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Este trabalho estuda a crise no desenvolvimento do Estado contemporâneo e Democrático de Direito e as repercussões nas realidades nacional e global. Constata-se que é necessário repensar os institutos tradicionais do Direito positivo na Teoria do Estado, à luz da Sociologia e da Ciência Econômica. Uma legislação em descompasso com as questões econômicas modernas não consegue mais regular e orientar a solução dos problemas jurídicos que se apresentam em uma sociedade fragmentada e diante de um processo de complexização no mundo globalizado, com reflexos na economia, nas relações sociais, nos sistemas produtivos e no ordenamento jurídico. Conclui-se que o Estado contemporâneo democrático-capitalista do pós-guerra evoluiu ao perseguir garantias para o bem-estar social [welfare state], mas enfrentou o problema da globalização com processos de complexidade e fragmentação da sociedade que desestabilizaram a segurança econômica, levando a juridificação e ao aumento da inflação, que determinaram a decadência do intervencionismo estatal. A crise dos Estados e a crescente globalização da economia levaram à necessidade do enxugamento das leis. O Estado Democrático, entretanto, deve garantir o desenvolvimento que assegure um equilíbrio social, econômico e sustentável.

INTRODUÇÃO: A medicina do plasma tem despontado como uma tecnologia em saúde viável e resolutiva na cicatrização de feridas. OBJETIVO: Comparar o efeito do modo contínuo e pulsado de aplicação do plasma atmosférico frio na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas agudas em porquinhos da índia. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 24 animais divididos em quatro grupos e submetidos a realização de 3 feridas no dorso, sendo ao mesmo tempo, experimento e controle segundo aprovação da CEUA (parecer nº 33/2020). Uma ferida foi controle, outra recebeu tratamento no modo contínuo e outra pulsado (10 Hz). O jateamento foi de 1 minuto em cada ferida com gás hélio 2L/ min, imediatamente após a cirurgia e a cada 24 horas por 3 dias consecutivos. Todas as feridas foram fotografadas a partir do dia 0 e analisadas no software Image J. Além do processamento histológico. RESULTADO: A média da taxa de retração das feridas controle nos dias 3, 7, 14 e 21 foi 30,91; 38,5; 89,16; 96,32. Já no grupo contínuo foi de 45,36; 51,95;91,40; 98,13. E no pulsado 54,20; 57,5; 95,74; 99,1, respectivamente. A taxa de retração dos grupos tratados foi significativamente maior que no controle. No dia 7, foi possível visualizar o processo de reepitelização, que se completou no dia 14 nas feridas tratadas com a epiderme e o estrato córneo espessos. No grupo controle, foi possível visualizar isto a partir do dia 14 e a epiderme e o estrato córneo estavam delgados. Não foi mais encontrado tecido de granulação nos tecidos tratados no dia 14, e no controle encontrou-se nos dias 14 e 21. DISCUSSÃO: de maneira geral a literatura aponta para um efeito benéfico do CAP no processo de cicatrização de feridas tanto quantitativamente, como qualitativamente. CONCLUSÃO: O uso do CAP promoveu uma redução do tempo e melhora qualitativa no processo de cicatrização.

A formação de coágulos em implantes ósseos produz fatores pró-angiogênicos criando um microam-biente adequado para que ocorra a osteogênese, garantindo o sucesso do implante ósseo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do plasma atmosférico frio (CAP) em superfícies de titânio (Ti) na adesão e ativação plaquetária e no tempo de coagulação. Para isso, foram produzidos discos de titânio tratados por CAP durante 15 minutos na voltagem de 15Kv, frequência de 600Hz e 1 L/min de hélio. A topografia foi avaliada por microscopia de força atômica (AFM), a composição química por espec-troscopia de fotoelétrons de raios X (XPS) e a molhabilidade por teste de gota séssil. Foram coletados 30mL de sangue com citrato de sódio 3,2%. O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) foi obtido por centri-fugação a 1000 rpm por 5 min. O tempo de protrombina e tromboplastina parcial foram medidos usando um coagulômetro semiautomático. 800μL de PRP foram distribuídos sobre as amostras e incubados por 60 minutos a 37ºC em atmosfera úmida. Em seguida, as amostras foram lavadas com PBS para remoção de plaquetas não aderidas, fixadas e observadas em microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV) e analisadas no software ImageJ. A adesão plaquetária foi determinada pela distân-cia e número de plaquetas aderidas e ativadas. As amostras tratadas por CAP apresentaram maior ativação plaquetária, maior número de plaquetas na superfície e maior distância quando comparadas às polidas, o que resultou em menor tempo de coagulação proporcionando formação mais rápida de coágulos, frequentemente associado a maior biocompatibilidade do implante e melhor osseointegra-ção.

