723 results on '"Christoph Nikendei"'
Search Results
2. Substance Use Disorders Among Forcibly Displaced People: a Narrative Review
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Hussien Elkholy, Joseph Tay Wee Teck, Shalini Arunogiri, Merit Ramses Asaad, Franziska Baessler, Roshan Bhad, Emanuela Nadia Borghi, Anja Busse, Hamed Ekhtiari, Subodh Dave, Marica Ferri, Claire Greene, George F. Koob, Christos Kouimtsidis, Dzimtry Krupchanka, Christoph Nikendei, Stavroula Pipyrou, Vladimir Poznyak, Nora D. Volkow, Aaron M. White, Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi, Nadine Ezard, Marc N. Potenza, and Alexander M Baldacchino
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology - Published
- 2023
3. Motive, Ziele und erwartete Barrieren engagierter Mitarbeiter*innen einer Nachhaltigkeitsinitiative an einem Krankenhaus der Maximalversorgung – eine qualitative Analyse
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Nadja Gebhardt, Clara Saur, Nicola Litke, and Christoph Nikendei
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Health Policy ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Education - Published
- 2023
4. Environmental issues hidden in medical education: What are the effects on students’ environmental awareness and knowledge?
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Patrick, Straßer, Christoph, Nikendei, Till J, Bugaj, Michael, Kühl, and Susanne J, Kühl
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Students, Medical ,Education, Medical ,Germany ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Health Policy ,Humans ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Curriculum ,Education - Abstract
Global warming is one of the major challenges faced by society. To raise students' awareness related to these issues, we embedded environmental learning goals in mandatory courses. The aim of this initiative was to determine whether the integration of environmental topics into a seminar focussing on non-environmental issues facilitates changes in the environmental knowledge and awareness of students.Third-year molecular medicine students (intervention group, IG) were assigned short environment-related tasks in a not environment-related scientific writing seminar. Using standardized questionnaires before and after the seminar, students were assessed with a set of up to 48 questions relating to environmental affect, cognition, behavioral intention and knowledge as well as specific personal aspects. The comparison group (CG) consisted of third-year dentistry students who were assessed twice during an equivalent pre-post time period and who did not attend the seminar. The analysis was carried out with 15 students from the IG and 14 from the CG.Integrating environmental topics into a scientific writing seminar focussing on non-environmental issues led to a significantly increased level of awareness of the threats from climate change in the IG (p0.05). No further significant changes in other areas of environmental awareness were observed in either group. In addition, the environmental knowledge of the IG students (p≤0.01) but not of the CG students (p=0.285) was significantly enhanced.This study shows that factual environmental knowledge on the issues addressed can be increased by a cautious approach of environmental communication. However, more deep-seated personal attitudes and environmental awareness cannot be sustainably changed using this low intervention dose.
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- 2022
5. Psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutische Unterstützung von Covid-19-Patient:innen in häuslicher Quarantäne: Eine Inhaltsanalyse supportiver Telefongespräche
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Ulrike Dinger, Lorena Morschek, Laura Stangl, Dominik Israel, Alexander Schopper, Eric Thanbichler, Franziska Zumbaum-Fischer, Theresa Hippchen, Uta Merle, Karin Tarbet, and Christoph Nikendei
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General Medicine - Published
- 2022
6. Psychotherapy trainees’ perspective on a longitudinal curriculum for the training of psychodynamic intervention competencies
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Inka Montan, Ulrike Dinger, Julia Dück, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Timo Storck, Svenja Taubner, Leoni P. H. Weintz, Moritz Thake, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Henning Schauenburg, Jobst-Hendrik Schultz, and Christoph Nikendei
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Clinical Psychology - Published
- 2022
7. Characterization of different types of anxiety disorders in relation to structural integration of personality and adverse and protective childhood experiences in psychotherapy outpatients – a cross-sectional study
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Jonathan Nowak, Christoph Nikendei, Ivo Rollmann, Maximilian Orth, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and David Kindermann
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Background: Current research has emphasized the role of structural integration of personality and childhood experiences for the understanding of anxiety disorders. In this study, we examined the relationship between anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder vs. panic disorder vs. phobic disorders), level of structural integration of personality, and negative and protective childhood experiences. Differences were characterized in comparison to patients with no anxiety disorders. Methods: The sample included a total of 1646 outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy treatments, of which 695 treatments included the diagnosis of at least one anxiety disorder. Levels of structural integration of personality were assessed according to the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) system. Self-reported negative and protective childhood experiences were examined by using the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adverse and Protective Childhood Experiences (APC). Associations were tested using single factor ANOVAs. Results: Patients with anxiety disorders showed lower levels of structural integration of personality and reported more adverse childhood experiences than patients with no anxiety disorders. Regarding the subscales of structural integration of personality, phobic disorders were associated with impaired external communication, whereas for generalized anxiety disorder, an (uncorrected) association with impaired self-regulation was found. Also, generalized anxiety disorder was associated with sexual abuse and other traumatization (accidents etc.) during childhood, while panic disorder and phobic disorders were associated with emotional neglect, abuse, and fewer protective childhood experiences. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the need of considering structural integration of personality and childhood experiences in order to understand and treat different types of anxiety disorders.
