which constitutes the staple diet for the populations. Yet, in this context of climatic variability, the environmental conditions greatly limit the yields of this crop. The purpose of this study was to compare the agro-morphological characteristics of nine (09) local and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays L.) by screening the most efficient and promising varieties which better meet the agro-ecological conditions of the district of Djidja (southern Benin). To more control sol homogeneity, semi-Latin square design with three repetitions was used as experimental design during the trial. Twelve agro-morphological characters selected from the maize descriptors were used to compare the varieties. The results showed that the agro-morphological characteristics varied significantly depending on the varieties studied except for the emergence rate. The improved variety IWD SYN W was the best tolerant variety to climate change for cultivation in the municipality of Djidja comparatively to the other eight varieties. These results can directly support the maize productivity programs in southern Benin.
- Published
- 2021
12. Hétérogénéité génétique et résistance des vecteurs du paludisme (Anopheles gambiae s.l) aux insecticides en zone cotonnière au Benin
- Author
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Sahidou Salifou, Gorgias Aïkpon, Rock Aïkpon, Antoine Abel Missihoun, Alexandre Dansi, Antoine Lokossou, and Clément Agbangla
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0301 basic medicine ,Genetic diversity ,education.field_of_study ,Anopheles gambiae ,030231 tropical medicine ,Population ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Vector (epidemiology) ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Anopheles coluzzii ,Malaria vector ,Malaria control ,education ,Malaria - Abstract
La résistance des vecteurs du paludisme aux insecticides utilisés dans la lutte anti vectorielle est un obstacle majeur pour les programmes nationaux de lutte contre le paludisme. La présente étude avait pour but d’évaluer la diversité génétique des populations de Anopheles gambiae et la résistance aux insecticides (mutation Kdr et Ace-1) en zone cotonnière au Bénin. Deux méthodes de capture ont été utilisées pour la collecte d’échantillon. La capture sur appât humain et la récolte de la faune résiduelle matinale par spray. La PCR SINE a permis de distinguer deux espèces jumelles et d’obtenir les différents génotypes pour les deux gènes. Deux espèces du complexe An. gambiae s.l ont été trouvées en sympatrie (Anopheles coluzzii et Anopheles gambiae). La résistance kdr et Ace-1 connaissent un flux saisonnier. L’allèle résistant du gène kdr est fixé dans la population de vecteurs (Fis>0). Par contre, un déficit de l’allèle résistant est noté au niveau du gène Ace-1 (Fis 0). Moreover, a deficit of the Ace-1 resistance allele was observed (Fis
- Published
- 2020
13. Protocolo para extração de clorofila de mudas de hortaliças
- Author
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Carlos Humberto D. Pirovani, Sávio da Silva Berilli, Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues, Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, and Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi
- Published
- 2022
14. Modelling current agro-ecological zones for the cultivation of Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax, a neglected and underutilized yam species in Benin (West Africa)
- Author
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A. Gbaguidi, Judicael Laly, Alexandre Dansi, Z. Assani, Dossou Seblodo Judes Charlemagne Gbemavo, and Rodrigue Idohou
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0106 biological sciences ,Ecological niche ,Resource (biology) ,Ecology ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,West africa ,Dioscorea dumetorum ,Dioscorea ,Ecosystem ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Yam species (Dioscorea spp.) constitute important staple foods for local communities in Sub-Saharan in Africa. Among yam species, Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax, commonly consumed, has been reported to be among the most nutritious and well-appreciated local resource although it remains neglected and underutilized species in Benin. Here, we combined occurrence records and environmental data (bioclimatic and soil data) in ecological niche models to assess the suitable areas for the two locally acknowledged varieties of the species: the cultivated and the wild varieties. Results showed that the potential cultivable area of the cultivated variety is twofold, the one of the wild variety. Seven and five of the eight agro-ecological zones of Benin are potentially suitable for the cultivation of the cultivated variety and the wild variety, respectively. Differences in the two varieties of ranges could result from the adaptation of each variety to local conditions reinforced by intrinsic characteristics of each variety. These results constitute an important step towards scaling up the species valorization while developing conservation programs for both varieties. Further genetic investigation and field experiments could shed light on the origin of the differences between these two forms.
- Published
- 2020
15. Physico-chemical and Microbiological Characterizations of the Leaf and Flower Powder of Lippia multiflora Moldenk, a Leaf Vegetable Consumed in Benin
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J. Hougbénou Houngla, A. Tossougbo, H. W. Djengue, G. Agbankpé, A. Adjatin, Alexandre Dansi, and Z. Bonou gbo
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Lippia ,Horticulture ,Materials Chemistry ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
Background: Lippia multiflora Moldenk is a shrub that is present in Benin. It is used as nutritious food and its leaves and flowers are rich in mineral salts and especially vitamin A and C. Also, these leaves and flowers transformed into powders, are sold and used to flavor sauces and for other purposes. Aim/Objectives: Our work aims to provide consumers with information on the sanitary and hygienic quality of the powders from the leaves and flowers of Lippia multiflora in order to determine their shelf life. Methods: The study was carried out on three different powders, namely leaf-based powder; those from the flowers and those purchased from the sellers. Physico-chemical analyses and microbiological evaluation were made on these different powders at different dates for 18 months to see the growth of the microorganisms in these powders. Results: These analyses revealed that the means of the physico-chemical parameters in the leaf-based powders, the flowers and those sampled are respectively: water content (7.42%; 9.89% and 11.67%); ash content (15.83%; 10.77% and 6.52%); pH (7.25; 6.22 and 5.95) and titrable acidity (0.55%; 2.46% and 1.84%). Microbial loads in total flora are below the standard for 18 months in leaf and flower powders but are above the standard in powders sampled after 12 months of storage. The growth of yeasts and molds was observed during the first 6 months and their load is well below the standards from the 7th month until the end of storage. Coliform, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, faecal Streptococci and Clostridium sulfito-reducers loads are below the detection threshold throughout the shelf life. Conclusion: Therefore the powders based on the leaves and flowers can be kept for a period of eighteen months without risk to the consumer. But those sampled can be kept for up to 12 months.