INTRODUÇÃO: O plasma atmosférico frio (CAP) vem emergindo como tratamento promissor para o tratamento de lesões cutâneas, possuindo capacidade antimicrobiana e antinflamatória. Recentemente vem sendo utilizado no tratamento de neoplasias, promovendo a morte seletiva de células cancerígenas por meio da produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio e nitrogênio (ERON). Dentre os cânceres de pele não melanoma, o carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) é o segundo mais prevalente, especialmente no nordeste do Brasil, onde há alta incidência solar. Os gatos são excelentes modelos para estudos de CCE, pois também frequentemente desenvolvem esse tipo de neoplasia, que possui comportamento semelhante. OBJETIVO: Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do CAP sobre lesões de CCE em gato atendido no Hospital Veterinário Jerônimo Dix-Huit Rosado Maia – HOVET/UFERSA. MÉTODOS: Um felino, macho, adulto, com quatro lesões faciais (plano nasal, ponta da orelha, lábio inferior e canto medial do olho) foi submetido a dois ciclos de tratamento com CAP. Cada ciclo consistiu na administração do plasma por três vezes dentro de uma semana, seguido por uma semana sem exposição. O paciente foi acompanhado para avaliação da resposta ao tratamento e efeitos adversos. RESULTADOS: Com dois ciclos de tratamento foi possível observar resposta completa para as formações menores (canto medial do olho e ponta da orelha). O tumor em plano nasal apresentou resposta parcial e o CCE labial permaneceu estável. Os efeitos adversos foram leves, autolimitantes e incluíram eritema e formação de crostas. CONCLUSÃO: O CAP demonstrou-se eficaz para o tratamento do CCE cutâneo felino, principalmente em lesões superficiais. Para formações mais proliferativas, como em lábio inferior, podem ser necessárias estratégias multimodais de tratamento, a fim de permitir uma maior penetrabilidade das ERON.

Esta investigación aborda el uso de la distribución geométrica con datos censurados aleatoriamente. El conjunto de datos, proporcionado por la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), corresponde a postulantes durante los años 2018 al 2021, de quienes se registró si lograron el ingreso o no. Los datos se censuraron aleatoriamente y se consideró que una censura se presenta cuando el postulante no ingresó y no postuló más. Los parámetros que se estimaron fueron la probabilidad de que ingrese el postulante y la probabilidad de que desista en sus intentos, la cual vendría a ser la probabilidad de censura. Ambas cantidades fueron estimadas con el método de máxima verosimilitud y también los intervalos de confianza fueron obtenidos a partir la matriz de información de Fisher. Así, se encontró que la probabilidad de ingresar a la universidad es 0,117, y esta es mayor en hombres. Además, se estimó una probabilidad de censura igual a 0,296.

Selective coatings are produced with high absorption in the ultraviolet/visible range, composed of ilmenite deposited on stainless steel substrates and aluminum substrates, using the cathodic cage plasma nitriding/deposition technique, for application in solar thermal absorbers. Ilmenite was initially characterized by means of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffractometry and thermal analysis. The coatings produced were optically characterized in the UV/Vis range, the microstructural evaluation of coatings was by scanning electron microscopy and data on the roughness parameters of the films produced were obtained by optical profilometry. Uniform selective surfaces with high solar absorbance (87 %) were obtained in the ilmenite samples deposited on stainless steel substrate.