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- 2023
8. Measuring an understudied factor in medical education – development and validation of the medical curiosity scale
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Till Johannes Bugaj, Tim Alexander Schwarz, Valentin Terhoeven, Ede Nagy, Anna Cranz, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
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General Medicine ,Education - Published
- 2023
9. Fragen als good practices in der psychodynamischen Psychotherapie
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Thomas Spranz-Fogasy, Christoph Nikendei, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, and Susanne Kabatnik
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- 2023
10. 2slides4future
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Anna Cranz, Till Johannes Bugaj, and Christoph Nikendei
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General Engineering - Published
- 2022
11. Klima, Psyche, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie
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Christoph Nikendei
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General Engineering - Published
- 2022
12. Psychische Belastung von Geflüchteten in vorläufigen Unterkünften des Rhein-Neckar-Kreises/Baden-Württemberg
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Irja Rzepka, Catharina Zehetmair, Ede Nagy, David Kindermann, Christoph Kölmel, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Aufgrund von prä-, peri und post-migratorischen Stressfaktoren leiden Geflüchtete häufiger als die Allgemeinbevölkerung unter psychischen Erkrankungen. Um die Prävalenz von Posttraumatischem Stress, depressiven und Angstsymptomen bei Geflüchteten niederschwellig zu erfassen, wurde eine Erhebung mit Kurzfragebögen in vorläufigen Unterkünften des Rhein-Neckar-Kreises durchgeführt. Methodik Zur Erfassung der Prävalenz psychischer Belastungssymptome wurden alle erwachsenen Geflüchteten in 7 vorläufigen Unterkünften des Rhein-Neckar-Kreises angesprochen. Willigten sie in die Erhebung ein und sprachen eine der 7 verfügbaren Sprachen, wurde die psychische Belastung mittels PC-PTSD-5 und PHQ-4 erhoben (n=106). Ergebnisse Die Befragten erlebten im Durchschnitt 3,18 (SD 2,48) traumatische Ereignisse. 47,2% der Befragten zeigten Symptome einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung, 37,7% einer Depression und 29,2% einer Angststörung. Dabei standen weder das Geschlecht noch das Alter in einem signifikanten Zusammenhang mit bestimmten traumatischen Erlebnissen oder den genannten Diagnosen. Diskussion Die vorliegende Studie zeigt eine hohe Prävalenz von Traumatisierung, Depression- und Angstsymptomen bei Geflüchteten, die in Deutschland in vorläufigen Unterkünften leben. Sowohl die Identifizierung der Betroffenen wie auch die psychologische Versorgung sind jedoch mit zahlreichen Schwierigkeiten verbunden. Schlussfolgerung Auch nach längerem Aufenthalt in Deutschland ist die Prävalenz psychischer Belastung bei Geflüchteten im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung deutlich erhöht. Es besteht großer Bedarf, psychisch erkrankte Geflüchtete systematisch zu identifizieren und bestehende Versorgungslücken zu schließen.