- Published
- 2020
16. Sensory Evaluation and Consumers Acceptability of Some Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Cultivars Used as Parents in a Yam Varietal Development Program in Benin
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Igwe Chima Cartney, Dansi Alexandre, Sanoussi Faouziath, Loko Yêyinou LauraEstelle, Tchekessi Célestin, Fakorede Jeannette, and Bokossa Yahou Innocent
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Horticulture ,Dioscorea rotundata ,biology ,Cultivar ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2020
17. Agro-morphological characterization of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh) landraces grown in Benin: Implications for breeding and conservation
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Alexandre Dansi, Gustave Djèdatin, Relique Ignace Agbo, Laura Estelle Yêyinou Loko, Rajeev K. Varshney, Clément Agbangla, Rachit K. Saxena, and Géofroy Kinhoégbè
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0106 biological sciences ,Germplasm ,Group method ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Quantitative trait locus ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Crop ,Horticulture ,Cajanus ,Point of delivery ,Productivity (ecology) ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Grain yield ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh) is a neglected and under-utilized crop consumed in several regions of word. In order to assess performance of pigeonpea landraces grown in Benin for useful breeding programs, 50 accessions were collected from 39 villages. These accessions were characterized by using 12 qualitative and 11 quantitative traits. Based on the seeds morphological characteristics, the 50 accessions were grouped in 12 morphotypes. However, 8 morphological classes were obtained with cluster analysis based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average method using qualitative traits, whereas in principal component analysis only 5 clusters have been obtained using quantitative traits. The association/correlation among quantitative characters showed that grain yield was negatively correlated with pod width, days to 50% flowering and physiological maturity while it was positively correlated with pod length, pods per plant, branches per plant and number of seeds per pod. Based on four quantitative traits (number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, and early maturity), the 23 accessions from cluster 3 of whom kk5 (Ekloui), kk8 (Nontchiovi kloui), kk15 (Otili founfoun), kk18 (Klouekoun wewe), kk22 (Otili), kk23 (CA monlikoun) and kk28 (Hounkoun wewe) have been recommended as good sources of germplasm for improving the pigeonpea productivity. Further characterization using molecular techniques as well as conservation attention should be conducted to confirm the present result and maintain the germplasm for future breeding programs. Keywords: Benin, Cluster analysis, morphological diversity, pigeonpea, quantitative characters, selection.
- Published
- 2020
18. Effects of Seed Physical Characteristics of Benin Soybean Germplasm on their Resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
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Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Joelle Toffa, Azize Orobiyi, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou, Rolande Okpeicha, Dieudonné Gavoedo, and Alexandre Dansi
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General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2022
19. A agrofloresta como forma de recuperação e educação ambiental no município de Castelo, Espírito Santo
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Camila Barbiero Siqueira, Danillo Sartório Rangel, Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues, Guilherme Andrião Trugilho, Igor Borges Peron, and Maurício Novaes Souza
- Published
- 2022
20. Procedimentos para uso de câmera termográfica em mudas de hortaliças
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Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, Sávio da Silva Berilli, and Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues
- Published
- 2021
21. Procedimentos para uso do clorofilômetro Spad em folhas de mudas de hortaliças
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Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, Sávio da Silva Berilli, and Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues
- Published
- 2021
22. Procedimentos para análises fisiológicas de folhas de mudas de hortaliças com auxílio de fluorômetro Multiplex®
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Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, Sávio da Silva Berilli, and Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues
- Published
- 2021
23. Procedimentos para uso de escâner de raízes em mudas de hortaliças
- Author
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Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, Sávio da Silva Berilli, and Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues
- Published
- 2021
24. Medição de área foliar de mudas de hortaliças com o uso do Medidor de Área Foliar LI – 3100C
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Dayvson Dansi Rodrigues, Sávio da Silva Berilli, Vinicius Rodrigues Ferreira, Carlos Humberto D. Pirovani, and Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi
- Published
- 2021
25. Identification of polyphenols from Rosa roxburghii Tratt pomace and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity
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Dansi Huang, Chao Li, Qing Chen, Xing Xie, Xiong Fu, Chun Chen, Qiang Huang, Zebo Huang, and Hao Dong
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Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Nematoda ,Plant Extracts ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Animals ,Polyphenols ,General Medicine ,Rosa ,Antioxidants ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt pomace (RRTP) has increasingly attracted attention due to its various nutritional ingredients and health benefits. In this study, the free phenolic fraction (RRTP-FPF) and bound phenolic fraction (RRTP-BPF) were extracted from RRTP by solvent extraction method and alkaline hydrolysis method, respectively. The composition of polyphenols in RRTP-FPF and RRTP-BPF were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with an electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS). In vitro antioxidant assays indicated that RRTP-FPF and RRTP-BPF could scavenge radicals in a dose-dependent manner, and RRTP-BPF exhibited better scavenging activity than RRTP-FPF. In addition, RRTP-FPF and RRTP-BPF (20 ∼ 100 μg/mL) treatment for 24 h could significantly increase the survival rate and decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of paraquat-exposed nematodes through improving the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). These results suggest that RRTP could be as a good and cheap source of natural antioxidants.
- Published
- 2021
26. White Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) landraces trait profiling and setting benchmark for breeding programs in the Republic of Benin
- Author
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Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Charlemagne D. S. J. Gbemavo, Paterne A. Agre, Anicet G. Dassou, Octaviano Igor Yelome, Roger Idossou, S. Alban Etchiha Afoha, Eric Dadonougbo, Jeannette Fakorede, and Alexandre A. Dansi
- Subjects
Benchmarking ,Plant Breeding ,Multidisciplinary ,Dioscorea ,Benin ,Guinea - Abstract
To meet the high demand for white Guinea yam, there is a need to develop and release improved varieties to farmers. Unfortunately, low rate of adoption of most of the improved yam varieties by both producers and consumers was observed. Information regarding agronomic characteristics and food qualities of popular white Guinea yam landraces with high market value are not available to establish minimum standards to be considered by breeding programs. To fill this gap, surveys using rural appraisal tools were carried out in 20 villages and 16 markets throughout Benin. Data on the agronomic performance suggested that for an improved variety to be adopted by Beninese farmers it should have a minimum yield of 4.16 ± 0.15 kg per mound, and average number of marketable tubers of 1.23 ± 0.05, a mean tuber length of 36.41 ± 1.22 cm, and a minimum diameter of 25.44 ± 1.16 cm. The sensorial attributes for boiled and pounded tubers of this improved variety should have minimum score of 3.16 for texture, 0.75 for softness, 3.75 for elasticity, and 1.34 for colour during the sensory evaluation. The improved variety must also have a minimum average severity score of 1.1 for yam mosaic virus disease, 1.33 for anthracnose and 1 for nematodes. Landraces Amoula, Laboko, and Djilaadja should be considered as the standard for yield, sensory attributes, and tolerance to pest and diseases while landraces Danwari, Kodjewe, Mondji, and Gnidou should be characterized as possessing good flowering and fruit setting capacities for breeding programs.
