244 results on '"Cross section"'
Search Results
2. Recent longitudinal spin asymmetry and cross section results at PHENIX
- Author
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Loomis, Devon
- Subjects
η ,cross section ,direct photon ,dis23 ,phenix ,photon ,pion ,gluon ,helicity ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,mid-rapidity ,jet ,fragmentation ,forward-rapidity - Abstract
Talk presented at the Deep Inelastic Scattering 2023 conference
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Jets and other recent measurements with PHENIX
- Author
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Connors, Megan
- Subjects
d+au ,direct photon ,energy loss ,phenix ,zs22 ,p+p ,cronin effect ,raa ,bottom ,φ ,cu+au ,u+u ,correlations ,jet ,cu+cu ,modification ,cross section ,photon ,p+al ,thermal photon ,nuclear ,flow ,small systems ,havy flavor ,au+au ,elliptic ,charm ,p+au ,3he+au - Abstract
Talks presented at the Zimanyi School and Winter Workshop on Heavy Ion Physics 2022
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Prompt and delayed gamma rays induced by epithermal and fast neutrons with indium
- Author
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Zeljko Ilic, Matthias Rossbach, Zsolt Révay, Eric Mauerhofer, Jingjing Li, Tsitohaina Randriamalala, Christian Stieghorst, and Thomas Brückel
- Subjects
Physics ,Isotope ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Gamma ray ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Neutron radiation ,Inelastic scattering ,Pollution ,Neutron temperature ,ddc ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nuclear physics ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,ddc:540 ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neutron ,Irradiation ,Article ,Epithermal and fast neutrons ,Indium ,Neutron capture ,Cross section ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry (2021). doi:10.1007/s10967-021-08102-2, Published by Springer Science + Business Media B.V., Dordrecht [u.a.]
- Published
- 2021
5. Reconstructed jets and jet substructure in 200 GeV p+p / d+Au collisions with PHENIX
- Author
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Lajoie, John
- Subjects
nuclear ,modification ,cross section ,cu+au ,d+au ,cnm effects ,jet ,phenix ,p+p ,atlas ,icnfp22 ,raa - Abstract
Talk presented at the International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics 2022
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Recent spin results from PHENIX
- Author
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Ji, Zhongling
- Subjects
η ,direct photon ,phenix ,p+p ,spd21 ,spin ,neutron ,jet ,upc ,heavy flavor ,icnfp22 ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,J/Ψ ,isolated ,polarization ,cross section ,photon ,pion ,p+al ,gluon ,aum22 ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,transverse spin asymmetry ,forward-rapidity ,π0 ,p+au - Abstract
Talk presented at the International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics 2022
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Measurement of direct photon cross-section and double helicity asymmetry at 510 GeV in p+p collisions at PHENIX
- Author
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Ji, Zhongling
- Subjects
isolated ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,cross section ,direct photon ,dis22 ,phenix ,photon ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,p+p ,pythia - Abstract
Talk presented at the Deep-Inelastic Scattering 2022 conference
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Flexoelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Prepared by Cross-Linking under Horseshoe-Shaped Deformation
- Author
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Hiraoka, Kazuyuki, Ishihara, Toshio, Minami, Hiroyuki, Taira, Shiori, Yamada, Katsumi, and Hiejima, Toshihiro
- Subjects
cross section ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,General Mathematics ,cross-linked structure ,flexoelectricity ,Computer Science (miscellaneous) ,liquid crystalline elastomers ,splay ,spontaneous polarization - Abstract
Flexoelectric polarization, which is caused by symmetry breaking in a distortion of material, was investigated in liquid crystalline elastomers composed of wedge-shaped mesogens prepared by cross-linking under horseshoe-shaped deformation. X-ray diffractometry suggested that splay distortion along the depth direction was induced in the pseudo-isotropic phase. While almost no electric charge was observed in the smectic A phase, an electric charge caused by polarization due to the flexoelectric effect appeared and reached −1367 pC/mm2 in the pseudo-isotropic phase. We tentatively conclude that the macroscopic polarization due to the flexoelectric effect emerged and was fixed in the liquid crystalline elastomers by cross-linking under horseshoe-shaped deformation.
- Published
- 2023
9. Measurement of 9Be(3He,p i )11B (i = 0, 1, ..., 9) nuclear reaction cross sections in the 1.0 MeV to 2.5 MeV energy range
- Author
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C M Vítor, E Alves, R C da Silva, R Mateus, J Cruz, N Catarino, DF – Departamento de Física, and LIBPhys-UNL
- Subjects
NRA ,fusion ,cross section ,Helium-3 ,material analysis ,beryllium ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Mathematical Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Abstract
In fusion materials research using ion beam analysis techniques, the reactions 9Be(3He,p i )11B (i = 0, 1, 2…) are relevant to probe Be-related plasma-wall interactions. The cross sections for this reaction have been examined previously; nevertheless, there is a ∼40% difference in the studied energy interval between the two most relevant earlier studies. Therefore, a new data set for the differential cross sections 9Be(3He,p i )11B for the proton groups i = 0, 1, …, 9 is given. The measurements were performed using a thin beryllium film in the laboratory energy range from 1.0 MeV to 2.5 MeV in steps of 50 keV for lab angles from 115° to 165° to the incoming beam direction in steps of 10°. Additional measurements for intermediate angles were performed over the same energy range in steps of 250 keV. The results are in good agreement with one of the previous studies and a benchmarking measurement was performed against the yield of a beryllium thick target at 2.5 MeV for 135°.
- Published
- 2023
10. Measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged-pion cross-section on argon with the MicroBooNE detector
- Author
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Smith, Andrew
- Subjects
MicroBooNE ,Cross section ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics ,Neutrino ,Charged current single charged pion ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,CC1Pi - Abstract
Several important questions remain open in the field of neutrino oscillation physics, including the possibility of CP-violation in the lepton sector, the ordering of the neutrino mass states and the possible existence of sterile neutrinos. At present, the ability to answer these questions is limited by uncertainties on neutrino-nucleus interaction cross-section models. Consequently, it is key that these uncertainties are constrained by precise cross-section measurements made using experimental data. The MicroBooNE experiment utilises a 90-tonne active mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber to image neutrino interactions at the millimetre scale and is ideally suited to measure complex neutrino-argon interactions. This thesis presents a measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged pion (CC1π± ) cross-section on argon using data from MicroBooNE in the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam. The total flux-integrated forward-folded cross-section is found to be [22.4 ± 0.9 (stat.) ± 5.2 (syst.)] × 10 −41 cm 2, with an efficiency of [18.8 ± 1.3]% and is consistent with the prediction of the GENIE generator. Additionally, the world’s first measurement of the proton-exclusive CC1π ± cross-section is performed with a 300 MeV c−1 proton momentum threshold. Finally, the differential cross-section is extracted with respect to the muon and pion momenta and directions. The pion momentum measurement on argon is also the first to be made. To facilitate these measurements, the Pandora pattern recognition software is employed to identify and reconstruct particle trajectories in MicroBooNE data. A key stage of this process is the identification and removal of cosmic-rays that form the main background to all analyses of neutrino interactions. The approach presented in this thesis is capable of removing 46% of such backgrounds at the cost of only 1.7% of neutrino-induced activity.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Observation of WWW Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector
- Author
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Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abbott, D.C., Abed Abud, A., Abeling, K., Abhayasinghe, D.K., Abidi, S.H., Aboulhorma, A., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Abusleme, Angel, Acharya, B.S., Achkar, B., Adam, L., Adam Bourdarios, C., Adamczyk, L., Adamek, L., Addepalli, S.V., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adorni, S., Adye, T., Affolder, Tony, Affolder, A.A., Afik, Y., Agapopoulou, C., Agaras, M.N., Agarwala, J., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A., Ahmad, A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W.S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Aizenberg, I., Akbiyik, M., Åkesson, T.P.A., Akimov, A.V., Al Khoury, K., Alberghi, G.L., Albert, J., Albicocco, P., Alconada, Josefina, Alderweireldt, S., Aleksa, M., Alexandrov, Igor, Alexa, C., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, A., Alfonsi, F., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Ali, S., Aliev, M., Alimonti, G., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B.M.M., Allport, P.P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Alunno Camelia, E., Alvarez Estevez, M., Alviggi, M.G., Amaral Coutinho, Y., Ambler, A., Ambroz, L., Amelung, C., Amidei, D., Amor dos Santos, S.P., Amoroso, S., Amos, K.R., Amrouche, C.S., Ananiev, V., Anastopoulos, C., Andari, N., Andeen, T., Anders, J.K., Andrean, S.Y., Andreazza, A., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A.V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M.T., Antipov, E., Antonelli, M., Antrim, D.J.A., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Aparisi Pozo, J.A., Aparo, M.A., Aperio Bella, L., Aranzabal, N., Araujo Ferraz, V., Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A.T.H., Arena, E., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J.