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- 2022
13. Menschenhandel im Kontext von Flucht und Vertreibung
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Estella A Tambini Stollwerck, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
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- 2022
14. Die Perspektive ehrenamtlicher Helfer*innen bei der Unterstützung von Geflüchteten während der Corona-Pandemie
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Jan Lauter, Lorena Morschek, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
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General Medicine - Abstract
Der Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie hat mit den verordneten Einschränkungen seit März 2020 zahlreiche ehrenamtliche Tätigkeiten, darunter auch die Flüchtlingshilfe, stark eingeschränkt oder sogar ganz zum Erliegen gebracht. Bislang finden sich allerdings nur wenige Arbeiten darüber, wie umfassend das Ausmaß der Einschränkungen der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit in der Flüchtlingsversorgung ausgefallen ist und unter welchen Bedingungen die Unterstützung für Geflüchtete während der pandemiebedingten Einschränkungen weitergeführt werden kann. Bei der hier präsentierten Untersuchung handelt es sich um eine prospektive Querschnittsuntersuchung mittels Fragebogen. Es wurden n=55 aktive ehrenamtliche Helfer*innen für Geflüchtete aus 54 Gemeinden im Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg mit einer Online-Erhebung befragt. Der Fragebogen umfasst deskriptiv geschlossene Fragen und explorativ offene Fragen zu der ehrenamtlichen Arbeit in Zeiten des pandemiebedingten Lockdowns. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es eine deutliche Reduktion der Unterstützung für Geflüchtete von Seiten ehrenamtlicher Helfer*innen gegeben hat, wenngleich ein hohes Maß an Motivation und Eigeninitiative zur Aufrechterhaltung der Hilfeleistungen beigetragen hat.
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- 2022
15. Erstellung und Validierung einer Kurzversion des Fragebogens zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrung (APK-18)
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Christoph Nikendei, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Matthias Volz, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Henning Schauenburg, Ulrike Dinger, and Johannes Zimmermann
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Clinical Psychology - Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die Erfassung von Kindheitserfahrungen stellt einen wichtigen Baustein für Verständnis und Behandlung psychischer Belastungen im Erwachsenenalter dar. Dabei kommt der Erfassung protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen neben etablierten aversiven Erlebnissen eine wachsende Bedeutung zu. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Erstellung einer validen, reliablen und zeitökonomischen Kurzform des Fragebogens zur Erfassung aversiver und protektiver Kindheitserfahrungen (APK). Mithilfe des Ant-Colony Optimization (ACO) Algorithmus wurden an einer klinisch-psychotherapeutischen Stichprobe ( n = 701) aus den 59 Items der Langversion ein Set von 18 Items identifiziert und an einer nicht-klinischen Stichprobe ( n = 643) validiert. Die Kurzversion (APK-18) zeigte gute Reliabilität und Validität und unterschied anhand latenter Mittelwertunterschiede zuverlässig zwischen klinischen und nicht-klinischen Teilnehmenden. Einschränkungen bezüglich der Reliabilität ergaben sich bei 2 der insgesamt 8 Sub-Skalen, „Sonstige traumatische Ereignisse“ und „Trennungserfahrungen“. Mit der Kurzversion APK–18 liegt ein ökonomisches und valides Messinstrument vor, welches in klinische Routineerhebungen integriert werden kann.
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- 2021
16. Stabilisierungsgruppe für traumatisierte männliche Geflüchtete in einer Erstaufnahmeeinrichtung des Landes Baden-Württemberg: Konzept und Erfahrungen
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Catharina Zehetmair, David Kindermann, Anne Klippel, Claudia Kaufmann, Ede Nagy, Inga Tegeler, Christoph Nikendei, and Hans-Christoph Friederich
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Political science ,Humanities ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
ZusammenfassungGeflüchtete erleben vielfach traumatisierende Ereignisse im Heimatland und auf der Flucht, die in dieser Gruppe zu einer erhöhten Prävalenz der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung führen. Traumaorientierte stabilisierende Techniken können vor allem in der frühen post-migratorischen Phase eine erste psychosoziale Stabilisierung traumatisierter Geflüchteter bewirken. In diesem Beitrag wird das klinische Konzept der offenen Stabilisierungsgruppe für männliche, traumatisierte Geflüchtete im Erstaufnahme- und Registrierungszentrum „Patrick-Henry Village“ des Landes Baden-Württemberg vorgestellt. Die Stabilisierungsgruppe in englischer Sprache folgt einem offenen Gruppenkonzept mit einer wiederkehrenden Struktur bestehend aus Begrüßungsrunde, dem gemeinsamen Üben von Achtsamkeits- und imaginativen Stabilisierungsübungen und einer Abschlussrunde. Die bisherigen Erfahrungen zeigen, dass das Konzept einer offenen Stabilisierungsgruppe im Kontext einer Erstaufnahme- und Registrierungsstelle für Geflüchtete gut implementierbar ist.