- Published
- 2022
27. Ethnoapicultural investigation to improve conservation status of threatened melliferous agroforestry species with high medicinal and food values in Benin
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David Ogouchoro, Philippe Tixier, Anicet G. Dassou, Hospice Gbèwonmèdéa Dassou, Alexandre Dansi, and Fifanou G. Vodouhe
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0106 biological sciences ,Beekeeping ,F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture ,Agroforesterie ,01 natural sciences ,Conservation des ressources ,systèmes agroforestiers ,Deforestation ,Plante médicinale ,Agroforestry ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Plante alimentaire ,espèce en danger ,food and beverages ,Forestry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plante mellifère ,Geography ,Habitat ,Agriculture ,Melliferous flower ,Extensive farming ,Threatened species ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Apiculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Conservation status ,dégradation des forêts ,P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Éthnobotanique ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In northern Benin, several agroforestry species are nectar-producing, with high medicinal and food values. These species are currently threatened by the destruction of their habitats caused by deforestation and agriculture, mainly cotton production. Considering their importance for humans and beekeeping, this investigation was carried out in one of the most important honey production areas in Benin. Individual interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to identify the medicinal and food plants associated with honey production. Data were collected on food and medicinal uses, beekeepers' preferences in the choice of melliferous species and constraints faced for honey and medicinal species conservation in the areas studied. From these data, 46 species of medicinal and food species were identified as melliferous. Thus, nine new species were added to the list of melliferous species in Benin. Most of the species are also used as sources of human food or medicine in traditional set up. Species preferred by beekeepers were those that provide large amounts of sweet, fragrant hone. It appears that honey from 11 plant species with a high use value was clearly recognized by beekeepers who are involved in various human diseases' treatment. The constraints hampering the management of these melliferous species are extensive farming, animal husbandry, anarchic logging. This study brings us the avenues for modernization of beekeeping and the possibility of producing therapeutic honey.
- Published
- 2019
28. Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir and D. cayenensis Lam complex) in the Traditional Agriculture of Benin: Present-Day Cultivar Diversity and Farmers’ Perception on their Tolerance to Tuber Dry Rot caused by the Nematode Scutellonema bradys
- Author
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Loko Yêyinou Laura Estelle, Agbangla Clément, Etchiha Afoha Sètondji Alban Paterne, Affokpon Antoine, and Dansi Alexandre
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Horticulture ,Nematode ,Dioscorea rotundata ,biology ,meteorology.tropical_cyclone ,Traditional agriculture ,Scutellonema bradys ,meteorology ,Cultivar ,Dry rot ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2019
29. Genetic diversity and population structure of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) landraces grown in Benin revealed by Genotyping-By-Sequencing
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Géofroy Kinhoégbè, Gustave Djèdatin, Rachit Kumar Saxena, Anu Chitikineni, Prasad Bajaj, Johiruddin Molla, Clément Agbangla, Alexandre Dansi, and Rajeev Kumar Varshney
- Subjects
Plant Breeding ,Multidisciplinary ,Cajanus ,Genotype ,Benin ,Genetic Variation ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Genetic diversity studies provide important details on target trait availability and its variability, for the success of breeding programs. In this study, GBS approach was used to reveal a new structuration of genetic diversity and population structure of pigeonpea in Benin. We used a total of 688 high-quality Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers for a total of 44 pigeonpea genotypes. The distribution of SNP markers on the 11 chromosomes ranged from 14 on chromosome 5 to 133 on chromosome 2. The Polymorphism Information Content and gene diversity values were 0.30 and 0.34 respectively. The analysis of population structure revealed four clear subpopulations. The Weighted Neighbor Joining tree agreed with structure analyses by grouping the 44 genotypes into four clusters. The PCoA revealed that genotypes from subpopulations 1, 2 and 3 intermixed among themselves. The Analysis of Molecular Variance showed 7% of the total variation among genotypes while the rest of variation (93%) was within genotypes from subpopulations indicating a high gene exchange (Nm = 7.13) and low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 0.07) between subpopulations. Subpopulation 2 presented the highest mean values of number of different alleles (Na = 1.57), number of loci with private alleles (Pa = 0.11) and the percentage of polymorphic loci (P = 57.12%). We discuss our findings and demonstrate how the genetic diversity and the population structure of this specie can be used through the Genome Wide Association Studies and Marker-Assisted Selection to enhance genetic gain in pigeonpea breeding programs in Benin.
- Published
- 2022
30. Maize seeds storage systems and post-harvest losses in Benin: diversity, efficiency, storage insects, and implications for better products conservation
- Author
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Gabin Samba, Anicet G. Dassou, Rodrigue Idohou, Corinne M. Anagonou, and Alexandre Dansi
- Abstract
Background: Storage pests cause extensive damages to stored products and are responsible for huge post-harvest losses affecting the quality, quantity, and germination potential of stored grains and seeds. This study aimed to investigate the variability of traditional methods of storage and conservation of maize seeds practiced by farmers to propose alternative measures for a significant reduction of post-harvest losses of seeds. Methods : Using participatory research approaches, we surveyed farmers from 21 randomly selected villages in 5 districts in southern Benin. Data were collected on the storage structures of the 3 certified and most produced maize seeds varieties. The forms under which maize seeds are stored, as well as the damage caused by the major storage insects, were determined. Results: Results showed that most farmers store maize seeds in the form of grains and spathe. Following the laboratory observation of the three maize varieties studied, the DMR / QPM variety produced only in the district of Zagnanado has a low abundance of storage insects and a low rate of post-harvest losses. Sitophilus zeamais is the most abundant pest of the three maize seed varieties followed by Prostephanus truncatus. The variety 2000 SYN EE was the most attacked by storage insects. The most promising post-harvest agricultural practice is the storage of maize with spathe saved in jute bags, in granaries or cribs. Conclusions: Storage insects contribute to the depreciation of the quality of grains, loss of grain and reduction of their germinability in stock. Improving farmers' awareness of these post-harvest practices could help to reduce the damage of storage insects.