-H., Armbruster, A.J., Arnaez, O., Arnold, H., Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P., Artoni, G., Asada, H., Asai, K., Asai, S., Asbah, N.A., Asimakopoulou, E.M., Assahsah, J., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Atkin, R.J., Atkinson, M., Atlay, N.B., Atmani, H., Atmasiddha, P.A., Augsten, K., Auricchio, S., Austrup, V.A., Avner, G., Avolio, G., Ayoub, M.K., Azuelos, G., Babal, D., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Bachiu, A., Backman, F., Badea, A., Bagnaia, P., Bahmani, M., Bailey, A.J., Bailey, V.R., Baines, J.T., Bakalis, C., Baker, O.K., Bakker, P.J., Bakos, E., Bakshi Gupta, D., Balaji, S., Balasubramanian, R., Baldin, E.M., Balek, P., Ballabene, E., Balli, F., Baltes, L.M., Balunas, W.K., Balz, J., Banas, E., Bandieramonte, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bansal, S., Barak, L., Barberio, E.L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barbour, G., Barends, K.N., Barillari, T., Barisits, M-S., Barkeloo, J., Barklow, T., Barnett, R.M., Baron, P., Baroncelli, Toni, Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A.J., Barranco Navarro, L., Barreiro, F., Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J., Barron, U., Barsov, S., Bartels, F., Bartoldus, R., Bartolini, G., Barton, A.E., Bartos, P., Basalaev, A., Basan, A., Baselga, M., Bashta, I., Bassalat, A., Basso, M.J., Basson, C.R., Bates, R.L., Batlamous, S., Batley, J.R., Batool, B., Battaglia, M., Bauce, M., Bauer, F., Bauer, P., Bayirli, A., Beacham, J.B., Beau, T., Beauchemin, P.H., Becherer, F., Bechtle, P., Beck, H.P., Becker, K., Becot, C., Beddall, A.J., Bednyakov, V.A., Bee, C.P., Beemster, L.J., Beermann, T.A., Begalli, M., Begel, M., Behera, A., Behr, J.K., Beirao da Cruz E Silva, C., Beirer, J.F., Beisiegel, F., Belfkir, M., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellos, P., Beloborodov, K., Belotskiy, K., Belyaev, N.L., Benchekroun, D., Benhammou, Y., Benjamin, D.P., Benoit, M., Bensinger, Jim, Bentvelsen, S., Beresford, L., Beretta, M., Berge, D., Bergeaas Kuutmann, E., Berger, N., Bergmann, B., Bergsten, L.J., Beringer, J., Berlendis, S., Bernardi, G., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F.U., Berry, T., Berta, P., Bertram, I.A., Bessidskaia Bylund, O., Bethke, S., Betti, A., Bevan, A.J., Bhatta, S., Bhattacharya, D.S., Bhattarai, P., Bhopatkar, V.S., Bi, R., Bianchi, R.M., Biebel, O., Bielski, R., Biesuz, N.V., Biglietti, M., Billoud, T.R.V., Bindi, M., Bingul, A., Bini, C., Biondi, S., Biondini, A., Birch-Sykes, C.J., Bird, G.A., Birman, M., Bisanz, T., Biswal, J.P., Biswas, D., Bitadze, A., Bjørke, K., Bloch, I., Blocker, C., Blue, A., Blumenschein, U., Blumenthal, J., Bobbink, G.J., Bobrovnikov, V.S., Boehler, M., Bogavac, D., Bogdanchikov, A.G., Bohm, C., Boisvert, V., Bokan, P., Bold, T., Bomben, M., Bona, M., Boonekamp, M., Booth, C.D., Borbély, A.G., Borecka-Bielska, H.M., Borgna, L.S., Borissov, G., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Bosman, M., Bossio, Jonathan, Bouaouda, K., Boudreau, J., Bouhova-Thacker, Eva, Boumediene, D., Bouquet, R., Boveia, A., Boyd, J., Boye, D., Boyko, I.R., Bracinik, J., Brahimi, N., Brandt, G., Brandt, O., Braren, F., Brau, B., Brau, Jim, Breaden Madden, W.D., Brendlinger, K., Brener, R., Brenner, L., Brenner, R., Bressler, S., Brickwedde, B., Britton, D., Britzger, D., Brock, I., Brooijmans, G., Brooks, W.K., Brost, E., Bruckman de Renstrom, P.A., Brüers, B., Bruncko, D., Bruni, A., Bruni, G., Bruschi, M., Bruscino, N., Bryngemark, L., Buanes, T., Buat, Q., Buchholz, P., Buckley, A.G., Budagov, I.A., Bugge, M.K., Bulekov, O., Bullard, B.A., Burdin, S., Burgard, Carsten, Burger, A.M., Burghgrave, B., Burr, Jon, Burton, C.D., Burzynski, J.C., Busch, E.L., Büscher, V., Bussey, P.J., Butler, J.M., Buttar, C.M., Butterworth, J.M., Buttinger, W., Buxo Vazquez, C.J., Buzykaev, A.R., Cabras, G., Cabrera Urbán, S., Caforio, D., Cai, H., Cairo, V.M.M., Cakir, O., Calace, N., Calafiura, P., Calderini, G., Calfayan, P., Callea, G., Caloba, L.P., Calvet, D., Calvet, S., Calvet, T.P., Calvetti, M., Camacho Toro, R., Camarda, S., Camarero Munoz, D., Camarri, P., Camerlingo, M.T., Cameron, D., Camincher, C., Campanelli, M., Camplani, A., Canale, V., Canesse, A., Cano Bret, M., Cantero, J., Cao, Y., Capocasa, F., Capua, M., Carbone, A., Cardarelli, R., Cardenas, Juan Carlos, Cardillo, F., Carducci, G., Carli, T., Carlino, G., Carlson, Ben, Carlson, E.M., Carminati, L., Carnesale, M., Caron, S., Carquin, E., Carrá, S., Carratta, G., Carter, J.W.S., Carter, T.M., Casadei, D., Casado Lechuga, Pilar, Chen, H., Potter, C.J., Chen, X., Li, H., He, Y., Huang, Y., Kahn, A., Han, L., Li, Z., Liu, Y., Lou, X., Chan, Terry Ws, Chen, B., Rossi, E., Sun, S., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Wang, R., Cheng, Alkaid, Crosetti, Nanni, Cunningham, Liam, Darbo, Nanni, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Gabrielli, Andrea, Ghosh, A., Hommels, Bart, Hsu, Pai-Hsien, Kaya, Colette, Khubua, Djemal, Kock, Daniela, Kowalewski, Bob, Kroll, Jiri, Kroll, Ira Joseph, Koultchitski, Yuri, Le Compte, Tom, Li, Boyang, Li, Bing, Liss, Anthony Michael, Macdonell, Danika Marina, Casado, M.P., Casha, A.F., Castiglia, E.G., Castillo, F.L., Castillo Garcia, L., Castillo Gimenez, V., Castro, N.F., Catinaccio, A., Catmore, J.R., Cavaliere, V., Cavalli, N., Cavasinni, V., Celebi, E., Celli, F., Centonze, M.S., Cerny, K., Cerqueira, A.S., Cerri, A., Cerrito, L., Cerutti, F., Cervelli, A., Cetin, S.A., Chadi, Z., Chakraborty, D., Chala, M., Chan, J., Chan, W.S., Chan, W.Y., Chapman, J.D., Chargeishvili, B., Charlton, D.G., Charman, T.P., Chatterjee, M., Chekanov, S., Chekulaev, S.V., Shelkov, G., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chen, S.J., Chen, Y., Cheng, C.L., Cheng, Hok Chuen Tom, Cheplakov, A., Cheremushkina, E., Cherepanova, E., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Cheu, E., Cheung, K., Chevalier, L., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, G., Chiodini, G., Chisholm, A.S., Chitan, A., Chiu, Y.H., Chizhov, M.V., Choi, K., Chomont, A.R., Chou, Y., Chow, Edwin, Chowdhury, T., Christopher, L.D., Chu, M.C., Chu, X., Chudoba, J., Chwastowski, J.J., Cieri, D., Ciesla, K.M., Cindro, V., Ciocio, A., Cirotto, F., Citron, Zvi, Citterio, M., Ciubotaru, D.A., Ciungu, B.M., Clark, A., Clark, P.J., Clavijo Columbie, J.M., Clawson, S.E., Clement, C., Clissa, L., Coadou, Y., Cobal, M., Coccaro, A., Barrue, Ricardo, Coelho Lopes de Sa, R., Coelli, S., Cohen, H., Coimbra, Artur, Cole, B., Collot, J., Conde Muiño, P., Connell, S.H., Connelly, I.A., Conroy, E.I., Conventi, F., Cooke, H.G., Sarkar, Amanda, Cormier, F., Corpe, L.D., Corradi, M., Corrigan, E.E., Corriveau, F., Costa, M.J., Costanza, F., Costanzo, D., Cote, B.M., Cowan, G., Cowley, J.W., Cranmer, K., Crépé-Renaudin, S., Crescioli, F., Cristinziani, M., Cristoforetti, M., Croft, V., Crosetti, G., Cueto, A., Cuhadar Donszelmann, T., Cui, H., Cui, Z., Cukierman, A.R., Cunningham, W.R., Curcio, F., Czodrowski, P., Czurylo, M.M., Sousa, Mario Jose, da Fonseca Pinto, J.V., da Via, C., Dabrowski, W., Dado, T., Dahbi, S., Dai, T., Dallapiccola, C., Dam, M., d'Amen, G., d'Amico, V., Damp, J., Dandoy, J.R., Daneri, M.F., Danninger, M., Dao, V., Darbo, G., Darmora, S., Dattagupta, A., d'Auria, S., David, C., Davidek, T., Davis, D.R., Davis-Purcell, B., Dawson, I., De, K., de Asmundis, R., de Beurs, M., de Castro, S., De Groot, N., de Jong, P., de la Torre, H., de Maria, A., de Salvo, A., de Sanctis, U., de Santis, M., de Santo, A., de Vivie de Regie, J.B., Dedovich, D.V., Degens, J., Deiana, A.M., del Peso, J., del Rio, F., Deliot, F., Delitzsch, C.M., Della Pietra, M., Della Volpe, D., Dell'Acqua, A., Dell'Asta, L., Delmastro, M., Delsart, P.A., Demers, S., Demichev, M., Denisov, S.P., d'Eramo, L., Derendarz, D., Derue, F., Dervan, P., Desch, K., Dette, K., Deutsch, C., Deviveiros, P.O., Di Bello, F.A., Di Ciaccio, A., Di Ciaccio, L., Di Domenico, A., Di Donato, C., Di Girolamo, A., Di Gregorio, G., Di Luca, A., Di Micco, B., Di Nardo, R., Diaconu, C., Dias, F.A., Vale, Tiago, Diaz, M.A., Diaz Capriles, F.G., Didenko, M., Diehl, E.B., Díez Cornell, S., Diez Pardos, C., Dimitriadi, C., Dimitrievska, A., Ding, W., Dingfelder, J., Dinu, I-M., Dittmeier, S.J., Dittus, F., Djama, F., Djobava, T., Djuvsland, J.I., Dodsworth, D., Doglioni, C., Dolejsi, J., Dolezal, Z., Donadelli, M., Dong, B., Donini, J., d'Onofrio, A., d'Onofrio, M., Dopke, J., Doria, A., Dova, M.T., Doyle, A.T., Drechsler, E., Dreyer, E., Drobac, A.S., Du, D., Du Pree, T.A., Dubinin, F., Dubovsky, M., Duchovni, E., Duckeck, G., Ducu, O.A., Duda, D., Dudarev, A., d'Uffizi, M., Duflot, L., Dührssen, M., Dülsen, C., Dumitriu, A.E., Dunford, M., Dungs, S., Dunne, K., Duperrin, A., Yildiz, Duran, Düren, M., Durglishvili, A., Dutta, B., Dwyer, B.L., Dyckes, Ian, Dyndal, M., Dysch, S., Dziedzic, B.S., Eckerova, B., Eggleston, M.G., Egidio Purcino de Souza, E., Ehrke, L.F., Eigen, G., Einsweiler, K., Ekelof, T., El Ghazali, Y., El Jarrari, H., El Moussaouy, A., Ellajosyula, V., Ellert, M., Ellinghaus, F., Elliot, A.A., Ellis, N., Elmsheuser, J., Elsing, M., Emeliyanov, D., Emerman, A., Enari, Y., Ene, I., Erdmann, J., Ereditato, A., Erland, P.A., Errenst, M., Escalier, M., Escobar, C., Etzion, E., Evans, G., Evans, H., Evans, M.O., Ezhilov, A., Ezzarqtouni, S., Fabbri, F., Fabbri, L., Facini, G., Fadeyev, V., Fakhrutdinov, R.M., Falciano, S., Falke, P.J., Falke, S., Faltova, J., Fan, Y., Fang, Y., Fanourakis, G., Fanti, M., Faraj, M., Farbin, A., Farilla, A., Farina, E.M., Farooque, T., Farrington, S.M., Fassi, F., Fassouliotis, D., Faucci Giannelli, M., Fawcett, W.J., Fayard, L., Fedin, O.L., Fedotov, G., Feickert, Matthew, Feligioni, L., Fell, A., Fellers, D.E., Feng, C., Feng, M., Fenton, M.J., Fenyuk, A.B., Ferguson, S.W., Fernandez Pretel, J.A., Ferrando, James, Ferrari, A., Ferrari, P., Ferrari, R., Ferrere, D., Ferretti, C., Fiedler, F., Filipčič, A., Filthaut, F., Fiolhais, M.C.N., Fiorini, L., Fischer, F., Fisher, W.C., Fitschen, T., Fleck, I., Fleischmann, P., Flick, T., Flores, L., Flores, M., Flores Castillo, L.R., Follega, F.M., Fomin, N., Foo, J.H., Forland, B.C., Formica, A., Forti, A.C., Fortin, E., Fortman, A.W., Foti, M.G., Fountas, L., Fournier, D., Fox, H., Francavilla, P., Francescato, S., Franchini, M., Franchino, S., Francis, D., Franco, L., Franconi, L., Franklin, M., Frattari, G., Freegard, A.C., Freeman, P.M., Freund, W.S., Freundlich, E.M., Froidevaux, D., Frost, J.A., Fu, Y., Fujimoto, M., Fullana Torregrosa, E., Fuster, J., Gadow, Philipp, Gagliardi, G., Gagnon, L.G., Gallardo, G.E., Gallas, E.J., Gallop, B.J., Gamboa Goni, R., Gan, K.K., Ganguly, S., Gao, J., Gao, Y., Garay Walls, F.M., Garcia, B., García, C., García Navarro, J.E., Garcia, Juanan, Garcia-Sciveres, M., Gardner, Robert William, Garg, D., Garg, R.B., Gargiulo, S., Garner, C.A., Garonne, V., Gasiorowski, S.J., Gaspar, P., Gaudio, G., Gauzzi, P., Gavrilenko, I.L., Gavrilyuk, A., Gay, C., Gaycken, G., Gazis, E.N., Geanta, A.A., Gee, C.M., Geisen, J., Geisen, M., Gemme, C., Genest, M.H., Gentile, S., George, S., George, W.F., Geralis, T., Gerlach, L.O., Gessinger-Befurt, P., Ghasemi Bostanabad, M., Giacobbe, B., Giagu, S., Giangiacomi, N., Giannetti, P., Giannini, A., Gibson, S.M., Gignac, M., Gil, D.T., Gilbert, B.J., Gillberg, D., Gilles, G., Gillwald, Nils, Ginabat, L., Gingrich, D.M., Giordani, M.P., Giraud, P.F., Giugliarelli, G., Giugni, D., Giuli, F., Gkialas, I., Gkountoumis, P., Gladilin, L.K., Glasman, C., Gledhill, G.R., Glisic, M., Gnesi, I., Go, Y., Goblirsch-Kolb, M., Godin, D., Goldfarb, S., Golling, T., Golubkov, D., Gombas, J.P., Gomes, A., Goncalves