En este trabajo se presenta nueva evidencia acerca del efecto que la politica monetaria tiene sobre la inversion y la financiacion de las empresas en Estados Unidos y en el Reino Unido. Las empresas mas jovenes y que no pagan dividendos son las que muestran la mayor, —y estadisticamente significativa—, reaccion en terminos de inversion en capital fijo, mientras que las empresas relativamente antiguas casi no presentan reaccion alguna. Esto es asi aun controlando por caracteristicas tradicionales en esta literatura, como son el tamano, el crecimiento en activos, la valuacion, el apalancamiento y liquidez. La reaccion de empresas jovenes que no pagan dividendos explica el movimiento de la inversion agregada. Despues de una contraccion en la politica monetaria, se observa una reaccion de la valuacion de todas las empresas, mientras que la deuda responde solo para aquellas empresas jovenes que no pagan dividendos. Esto se debe a que estas ultimas son las mas expuestas a cambios en el valor del colateral a la hora de endeudarse. Por otro lado, se observa tambien una reaccion en los flujos de caja, aunque dicha reaccion es relativamente pequena y homogenea entre empresas. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de la estructura financiera, asi como de las fricciones en la financiacion externa de las empresas, en la amplificacion de los efectos de la politica monetaria sobre la inversion empresarial.

TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) and BDE-209 (decabromodiphenyl ether) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) produced by industrial activities and associated with several diseases. TCDD is a known human carcinogen, but few studies investigated about the effects of exposure to both compounds, i.e., whether BDE-209 and TCDD can render tumor cells more aggressive and metastatic. In the current study we investigated if the exposure of B16-F1 and B16-F10 melanoma murine cells to environmental relevant concentrations of TCDD and BDE-209 at 24 h and 15-day exposure modulates the expression of genes related to metastasis, making the cells more aggressive. Both pollutants did not affect cell viability but lead to increase of cell proliferation, including the upregulation of vimentin, MMP2, MMP9, MMP14 and PGK1 gene expression and downregulation of E-cadherin, TIMP2, TIMP3 and RECK, strongly suggesting changes in cell phenotypes defined as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BDE-209 and TCDD-exposed cells. Foremost, increased expression of metalloproteinases and decreased expression of their inhibitors made B16-F1 cells similar the more aggressive B16-F10 cell line. Also, the higher secretion of extracellular vesicles by cells after acute exposure to BDE-209 could be related with the phenotype changes. These results are a strong indication of the potential of BDE-209 and TCDD to modulate cell phenotype, leading to a more aggressive profile.

Conduct a review in order to rectify the characteristics of the different plasma sources used and discuss the impact of process parameters on resin-dentin adhesion. Since most of the plasma equipment used in these researches are commercial and have well-defined applications, access to the physical and chemical parameters of the plasma is almost always unavailable. In the present work, the parameters and their influence on resin-dentin adhesion are reviewed.

Plasma–liquid interaction research has developed substantially in recent years due, mostly, to the numerous applications of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). Plasma–liquid interactions are influenced by the concentrations of the ionic species present in the liquid environment, and few studies have paid attention to saline water, which generally mediates the reactions in many plasma applications. Therefore, the present review aims to explore the main results and the influence of variables on the modification of properties of saline water by CAP sources following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The searches were carried out in the Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases, resulting in the inclusion of 37 studies. The main effects of the interaction between CAP and saline water are (i) the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS); (ii) the increase in conductivity and decrease in pH, directly proportional to the increase in discharge voltage; (iii) and the effective area of interaction and the shortest distance between electrode and solution. Other effects are the localized evaporation and crystallization of salts, which make the interaction between plasma and saline water a promising field in the development of technologies for desalination and improvement of liquid properties.

The effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) of dielectric barrier discharges on the wettability, imbibition and germination ofLeucaena leucocephalawere investigated. It was established that CAP treatment markedly hydrophilized the seed coat, especially at longer treatment times. From the profile of the imbibition curve and visual observation, it was possible to verify that there are two resistance barriers to water penetration: integument surface and region of the macrosclereid cell wall (light line). Although the plasma interacts only in the integument, increasing the density of hydrophilic sites increases the capacity of water absorption, producing enough driving force to overcome the second resistance barrier. The existence of these two barriers changes the three-phase pattern generally observed during seed germination. Despite an increase in imbibition, the plasma treatment conditions used in this work, were not enough to overcome completely the dormancy barrier.