- Published
- 2022
31. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of different morphotypes of Corchorus olitorius L. leaves in the central region of Benin Republic (West Africa)
- Author
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A Adjatin, H Benindicte, A Dansi, A Hounkpatin, F Assogba, P Agbotta, W Djengue, K S Amouzou, and J Gbenou
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Antioxidant ,biology ,Corchorus olitorius ,Traditional medicine ,Tiliaceae ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Brine shrimp ,Herbaceous plant ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,food.food ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nutraceutical ,food ,Phytochemical ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Bioassay ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Corchorus olitorius L. which belongs to Tiliaceae family is a cultivated herbaceous plant highly consumed as traditional leafy vegetables in Benin. Extracts from samples of different morphotypes leaves of this species were analysed for their phytochemical compositions, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. On each sample extract, qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of bioactive molecules and evaluate their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assay. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several phytochemical compounds in all samples of morphotypes studied but these have not a similar profile. Morphotypes with shiny rounded leaves have more phytochemicals (58% of phytochemicals compounds) than the other samples. Analysis of the potential antioxidant reveals a first category of morphotypes with high potential antioxidant capacity ranged from 27,859 to 32,985 mM EAA/g followed by second class of morphotype which ranged from 17,527 to 23,098 mM EAA/g . Regular consumption of C. olitorius such as varieties with rounded and non-shiny leaves, varieties with elongated and shiny leaves, varieties with red stems, varieties with elongated and non-shiny leaves with lateral lobes, would be useful for the treatment of various diseases induced by free radicals. The LC50 of morphotypes C. olitorius varies between 0.78 and 3.125 mg/ml indicating non toxicity. From this study, results justify the use of some morphotypes of C. olitorius in traditional medicine. Hence, these morphotypes are nutraceuticals leafy vegetables that must be promoted through development of food based products. Key words: Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic activity, Corchorus olitorius, morphotypes, Benin.
- Published
- 2018
32. Morphological characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces of Central region of Benin Republic
- Author
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Gustave Djedatin, Arlette Adjatin, Azize Orobiyi, Laura Estelle Yêyinou Loko, Alexandre Dansi, Joelle Toffa, and Joel Akpo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Germplasm ,biology ,location.country ,UPGMA ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Quantitative trait locus ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Central region ,Crop ,location ,Horticulture ,Point of delivery ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Phaseolus ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Bénin Republic - Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important food consumed in every region in Republic of Benin; however, it remains a neglected and under-utilized crop. In order to assess the value of bean germplasm of the central region in the Republic of Benin for useful breeding programs, 57 accessions were collected from 23 villages. After a classification based on the morphological variables of the seeds, these accessions were evaluated using 30 morphological traits (18 qualitative and 12 quantitative) following the IBPGR descriptors in experimental field at Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Dassa. Based on the seeds morphological variability, the accessions have been grouped in 8 morphotypes. However, 9 morphological types were obtained with cluster analysis based on UPGMA classification method using qualitative variables, whereas in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) they were gathered into 4 clusters using quantitative variables. The accessions in cluster 1 (11 accessions) were identified as possessing the highest values in quantitative traits like days to maturity, and number of pods per plant. While accessions in cluster 2 (3 accessions) have had the lowest number of days to flowering and the highest pods length, the accessions of cluster 3 (23 accessions) presented the highest 100-seed weight. Correlation coefficient of 100-seed weight was positively significant (p ≤ 0.001) with leaf length, pod width, and seeds length while it was negatively correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with days to flowering, pod length and the number of seeds per pod. Cluster 3 accessions may serve as useful genetic material in future, for any breeding programmes to improve the productivity of other common bean accessions through hybridization. Key words: Common bean, cluster analysis, diversity, landraces, qualitative traits, quantitative traits.
- Published
- 2018
33. Ethnobotanical Characterization of Scarlet Eggplant (Solanum Aethiopicum L.) Varieties Cultivated in Benin Republic
- Author
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Scholastique Aguessy, Roger Idossou, Anicet Gbèblonoudo Dassou, Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Octaviano Igor Yelome, Anicet A. Gbaguidi, Paterne A. Agre, Alexandre Dansi, and Clément Agbangla
- Abstract
Background: The African eggplant [Solanum aethiopicum (L.)] is an important orphan traditional vegetable cultivated in tropical regions for its edible fruits. In Benin republic, S. aethiopicum (L.) is mainly produced by rural farmers for food and for its uses in traditional medicine. Assessing the varietal diversity, the endogenous knowledge, the production constraints and the farmers’ preference criteria are of great importance for promotion and conservation purposes. Methods: Using rural appraisal tools and methods, an ethnobotanical study was conducted within 680 households across 92 villages. A total of 60 local accessions were identified, documented and collected in the surveyed sites. Results: We documented fifteen (15) farmers’ criteria for agronomic (57.88% of responses), and culinary (28.51%) preference; and for economic (13.61%) aspects. Several constraints related to eggplant production in Benin were recorded among which, low market demand (27% of responses), lack of high-yielding cultivars (11.08% of responses), low fruit storability (10.67%), low productivity (9.84%), soil poverty (8.43%), susceptibility to high soil moisture (8.02 %), pests (9.56%) and diseases (8.45%), and drought (6.38%) appeared to be the most important stress factors. In addition to synthetic pesticides, the eggplant farmers use botanical plant extracts such as extracts from Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) and Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae). Conclusion and implications: Benin eggplant production still remains traditional and limited to a few rural farmers. Finally, the current collected germplasm was proposed for further evaluation using morphological and molecular markers in order to provide breeders with traits of interest for developing better eggplant varieties that are suitable for local environmental conditions and production systems.