Gama, R., Gonçalo, R., Gonella, G., Gonella, L., Gongadze, A., Gonnella, F., Gonski, J.L., 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Takeva, E.P., Takubo, Y., Talby, M., Talyshev, A.A., Tam, K.C., Tamir, N.M., Tanaka, A., Tanaka, J., Tanaka, R., Tang, J., Tao, Z., Tapia Araya, S., Tapprogge, S., Tarek, Ahmed, Tarem, S., Tariq, K., Tarna, G., Tartarelli, G.F., Tas, P., Tasevsky, M., Tassi, E., Tateno, G., Tayalati, Y., Taylor, G.N., Taylor, W., Teagle, H., Tee, Amy, Teixeira de Lima, R., Teixeira-Dias, P., Teoh, J.J., Terashi, K., Terron, J., Terzo, S., Testa, M., Teuscher, R.J., Themistokleous, N., Theveneaux-Pelzer, T., Thielmann, O., Thomas, D.W., Thomas, J.P., Thompson, E.A., Thompson, P.D., Thomson, E., Thorpe, E.J., Tian, Y., Tikhomirov, Vladimir, Tikhonov, Iouri, Tikhonov, Yu.A., Timoshenko, S., Ting, E.X.L., Tipton, P., Tisserant, S., Tlou, S.H., Tnourji, A., Todome, K., Todorova, Sarka, Todt, S., Togawa, M., Tojo, J., Tokár, S., Tokushuku, K., Tombs, R., Tomoto, M., Tompkins, L., Tornambe, P., Torrence, E., Torres, H., Torró Pastor, E., Toscani, M., Tosciri, C., Tovey, D.R., Traeet, A., Trandafir, I.S., 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B.T., Wittgen, M., Wobisch, M., Wolf, A., Wölker, R., Wollrath, J., Wolter, M.W., Wolters, H., Wong, V.W.S., Wongel, A.F., Worm, S.D., Wosiek, B.K., Woźniak, K.W., Wraight, K., Wu, J., Wu, S.L., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Wuerzinger, J., Wyatt, T.R., Wynne, B.M., Xella, S., Xia, L., Xia, M., Xiang, J., Xiao, X., Xie, M., Xie, X., Xiotidis, I., Xu, D., Xu, H., Xu, L., Xu, R., Xu, T., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yabsley, B., Yacoob, S., Yamaguchi, N., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamauchi, H., Yamazaki, T., Yamazaki, Y., Yan, J., Yan, S., Yan, Z., Yang, H.J., Yang, H.T., Yang, S., Yang, T., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yao, W-M., Yap, Y.C., Ye, H., Ye, J., Ye, S., Ye, X., Yeletskikh, I., Yexley, M.R., Yin, P., Yorita, K., Young, C.J.S., Young, C., Yuan, M., Yuan, R., Yue, X., Zaazoua, M., Zabinski, B., Zacharis, G., Zaid, E., Zaitsev, A.M., Zakareishvili, T., Zakharchuk, N., Zambito, S., Zanzi, D., Zaplatilek, O., Zeißner, S.V., Zeitnitz, C., Zeng, J.C., Zenger, Douglas Todd, Zenin, O., Ženiš, T., Zenz, S., Zerradi, S., Zerwas, D., Zhang, B., Zhang, D.F., Zhang, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, K., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Zhao, H., Zhao, P., Zhao, T., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Z., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, Z., Zhong, D., Zhou, B., Zhou, C., Zhou, H., Zhou, N., Zhou, Y., Zhu, C.G., Zhu, C., Zhu, H.L., Zhu, H., Zhu, J., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, X., Zhukov, K., Zhulanov, V., Zieminska, D., Zimine, N.I., Zimmermann, S., Zinsser, J., Ziolkowski, M., Živković, L., Zoccoli, A., Zoch, K., Zorbas, T.G., Zormpa, O., Zou, W., Zwalinski, L., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre 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National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ATLAS, Aad, G, Abbott, B, Abbott, D C, Abed Abud, A, Abeling, K, Abhayasinghe, D K, Abidi, S H, Aboulhorma, A, Abramowicz, H, Abreu, H, Abulaiti, Y, Abusleme Hoffman, A C, Acharya, B S, Achkar, B, Adam, L, Adam Bourdarios, C, Adamczyk, L, Adamek, L, Addepalli, S V, Adelman, J, Adiguzel, A, Adorni, S, Adye, T, Affolder, A A, Afik, Y, Agapopoulou, C, 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Stapf, B, Starchenko, E A, Stark, G H, Stark, J, Starko, D M, Staroba, P, Starovoitov, P, Stärz, S, Staszewski, R, Stavropoulos, G, Steentoft, J, Steinberg, P, Steinhebel, A L, Stelzer, B, Stelzer, H J, Stelzer-Chilton, O, Stenzel, H, Stevenson, T J, Stewart, G A, Stockton, M C, Stoicea, G, Stolarski, M, Stonjek, S, Straessner, A, Strandberg, J, Strandberg, S, Strauss, M, Strebler, T, Strizenec, P, Ströhmer, R, Strom, D M, Strom, L R, Stroynowski, R, Strubig, A, Stucci, S A, Stugu, B, Stupak, J, Styles, N A, Su, D, Su, S, Su, W, Su, X, Sugizaki, K, Sulin, V V, Sullivan, M J, Sultan, D M S, Sultanaliyeva, L, Sultansoy, S, Sumida, T, Sun, S, Gudnadottir, O Sunneborn, Sutton, M R, Svatos, M, Swiatlowski, M, Swirski, T, Sykora, I, Sykora, M, Sykora, T, Ta, D, Tackmann, K, Taffard, A, Tafirout, R, Taibah, R H M, Takashima, R, Takeda, K, Takeva, E P, Takubo, Y, Talby, M, Talyshev, A A, Tam, K C, Tamir, N M, Tanaka, A, Tanaka, J, Tanaka, R, Tang, J, Tao, Z, Tapia Araya, S, Tapprogge, S, Tarek 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Tsirigotis, A, Tsiskaridze, V, Tskhadadze, E G, Tsopoulou, M, Tsujikawa, Y, Tsukerman, I I, Tsulaia, V, Tsuno, S, Tsur, O, Tsybychev, D, Tu, Y, Tudorache, A, Tudorache, V, Tuna, A N, Turchikhin, S, Turk Cakir, I, Turra, R, Tuts, P M, Tzamarias, S, Tzanis, P, Tzovara, E, Uchida, K, Ukegawa, F, Ulloa Poblete, P A, Unal, G, Unal, M, Undrus, A, Unel, G, Uno, K, Urban, J, Urquijo, P, Usai, G, Ushioda, R, Usman, M, Uysal, Z, Vacek, V, Vachon, B, Vadla, K O H, Vafeiadis, T, Valderanis, C, Valdes Santurio, E, Valente, M, Valentinetti, S, Valero, A, Vallier, A, Valls Ferrer, J A, Van Daalen, T R, Van Gemmeren, P, Van Stroud, S, Van Vulpen, I, Vanadia, M, Vandelli, W, Vandenbroucke, M, Vandewall, E R, Vannicola, D, Vannoli, L, Vari, R, Varnes, E W, Varni, C, Varol, T, Varouchas, D, Varvell, K E, Vasile, M E, Vaslin, L, Vasquez, G A, Vazeille, F, Vazquez Furelos, D, Vazquez Schroeder, T, Veatch, J, Vecchio, V, Veen, M J, Veliscek, I, Veloce, L M, Veloso, F, Veneziano, S, Ventura, A, Verbytskyi, A, Verducci, M, Vergis, C, Verissimo De Araujo, M, Verkerke, W, Vermeulen, J C, Vernieri, C, Verschuuren, P J, Vessella, M, Vesterbacka, M L, Vetterli, M C, Vgenopoulos, A, Viaux Maira, N, Vickey, T, Vickey Boeriu, O E, Viehhauser, G H A, Vigani, L, Villa, M, Villaplana Perez, M, Villhauer, E M, Vilucchi, E, Vincter, M G, Virdee, G S, Vishwakarma, A, Vittori, C, Vivarelli, I, Vladimirov, V, Voevodina, E, Vogel, M, Vokac, P, Von Ahnen, J, Von Toerne, E, Vormwald, B, Vorobel, V, Vorobev, K, Vos, M, Vossebeld, J H, Vozak, M, Vozdecky, L, Vranjes, N, Vranjes Milosavljevic, M, Vrba, V, Vreeswijk, M, Vu, N K, Vuillermet, R, Vujinovic, O V, Vukotic, I, Wada, S, Wagner, C, Wagner, W, Wahdan, S, Wahlberg, H, Wakasa, R, Wakida, M, Walbrecht, V M, Walder, J, Walker, R, Walkowiak, W, Wang, A M, Wang, A Z, Wang, C, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, P, Wang, R-J, Wang, R, Wang, S M, Wang, S, Wang, T, Wang, W T, Wang, W X, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Warburton, A, Ward, R J, Warrack, N, Watson, A T, Watson, M F, Watts, G, Waugh, B M, Webb, A F, Weber, C, Weber, M S, Weber, S A, Weber, S M, Wei, C, Wei, Y, Weidberg, A R, Weingarten, J, Weirich, M, Weiser, C, Wenaus, T, Wendland, B, Wengler, T, Wenke, N S, Wermes, N, Wessels, M, Whalen, K, Wharton, A M, White, A S, White, A, White, M J, Whiteson, D, Wickremasinghe, L, Wiedenmann, W, Wiel, C, Wielers, M, Wieseotte, N, Wiglesworth, C, Wiik-Fuchs, L A M, Wilbern, D J, Wilkens, H G, Williams, D M, Williams, H H, Williams, S, Willocq, S, Windischhofer, P J, Winklmeier, F, Winter, B T, Wittgen, M, Wobisch, M, Wolf, A, Wölker, R, Wollrath, J, Wolter, M W, Wolters, H, Wong, V W S, Wongel, A F, Worm, S D, Wosiek, B K, Woźniak, K W, Wraight, K, Wu, J, Wu, S L, Wu, X, Wu, Y, Wu, Z, Wuerzinger, J, Wyatt, T R, Wynne, B M, Xella, S, Xia, L, Xia, M, Xiang, J, Xiao, X, Xie, M, Xie, X, Xiotidis, I, Xu, D, Xu, H, Xu, L, Xu, R, Xu, T, Xu, W, Xu, Y, Xu, Z, Yabsley, B, Yacoob, S, Yamaguchi, N, Yamaguchi, Y, Yamauchi, H, Yamazaki, T, Yamazaki, Y, Yan, J, Yan, S, Yan, Z, Yang, H J, Yang, H T, Yang, S, Yang, T, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yao, W-M, Yap, Y C, Ye, H, Ye, J, Ye, S, Ye, X, Yeletskikh, I, Yexley, M R, Yin, P, Yorita, K, Young, C J S, Young, C, Yuan, M, Yuan, R, Yue, X, Zaazoua, M, Zabinski, B, Zacharis, G, Zaid, E, Zaitsev, A M, Zakareishvili, T, Zakharchuk, N, Zambito, S, Zanzi, D, Zaplatilek, O, Zeißner, S V, Zeitnitz, C, Zeng, J C, Zenger, D T, Zenin, O, Ženiš, T, Zenz, S, Zerradi, S, Zerwas, D, Zhang, B, Zhang, D F, Zhang, G, Zhang, J, Zhang, K, Zhang, L, Zhang, M, Zhang, R, Zhang, S, Zhang, X, Zhang, Z, Zhao, H, Zhao, P, Zhao, T, Zhao, Y, Zhao, Z, Zhemchugov, A, Zheng, Z, Zhong, D, Zhou, B, Zhou, C, Zhou, H, Zhou, N, Zhou, Y, Zhu, C G, Zhu, C, Zhu, H L, Zhu, H, Zhu, J, Zhu, Y, Zhuang, X, Zhukov, K, Zhulanov, V, Zieminska, D, Zimine, N I, Zimmermann, S, Zinsser, J, Ziolkowski, M, Živković, L, Zoccoli, A, Zoch, K, Zorbas, T G, Zormpa, O, Zou, W, and Zwalinski, L
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electron ,lepton ,higher-order ,13000 GeV-cms ,measured [channel cross section] ,((n)jet dilepton) [final state] ,0 [higher-order] ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,scattering [p p] ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,decay modes [W] ,multiple production [W] ,Settore FIS/01 ,cross section ,higher-order: 0 ,higher-order: 1 ,perturbation theory: higher-order ,ATLAS ,final state: (3lepton) ,(3lepton) [final state] ,higher-order, 1 ,p p ,CERN LHC Coll ,higher-order, 0 ,measured ,colliding beams [p p] ,channel cross section: measured ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,1 [higher-order] ,perturbation theory [quantum chromodynamics] ,p p: scattering ,p p, scattering ,FOS: Physical sciences ,cross section, measured ,Hadron-hadron scattering ,same sign ,muon ,quantum chromodynamics ,TeV ,ddc:530 ,quantum chromodynamics: perturbation theory ,electroweak interaction ,final state: ((n)jet dilepton) ,background ,scattering ,W: multiple production ,higher-order [perturbation theory] ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,W: decay modes ,p p: colliding beams ,experimental results - Abstract
Physical review letters 129(6), 061803 (2022). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.061803, This Letter reports the observation of WWW production and a measurement of its cross section using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events with two same-sign leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two jets, as well as events with three charged leptons, are selected. A multivariate technique is then used to discriminate between signal and background events. Events from WWW production are observed with a significance of 8.0 standard deviations, where the expectation is 5.4 standard deviations. The inclusive WWW production cross section is measured to be 820±100 (stat)±80 (syst) fb, approximately 2.6 standard deviations from the predicted cross section of 511±18 fb calculated at next-to-leading-order QCD and leading-order electroweak accuracy., Published by APS, College Park, Md.
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- 2022
12. Enlighting the transverse structure of the proton via double parton scattering in photon-induced interactions
