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A brief description of the main modern approaches and tools used for processing big data (cloud storages, NoSQL databases, Hadoop MapReduce and Disco platforms, artificial intelligence and deep learning, parallel programming and processing) is given. Calculated estimates of the increase in the performance of calculations are obtained using the example of predicting the motion parameters of small spacecraft using the CUDA software and hardware architecture of parallel computing using graphics processors from Nvidia. The acceleration of the time for calculating using GPU in comparison with CPU is 27,5%.

Mobile devices and Internet usage are now common in most parts of the world. Archives and other cultural agencies are challenged by the increasing amounts, and complexity, of digital content. New strategies are being developed and promoted to enable digital acquisition and preservation. The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA) is examining and addressing acquisition and preservation challenges for a range of complex digital content, within available resources. This paper will discuss issues associated with a range of multi-platform content with reference to selected case studies.

Making sense of complex objects is difficult, and typically requires the use of external representations to support cognitive demands while reasoning about the objects. Visualizations are one type of external representation that can be used to support sensemaking activities. In this paper, we investigate the role of two design strategies in making the interactive features of visualizations more supportive of users’ exploratory needs when trying to make sense of complex objects. These two strategies are visibility and complementarity of interactions. We employ a theoretical framework concerned with human–information interaction and complex cognitive activities to inform, contextualize, and interpret the effects of the design strategies. The two strategies are incorporated in the design of Polyvise, a visualization tool that supports making sense of complex four-dimensional geometric objects. A mixed-methods study was conducted to evaluate the design strategies and the overall usability of Polyvise. We report the findings of the study, discuss some implications for the design of visualization tools that support sensemaking of complex objects, and propose five design guidelines. We anticipate that our results are transferrable to other contexts, and that these two design strategies can be used broadly in visualization tools intended to support activities with complex objects and information spaces.

Cette étude essaye d’établir qu’il y a deux notions très différentes de « fondation » à l’œuvre dans les Recherches logiques de Husserl. Dans la IIIème Recherche, où le terme est formellement introduit, lorsqu’il se demande quels sont les contenus qui peuvent exister d’une manière autonome (indépendants) et lesquels peuvent exister uniquement en tant que moments d’autre chose (dépendants), Husserl suit ce que j’appelle un « modèle ontologique ». Selon ce modèle, le concret possède une priorité sur à l’abstrait qui est fondé en lui. Dans la VIème Recherche, en revanche, Husserl s’oriente principalement sur un « modèle gnoséologique » qui voit le complexe comme fondé sur ce qui est relativement simple, étant donné que les expériences d’ordre supérieur (telles les perceptions de types d’objets plus complexes) sont « fondées sur » des expériences plus simples, bien qu’elles ne puissent pas y être réduites. L’exemple principal ici est celui des intuitions catégoriales : fondées sur les intuitions sensibles, elles n’y sont pas réductibles. Mais cette distinction entre deux sens différents du terme de « fondation » peut également nous aider à mieux comprendre de nombreuses thèses husserliennes plutôt controversées. Par exemple, elle peut nous permettre de mieux comprendre dans quelle mesure faire l’expérience d’un être humain comme un tout se fonde sur l’expérience d’un corps physique, et cela même si l’étant que nous rencontrons inclut à la fois des aspects corporels et des aspects spirituels – les deux étant vus, d’une manière essentielle, comme des moments de cette unique personne qui fait l’objet de notre expérience.This essay attempts to establish that there are two very different notions of “foundation” at work in Husserl’s Logical Investigation. In the Third Investigation where the term is formally introduced, Husserl is using what I call an « ontological model » that investigates what kinds of contents can exist on their own (independently) and what kinds can exist only as a moment of something else (dependently). According to this model, the concrete has priority over the abstract that is founded upon it. In the Sixth Logical Investigation, by contrast, Husserl orients himself primarily on an « epistemological model » that see the complex as founded upon the relatively simple because they higher-order experiences, e.g. the perceptions of more complex kinds of objects are “founded in” although not reducible to the simpler experiences on which they are founded. The primary example here is that of categorical intuitions that are founded upon, but not reducible to sense intuitions. Distinguishing these two different senses of the term can help us understand better many controversial Husserlian claims, for instance about the way that the experience of the human being as a whole is founded upon the experience of a physical body, even though the entity we encounter includes both bodily and spiritual aspects that are both essentially viewed as moments of the human person who is the object of our experience

Virtual Reality (VR) allows creating interactive three-dimen sional computer worlds in which objects have a sense of spatial and physical presence and can be manipulated by the user as such. Different software tools have been developed to build virtual worlds. However, most tools require considerable background knowledge about VR and the virtual world needs to be expressed in low-level VR primitives. This is one of the reasons why developing a virtual world is complex, time-consuming and expensive. Introducing a conceptual design phase in the development process will reduce the complexity and provides an abstraction layer to hide the VR implementation details. However, virtual worlds contain features not present in classical software. Therefore, new modeling concepts, currently not available in classical conceptual modeling languages, such as ORM or UML, are required. Next to introducing these new modeling concepts, it is also necessary to define their semantics to ensure unambiguousness and to allow code generation. In this paper, we introduce conceptual modeling concepts to specify complex connected 3D objects. Their semantics are defined using F-logic, a full-fledged logic following the object-oriented paradigm. F-logic will allow applying reasoners to check the consistency of the specifications and to investigate properties before the application is actually built.

Complex Object models, semantic or knowledge representation models on the one side, and object-oriented models on the other side are currently considered candidates for future databases. Either of them have their particular strongpoints and weaknesses, such that up to now no single model could be identified to suit all needs. Database models provide limited structuring capabilities and too poor semantics and object-oriented approaches suffer from their navigational one-object-at-a-time style of operation, that is, they need set oriented "object algebra" operations. In this paper we show how the approaches can be mixed into a single coherent approach, in an evolutionary way preserving their respective advantages: flexibility through powerful structuring primitives, rich semantics, encapsulation, and efficiency through optimizable descriptive, set-oriented query and update languages.