- Published
- 2021
34. Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) Displays Prezygotic and Postzygotic Barriers to Prevent Autogamy in Monoecious Cultivars
- Author
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Narcisse Denadi, Mounirou Yolou, Ayènan Eric Dadonougbo, Jeanne Zoundjihékpon, Alexandre Dansi, Christophe Gandonou, and Muriel Quinet
- Subjects
Dioscorea rotundata ,allogamy ,autogamy ,inbreeding depression ,monoecy ,pollen viability ,sexual reproduction ,stigma receptivity ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Cultivated yam (D. rotundata) is a staple tuber crop in West Africa whose sexual reproduction control remains largely unknown despite its importance for plant breeding programs. In this paper, we compared self-pollination, intracultivar cross-pollination and intercultivar cross-pollination in three monoecious cultivars (Amoula, Heapala and Yassi). Results showed that pollen viability (49%) and stigma receptivity (40%) were similar in monoecious and dioecious plants, suggesting that autogamy could occur in monoecious plants. However, fruit and seed sets were significantly lower after self-pollination compared to cross-pollination. Overall, autogamy reached 11% and pollen lability was almost zero (
- Published
- 2022
35. Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cultivars in the Traditional Agriculture of Togo
- Author
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A Adjatin, K Kombate, Ambaliou Sanni, M Dansi, Alexandre Dansi, K Kpemoua, I Dossou-Aminon, and Koffi Akpagana
- Subjects
Traditional agriculture ,Agronomy ,Agroforestry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Manihot esculenta ,Cultivar ,Biology ,Diversity (politics) ,media_common - Published
- 2017
36. Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, a Minor Aromatic Leafy Vegetable Consumed in Benin
- Author
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M Dansi, Alexandre Dansi, H. W. Djengue, D J Gbénou, Hyacinthe Ahissou, M F Assogba, and A Adjatin
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Lippia ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Phytochemical ,Toxicity ,Botany ,Leafy vegetables ,010606 plant biology & botany - Published
- 2017
37. Ethnobotanical Investigation of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, a Local Aromatic Leafy Vegetable under Domestication in Benin
- Author
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A Adjatin, Alexandre Dansi, H. W. Djengue, M Dansi, I Dossou-Aminon, and Ambaliou Sanni
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Lippia ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,biology ,Ethnobotany ,Botany ,Leafy vegetables ,Domestication ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany ,0104 chemical sciences - Published
- 2017
38. CpG Island Methylator Phenotype(CIMP) is An Independent Prognostic Marker with Tumor-Promoting Functions in Colorectal Cancer
- Author
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Jiante Li, Kepeng Hu, Chenchen Wu, Mao Cai, Chongjie Huang, Dansi Qi, Changjia Li, Long Li, Wanle Hu, and Yaojun Yu
- Subjects
neoplasms ,digestive system diseases - Abstract
Background: The CpG island methylator phenotype(CIMP)with extensive promoter methylation isa distinct epigenotype incolorectal cancer (CRC). Changes in microbiota and epigenetic dysregulation might be the key underlying mechanism.Methods: Tissues with stages I–III cancer were collected after proctocolectomy. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was carried to determine the differences in microbiota. Subsequently, BRAF mutation, the status of microsatellite instability (MSI, also known as mismatch repair deficiency) and CIMP were also tested. The Chi-square test was carried out to analyze the relationship between molecular changes (MSI and CIMP) and the development of CRC.Results: Patients in the three groups differed in thetumorlocation(P=0.034) and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (P=0.036).The positive CIMP and MSI-LOW/MSS were more common in the worse prognosis groups. The Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional regression analyses indicated that CIMP and MSI were the independent indicators of poor survival since the positive rates of which were significantly higher in the non-survival group. Besides, there were differences in microbiota among tumor tissues of different prognoses, with the Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis more abundant in the worse prognosis groups.Conclusion: The persistent epigenetic changes influence the prognosis of patients with CRC and the composition of the gut microbiota might be the cause.
- Published
- 2020
39. On-farm management and participatory evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) diversity across the agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin
- Author
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Gustave Djedatin, Abraham Favi, Laura Estelle Yêyinou Loko, Alexandre Dansi, Clément Agbangla, Géofroy Kinhoegbe, and Aristide Cossi Adomou
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Cultural Studies ,Adult ,Male ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Health (social science) ,Farms ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Biodiversity ,Ethnobotany ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Adaptability ,Cajanus ,Young Adult ,Participatory evaluation ,lcsh:Botany ,Benin ,Humans ,Cultivar ,Preference criteria ,media_common ,Aged ,Genetic diversity ,Food security ,Ecology ,Research ,Genetic Variation ,Agriculture ,lcsh:Other systems of medicine ,Production constraints ,Middle Aged ,lcsh:RZ201-999 ,biology.organism_classification ,Ex situ conservation ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Pigeonpea ,Plant Breeding ,Knowledge ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,On-farm management ,Female ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Background Pigeonpea is a multipurpose food legume crop that contributes to food security in the Republic of Benin. For the establishment of conservation and breeding programs, previous ethnobotanical surveys on pigeonpea were done in Benin but restricted to south and central regions. In previous years, pigeonpea landraces were introduced in northern Benin for soil fertility management; it is therefore important to evaluate the diversity in this legume in this region. Exhaustive documentation of pigeonpea diversity grown in the Republic of Benin will be necessary for effective breeding and conservation programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to document genetic diversity of pigeonpea, across the agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin for its promotion and valorization. Methods A total of 500 pigeonpea farmers representing 13 sociolinguistic groups were selected from 50 villages. The data were collected using methods and tools of participatory research appraisal. Folk nomenclatures, taxonomy of pigeonpea and seed system were investigated. The distribution and extent of pigeonpea landraces were evaluated using the Four Square Analysis method. A comparative analysis of pigeonpea use categories production systems, production constraints, famers’ preference criteria, and participative evaluation for existing landraces across agro-ecological zones was done. Result Folk nomenclature and taxonomy were mainly based on seed coat color and size. Seven pigeonpea use categories were recorded including sacrifice, grain processing and fertilization. The results showed that the pigeonpea seed system is informal. Based on seed characteristics, fifteen landraces were recorded including seven new landraces. The Sudano-Guinean zone contained the highest number (11) of landraces. The average number of landraces per village was 2.7. A high rate of landraces facing threat of disappearance was observed across the ecological zones. Ten constraints are known to affect pigeonpea production in Benin, with pests and diseases as the most critical in all agro-ecological zones. This study revealed that pigeonpea cultivation is increasing in the Sudanian zone. Varieties to be produced must be selected based on 11 criteria which included precocity and resistance to pests and diseases in the three ecological zones and adaptability to any type of soil in the Sudanian zone. The participatory evaluation revealed the existence of a few performing cultivars. Conclusions Our results revealed that implementation of a pigeonpea genetic conservation program in Benin must take into account the diversity, production constraints and varietal preference, which varied according to agro-ecological zones. In situ and ex situ conservation strategies are important to preserve pigeonpea landraces. Morphological and molecular characterizations of identified cultivars are highly recommended to help select suitable varieties for breeding programs.