Two surface modification techniques, the glow discharge plasma nitriding (GDPN) and the cathodic cage plasma nitriding (CCPN), were compared regarding the mechanical and tribological behavior of layers produced on AISI 316 stainless-steel surfaces. The analyses were carried out at the micro/nanoscale using nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests. The nitriding temperature (°C) and time (h) parameters were 350/6, 400/6, and 450/6. Morphology, structure, and microstructure were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron and optical interferometry microscopies, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. GDPN results in stratified modified surfaces, solidly integrated with the substrate, with a temperature-dependent composition comprising nitrides (γ’-Fe4N, ε-Fe2+xN, CrN) and N-solid solution (γN phase). The latter prevails for the low treatment temperatures. Hardness increases from ~2.5 GPa (bare surface) to ~15.5 GPa (450 °C). The scratch resistance of the GDPN-modified surfaces presents a strong correlation with the layer composition and thickness, with the result that the 400 °C condition exhibits the highest standards against microwear. In contrast, CCPN results in well-defined dual-layers for any of the temperatures. A top 0.3–0.8 µm-thick nitride film (most ε-phase), brittle and easily removable under scratch with loads as low as 63 mN, covers a γN-rich case with hardness of 10 GPa. The thickness of the underneath CCPN layer produced at 450 °C is similar to that from GDPN at 400 °C (3 µm); on the other hand, the average roughness is much lower, comparable to the reference surface (Ra ~10 nm), while the layer formation involves no chromium depletion. Moreover, edge effects are absent across the entire sample´s surface. In conclusion, among the studied conditions, the GDPN 400 °C disclosed the best tribo-mechanical performance, whereas CCPN resulted in superior surface finishing for application purposes.

The behaviour of ions at solid–liquid interfaces underpins countless phenomena, from the conduction of nervous impulses to charge transfer in solar cells. In most cases, ions do not operate as isolated entities, but in conjunction with neighbouring ions and the surrounding solution. In aqueous solutions, recent studies suggest the existence of group dynamics through water-mediated clusters but results allowing direct tracking of ionic domains with atomic precision are scarce. Here, we use high-speed atomic force microscopy to track the evolution of Rb+, K+, Na+ and Ca2+ nano-domains containing 20 to 120 ions adsorbed at the surface of mica in aqueous solution. The interface is exposed to a shear flow able to influence the lateral motion of single ions and clusters. The results show that, when in groups, metal ions tend to move with a relatively slow dynamics, as can be expected from a correlated group motion, with an average residence timescale of ~ 1–2 s for individual ions at a given atomic site. The average group velocity of the clusters depends on the ions’ charge density and can be explained by the ion’s hydration state. The lateral shear flow of the fluid is insufficient to desorb ions, but indirectly influences the diffusion dynamics by acting on ions in close vicinity to the surface. The results provide insights into the dynamics of ion clusters when adsorbed onto an immersed solid under shear flow.

With the steady development and growth of distributed power energy resources (DERs), traditional distribution networks are being transformed in active distribution networks (ADNs), characterized by the presence of microgrids. Therefore, optimization of microgrid's resources has gained importance. The main challenges on optimization of microgrids are the high penetration of renewables such as PV and wind power, since these sources have an intermittent behavior that increases uncertainties, and managing DERs and energy transactions with the distribution system. This work proposes a framework for the day-ahead optimal operation planning of a microgrid containing batteries, controllable loads, PV generation, and thermal generation that accounts for the uncertainties using a robust optimization (RO) approach. The microgrid network feeders were also represented, aiming to ensure compliance with the operational constraints such as bus voltages and feeders' capacity limits. The system was modeled as a mixed-integer linear programming problem (MILP) and solved using a two-stage decomposition via a column and constraint generation algorithm (C&CG). The results indicate that the proposed framework can solve the microgrid optimization problem within reasonable computational time (< 5s) and demonstrate the importance of considering uncertainties, since a mere 15% uncertainty in load and PV generation forecast caused a 29,8% increase in daily operational costs.