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Federico Alberto Ceccopieri, Matteo Rinaldi, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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second keyword ,jet: photoproduction ,Nuclear Theory ,cross section ,[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th] ,third keyword ,FOS: Physical sciences ,model: hadronic ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,DESY HERA Stor ,transverse ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,wave function: light cone ,first keyword ,photon p: interaction ,kinematics ,parton: multiple scattering ,[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph] ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,luminosity ,structure ,Nuclear Experiment ,photon: wave function ,photon: virtual - Abstract
In the present paper we address double parton scattering (DPS) in quasi-real photon-proton interactions. By using electromagnetic and hadronic models of the photon light cone wave functions, we compute the so-called effective cross-section, $\sigma_{eff}^{\gamma p}$ which allows us to calculate the DPS contribution to these processes under dedicated assumptions. In particular, for the four-jet photoproduction in HERA kinematics we found a sizeable DPS contribution. We show that if the photon virtuality $Q^2$ could be measured and thus the dependence of $\sigma_{eff}^{\gamma p}$ on such a parameter exposed, information on the transverse distance between partons active in proton could be extracted. To this aim, we set lower limits on the integrated luminosity needed to observe such an effect which would allow the extraction of novel information on the proton structure., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. Accepted version in Physical Review D letters. Added i) more details on the analyses presented ii) supplemental material iii) new calculations of the single parton scattering four jet photo-production cross-section
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- 2022
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13. LASER INFLUENCE ON NUCLEAR REACTIONS
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Ayryan, E.A., Gevorkyan, A.S., Hnatic, M., Kopcansky, P., Oganesyan, K.B., Papoyan, V.V., Rostovtsev Yu.V., and Timko, M.
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neutron ,cross section ,Nuclear Theory ,Nuclear Experiment ,nuclear reaction ,laser - Abstract
For the compound nucleus the induced nuclear reactions are considered for s neutrons near p resonances in the presence of a strong electromagnetic field . The cross sections as functions of the resonance parameters and the laser-radiation power are found.
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- 2022
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14. Cross section measurement of the muon neutrino charged current single positive pion interaction on hydrocarbon using the T2K near detector with 4∏ solid angle acceptance
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Vargas Oliva, Danaisis, Lux, Thorsten, Sánchez Nieto, Federico, and Crespo Vicente, Jose Maria
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Neutrino physics ,Cross section ,Angulos de adler ,Adler angles ,Ciències Experimentals ,Física de neutrinos ,Secció eficaç ,Física de neutrins ,Sección eficaz ,Angles d'adler - Abstract
T2K és un experiment de neutrinos de base llarga situat a Japó que té com a objectiu medir les oscil·lacions de neutrinos. La línia de llum de neutrins està dissenyada perquè l’espectre d’energia dels neutrins es pugui ajustar, fet que converteix T2K en el primer experiment a utilitzar fora de l’eix. Un accelerador produeix neutrins, que se detecten en un complex de detectors propers i un detector llejano (Super-Kamiokande). Las interaccions de corriente cargada de neutrino muónico en el detector cercano (ND280) s’utilitzen per determinar la tasa d’esdeveniments en el detector lejano i restringir millor els paràmetres de la secció eficaç, que és dominant en l’anàlisi de l’oscil·lació, junt amb la incertesa. en el flux. Presentem l’estudi de les interaccions de corrent carregada al carboni amb un sol pió carregat positivament a l’estat final en el detector proper fora del T2K. Esta senyal, definit com un muó amb càrrega negativa (amb acceptació d’angle sòlid de 4$\pi$), un pió amb càrrega positiva (que es pot observar en el TPC, com una pista aislada en el FGD oa través de l’etiquetatge de electrones de Michel), no mesones i qualsevol nombre de nucleons com a partícules d’estat final. Aquesta senyal constituye l’antecedent principal per a la medició de la desaparició de neutrins muònics quan no es veu el pió carregat, i el seu coneixement preciso és rellevant per a tots els experiments d’oscil·lació de neutrins actuals i planificats. La producció d’un sol pió és sensible principalment als processos ressonants, amb algunes contribucions a la producció de pions no ressonants i coherents. A més, s’han de considerar les interaccions d’estat final en l’objectiu nuclear. La medició de la senyal CC$1\pi^+$ es basa en un resultat anterior, amb canvis significatius en els rangs de partícules cinemàtiques considerades, acceptació d’angles sòlids, un augment en les estadístiques i un nou tractament per a l’avaluació i propagació de incertidumbres sistemàtics. Aquesta tesis ha produït un conjunt de seccions transversals CC$1\pi^+$ de neutrinos muònics de flux integrat en hidrocarburs utilitzant les dades del detector proper fora del T2K. Aquestes mesures de secció transversal s’utilitzen per reduir la sistemàtica relacionada amb el model, que serà especialment important per als experiments d’oscil·lació de la propera generació. Los ángulos de Adler son observables y transportan información sobre la polarización de la resonancia Delta y la interferencia con la producción de un solo pión no resonante. Es van mesurar estadístiques limitades en experiments de càmera de burbuixes, però és possible medir els angles d’Adler per a la producció de pions carregats individuals en interaccions de neutrins amb nuclis pesats blancs. T2K es un experimento de neutrinos de base larga ubicado en Japón que tiene como objetivo medir las oscilaciones de neutrinos. La línea de luz de neutrinos está diseñada para que el espectro de energía de los neutrinos se pueda ajustar, lo que convierte a T2K en el primer experimento en usar fuera del eje. Un acelerador produce neutrinos, que se detectan en un complejo de detectores cercanos y un detector lejano (Super-Kamiokande). Las interacciones de corriente cargada de neutrino muónico en el detector cercano (ND280) se utilizan para predecir la tasa de eventos en el detector lejano y restringir mejor los parámetros de la sección eficaz, que es dominante en el análisis de oscilación, junto con la incertidumbre en el flujo. Presentamos el estudio de las interacciones de corriente cargada en el carbono con un solo pión cargado positivamente en el estado final en el detector cercano fuera del eje T2K. Esta señal, definida como un muón con carga negativa (con aceptación de ángulo sólido de 4$\pi$), un pión con carga positiva (que se puede observar en el TPC, como una pista aislada en el FGD o a través del etiquetado de electrones de Michel), no mesones y cualquier número de nucleones como partículas de estado final. Esta señal constituye el antecedente principal para la medición de la desaparición de neutrinos muónicos cuando no se observa el pión cargado, y su conocimiento preciso es relevante para todos los experimentos de oscilación de neutrinos actuales y planificados. La producción de un solo pión es sensible principalmente a los procesos resonantes, con algunas contribuciones a la producción de piones no resonantes y coherentes. Además, se deben considerar las interacciones de estado final en el objetivo nuclear. La medición de la señal CC$1\pi^+$ se basa en un resultado anterior, con cambios significativos en los rangos de partículas cinemáticas considerados, aceptación de ángulos sólidos, un aumento en las estadísticas y un nuevo tratamiento para la evaluación y propagación de incertidumbres sistemáticas. Esta tesis ha producido un conjunto de secciones transversales CC$1\pi^+$ de neutrinos muónicos de flujo integrado en hidrocarburos utilizando los datos del detector cercano fuera del eje T2K. Estas medidas de sección transversal se utilizan para reducir la sistemática relacionada con el modelo, que será especialmente importante para los experimentos de oscilación de próxima generación. Los ángulos de Adler son observables y transportan información sobre la polarización de la resonancia Delta y la interferencia con la producción de un solo pión no resonante. Se midieron con estadísticas limitadas en experimentos de cámara de burbujas, pero es posible medir los ángulos de Adler para la producción de piones cargados individuales en interacciones de neutrinos con núcleos pesados blanco. T2K is a long-baseline neutrino experiment located in Japan that aims to measure neutrino oscillations. The neutrino beamline is designed so that the neutrino energy spectrum can be tuned making T2K the first experiment to use off-axis. An accelerator produces neutrinos, which are detected in a near detector complex and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande). The muon neutrino charged current interactions in the near detector (ND280) are used to predict the event rate at the far detector and better constrain the cross section parameters, which is dominant in the oscillation analysis, together with the flux uncertainty. We present the study of charged current interactions on carbon with a single positively charged pion in the final state at the T2K off-axis near detector. This signal, defined as a single negatively charged muon and a single positively charged pion exiting from the target nucleus with 4$\pi$ solid angle acceptance, constitutes the main background for the muon neutrino disappearance measurement when the charged pion is not observed, and its precise knowledge is relevant for all current and planned neutrino oscillation experiments. Single pion production is sensitive mainly to resonant processes, with some non-resonant and coherent pion production contributions. Additionally, final-state interactions in the nuclear target have to be considered. The CC$1\pi^+$ signal measurement builds on a previous result, with significant changes to the kinematic particle ranges considered, solid angle acceptance, an increase in statistics, and a new treatment for the evaluation and propagation of systematic uncertainties. This thesis has produced a set of flux integrated muon neutrino CC1pi+ cross sections on hydrocarbon using the T2K off-axis near detector data. These cross section measurements are used to reduce model-related systematics, which will be particularly important for next generation oscillation experiments. Adler Angles are observable carrying information about the polarization of the Delta resonance and the interference with the non-resonant single pion production. They were measured with limited statistics in bubble chamber experiments, but it is possible to measure the Adler angles for single charged pion production in neutrino interactions with heavy nuclei as the target. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Física
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- 2022
15. Accurate determination of production data of the non-standard positron emitter 86Y via the 86Sr(p,n)-reaction