- Published
- 2020
40. Farmers’ management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diversity, their varietal preference traits and uses in Southern and Central Benin
- Author
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David Montcho, Alexandre Dansi, Azize Orobiyi, Dieudonné Gavoedo, Joelle Toffa, Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Elodie Hounmakou, and Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Integrated pest management ,Food security ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Arachis hypogaea ,Biotechnology ,Agriculture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,PEST analysis ,Seed system ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Background Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed legumes contributing to food security and poverty reduction in Benin. Unfortunately, several constraints hamper peanut production in Benin leading to a low yield. Knowing that seed is crucial for increase agricultural productivity, a good knowledge of on-farm management of grown peanut diversity and uses that allow its maintenance in traditional Beninese agriculture are prerequisites to establish an efficient breeding and conservation programs. Therefore, this study aim to document peanut varietal diversity, folk nomenclature, seed system, storage constraints, seeds pest management practices, varietal preference criteria, cultural taboos and uses in southern and central Benin. Methods Two hundred and sixteen (216) farmers were surveyed through 32 villages in southern and central Benin using research tools and techniques of rural appraisal such as field visits, group surveys and individual surveys using a questionnaire. Results Fifty-four peanut folk varieties grouped into 8 morphotypes based on the seed characteristics were registered in the study area. All local names given to peanut folk varieties by ethnic groups have meaning. The number of folk varieties maintained per village ranged from 1 to 11 (an average of 4) and varied between 1 and 4 per household. Some peanut producers reported the disappearance of some folk varieties. The drop in yield was the main reason of peanut varietal disappearance in the study area. Rodent attacks were the most important constraints of peanut production in the study area. Varietal preference criteria varied from ethnic groups with seed size and many pod/seeds per plant as the main preferred traits. Peanut seed system was mainly informal. For peanut seed conservation, farmers use various storage tools. To alleviate pest problems in stored peanut, producers used plant biocides and synthetic chemicals. Some cultural taboos and various uses (food, feed and medicinal) of peanuts have been recorded in the southern and central Benin. Conclusions Our results suggest that for boost peanut production in central and southern Benin, breeders must create high yielding peanut varieties. For the adoption of these new varieties, it is important to take in account the preference varietal criteria of each ethnic group. To a good estimation of peanut diversity in the study area, morphological and molecular characterizations were recommended.
- Published
- 2020
41. Sustentabilidade ambiental e rentabilidade econômica de sistema agroflorestal do município de Rio Novo do Sul (ES)
- Author
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Caio Henrique Ungarato Fiorese, Gabrielli Machado Bindeli, Géssica Mengal Zanette, Carina Dansi, Gilson Silva-Filho, Jaíne Pianzola Fia, and Helimar Rabello
- Published
- 2020
42. Management of Dinoderus porcellus L. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips using varietal resistance and botanical powders of three medicinal plants
- Author
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Tamo Manuele, Orobiyi Azize, Dansi Alexandre, Loko Yêyinou Laura Estelle, Gnaho Annick Christelle, and Toffa Joelle
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Bridelia ferruginea ,Integrated pest management ,biology ,Resistance (ecology) ,fungi ,Negative control ,Blighia ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Khaya ,010602 entomology ,Horticulture ,Bostrichidae ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Medicinal plants ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In Benin, stored yam chips are severely attacked by Dinoderus porcellus Lesne which causes important losses. The use of medicinal plants combined with the insect-resistant yam chips can be an efficient alternative of chemical insecticides for yam chips protection. This study aims to evaluate an integrated pest management of D. porcellus using combined effects of resistant yam chips (Boniwoure, Gaboubaba, Wonmangou, and Yakanougo landraces) and leaves powder of Bridelia ferruginea Benth, Blighia sapida Juss and Khaya senegalensis Cronquist. For that, repellence, weight loss, mortality and progeny production were evaluated with Antouka commercial insecticide as positive control and untreated yam chips as negative control. The results revealed that all treatments are strongly repellent and showed important reproductive inhibition rate and remarkable inhibition of emergency of D. porcellus progeny. The weight loss due of yam chips treated with the three medicinal plants was not significantly different from those treated with Antouka, but significantly different from untreated yam chips. Only K. senegalensis at 2% (w/w) combined with Wonmangou landrace was able to achieve 66.2% of mortality after 21 days of experimentation. Hence, combination of resistant yam chips with leaves powder of these three medicinal plants could be promoted for integrated management of D. porcellus. Key words: Dinoderus porcellus, integrated pest management, medicinal plants, resistance varietal, storage, yam chips.
- Published
- 2018
43. Farmers traditional practices and management methods of stored common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) insect pests in the central region of Benin Republic
- Author
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Orobiyi Azize, Toffa Joelle, Akpo Ahouelete Joel, Loko Yêyinou Laura Estelle, and Dansi Alexandre
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Food security ,biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,location.country ,Insect ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Participatory rural appraisal ,010602 entomology ,location ,Agronomy ,Ethnobotany ,Management methods ,Phaseolus ,Legume ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Bénin Republic ,media_common - Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume that contributes to food security and poverty reduction in Benin. However, there is very little information on its production constraints, varietal diversity, storage practices, storage insect management, and seed system. While these information are necessary for use in breeding programs and a better conservation of this legume. To fill these gaps, ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in 23 villages selected through central Benin using participatory rural appraisal tools and techniques. The number of beans landraces ranged from 3 to 5 per village (4.7 on averages) and from 1 to 4 per household (1.7 on average). A total of 26 common beans folk varieties, corresponding to 12 climbing bean landraces were recorded in the study area. A high rate of threat of landraces disappearance was recorded through surveyed villages. Various seeds storage tools were recorded and the seed system was essentially informal. The use of inert substances, chemical insecticides and insect repellent/insecticidal plants to control storage insects has been reported in the study area. Farmers noted a differential susceptibility of common bean landraces to storage insect pest. Our findings showed that there is an urgent need of development of integrated bean storage insect management strategies. Key words: Constraints, common bean, insect pests, seed system, varietal diversity.
- Published
- 2018
44. Morphotype diversity of Corchorus olitorius and influence of agricultural practices on its potential major pest insects
- Author
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Hospice Gbèwonmèdéa Dassou, Bonaventure Aman Omondi, Innocent Dossou Aminon, Alexandre Dansi, Anicet G. Dassou, and Aquilin E. Gbèdolo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,biology ,Corchorus olitorius ,business.industry ,Intercropping ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Horticulture ,Helicoverpa armigera ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,food.food ,Crop ,food ,Agronomy ,Podagrica ,Agriculture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,PEST analysis ,business ,Aulacophora ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Corchorus olitorius L. is one of the traditional leafy vegetables of high food and socio-economic value in Africa. Although widely exploited, its varietal diversity is unknown and its domestication remains challenged by pests and diseases presently observed among subsistence users. This study aims to determine the morphotype diversity of C. olitorius in Southern Benin and the durability of its agroecosystem by the influence of agricultural practices on the major pest insects related to its production. Using participatory research methods, surveys were conducted in 21 villages randomly selected across the study area. Results revealed seven different morphotypes of C. olitorius, three of which were wild but used in traditional medicine and four were cultivated. Among the nine constraints reported by farmers, the attack of seven pest insects and the non-distinction of the seeds of the different cultivated morphotypes are the two most important constraints. The seven most common potential pest insects observed by between 10–100% of the farmers, in study area are: Acrea sp, Aulacophora Africana, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litoralis, Zonocerus variegatus, Podagrica spp. and Acrea acerata. The infestation by these insects were not linked to specific morphotypes of C. olitorius, but varied by locality. The agricultural practices that might influence the presence of any C. olitorius pests were intercropping and dormancy cutting, seedling after sowing and number of harvests. This information will contribute to a better production of the varieties of C. olitorius and the different crop associations could be integrated into methods of ecological management of the pests of C. olitorius.