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- 2021
17. Age stereotypes towards younger and older colleagues in registered nurses and supervisors in a university hospital: A generic qualitative study
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Harald Gündel, Sebastian Götz, Imad Maatouk, Andreas Müller, Christoph Nikendei, Madeleine Helaß, Florian Junne, and Anja Greinacher
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Stereotyp ,Medizin ,supervisors ,Nurses ,Medizinisches Personal ,Medical care ,Hospitals, University ,Nursing ,Germany ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Teams in the workplace ,Intergenerational communication ,younger employees ,Workplace ,Qualitative Research ,General Nursing ,Work context ,Inpatient setting ,qualitative approaches ,Health personnel ,University hospital ,Diversity in the workplace ,Focus group ,age stereotypes ,Diversity management ,Baby boomers ,older employees ,Vielfalt ,Stereotypes ,Psychology ,DDC 610 / Medicine & health ,Altersgemischte Gruppe ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Aim This study aimed to identify and compare age stereotypes of registered nurses and supervisors in clinical inpatient settings. Design Generic qualitative study using half‐standardized interviews. Method Nineteen face‐to‐face interviews and five focus groups (N = 50) were conducted with nurses of varying levels at a hospital of maximum medical care in Germany between August and November 2018 and were subjected to structured qualitative content analysis. Results Reflecting the ageing process and cooperation in mixed‐age teams, nursing staff and supervisors defined similar age stereotypes towards older and younger nurses reminiscent of common generational labels ‘Baby Boomers’ and Generations X. Their evaluation created an inconsistent and contradictory pattern differing to the respective work context and goals. Age stereotypes were described as both potentially beneficial and detrimental for the individual and the cooperation in the team. If a successfully implemented diversity management focuses age stereotypes, negative assumptions can be reduced and cooperation in mixed‐age teams can be considered beneficial. Conclusion Diversity management as measures against age stereotypes and for mutual acceptance and understanding should include staff from various hierarchical levels of the inpatient setting., publishedVersion
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- 2021
18. Verbal memory following weight gain in adult patients with anorexia nervosa: A longitudinal study
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Valentin Terhoeven, Sandra Faschingbauer, Julia Huber, Wolfgang Herzog, Hans‐Christoph Friederich, Joe J. Simon, and Christoph Nikendei
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology - Abstract
Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) show a moderate deficit in overall neuropsychological functioning. Since previous studies on memory performance mainly employed cross-sectional designs, the present study aims to investigate changes in verbal memory following weight-gain.Verbal memory was assessed with the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R; 'logical memory'-story-recall-subtest) and the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II; 'verbal learning'). Included were 31 female patients with AN (18 restricting-, 13 purging-subtype; average disease duration: 5.1 years; average baseline BMI: 14.4 kg/mAt baseline, patients with AN as compared to healthy women displayed deficits in logical memory. In the follow-up assessment, patients with AN improved their logical memory significantly compared to healthy controls (p 0.006). Furthermore, groups did not differ in verbal learning neither before nor after inpatient treatment.Enhanced logical memory in patients with AN following weight-gain is probably due to the impaired memory as compared to healthy controls at T0. A survivorship bias could explain the improved memory performance in longitudinal data in contrast to cross-sectional studies. Patients with AN with poorer memory performance before inpatient treatment are at higher risk to drop out and need support.
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- 2022
19. Face, Content, and Construct Validity of a Virtual Reality Otoscopy Simulator and Applicability to Medical Training
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Mark Praetorius, Tobias Albrecht, and Christoph Nikendei
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Otoscopy ,Virtual reality ,User-Computer Interface ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Age groups ,Human–computer interaction ,Humans ,Medicine ,Computer Simulation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Otoscope ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Function (engineering) ,media_common ,Sensory organ ,business.industry ,Virtual Reality ,Construct validity ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Face (geometry) ,Medical training ,Surgery ,Clinical Competence ,Curriculum ,business - Abstract
Otologic diseases are common in all age groups and can significantly impair the function of this important sensory organ. To make a correct diagnosis, the correct handling of the otoscope and a correctly performed examination are essential. A virtual reality simulator could make it easier to teach this difficult-to-teach skill. The aim of this study was to assess the face, content, and construct validity of the novel virtual reality otoscopy simulator and the applicability to otologic training.Face and content validity was assessed with a questionnaire. Construct validity was assessed in a prospectively designed controlled trial.Training for medical students at a tertiary referral center.The questionnaire used a 6-point Likert scale. The otoscopy was rated with a modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills. Time to complete the task and the percentage of the assessed eardrum surface were recorded.The realism of the simulator and the applicability to medical training were assessed across several items. The ratings suggested good face and content validity as well as usefulness and functionality of the simulator. The otolaryngologists significantly outperformed the student group in all categories measured (P.0001), suggesting construct validity of the simulator.In this study, we could demonstrate face, content, and construct validity for a novel high-fidelity virtual reality otoscopy simulator. The results encourage the use of the otoscopy simulator as a complementary tool to traditional teaching methods in a curriculum for medical students.