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Jonathan T. Morrell, Haleema Zaneb, Ingo Spahn, Andrew S. Voyles, M. Shamsuzzhoha Basunia, Stefan Spellerberg, Jesus A. Rios, L. A. Bernstein, Sándor Sudár, M. Shuza Uddin, Bernd Neumaier, Syed M. Qaim, and Bernhard Scholten
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Nuclear reaction ,Analytical chemistry ,nuclear model calculation ,Flux ,Induced radioactivity ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,integral yield and isotopic purity of the product ,Gamma spectroscopy ,ddc:610 ,Irradiation ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Excitation function ,cross section ,(SrCO3)-Sr-86 thin sample ,Chemistry ,proton irradiation ,0104 chemical sciences ,excitation function ,Yield (chemistry) ,Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry ,Excitation - Abstract
In view of several significant discrepancies in the excitation function of the 86Sr(p,n)86g+xmY reaction which is the method of choice for the production of the non-standard positron emitter 86Y for theranostic application, we carried out a careful measurement of the cross sections of this reaction from its threshold up to 16.2 MeV at Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) and from 14.3 to 24.5 MeV at LBNL. Thin samples of 96.4% enriched 86SrCO3 were prepared by sedimentation and, after irradiation with protons in a stacked-form, the induced radioactivity was measured by high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. The projectile flux was determined by using the monitor reactions natCu(p,xn)62,63,65Zn and natTi(p,x)48V, and the calculated proton energy for each sample was verified by considering the ratios of two reaction products of different thresholds. The experimental cross section data obtained agreed well with the results of a nuclear model calculation based on the code TALYS. From the cross section data, the integral yield of 86Y was calculated. Over the optimum production energy range Ep = 14 → 7 MeV the yield of 86Y amounts to 291 MBq/μA for 1 h irradiation time. This value is appreciably lower than the previous literature values calculated from measured and evaluated excitation functions. It is, however, more compatible with the experimental yields of 86Y obtained in clinical scale production runs. The levels of the isotopic impurities 87mY, 87gY, and 88Y were also estimated and found to be
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- 2020
16. CFD Analysis of a solar flat plate collector with different cross sections
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William Giovanny Quitiaquez Sarzosa, Luis Fernando Toapanta, and Andrade Anthony Xavier
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Pressure drop ,Materials science ,cross section ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,Solar thermal energy ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,lcsh:Technology ,Ansys fluent ,Colector solar, sección transversal, eficiencia, ANSYS Fluent, CFD ,Cross section (physics) ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,efficiency ,Solar collector, cross section, efficiency, ANSYS Fluent, CFD ,Solar collector ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,CFD ,business ,ANSYS Fluent - Abstract
Low and medium solar heating systems used for domestic and industrial applications, such as water and space heating, usually utilize solar flat plate collectors in order to absorb solar thermal energy converting it into heat and then transferring the heat to a fluid (usually water or air) that flows through it. The aim of this study is to evaluate the solar flat plate collector’s efficiency and the fluid behavior inside the pipeline with three different cross sections, whose hydraulic diameters are 10, 5.12 and 6.16 mm, by using ANSYS Fluent. The results obtained from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool showed that the collector with the Type I cross section reached temperatures up to 330 K at the pipe outlet obtaining an efficiency of 68%, higher than those of Types II and III, whose efficiencies were 51% and 60%, respectively. Type I cross section also presented the lowest values in both speed and pressure drop, these being 0.266 m/s and 108.3 Pa, respectively., Los sistemas de calefacción solar utilizados para propósitos industriales y domésticos como sistemas de calentamiento de agua y sistemas de calefacción, generalmente utilizan colectores solares de placa plana para absorber la energía solar térmica convirtiéndola en calor para luego transferir el calor a un fluido (generalmente agua o aire) que circula a través de él. El presente artículo evalúa la eficiencia del colector solar de placa plana, así como el comportamiento del fluido (agua o aire) dentro de la tubería con tres diferentes secciones transversales, cuyos diámetros hidráulicos son 10, 5.12 y 6.16 mm, utilizando ANSYS Fluent. Los resultados obtenidos con herramienta Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) mostraron que el colector con la sección transversal Tipo I alcanzó temperaturas de hasta 330 K en la salida de la tubería, obteniendo una eficiencia del 68%, superior a la de los Tipos II y III, cuyas eficiencias fueron de 51% y 60%, respectivamente. La sección transversal del Tipo I también presentó los valores más bajos, tanto en velocidad como en caída de presión, con valores de 0.266 m/s y 108.3 Pa, respectivamente.
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- 2020
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17. PHENIX measurement of heavy flavor production and spin asymmetries in p+p collisions at RHIC
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Bok, Jeongsu
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cross section ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,phenix ,p+p ,spin ,open charm ,run15 ,d-meson ,transverse spin asymmetry ,moriond17 ,muon ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,heavy flavor ,hadron ,muon arms - Abstract
Talk presented at the Rencontres de Moriond (QCD and High Energy Interactions) 2017 conference
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- 2021
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18. Energy dependent forward B -> J/Psi measurements in p+p collisions at PHENIX
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Li, Xuan
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bottom ,cross section ,vtx ,phenix ,b-meson ,forward-rapidity ,p+p ,heavy flavor ,dis17 ,dca ,J/Ψ ,fvtx - Abstract
Talk presented at the Deep Inelastic Scattering 2017 conference (presented by Marie Boer on behalf of Xuan Li)
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- 2021
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19. Energy dependent forward B -> J/Psi measurements in p+p collisions at PHENIX
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Li, Xuan
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bottom ,cross section ,vtx ,phenix ,b-meson ,forward-rapidity ,p+p ,heavy flavor ,dis17 ,dca ,J/Ψ ,fvtx - Abstract
Talk presented at the Deep Inelastic Scattering 2017 conference (presented by Marie Boer on behalf of Xuan Li)
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- 2021
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20. Experimental Techniques to Obtain the Cross-Sectional Images of Textile Yarns
- Author
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Mohamed Abdelkader, Adnan Mazari, and Sumayya Zafar
- Subjects
yarn ,cross section ,slice ,fiber ,packing density ,microtome ,micro-computed tomography ,epoxy ,grinding ,polishing ,twist ,diameter ,General Materials Science - Abstract
In the fabric industry, textile yarns are the fundamental building blocks. Hence, visualizing and studying yarn structure is essential to understand the structure and behavior of the fibers. Obtaining the yarn’s cross-section images is crucial in the calculations of yarn’s porosity; furthermore, a more precise expansion for the fiber’s migration can be concluded from the cross-sectional images. In this paper, three different methods (microtome, micro-computed tomography, and epoxy grinding–polishing methods) to image and visualize the yarn’s cross-section are presented. The experimental techniques are compared in terms of result useability, time of preparation, and overall outcome of the cross-sectional image. The images can be used for fiber distribution, air gap calculation, and twist analysis as well. The fiber diameter distribution of polyester yarn was measured based on the images obtained by the three different methods; the average fiber diameter measured based on the combined data from the three different methods was found to be 10.90 ± 0.30 µm. Published version
- Published
- 2022
21. High throughput phenotyping of cross-sectional morphology to assess stalk lodging resistance
- Author
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Yusuf A. Oduntan, Christopher J. Stubbs, and Daniel J. Robertson
- Subjects
Morphology ,Morphology (linguistics) ,Stalk ,Cross section ,Resistance (ecology) ,QH301-705.5 ,Methodology ,Plant culture ,Plant Science ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Imaging ,SB1-1110 ,Finite element ,Phenotyping ,Lodging ,Genetics ,Feature extraction ,Strength ,Biology (General) ,Throughput (business) ,Analysis ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Stalk lodging (mechanical failure of plant stems during windstorms) leads to global yield losses in cereal crops estimated to range from 5% to 25% annually. The cross-sectional morphology of plant stalks is a key determinant of stalk lodging resistance. However, previously developed techniques for quantifying cross-sectional morphology of plant stalks are relatively low-throughput, expensive and often require specialized equipment and expertise. There is need for a simple and cost-effective technique to quantify plant traits related to stalk lodging resistance in a high-throughput manner. Results A new phenotyping methodology was developed and applied to a range of plant samples including, maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), wheat (Triticum aestivum), poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), and Arabidopsis (Arabis thaliana). The major diameter, minor diameter, rind thickness and number of vascular bundles were quantified for each of these plant types. Linear correlation analyses demonstrated strong agreement between the newly developed method and more time-consuming manual techniques (R2 > 0.9). In addition, the new method was used to generate several specimen-specific finite element models of plant stalks. All the models compiled without issue and were successfully imported into finite element software for analysis. All the models demonstrated reasonable and stable solutions when subjected to realistic applied loads. Conclusions A rapid, low-cost, and user-friendly phenotyping methodology was developed to quantify two-dimensional plant cross-sections. The methodology offers reduced sample preparation time and cost as compared to previously developed techniques. The new methodology employs a stereoscope and a semi-automated image processing algorithm. The algorithm can be used to produce specimen-specific, dimensionally accurate computational models (including finite element models) of plant stalks.