- Published
- 2018
45. On-farm management and participatory evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) diversity across the agro-ecological zones of Benin Republic
- Author
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Géofroy KINHOEGBE, Gustave Djèdatin, Laura Estelle Yêyinou Loko, Abraham Gnimansou Favi, Aristide Adomou, Clément Agbangla, and Alexandre Dansi
- Abstract
Background: Pigeonpea is a multipurpose food legume that contributes to food security in Benin. However, its production declined and some landraces are being threatened with disappearance. For establishment of conservation and breeding programs previous ethnobotanical surveys on pigeonpea were done in Benin but restricted to south and central regions. Knowing that pigeonpea is also grown in northern Benin, and that the varieties cultivated in this region can show agronomic performances, it is therefore important to evaluate the diversity of this legume in this region. However, an exhaustive documentation of pigeonpea diversity grown in Benin Republic are necessary for effective breeding and conservation programs. Therefore, this study aimed to document genetic diversity of pigeonpea, across the agro-ecological zones of Benin Republic for its promotion and valorization. Methods: 500 producers of pigeonpea belonging to thirteen sociolinguistic groups were selected through 50 villages. Data were collected using methods and tools of participatory research appraisal. Folk nomenclatures, taxonomy of pigeonpea and seed system were investigated. The distribution and extent of pigeonpea landraces were evaluated using Four Square Analysis method. A comparative analysis of pigeonpea uses categories, production systems, pigeonpea production constraints, famers’ preference criteria and participative evaluation for existing landraces across agro-ecological zones was done. Result: Folk nomenclature and taxonomy were mainly based on seed coat colour and size. Seven pigeonpea use category were recorded including sacrifice, grain processing and fertilization. The results showed that pigeonpea seed system is informal. Based on seed characteristics, fifteen landraces were recorded with seven new landraces. The Sudano-Guinean zone contained the highest number (11) of landraces. The average number of landraces per village was 2.7. A high rate of landraces threatened with disappearance was observed across the ecological zones. Ten constraints are known affecting pigeonpea production in Benin with pests and diseases as the most important in all agro-ecological zones. This study revealed that pigeonpea cultivation is increasing in the Sudanian zone. Varieties to be produced must be selected on the basis of 11 criteria among them precocity and resistance to pests and diseases, in the three ecological zones and adaptability to any type of soil in the Sudanian zone were the most important. The participatory evaluation revealed the existence of a few performing cultivars. Conclusions: Our results show that to implement a pigeonpea genetic conservation program in Benin, it would be necessary to take into account the diversity, production constraints and criteria of varietal preference, which varied according to agro-ecological zones. In situ and ex situ conservation strategies are important to preserve pigeonpea landraces. Morphological and molecular characterizations of identified cultivars are highly recommended to help select suitable varieties for breeding programs.
- Published
- 2019
46. Constraints to production and preferred traits for taro (Colocasia esculenta) and new cocoyam (Xanthosoma mafaffa) in Togo, West Africa
- Author
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K Odah, D. Bammite, Koffi Tozo, A Agbogan, A Dansi, P.J. Matthews, and D.Y. Dagnon
- Subjects
Colocasia esculenta ,Crop ,Agricultural science ,Geography ,Descriptive statistics ,Agriculture, Colocasia esculenta, constraints, farmers, preferences, production, Togo, Xanthosoma mafaffa ,Agriculture ,business.industry ,Food processing ,Production (economics) ,Subtropics ,Rural area ,business - Abstract
Taro ( Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) and tannia (new cocoyam) ( Xanthosoma mafaffa L. Schott) are food crops cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In cultivation, they are always vegetatively propagated and their production faces many constraints. Their corm is an important source of carbohydrates and leaves eaten as vegetable provide important minerals and vitamins. In Togo, although these crops are among the most important food crops in some rural areas, they appear at the country level as neglected and underutilized species (NUS) and should be promoted. However, adequate information related to production, constraints, farmers’ preferred traits and utilisation is lacking for the development of efficient breeding schemes and their sustainable preservation and use in Togo. In this paper, a focus group survey was conducted in all five ecological zones of the country to document farmers’ perceptions regarding constraints for production of these two crops and their preferred traits for production and utilization. Collected data were analysed through descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages and means) using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS 20) and Excel spreadsheets. Rainfall irregularity (or shortage of rainy seasons) (68.4% of responses), soil infertility (61.5% of responses) and inefficient marketing (58.7% of responses) were the most common production constraints reported. Farmers preferred early-maturity (73% of responses) and high-yield (65% of responses) as crop traits. Men are more involved in production of these crops in Togo (79% of respondents). However, the constraints and preferences reported were not gender dependent. This study showed that production of taro and tania faces many challenges in Togo. Morphological and molecular characterization of grown varieties is highly recommended to help select suitable varieties for breeding programmes. Improvements in food processing and accessibility of credit should be prioritized to generate more income for farmers and encourage production in Togo. Keywords: Agriculture, Colocasia esculenta , constraints, farmers, preferences, production, Togo, Xanthosoma mafaffa
- Published
- 2018
47. Farmers’ practices, utilization, conservation and marketing of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) in Dosso Region, Western Niger
- Author
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Abdou Ousmane, Alexandre Dansi, Ali Alzouma, Wazir Alou, Abdou Razakou Ibrahim, and Mahamadou Salifou
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Food security ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,food.food ,Crop ,food ,Agriculture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,Genetics ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Neglected and underutilized crop ,Soil fertility ,Marketing ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Vigna subterranea ,Cropping ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Legume ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is one of the important legume crop grown in marginal soils of sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its importance in food security and income generation for small scale farmers, it remains as a neglected and underutilized crop and the productivity is very low in the field due to the lack of improved varieties and lack adequate farming practices. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate all aspects related to its production including source of seeds supply and farmers management practices, utilization, conservation and marketing. The results revealed that in this Region of Western Niger Bambara groundnut was mainly produced by female (95%) compared to male (5%). Farmers use their own recycled seed (80%) which is the main source followed by provision of recycled seeds by relatives (5%) and purchasing from the local market (15%). Also, this finding shows that there is a lack of adequate farming practices and the crop is mostly produced on inherited land without any inputs as reported by 80% of the respondents. Mono-cropping is mainly practiced by 97% of farmers while a few of them do rotation (2%) and most of pre and postharvest handling technologies are traditional. The most important traits preferred by Bambara farmers is seed colour (cream color), followed by high grain yield, early maturity and cooking ability according to the respondents with 98, 92, 88 and 72% respectively. Several features have to be taking into account in order to promote Bambara nut including its ability to do well in harsh conditions, its nutritional benefits, and its ability to fix nitrogen, thereby increasing soil fertility in mixed cropping systems.