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- 2021
20. The association of perceived leadership style and subjective well-being of employees in a tertiary hospital in Germany
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Rebecca, Erschens, Tanja, Seifried-Dübon, Felicitas, Stuber, Monika A, Rieger, Stephan, Zipfel, Christoph, Nikendei, Melanie, Genrich, Peter, Angerer, Imad, Maatouk, Harald, Gündel, Eva, Rothermund, Martin, Peters, and Florian, Junne
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Professionals in the healthcare sector are a particularly vulnerable group for occupational strain due to high work-related psychological stress. For the implementation of targeted stress-prevention interventions as an important part of a workplace health management programme for all occupational groups and hierarchy levels, information about the current state of their mental health is mandatory. Hence, this study investigated the association of general well-being and different leadership styles among employees in a German tertiary hospital.Via an online survey, 10,101 employees were contacted. The final sample consisted of 1137 employees. Of these, 27.7% described themselves as leaders and 72.3% as followers. Most participants were female (74.8%), more than half were under 41 years old. Besides control variables, general well-being (WHO-5) and leadership style (transactional and transformational, laissez-faire and destructive leadership) were assessed.Leaders reported higher well-being scores than followers. Physicians without leadership responsibilities had the lowest scores for well-being. Practitioners of both transformational and transactional leadership were associated with higher well-being scores, while those practicing laissez-faire and destructive leadership had lower scores for almost every professional group.Results highlight the necessity for future multimodal health-preventive leadership interventions feature behavioural and organizational intervention modules specifically tailored to hospital professionals at different hierarchical and functional levels to foster the mental health of employees.
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- 2022
21. 'Student tutors go online' - Investigation of cognitive and social congruence in online student tutorials - a longitudinal study
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Teresa, Loda, Nils, Berner, Rebecca, Erschens, Christoph, Nikendei, Stephan, Zipfel, and Anne, Herrmann-Werner
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Cognition ,Students, Medical ,Teaching ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Curriculum ,Longitudinal Studies ,Pandemics ,Peer Group ,Education, Medical, Undergraduate - Abstract
The concept of peer-assisted learning (PAL) has been implemented at many medical faculties. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, parts of the medical education experience transitioned to digital formats. However, little is known about PAL and online student tutorials. PAL is effective due to cognitive and social congruence. This study aims to investigate these concepts in an online student tutorial on taking a patient's medical history. This longitudinal study took place in a preclinical communication course on how to take a patient's medical history. In an online student tutorial, the students learned how to take a patient's psychosocial medical history. Using standardised questionnaires, cognitive and social congruence were assessed. T-tests of independent samples were performed for data comparison. The participants included 128 second-year medical students and 5 student tutors. Cognitive congruence (M
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- 2022
22. Charakterisierung des kognitiven Profils der komplexen PTBS und Identifizierung von Protektiv- und Risikofaktoren
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David Kindermann, Christoph Nikendei, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Valentin Alexander Terhoeven, and Zoe Martin
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- 2022
23. Randomised controlled monocentric trial to compare the impact of using professional actors or peers for communication training in a competency-based inverted biochemistry classroom in preclinical medical education
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Achim Schneider, David Alexander Christian Messerer, Veronika Kühn, Astrid Horneffer, Till Johannes Bugaj, Christoph Nikendei, Michael Kühl, and Susanne Julia Kühl
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Canada ,Students, Medical ,Education, Medical ,Communication ,education ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,General Medicine ,Peer Group - Abstract
ObjectiveIn medical education, biochemistry topics are usually knowledge based, and students often are unaware of their clinical relevance. To improve students’ awareness of the relevance, we integrated communication skills training into biochemistry education. No studies before have examined the difference between peer and standardised patient (SP) role plays where students explain the biochemical background of a disease in patient-centred language. Therefore, we evaluated whether students’ self-perceived competency in Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists (CanMEDS) roles and their opinion of the quality of role play differ if the layperson is played by peers or SPs.MethodsWe randomly assigned medical students in a preclinical semester to one of the two groups. The groups used predefined scripts to role play a physician–parent consultation with either a peer (peer group) or an SP (SP group) in the parent role. Students then assessed the activity’s effects on their competency in CanMEDS roles and motivation and the relevance of the role play. To determine whether students achieved biochemistry learning goals, we evaluated results of a biochemistry exam.ResultsStudents’ self-perceived competency improved in both groups. The SP group rated their competency in the roles ‘Scholar’ and ‘Professional’ significantly higher than the peer group did. The peer group rated their competency in the role of ‘Medical Expert’ significantly higher if they played the role of the parent rather than physician or observer. The SP group agreed more that they were motivated by the role play and wanted to receive more role play-based teaching. The SP group perceived the role play as being realistic and rated the feedback discussion as more beneficial. The examination results were the same in both groups.ConclusionWe showed that role plays in a biochemistry seminar improve students’ self-perceived competency. The use of SPs has some advantages, such as being more realistic.