- Published
- 2021
22. PHENIX highlights
- Author
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Park, Sanghwa
- Subjects
η ,direct photon ,d+au ,phenix ,p+p ,raa ,open charm ,neutron ,cu+au ,u+u ,correlations ,jet ,heavy flavor ,J/Ψ ,polarization ,modification ,cross section ,photon ,pion ,gluon ,p+al ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,nuclear ,mid-rapidity ,transverse spin asymmetry ,aum21 ,cnm effects ,small systems ,au+au ,forward-rapidity ,hadron ,π0 ,p+au ,3he+au - Abstract
Plenary talk presented at the RHIC/AGS Annual Users' Meeting, 2021
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Longitudinal double helicity asymmetry ALL from direct photon, jet and charged pion production in polarized p+p collisions
- Author
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Ji, Zhongling
- Subjects
isolated ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,cross section ,dis21 ,direct photon ,jet ,phenix ,pion ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,p+p ,gluon ,spin - Abstract
Talk presented at the Deep Inelastic Scattering 2021 conference
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Recent spin results from PHENIX
- Author
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Corliss, Ross
- Subjects
isolated ,η ,run09 ,electron ,cross section ,direct photon ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,phenix ,pion ,p+p ,spin ,run15 ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,transverse spin asymmetry ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,π0 ,moriond21 - Abstract
Talk presented at the Rencontres de Moriond 2021, QCD and High Energy Physics conference
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. In Situ Photoacoustic Study of Optical Properties of P-Type (111) Porous Silicon Thin Films
- Author
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Cesar Isaza, C.F. Ramirez-Gutierrez, Mario E. Rodríguez-García, Ely Karina Anaya Rivera, and Ivan Alonso Lujan-Cabrera
- Subjects
Materials science ,Silicon ,reflectance ,General Chemical Engineering ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,Substrate (electronics) ,Porous silicon ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Etching (microfabrication) ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,Thin film ,QD1-999 ,Photonic crystal ,010302 applied physics ,refractive index ,cross section ,Anodizing ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chemistry ,chemistry ,dispersion ,0210 nano-technology ,Refractive index ,photonic crystal - Abstract
Porous silicon (PSi) on p++-type (111) silicon substrate has been fabricated by electronically etching method in hydrofluoric acid (HF) media from 5 to 110 mA/cm2 of anodizing current density. The problem of determining the optical properties of (111) PSi is board through implementing a photoacoustic (PA) technique coupled to an electrochemical cell for real-time monitoring of the formation of porous silicon thin films. PA amplitude allows the calculation of the real part of the films refractive index and porosity using the reflectance self-modulation due to the interference effect between the PSi film and the substrate that produces a periodic PA amplitude. The optical properties are studied from specular reflectance measurements fitted through genetic algorithms, transfer matrix method (TMM), and the effective medium theory, where the Maxwell Garnett (MG), Bruggeman (BR), and Looyenga (LLL) models were tested to determine the most suitable for pore geometry and compared with the in situ PA method. It was found that (111) PSi exhibit a branched pore geometry producing optical anisotropy and high scattering films.
- Published
- 2021
26. Precision measurement of relative γ-ray intensities from the decay of 61Cu
- Author
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Bleuel, DL, Bernstein, LA, Marsh, RA, Morrell, JT, Rusnak, B, and Voyles, AS
- Subjects
Cross section ,beta(+) decay ,Clinical Sciences ,(61)Cu ,Molecular ,gamma ray intensity ,γ ray intensity ,Atomic ,Other Physical Sciences ,Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,β(+) decay ,Cu-61 ,Nuclear ,Electron capture - Abstract
A discrepancy, well outside reported uncertainties, has been observed between the accepted and measured values of the intensity ratio of the two strongest γ rays following 61Cu β+ decay. This discrepancy has significant impact since the natNi(d,x)61Cu reaction has historically been one of only a few IAEA recommendations for use as a deuteron flux monitor and a considerable number of published cross sections measured in ratio to that beam monitor cross section may depend on the choice of either the first or second strongest γ ray in those calculations. To determine the magnitude of this error most precisely, over a hundred separate measurements of the 283 keV to 656 keV γ-ray emission ratio were collected from seven experiments and a variety of detectors and detection geometries. A weighted average of all these measurements indicates an error in the value listed in the Nuclear Data Sheets of 11% in either the primary or second-highest intensity γ ray of 61Cu, potentially introducing an 11% error in 61Cu production cross section measurements, cross sections using nickel activation as a deuteron beam current monitor, or in dose rates when 61Cu is used in nuclear medicine. General agreement with the Data Sheets with ten other intensity ratios suggests the most probable error is in the secondary (656keV) emission, which accordingly should be updated from 10.8% to 9.69%.
- Published
- 2021
27. MODELING OF HEAT EXCHANGE AT TURBULENT FLOW IN FLAT CHANNELS WITH SYMMETRIC TURBULIZERS ON BOTH PARTIES
- Author
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I. E. Lobanov
- Subjects
Technology ,two-sided ,triangular ,grid ,heat exchange ,rectangular ,low-grade ,Cross section (physics) ,symmetrical ,Heat exchanger ,Shear stress ,intensification ,turbulent flow ,Physics ,cross section ,Turbulence ,square ,turbulence ,modeling ,Mechanics ,Dissipation ,Vortex ,semicircular ,Turbulator ,Heat transfer ,flat channel ,mathematical model - Abstract
Objectives. Mathematical modeling of heat transfer in flat channels with turbulators symmetrically located on both its sides, depending on the cross section of the turbulators.Methods. The calculation was carried out on the basis of a theoretical method based on solving the Reynolds equations factorized by the finite-volume finite-volume method, closed using the Menter shear stress transfer model, and the energy equation on multi-scale intersecting structured grids (FCOM), which was successfully tested in [23].Results. The article results of calculating the intensified heat exchange in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections (square, rectangular, semicircular, triangular) depending on the determining parameters were quite satisfactorily consistent with the existing experimental material, but having an indisputable advantage over the latter, since the assumptions made in their derivation cover a much wider range of defining parameters than the limitations found in the experiments (Pr=0.7÷100, Re=103÷106, h/dE =0.005÷0.2, t/h=1÷200).Conclusion. According to the results of calculations on the basis of the developed model, it is possible to optimize heat transfer intensification in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections, as well as control the heat transfer intensification process. As shown by the calculated data, with the intensification of heat transfer in the flat channels, symmetrical protrusions of square, rectangular and triangular cross sections, i.e. relatively sharp outlines, in the vortices up to the protrusions and behind them the production of turbulence is comparable to energy dissipation, which leads to increased hydraulic losses; for flat channels with protrusions of a semicircular cross section, i.e. relatively smooth outlines, the energy dissipation is much smaller, therefore, the hydraulic resistance in such channels is less. A detailed analysis of the structure of the vortex zones (main, angular, secondary, etc.) between periodic surface flow turbulators of square, semicircular, triangular and rectangular cross sections depending on the geometric and regime parameters of the coolant flow was carried out, the effect of the above vortex zones heat transfer and hydraulic resistance of the channel; additionally confirmed the optimality of application to abrutized turbulators, where hydraulic losses are much smaller than for sharp turbulators, which is directly or indirectly verified by existing experimental material [1—6].
- Published
- 2019
28. Analysis of neutron capture cross section using different level density models on cadmium isotopes up to 250 keV neutron-induced energy and GEANT4 simulation
- Author
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Veli Capali and Uşak Üniversitesi
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Physics ,Cross section ,Isotope ,21.60.-n ,Level density models ,Hadron ,General Physics and Astronomy ,32.80.Cy ,21.30.Fe ,01 natural sciences ,Nuclear physics ,Superfluidity ,Hadronic interactions ,Neutron capture ,Reactor materials ,28.41.-i ,Isotopes of cadmium ,0103 physical sciences ,Neutron cross section ,21.10.Ma ,Neutron ,28.50.-k ,Fermi gas - Abstract
The neutron capture cross-sectional reactions for 106,108,110,111,112,113,114,116Cd isotopes have been calculated with different level density models which are constant temperature Fermi gas (CTFG) model, back-shifted Fermi gas model, generalized superfluid model and Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov model by using TALYS 1.9 and EMPIRE 3.2 codes for incident neutron energies up to 250 keV. The obtained results have been analyzed with each level density model parameters existing in Reference Input Parameter Library (RIPL-3) and available experimental data. As an outcome, to obtain more precise and coherent calculations with the experimental values, level density model and its parameters have been determined. Also, hadronic interactions of low-energy neutrons have been investigated for a situation by using GEANT4. © 2019, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science.
- Published
- 2019
29. Kinerja Saluran Drainase Eksisting di Jalan Teuku Diblang Desa Lampulo Kecamatan Kuta Alam Kota Banda Aceh
- Author
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Ziana Ziana, Amir Fauzi, Marwan, and Kertam Batu Rukmana
- Subjects
Flood discharge ,cross section ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Channel performance ,flood channel ,drainage capacity ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,drainage - Abstract
Drainage is a technical action to reduce excess water, either rainwater or irrigation water. The problems that occur in the drainage channel, are the amount of waste and sediment that is in the channel and the condition of the channel surface which is covered by concrete shops. The purpose of this study was to determine the perfor- mance of existing drainage channels and planned flood discharge on Teuku Diblang street is illuminated by Lampulo village, Kuta Alam subdistrict, Banda Aceh city. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data, primary data is data obtained directly in the field while secondary data includes maps and rainfall data. The research method was carried out by analyzing rainfall data to obtain a planned flood discharge using a rational modification method which would then be compared with channel capacity. Also do an analysis of the exist- ing channel performance to determine the performance of the channel. The results obtained are the flood discharge plan in the T1 section of 1.22 m3/sec, T2 section of 1.01 m3/sec, T3 section of 1.13 m3/sec, T4 section of 1.14 m3/sec, section T5 amounting to 1.03 m3/sec, T6 section of 1.04 m3/sec, T7 section of 1.09 m3/sec, T8 section of 1.10 m3 / s, T9 section of 0.98 m3 / s, section T10 amounting to 1 m3 / sec, T11 section of 1.03 m3 / sec, T12 section of 1.07 m3/sec, T13 section of 1.05 m3/sec and T14 section of 0.82 m3/sec.While the existing channel capacity of Jalan Teuku Diblang in cross sections T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13 and T14 are sequentially 1 m3/sec, 1.24 m3/sec, 0.68 m3/sec, 0.89 m3/sec, 1.09 m3/sec, 0.75 m3/sec, 1.01 m3/sec, 0.95 m3/sec, 0.97 m3/sec, 0.85 m3/sec, 0.66 m3/sec, 0.66 m3/sec, 0.69 m3/sec and 0.89 m3/sec, this indicates that the channel cannot accommodate the planned flood discharge except in the T2 section , T5 and T14. The results of the drainage channel performance obtained is 80.62% which indicating that the channel performance was still in the good category.