- Published
- 2018
48. Agro morphological characterization of taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yautia (Xanthosoma mafaffa) in Togo, West Africa
- Author
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Bammite Damigou, Tozo Koffi, Odah Komi, Agbogan Akouethe, Y. Dagnon Dodzi, Dansi Alexandre, and J. Matthews Peter
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,biology ,Xanthosoma ,Dendrogram ,Randomized block design ,Corm ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Araceae ,West africa ,Colocasia esculenta ,Horticulture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Colocasia ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Taro and yautia are two edible aroids grown in the humid tropics of Asia, Africa and Latin America and used as staple food crops by millions of people in developing countries. They are mainly propagated vegetatively. Selection and improvement of these crops require characterization using desirable morphological traits for various end-uses. An agro morphological characterization study was conducted at the experimental site of Centre de Recherche Agronomique du Littoral (CRAL) of Institut Togolais de Recherche Agronomique (ITRA) in Togo. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological variation within taro and yautia accessions. A total of 127 accessions (26 accessions of taro and 101 accessions of yautia) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications from October 2016 to November 2017. Thirty-eight (38) characters were studied for taro and twenty-eight (28) for yautia. Data was analyzed using ANOVA, factorial and clustering analyses. Findings of ANOVA show high positive correlations between vegetative traits such as plant height, plant span with corm and cormels weight. The factorial analysis and dendrogram of the HCA, based on the agro morphological traits, showed four major groups for taro accessions and three groups for yautia accessions. The results demonstrated morphological variation among taro and yautia grown in Togo. Findings from this study are an important data base for conservation and use of these crops in Togo. However, the results suggest also the existence of duplicate in the collection. Ploidy analysis and molecular studies are required to complement and confirm the current agro morphological variation. Key words: Colocasia, Xanthosoma, Araceae, morphology, diversity, Togo.
- Published
- 2018
49. Exploring genetic diversity and disease response of cultivated rice accessions (Oryza spp.) against Pyricularia oryzae under rainfed upland conditions in Benin
- Author
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Octaviano Igor Noudehouenou Yelome, Geert Haesaert, Sofie Landschoot, Wouter Vanhove, Patrick Van Damme, Drissa Silue, Kris Audenaert, and Alexandre Dansi
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Germplasm ,Pyricularia ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Oryza ,01 natural sciences ,Genetic profile ,03 medical and health sciences ,Horticulture ,030104 developmental biology ,parasitic diseases ,Genetic variation ,Genetics ,Amplified fragment length polymorphism ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Field conditions - Abstract
The main goal of this study is to gain insight into the relationship between the genetic profile of cultivated rice (Oryza spp.) accessions and their resistance to rice blast. Therefore, the genetic and phenotypic variability of a set of 350 cultivated rice accessions originating from Africa (Benin, Mali and Nigeria, Ivory Coast etc.) was examined. Seventy-seven fluorescent amplified fragment polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to gain insight into the genetic variation and to classify the germplasm collection. In addition, the rice germplasm was assessed for its resistance to blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae in upland field conditions. Huge differences in responses of rice accessions to P. oryzae were observed, ranging from highly susceptible to highly resistant. Twelve percent of all accessions were highly resistant to P. oryzae. Based on their AFLP marker profile these highly resistant accessions could be separated from the other accessions. Stepwise regression revealed that the best prediction of the blast resistance level was achieved with a maximum number of 13 AFLP markers. Marker CTA22 was the most important for accurate prediction of blast resistance, this marker was present in all highly resistant accessions. It can be concluded that AFLP markers are a valuable tool to screen rice accessions for their susceptibility towards blast disease and that, based on a subset of markers, it is possible to predict the resistance to rice blast.
- Published
- 2018
50. Agromorphological diversity of local Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) collected in Benin
- Author
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D. S. J. C. Gbemavo, Hounnankpon Yedomonhan, Azize Orobiyi, Alexandre Dansi, A. A. Gbaguidi, F. Sanoussi, and I. Dossou-Aminon
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,location.country ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,location ,food ,Yield (wine) ,Genetics ,Hectare ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Bénin Republic ,business.industry ,Crop yield ,Sowing ,food.food ,030104 developmental biology ,Agronomy ,Agriculture ,High field ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Vigna subterranea ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is a neglected and less exploited species in Benin. However, the rational use of the different landraces available involves an appropriate knowledge of their characteristics. This study examined the characteristics of 52 local landraces of Bambara groundnut traditionally cultivated in Benin based on 12 qualitative and 11 quantitative variables, in order to expose those of good qualities. After a classification based on the morphological variables of the seeds, the experimental field was installed in a completely randomized device of blocks repeated three times. The collected data was analyzed with Statistica 7.1 and NTSYS PC 2.2. softwares using qualitative characteristics (Growth’s type, Stem’s hairiness, Flower’s colour, Leave’s shape etc.). As result, the number of morphotypes increased from 18 (out of classification) to 47. Therefore, it appears that the Benin collection of Bambara groundnut is broad in morphological variability. The analysis of the principal component of the quantitative variables revealed three specific classes within the collection. The most efficient variety which belonged to the second class, had a high field yield per hectare (> 1 t/ha). The Souhouloumankpa variety yielded the earliest (103 days after sowing) in addition to the high field yield. The study also showed a positive relationship between 100 seed’s weight, their length, the number of seeds per plant and the seed’s field yield in kg/ha. For a sustainable preservation and an improvement of the available resources, a molecular characterization of the Bambara groundnut landraces in Benin Republic needs to be done.
- Published
- 2018
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