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- 2022
24. Konzeption des longitudinalen DYNAMIK-Curriculums
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T. Storck, Jobst-Hendrik Schultz, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Christoph Nikendei, Ulrike Dinger, J. Dück, Svenja Taubner, Inka Montan, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Henning Schauenburg
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Clinical Psychology ,Philosophy ,Humanities - Abstract
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Durch die Einführung des neuen „Psychotherapiestudiums“ zum Herbst 2020 und die Wünsche bisheriger Ausbildungsteilnehmer an psychotherapeutischen Ausbildungsinstituten ist die Notwendigkeit gegeben, erfahrungsbasierte und kompetenzorientierte Lehre in das zukünftige Studium und die nachfolgende Weiterbildung werdender Psychotherapeuten zu integrieren. Material und Methode Orientiert am Kern-Zyklus, einem bedeutenden Modell zur Curriculumsentwicklung, werden die Entwicklung, Konzeptionalisierung und Implementierung eines longitudinalen Curriculums zur Vermittlung psychodynamischer Interventionskompetenzen (DYNAMIK-Curriculum) in die derzeitige Ausbildung zum psychologischen Psychotherapeuten vorgestellt. Ergebnisse Es wurde ein longitudinales Curriculum mit 8 Modulen zur Vermittlung allgemeiner und spezifischer psychodynamischer Interventionskompetenzen mithilfe von Peer-Rollenspielen und standardisierten Patienten entwickelt. Dieses stellt seit Mitte 2019 einen integralen Bestandteil der Ausbildung zum tiefenpsychologisch fundierten Psychotherapeuten am Heidelberger Institut für Psychotherapie (HIP) dar. Schlussfolgerung Das DYNAMIK-Curriculum ist der erste wichtige Schritt in Richtung der longitudinalen erfahrungsorientieren, praxisnahen Kompetenzorientierung in der derzeitigen Ausbildung und dem zukünftigen Studium mit nachfolgender Weiterbildung von psychologischen Psychotherapeuten. Es resultiert die Notwendigkeit zur Wirksamkeitsüberprüfung solcher Curricula und zur praktischen Prüfung von Interventionskompetenzen.