- Published
- 2019
30. Effect of energy dependent cross-section on flow velocity measurements with charge exchange spectroscopy in magnetized plasma
- Author
-
Katsumi Ida, Jun Chen, M.Y. Ye, Izumi Murakami, T. Kobayashi, Mikiro Yoshinuma, and B. Lyu
- Subjects
Physics ,Charge exchange spectroscopy ,Cross section ,Energetic neutral atom ,Hydrogen ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plasma ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Excited state ,Cross section (physics) ,Large Helical Device ,Flow velocity ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Charge exchange spectroscopy (CXS) is widely used to measure plasma flow velocity. Accurate measurement is heavily affected by energy dependent cross section between neutral atoms and impurity ions. One symmetric layout of poloidal CXS is applied on Large Helical Device. Correction velocity due to the cross section is exacted from total velocity when actual plasma flow velocity is acquired with the benefit of this layout. A linear relationship between correction velocity and ion temperature is observed. Abundant discharges with wide plasma conditions are investigated and the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature with the same beam energy shows the normal distribution. The impact of beam energy on the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature of the carbon system and the hydrogen system is discovered based upon the statistics. Effective emission coefficient (Q) from Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) is utilized to study the dependence of correction velocity on Q. The relationship in which the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature increases linearly with the increasing normalized effective emission coefficient ((1/Q)dQ/dv) is observed. Experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv is obtained according to this observation, and comparison with different fractions of n = 2 excited state is also discussed. The influence of different receivers (carbon and hydrogen) is also presented. The experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv from the carbon system decreases with beam energy decreasing when beam energy is less than 30 keV/amu. This tendency of (1/Q)dQ/dv at low beam energy indicates the existence of the contribution of n = 2 excited state donors to the cross section.
- Published
- 2019
31. Determination of nuclear excitation functions of zirconium using certain level density parameters for neutron-induced reactions
- Author
-
A. Kara and Belirlenecek
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Nuclear reaction ,Zirconium ,Structural material ,Materials science ,Cross section ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Excitation function ,Level density ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Physical chemistry ,Neutron ,Excitation - Abstract
WOS: 000496278200013 Zirconium-based alloys have been widely used as structural material in the nuclear reactors. The cross-sectional values of Zr-90(n, p)Y-90, Zr-94(n,p)Y-94, Zr-94(n,alpha)Sr-91 and Zr-96(n,2n)Zr-95 nuclear reactions at this paper were calculated by EMPIRE-3.2, ALICE-ASH and TALYS-1.8 computer codes. The calculations were compared with the experimental values from the literature.
- Published
- 2019
32. Extension of experimental activation cross-sections database of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on manganese up to 50 MeV
- Author
-
Ferenc Tarkanyi, Alex Hermanne, A.V. Ignatyuk, Fenyvesy Ditroi, Sandor Takacs, Vriendenkring VUB, Brussels Photonics Team, and Applied Physics and Photonics
- Subjects
Nuclear reaction ,Theoretical model codes ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Manganese ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nuclear physics ,Cross section (physics) ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Spectroscopy ,Physical yield ,Physics ,Cross section ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Experimental data ,Mn, V and Cr radioisotopes ,Pollution ,0104 chemical sciences ,Off-line gamma spectrometry ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Deuterium ,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Deuteron irradiation ,Monoisotopic mass ,Activation method - Abstract
In the frame of a systematic study of activation cross sections of deuteron induced reactions, experimental cross section data were measured on Mn (monoisotopic Mn-55) up to 50MeV for the formation of Mn-56,Mn-54,Mn-52, V-48 and Cr-51 by using stacked-foil activation method and high resolution gamma spectrometry. The experimental data are compared with the earlier published data and with the results predicted by the ALICE-IPPE-D and EMPIRE-II-D theoretical codes, and with the data taken from the on-line TENDL-2017 library.
- Published
- 2019
33. Production cross sections of Mo, Nb and Zr radioisotopes from α-induced reaction on natZr
- Author
-
Naoyuki Ukon, T. Murata, Masayuki Aikawa, M. Saito, Sandor Takacs, Hiromitsu Haba, and Yukiko Komori
- Subjects
Zirconium ,Radiation ,Materials science ,Cross section ,Molybdenum-99 ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,High resolution ,Excitation function ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,0104 chemical sciences ,Alpha particle irradiation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,Yield (chemistry) ,Zirconium target ,Activation method - Abstract
Cross sections of α-induced reactions on natural zirconium were measured up to 50 MeV using the stacked-foil technique, activation method and high resolution γ-ray spectrometry. The production cross sections of 93m,99Mo, 90g,92m,95g,95m,96Nb and 88,89g,95Zr were determined and compared with other experimental data measured earlier and result of theoretical calculations. The integral thick target yield of 99Mo was deduced from the measured cross section data.
- Published
- 2019
34. Cross section measurement of terbium radioisotopes for an optimized 155Tb production with an 18 MeV medical PET cyclotron
- Author
-
Gaia Dellepiane, Pierluigi Casolaro, Chiara Favaretto, Pascal V. Grundler, Isidre Mateu, Paola Scampoli, Zeynep Talip, Nicholas P. van der Meulen, Saverio Braccini, Dellepiane, Gaia, Casolaro, Pierluigi, Favaretto, Chiara, Grundler, Pascal V, Mateu, Isidre, Scampoli, Paola, Talip, Zeynep, van der Meulen, Nicholas P, and Braccini, Saverio
- Subjects
Radionuclide production ,Cross sections ,Solid target ,Radiation ,Cross section ,530 Physics ,Medical cyclotron ,Proton irradiation ,Terbium-155 ,Theranostics ,SPECT/CT imaging - Abstract
155Tb [t1/2 = 5.32 d, Eγ = 87 keV (32%); 105 keV (25%) (IAEA, 2021)] is a novel promising radionuclide for theranostic applications in nuclear medicine. Its physical properties make it suitable for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging, while its chemistry allows it to be used as a diagnostic partner for therapeutic radiolanthanides or pseudo-radiolanthanides, such as 177Lu and 90Y. Moreover, 155Tb could be used as a precise diagnostic match for the β−-emitter 161Tb, opening doors for the true theranostics concept. The availability of 155Tb in quantity and quality suitable for medical applications is an open issue and its production with medical cyclotrons via the 155Gd(p,n)155Tb and 156Gd(p,2n)155Tb nuclear reactions represents a possible but challenging solution. For this purpose, an accurate knowledge of the production cross sections is mandatory. In this paper, we report on the measurement of the production cross sections of 155Tb and other terbium radionuclides formed by proton irradiation of natGd2O3, 155Gd2O3 and 156Gd2O3 enriched targets, performed at the Bern University Hospital cyclotron laboratory. On the basis of the obtained results, the production yield and purity were calculated to assess the optimal irradiation conditions. The results of several production tests are also presented., Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 184, ISSN:0969-8043, ISSN:1872-9800
- Published
- 2022
35. Vibrational excitation cross sections for non-equilibrium nitric oxide-containing plasma
- Author
-
Vasco Guerra, Vincenzo Laporta, and Luca Vialetto
- Subjects
electron ,cross section ,relaxation ,nitric oxide ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,vibrational excitation ,Condensed Matter Physics ,energy exchange - Abstract
A full set of vibrationally-resolved cross sections for electron impact excitation of NO(X2Π, v) molecules is calculated from ab initio molecular dynamics, in the framework of the local-complex-potential approach. Electron–vibration energy exchanges in non-equilibrium thermodynamic conditions are studied from a state-to-state model accounting for all electron impact excitation and de-excitation processes of the nitric oxide vibration manifold, and it is shown that the calculated vibration relaxation times are in good agreement with the experimental data. The new vibrational excitation cross sections are used in a complete electron impact cross section set in order to obtain non-equilibrium electron energy distributions functions and to calculate electron transport parameters in NO. It is verified that the new cross sections bring a significant improvement between simulations and experimental swarm data, providing an additional validation of the calculations, when used within the complete set of cross sections investigated in this work.
- Published
- 2022
36. Activation cross sections of deuteron-induced reactions on niobium up to 24 MeV
- Author
-
Masayuki Aikawa, Yukiko Komori, and Hiromitsu Haba
- Subjects
Excitation function ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Cross section ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Niobium target ,Activation technique ,Niobium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nuclear physics ,Cross section (physics) ,Deuterium ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Deuteron irradiation ,Molybdenum-93m ,Instrumentation - Abstract
We measured cross sections of deuteron-induced reactions on a niobium target up to 24 MeV using the stacked-foil activation technique and off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The production cross sections of 93mMo, 92mNb and 89Zr were determined. The results were compared with the experimental data studied earlier and the predictions of theoretical calculations.
- Published
- 2018
37. The Influence of Mass Loss on Wooden Elements Case Study
- Author
-
Ioana Teodorescu
- Subjects
cross section ,021105 building & construction ,humidity ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,temperature ,Environmental science ,02 engineering and technology ,TA1-2040 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,timber structure ,moisture content ,decay ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering - Abstract
The durability of wooden structures is a subject of great interest because a better understanding of the evolution of wooden elements is needed, together with the factors that intervene in the degradation process and the manner in which they can be prevented. The exposure time of structures to environmental variations is important because the presence of humidity is affecting wooden elements the most. Their exposure to humid surroundings or in which temperature and humidity variations are not constant, increases the moisture content of wood and leads to the formation of biological environments that attack the wood and reduce its resistance, intervening in the building safety and utility. The current study follows the evolution of a wooden structure subjected to changes of the transversal section due to the presence of humidity until the moment in which the wooden piece does not verify anymore the safety conditions from the calculations for compression, tension and bending.
- Published
- 2018
38. PHENIX preliminary results of forward neutron transverse single spin asymmetry in p+p collisions at 200 GeV
- Author
-
Mulilo, Benard
- Subjects
cross section ,smd ,Nuclear Theory ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,phenix ,p+p ,iwhss20 ,neutron ,transverse spin asymmetry ,zdc ,Computer Science::Programming Languages ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,forward-rapidity ,Nuclear Experiment ,rhic - Abstract
Talk presented at the 17th International Workshop on Hadron Structure and Spectroscopy
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. PHENIX measurements of bb-bar production in p+p collisions
- Author
-
Sen, Abhisek
- Subjects
bottom ,dimuon ,cross section ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,Nuclear Theory ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,phenix ,dielectron ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,p+p ,heavy flavor ,charm ,qm15 - Abstract
Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2015 conference
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Study of cross sections for (n,p) reactions on Hf, Ta and W isotopes
- Author
-
Mustafa Yiğit and Sabire Yazıcı Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Subjects
Radiation ,Materials science ,Isotope ,Tantalum ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Tungsten ,Cross Section ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,0104 chemical sciences ,Hafnium ,Cross section (geometry) ,Pre-equilibrium Model ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,Nuclear cross section ,Production (computer science) ,Excitation - Abstract
In the nuclear energy applications, hafnium, tantalum and tungsten are desirable materials in the production of super alloys for design of a nuclear power plant. In this study, cross sections calculations via TALYS-1.95, CEM03.01 and ALICE/ASH codes on 179Hf(n,p)179Lu, 180Hf(n,p)180Lu, 181Ta(n,p)181Hf, 182W(n,p)182Ta, 183W(n,p)183Ta, 184W(n,p)184Ta and 186W(n,p)186Ta reactions were carried out to determine the effects of various level density models and pre-equilibrium models on excitation functions. Besides, we presented our calculation results using the different empirical systematics at 14.5 MeV. The present results are also compared with the experimental and the evaluated nuclear cross section data from TENDL-2019 and JEFF-3.3.