Distribution networks typically have unbalanced loads; however, most works on Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) use single-phase representations. This paper proposes a linear alternate current (AC) three-phase optimal power flow (OPF) for a day-ahead operation planning of ADNs and microgrids. The proposed AC linear three-phase optimal power flow model is based on polar coordinate systems and considering some consistent approximations for linearization of power flow equations. The shunts admittances of the network and the mutual impedances between phases of the three-phase lines are considered in the model. In this paper, the proposed linear AC three-phase OPF model is used to define the optimal day-ahead operation planning of active distribution systems and microgrids with three-phase feeders and three-phase distributed generators (DG) and energy storage (ES). Since this model proposes a three-phase representation of the system, it provides more accurate results, making it an effective tool for optimal planning of the ADN operation. The proposed model is illustrated using the IEEE 34-bus test system and results show its effectiveness and excellent performance, presenting an error of less than 4% for the voltage magnitude of the buses and less than 2% for the apparent power flow of the lines, when compared with non-linear models.

Methods We present a detailed clinical, laboratory, electroencephalogram/magnetic resonance imaging description and a 4-month follow-up of a case of stroke and provoked seizures as manifestation of angel's trumpet intoxication. Results/discussion A 76-year-old woman presented with stuporous state evolving in 48 hours in bilateral mydriasis, vomiting, global aphasia, confusion, and stereotyped movement. An interictal electroencephalogram, performed 72 hours later, showed frequent generalized epileptiform discharges, and a brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed 2 small subcortical lesions in the right frontal lobe on diffusion weighted imaging sequences. When completely recovered, she could tell that she had mistaken angel's trumpet flowers for pumpkin flowers, so she had eaten them. Conclusions Angel's trumpet intoxication is a neurological emergency that deserves attention of both the media in matter of plant poisoning and the scientific forums because of the high lethal potential to better choose the diagnostic and therapeutic process.

Orientador: Marcos Nobre Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas Resumo: Pretendemos analisar a ética do discurso a partir do seu requisito de uma identidade pós-convencional. Valemo-nos, num primeiro momento, do novo lugar ocupado pela filosofia no quadro da modernidade e sua atuação como ciência reconstrutiva. Num segundo momento, ocupamo-nos com a compreensão da teoria da evolução social habermasiana, implícita no processo de racionalização do mundo da vida, com o propósito de aclarar a constituição das sociedades pós-convencionais. Em seguida acompanhamos a reconstrução dos estágios da consciência moral empreendida pela psicologia do desenvolvimento, com intuito de verificar as condições que permitem ao indivíduo agir e julgar segundo princípios universais. Por último, examinamos o funcionamento da lógica do discurso prático com o intento de assegurar a fundamentação do princípio moral pós-convencional Abstract: We intend to analysis the ethic of the discourse ITomhis requirement of an identity ostconventional. We are valuable, on the first moment, ofthe new site occupied by philosophy in the square of modernity and its actuation as reconstructive science. In a second moment, we occupy with the comprehension of theory of the habermasian social evolution, implicate of the process of rationalizing of the life world, with the purpose to make clear the constitution of the societies post-conventional. Following we follow the reconstruction ofthe periods ofthe moral conscience undertaking by the development of the psychology, with the intention to verify the conditions that permit to the individualproceed and to judge second universal principIes.At last, we examine the function of the logical of the practical speech with the intent of assert the basis of the moral principIe post-conventional Mestrado Mestre em Filosofia

Fluid lubricants are routinely used to reduce friction in a wide range of applications, from car engines to machinery and hard-disk drives. However, their efficiency can be significantly influenced by the ambient conditions they are exposed to, in particular humidity. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the well-documented impact of water on lubrication remains limited, hindering the improvement of tribological formulations. Here, we use Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and shear force spectroscopy to investigate the structural and dynamical behaviour of a model lubricant, hexadecane, confined between an AFM probe and a hydrophilic mica surface at different temperatures and humidities. We show that both the nanoscale structure and the tribological behaviour of the system are dominated by the nucleation of water nanodroplets at the interface. The process is favoured at higher temperature and can be explained with classical nucleation theory whereby the droplets become stable when larger than 20 nm to 50 nm size, depending on the ambient conditions. Below this threshold, a molecularly thin film of water molecules coats the surface uniformly. Highly localised shear measurements demonstrate a detrimental impact of the nanodroplets on shear with a twofold increase in the lubricated friction force. However, this can be mitigated by the adjunction of an amphiphilic additive, here oleic acid.

The enzymatic oxidation process that causes black spots on shrimp, named melanosis, leads to spoilage and economic losses. Therefore, there is an urgent need for strategies to reduce melan...