- Published
- 2021
41. The Role of Low Energy Electrons in Radiobiology and Cancer Treatment
- Author
-
Sasan Esmaili and Farzaneh Allaveisi
- Subjects
Physics ,Radiobiology ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biomedical Engineering ,Cancer ,Electron ,Cross Section ,medicine.disease ,Cancer treatment ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,Low energy ,Medical technology ,Cancer research ,medicine ,Low Energy Electrons ,R855-855.5 ,DNA Damage - Abstract
Low energy radiation can be produced by all types of high energy radiation. Studies of low energy particle radiation help us to understand the chemistry induced by high energy radiations. Low energy electrons are capable of chemical selectivity in contrast to high energy electrons due to the large number of open dissociative channels in the former case and their resonant nature. Among different types of radiation, low energy electrons have a higher cross-section to DNA damage and they have an important role in the synergistic effect between radiation and chemotherapy anticancer agents in cancer treatment. Analysis of these combined records helps assign function of cells, identify metabolic and regulatory pathways and suggest targets for diagnostics and therapeutics identify animal models to develop new drugs, among other goals of biomedical interest.
- Published
- 2021
42. Investigation of the Mass Attenuation Coefficients, Effective Atomic Numbers and Electron Densities for Compounds of Painkiller
- Author
-
Tekerek Saniye and Tekerek Saniye
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mass absorption coefficient ,Cross section ,Effective electron densitiy ,WinXCom ,Attenuation ,Electron ,Atomic number ,Molecular physics - Abstract
In this study the effects of gamma radiations with compounds are an important subject in the field of medicine, radiation shielding and radiation physics. With technological advances the using of radiation has increased in the medicine in the last century. The mass absorpsion coefficient (μ/ρ) is the fundamental a quantity characterizing gamma ray and is of major importance in radiation shielding. In this study, the mass absorption coefficient of painkillers named Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etodolac, Ibuprofen, Meloxicam, Diclofenac and Aspirin were calculated at energy range from 4.65 keV to 59.543 keV using the WinXCom data programme. In addition total atomic (σta), moleculer (σtm), electronic cross-section (σte), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff) were calculated.
- Published
- 2021
43. PHENIX results on charm and bottom quark yields in p+p and Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV
- Author
-
Rinn, Timothy
- Subjects
electron ,cross section ,phenix ,p+p ,pythia ,raa ,run15 ,run04 ,run14 ,bottom ,d-meson ,vtx ,au+au ,hp18 ,charm ,dca - Abstract
Talk given at the Hard Probes 2018 conference
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Quantitative absorption imaging of optically dense effective two-level systems
- Author
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Veyron, Romain, Mancois, Vincent, Gerent, Jean-Baptiste, Baclet, Guillaume, Bouyer, Philippe, Bernon, Simon, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
ratio ,channel cross section ,Quantum Physics ,density ,cross section ,background ,Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) ,atom ,saturation ,interference ,resolution ,imaging ,FOS: Physical sciences ,calibration ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph] ,Physics - Atomic Physics ,coherence ,laser ,electromagnetic ,[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph] ,optical ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,absorption ,attenuation ,experimental results - Abstract
Absorption imaging is a commonly adopted method to acquire, with high temporal resolution, spatial information on a partially transparent object. It relies on the interference between a probe beam and the coherent response of the object. In the low saturation regime, it is well described by a Beer Lambert attenuation. In this paper we theoretically derive the absorption of a $\sigma$ polarized laser probe by an ensemble of two-level systems in any saturation regime. We experimentally demonstrate that the absorption cross section in dense $^{87}$Rb cold atom ensembles is reduced, with respect to the single particle response, by a factor proportional to the optical density b of the medium. To explain this reduction, we developed a model that incorporates, in the single particle response, the incoherent electromagnetic background emitted by the surrounding ensemble. We show that it qualitatively reproduces the experimental results. Our calibration factor that has a universal dependence on optical density $b$ for $\sigma$ polarized light : $\alpha$ = 1.17(9) + 0.255(2)b allows to obtain quantitative and absolute, in situ, images of dense quantum systems., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. ������������������ ������������������ �������������� NdSbSe3-NdBiSe3
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���������������������� ,synthesis ,analysis ,temperature ,������������������ ,�������������� ,������������ ,cross section ,diagram - Abstract
���������������� ������������-���������������������� �������������� �������������� ������������������ ������������������ �������������� NdSbSe3-NdBiSe3, �������������� ���������������� ������������������������������ ���������������� �������������� �������������� Nd2Se3 Bi2Se3-Sb2Se3. �� �������������� �������������������� �������������� ������������������ �������������� NdSb1,5Bi0,5Se3, �������������� ���������������� ����������������������. �������������������� �������������� ���������������� ���������������� ������������ ���������������� ���������������������� �������������������������� ���� 2 ������.% ������ ������������������ ����������������������., The phase diagram of the NdSbSe3-NdBiSe3 system, which is a non-quasi-binary section of the ternary system Nd2Se3 Bi2Se3-Sb2Se3, has been studied by the methods of physicochemical analysis. A triple state of the composition NdSb1.5Bi0.5Se3 is formed in the system, which melts congruently. A solid solution region was found near the initial components with a length of up to 2 mol% at room temperature.
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- 2021
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46. PHENIX results on direct photon cross section in p+p at 510 GeV and upcoming double-spin asymmetry ALL
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Ji, Zhongling
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run09 ,cross section ,direct photon ,ComputingMethodologies_MISCELLANEOUS ,p+p ,ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL ,spin ,hp20 ,asymmetry - Abstract
Poster presented at Hard Probes 2020
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- 2020
- Full Text
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47. Measurement of direct photon cross section and longitudinal double spin asymmetry in p+p at 510 GeV at PHENIX
- Author
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Ji, Zhongling
- Subjects
isolated ,longitudinal spin asymmetry ,cross section ,direct photon ,dnp20 ,p+p ,run13 - Abstract
Talk presented at the Fall DNP 2020 meeting
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. b-bbar Production at forward rapidity in p+p collisions at 510 GeV
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Roberts, Jordan and Sharma, Deepali
- Subjects
cross section ,correlations ,forward rapidity ,azimuthal ,dnp20 ,p+p ,heavy flavor ,run13 - Abstract
Talk presented at the Fall meeting of DNP 2020
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Electron Impact Excitation of Ge-like Te20+–Cd16+ Ions
- Author
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Pooja Malker and Lalita Sharma
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,electron impact excitation ,cross section ,multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Abstract
We study electron impact excitation of dipole allowed transitions in the extreme ultraviolet range—8–55 nm—for the germanium isoelectronic sequence Te20+–Cd16+. The fine structure transitions between the ground state having configuration 4s24p2 and the excited states with configurations 4s4p3 and 4s24p4d are considered for these ions. We employ the relativistic distorted wave method to calculate the excitation cross sections in the incident electron energy range from the excitation threshold to 5000 eV. To obtain the required ionic bound state wavefunctions we have used the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method with correlations within the n = 5 complexes as well as performed relativistic configuration interaction calculations to include the quantum electrodynamic effects. The accuracy of these wavefunctions is established by comparing our calculated wavelengths and oscillator strengths of the considered transitions with the previously reported measurements and other available theoretical results. We also provide the fitting parameters of the calculated cross sections and the excitation rate coefficients for their direct applications in plasma modeling.
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- 2022
50. Measurement of the single top quark and antiquark production cross sections in the t channel and their ratio in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV
- Author
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Sirunyan, AM, Tumasyan, A, Adam, W, Ambrogi, F, Asilar, E, Bergauer, T, Brandstetter, J, Dragicevic, M, Erö, J, Escalante Del Valle, A, Flechl, M, Frühwirth, R, Ghete, VM, Hrubec, J, Jeitler, M, Krammer, N, Krätschmer, I, Liko, D, Madlener, T, Mikulec, I, Rad, N, Rohringer, H, Schieck, J, Schöfbeck, R, Spanring, M, Spitzbart, D, Taurok, A, Waltenberger, W, Wittmann, J, Wulz, CE, Zarucki, M, Chekhovsky, V, Mossolov, V, Suarez Gonzalez, J, De Wolf, EA, Di Croce, D, Janssen, X, Lauwers, J, Pieters, M, Van Haevermaet, H, Van Mechelen, P, Van Remortel, N, Abu Zeid, S, Blekman, F, D'Hondt, J, De Clercq, J, Deroover, K, Flouris, G, Lontkovskyi, D, Lowette, S, Marchesini, I, Moortgat, S, Moreels, L, Python, Q, Skovpen, K, Tavernier, S, Van Doninck, W, Van Mulders, P, Van Parijs, I, Beghin, D, Bilin, B, Brun, H, Clerbaux, B, De Lentdecker, G, Delannoy, H, Dorney, B, Fasanella, G, Favart, L, Goldouzian, R, Grebenyuk, A, Kalsi, AK, Lenzi, T, Luetic, J, Postiau, N, Starling, E, Thomas, L, Vander Velde, C, Vanlaer, P, Vannerom, D, Wang, Q, Cornelis, T, Dobur, D, Fagot, A, Gul, M, Khvastunov, I, Poyraz, D, Roskas, C, Trocino, D, Tytgat, M, Verbeke, W, Vermassen, B, Vit, M, Zaganidis, N, Bakhshiansohi, H, Bondu, O, Brochet, S, Bruno, G, Caputo, C, David, P, and Delaere, C
- Subjects
Cross section ,CMS ,hep-ex ,Physics ,Molecular ,Top quark ,Single top ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Atomic ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Nuclear ,Nuclear Experiment ,Mathematical Physics ,Astronomical and Space Sciences - Abstract
© 2019 The Author(s) Measurements of the cross sections for the production of single top quarks and antiquarks in the t channel, and their ratio, are presented for proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data set used was recorded in 2016 by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. Events with one muon or electron are selected, and different categories of jet and b jet multiplicity and multivariate discriminators are applied to separate the signal from the background. The cross sections for the t-channel production of single top quarks and antiquarks are measured to be 130±1(stat)±19(syst)pb and 77±1(stat)±12(syst)pb, respectively, and their ratio is 1.68±0.02(stat)±0.05(syst). The results are in agreement with the predictions from the standard model. BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, ROSATOM, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendület (“Momentum”) Program and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, and 125105 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); The Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).
- Published
- 2020
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