A titanium surface nitrided by plasma contains nitrogen ions that guarantee resistance to corrosion and biocompatibility. Despite this, no descriptions concerning the influence of the expression of cell adhesion proteins and their influence on osteogenic cell differentiation are available. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the response of murine pre‐osteoblastic cells (MC3T3‐E1) cultured on nitrided titanium surfaces. Pre‐osteoblastic cells were grown on polished titanium discs, used as controls, and on previously characterized plasma‐nitrided titanium discs. Cells from both groups were submitted to the MTT cell viability test. The expressions of α5, α2, and β1 integrin were assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, while osteocalcin expression was assessed by flow cytometry. The nitrided surface presented higher α2 and β1 integrin expressions, as well as osteocalcin expression, when compared to the polished surface, with no alterations in cell viability. These findings seem to suggest that the plasma nitriding treatment produces a titanium surface with the potential for effective in vitro osseointegration.

Modern bio-chemical sensors rely on functional interfacial architectures with well-defined structural nano-motifs over a physical transducer. Gold-coated interfaces are of particular interest for their desirable chemical (functionalization) and optical (plasmonic) properties. Here we investigate the cleaning and polishing of polycrystalline gold films in preparation of advanced surface functionalization. We focus on soft wet chemical etching to decrease the small-scale roughness commonly observed after evaporation or sputtering of gold. We show that optimized surfaces are obtained by etching in solutions of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. We systematically quantify the films wettability, surface nano-topography, UV-VIS spectrum and the electrochemical and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) changes throughout the etching process. Optimal results are obtained by etching with a HCl(37%):H2O2(30%):H2O mixture, with a volume ratio of reagents 3:3:94 during 15-20 minutes at room temperature for the main step. This reduces by a factor two the root-mean-square roughness, removes contaminants, increases hydrophilicity and modifies the gold surface by Au(Cl)x complexes. Significantly, the resulting the surface is hydrophilic enough to prevent globular proteins such as HSA to unfold upon deposition at concentrations more than ~1 mg/mL. Our protocol offers a simple, reliable and rapid method for the preparation of gold surface in view of further functionalization including the binding of receptor layers and various micro- and nanostructures required in chemical and biochemical sensing.

Distribution networks have undergone a series of changes, with the insertion of distributed energy resources, such as distributed generation, energy storage systems, and demand response, allowing the consumers to produce energy and have an active role in distribution systems. Thus, it is possible to form microgrids. From the active grid’s point of view, it is necessary to plan the operation considering the distributed resources and the microgrids connected to it, aiming to ensure the maintenance of grid economy and operational safety. So, this paper presents the proposition of a hierarchical model for planning the daily operation of active distribution grids with microgrids. In this case, the entire grid operation is optimized considering the results from the microgrid optimization itself. If none of the technical constraints, for example voltage levels, are reached, the grid is optimized, however, if there are some violations in the constraints feedback is sent to the internal microgrid optimization to be run again. Several scenarios are evaluated to verify the iteration among the controls in a coordinated way allowing the optimization of the operation of microgrids, as well as of the distribution network. A coordinated and hierarchical operation of active distribution networks with microgrids, specifically when they have distributed energy resources allocated and operated in an optimized way, results in a reduction in operating costs, losses, and greater flexibility and security of the whole system.

Control of BO6 octahedral rotations at the heterointerfaces of dissimilar ABO3 perovskites has emerged as a powerful route for engineering novel physical properties. However, its impact length scale is constrained at 2–6 unit cells close to the interface and the octahedral rotations relax quickly into bulk tilt angles away from interface. Here, a long‐range (up to 12 unit cells) suppression of MnO6 octahedral rotations in La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 through the formation of superlattices with SrTiO3 can be achieved. The suppressed MnO6 octahedral rotations strongly modify the magnetic and electronic properties of La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 and hence create a new ferromagnetic insulating state with enhanced Curie temperature of 235 K. The emergent properties in La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 arise from a preferential occupation of the out‐of‐plane Mn d 3z 2−r 2 orbital and a reduced Mn eg bandwidth, induced by the suppressed octahedral rotations. The realization of long‐range tuning of BO6 octahedra via superlattices can be applicable to other strongly correlated perovskites for exploring new emergent quantum phenomena.

Hydro-thermal-wind operation planning comprises a set of operational decisions made in an environment of uncertainty. The power demand and power generation are uncertain, mainly the hydro and wind power plants due to their dependence on natural factors. Robust optimization in planning under uncertainty has proven to be a very efficient technique, including the operation planning of electrical power systems. Thus, in this paper is proposed a computational model based on robust optimization to perform hydro-thermal-wind operation planning considering the uncertainties related to hydro and wind generation, besides the demand. The proposed model is verified through two test systems: one with two nodes and another one considering the southern Brazilian subsystem (33 nodes). Several study scenarios are simulated, indicating that the proposed formulation, when compared to the deterministic approach, presents a relatively low cost and a low risk of energy deficit.

Epitaxial strain provides important pathways to control the magnetic and electronic states in transition-metal oxides. However, the large strain is usually accompanied by a strong reduction of the oxygen-vacancy formation energy, which hinders the direct manipulation of their intrinsic properties. Here, using a postdeposition ozone annealing method, we obtain a series of oxygen stoichiometric SrCoO3 thin films with the tensile strain up to 3.0%. We observe a robust ferromagnetic ground state in all strained thin films, while interestingly the tensile strain triggers a distinct metal-to-insulator transition along with the increase of the tensile strain. The persistent ferromagnetic state across the electrical transition therefore suggests that the magnetic state is directly correlated with the localized electrons, rather than the itinerant ones, which then calls for further investigation of the intrinsic mechanism of this magnetic compound beyond the double-exchange mechanism.

Nanoscale lubrication measurements around nanodefects point to local molecular ordering as the main cause for friction., The lubrication properties of nanoconfined liquids underpin countless natural and industrial processes. However, our current understanding of lubricated friction is still limited, especially for nonideal interfaces exhibiting nanoscale chemical and topographical defects. Here, we use atomic force microscopy to explore the equilibrium and dynamical behavior of a model lubricant, squalane, confined between a diamond tip and graphite in the vicinity of an atomic step. We combine high-resolution imaging of the interface with highly localized shear measurements at different velocities and temperatures to derive a quantitative picture of the lubricated friction around surface defects. We show that defects tend to promote local molecular order and increase friction forces by reducing the number of stable molecular configurations in their immediate vicinity. The effect is general, can propagate over hundreds of nanometers, and can be quantitatively described by a semiempirical model that bridges the molecular details and mesoscale observations.

Epitaxial strain provides important pathways to control the magnetic and electronic states in transition metal oxides. However, the large strain is usually accompanied by a strong reduction of the oxygen vacancy formation energy, which hinders the direct manipulation of their intrinsic properties. Here using a post-deposition ozone annealing method, we obtained a series of oxygen stoichiometric SrCoO3 thin films with the tensile strain up to 3.0%. We observed a robust ferromagnetic ground state in all strained thin films, while interestingly the tensile strain triggers a distinct metal to insulator transition along with the increase of the tensile strain. The persistent ferromagnetic state across the electrical transition therefore suggests that the magnetic state is directly correlated with the localized electrons, rather than the itinerant ones, which then calls for further investigation of the intrinsic mechanism of this magnetic compound beyond the double-exchange mechanism.

This study describes a methodology to solve the multi-period distribution expansion planning problem considering reliability, distributed generation (DG), capacitor and switch placement in the context of smart grids. The developed computational model is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear optimisation problem and solved through the combination of meta-heuristics, stochastic simulation methods (Monte-Carlo simulation), and application of optimal power flow. The main objectives of this optimisation problem are defining the best choice to install power system components and determining the installation period and size of components to minimise investment cost while maximising system reliability. The proposed method was implemented in a modified version of the IEEE-RBTS bus 2 and in a 90-bus test system. The obtained results show a reduction of >20% of the operating cost and >70% of the average interruption time. In addition, it was performed scenarios not including DG, self-healing, and reliability analysis, individually. The analyses show the impact in the results by including a new variable in the expansion planning, increasing up to 40% in the fitness function value. Furthermore, it is presented with a discussion of the impact of the method to estimate the reliability indexes on the optimisation process.

A catalog of vascular plants growing in Chile is presented. It is organized by divisions, Pteridophyta (Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiopsida), Pinophyta (Gnetopsida and Pinopsida) and Magnoliophyta (Liliopsida and Magnoliopsida), and within each group, the taxonomic hierarchies (Family, Genus, Species and infraspecific taxa) are arranged alphabetically. In accordance with this catalogue, the flora of vascular plants of Chile comprise 186 families, 1121 genera and 5471 species, 4655 species are native, 2145 of these are endemic to Chile and 816 species are introduced.

Bacterial adhesion on three different surfaces: untreated Ti, plasma nitriding, and plasma carbonitriding Ti substrates were investigated. The samples were placed in bacterial cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to assess biofilm formation. The correlation between the amount of bacteria attached to the surface after a lapse of time with nanotopography and physicochemical properties was performed. TiN showed the highest capacity to avoid bacterial adhesion, while presenting intermediate roughness and wettability. Although the surface of TiCN had the highest surface roughness and low contact angle (high wettability), bacterial adhesion was intermediate on this sample. Untreated Ti, even though presenting a smooth surface and low wettability, had the highest tendency to form biofilms.

This study aimed evaluating the effects of cold plasma on the quality attributes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Shrimp were divided into 4 sample groups: one control and the remaining groups subjected to cold plasma at frequencies of 5, 10, and 15 kHz, respectively, during 10 minutes of application followed by evaluation of chemical, physical, microbiological, and sensorial characteristics. Cold plasma contributed significantly to the maintenance of shrimp quality during storage, delaying the melanization process, microbial growth, improving the physicochemical and sensorial qualities of the samples. Exposure of white shrimp to non-thermal plasma at 15 kHz promoted better physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial results, and increased the shelf life of samples by 5 days, suggesting that the treatment is effective to preserve the quality of shrimp.

Power systems have incorporated many new technologies in recent years and the introduction of energy storage systems and demand response provides additional challenges for their operation and expansion planning. Current distribution networks are complex active networks where many technologies are included, which must be considered and properly represented in expansion planning models. Thus, this paper proposes a robust model to solve the coordinated operation and expansion planning of active distribution networks with multiple microgrids, distributed energy resources (DERs), demand response, and N-1 generation contingency. The objective is to determine the best expansion planning proposals and the optimal daily operation (24-hour representation) for the DERs under the worst realization of uncertainties, using a contingency-constrained approach. Besides, the load is represented by non-controllable, controllable, and deferrable portions. The model is formulated as a tri-level problem that is solved using a two-stage robust optimization approach. The proposed method is illustrated using a modified version of the IEEE 123-bus test system. The results show that the coordinated operation and expansion planning decreases the total cost of the problem and provides more consistent results for demand response and DERs coordination. Simulations show a reduction of 13.8% in the total cost if the daily operation and demand response are represented, and the inclusion of contingencies provides a reduction of 70% in the EENS (expected energy not served) reliability index for the case study.

The world energy matrix has diversified and has become a mix of hydroelectric, thermoelectric and renewable sources, such as wind energy. However, wind power is uncertain and variable, and its random intermittence leads to great challenges in coordinating it with a large hydrothermal system, for example. These questions require increased availability of spinning reserve as a solution to reduce the risk of deficit in moments when there is no wind power generation. This spinning reserve must be appropriately allocated between the hydraulic and thermal generating units so that, when necessary, they will be available and operational. To carry out this adequate allocation, besides considering the conventional operational limits of a problem of generation dispatch, it is also necessary to take into consideration the limits of the interchange lines that connect the subsystems that compose the electric network. So, in cases of congestion of these transmission lines, the subsystem itself can supply its spinning reserve under different hydrological conditions. Thus, this work proposes a mathematical formulation to dispatch power generation and allocate spinning reserve simultaneously, considering different hydrological day-ahead conditions. To do this, a nonlinear and dynamic optimal power flow is modeled, which, in addition to performing the active and reactive power dispatch of a hydrothermal system (including electrical and energy restrictions) for a day-ahead horizon, is also capable of carrying out an optimal allocation of the spinning reserve (hydraulic and thermal). The model is tested using a system of 33 buses to represent the system of the southern region of Brazil.