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- 2021
25. Secondary traumatisation in psychosocial emergency care personnel—A longitudinal study accompanying German trainees
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Christoph Nikendei, Anja Greinacher, Jürgen Wiesbeck, Renate Kottke, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Alexander Nikendei, and Wolfgang Herzog
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Emergency Medical Services ,Longitudinal study ,Sociology and Political Science ,Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,German ,03 medical and health sciences ,First responder ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Competence (human resources) ,media_common ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Resilience, Psychological ,Moderation ,language.human_language ,Feeling ,Preparedness ,language ,Compassion Fatigue ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Psychosocial ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Psychosocial emergency care personnel form an important first responder subgroup, in which trained volunteers provide psychological first aid to accident and trauma survivors, their relatives, eye witnesses, bystanders and first responders themselves. This is the first longitudinal study to assess psychological burden due to secondary traumatisation and relevant resilience factors in psychosocial emergency care personnel. We asked 100 German psychosocial emergency care workers to assess their feeling of preparedness and resilience factors prior training. After training, when participants had worked emergency responses, we assessed secondary traumatisation. Overall, the level of secondary traumatisation was sub-clinical (M = 37.50, SD = 5.35) after training and reported resilience factor levels were high. Three regression analyses were conducted to examine the moderation effect of preparedness on specific expertise (R2 = 0.479, p
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- 2020
26. Klimawandel: Ursachen, Folgen, Lösungsansätze und Implikationen für das Gesundheitswesen
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Susanne J. Kühl, Till Johannes Bugaj, Michael Kühl, Christoph Nikendei, and Frederik Nikendei
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health Policy ,Political science ,medicine ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Education ,Public health care - Abstract
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Erderwarmung ist eine elementare Bedrohung fur die menschliche Zivilisation. Es sind dringende und umfassende Masnahmen notwendig, um die Ziele des Pariser Klimaabkommens zu erreichen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, eine strukturierte Ubersicht zur globalen Erwarmung und Querbezuge zum Gesundheitssystem zu schaffen. Methode In einem narrativen Review werden Ursachen, Konsequenzen und notwendige Masnahmen in Bezug auf die Erderwarmung und Implikationen fur das Gesundheitswesen skizziert. Ergebnisse und Diskussion Dem Ausstos von Treibhausgasen, der eng mit unseren Verhaltensweisen und unserem Wirtschaftsgefuge assoziiert ist, kommt eine zentrale Rolle fur die globale Erwarmung zu. Es kommt zu einer Haufung von Temperaturrekorden und Hitzewellen sowie Durren mit Ernteeinbusen, einem Meeresspiegelanstieg und nicht zuletzt zu Auswirkungen auf den menschlichen Korper und seine Psyche. Trotz dieser Gefahrdung besteht eine Diskrepanz zwischen Wissen und Handeln. Dringlich erforderlich sind Masnahmen auf politischer, innovativer, wirtschaftlicher und personlicher Ebene. Das Gesundheitswesen tragt als relevanter Treibhausgasemittent mit Verantwortung. Im Gesundheitswesen tatige Menschen werden einerseits durch die Behandlung vom Klimawandel betroffener Patienten mit dessen Auswirkungen konfrontiert, andererseits konnen sie als Vorbild in Erscheinung treten. Notwendige Lebens(stil)anderungen bergen neben einem bewussteren Umgang mit unseren Ressourcen auch die Chance einer neuen Form der gesellschaftlichen Solidaritat. Schlussfolgerung Institutionen und Mitarbeiter im Gesundheitswesen konnen als Emittenten, Behandler und Rollenvorbilder eine bedeutsame Funktion einnehmen, um der Erderwarmung zu begegnen.
- Published
- 2020
27. Feasibility, psychological outcomes and practical use of a stress-preventive leadership intervention in the workplace hospital: the results of a mixed-method phase-II study
- Author
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Felicitas, Stuber, Tanja, Seifried-Dübon, Elena, Tsarouha, Zahra, Rahmani Azad, Rebecca, Erschens, Ines, Armbruster, Susanne, Schnalzer, Nadine, Mulfinger, Andreas, Müller, Peter, Angerer, Madeleine, Helaß, Imad, Maatouk, Christoph, Nikendei, Sascha, Ruhle, Bernd, Puschner, Harald, Gündel, Monika A, Rieger, Stephan, Zipfel, and Florian, Junne
- Subjects
Leadership ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Feasibility Studies ,Humans ,Workplace ,Hospitals - Abstract
Hospitals are psychologically demanding workplaces with a need for context-specific stress-preventive leadership interventions. A stress-preventive interprofessional leadership intervention for middle management has been developed. This phase-II study investigates its feasibility and outcomes, including work-related stress, well-being and transformational leadership.This is a mixed-methods study with three measure points (T0: baseline, T1: after the last training session, T2: 3-month follow-up). Additionally, focus groups were conducted to assess participants' change in everyday work.A tertiary hospital in Germany.N=93 leaders of different professions.An interactive group setting intervention divided in five separate sessions ((1) self-care as a leader, (2) leadership attitudes and behaviour, (3) motives, needs and stressors of employees, (4) strengthen the resource 'team', (5) reflection and focus groups). The intervention was conducted between June 2018 and March 2020 in k=5 runs of the intervention.Feasibility and acceptance were measured with a self-developed intervention specific questionnaire. Psychological outcomes were assessed with the following scales: work-related strain with the Irritation Scale, well-being with the WHO-5 Well-being Index and transformational leadership with the Questionnaire of Integrative Leadership.After the intervention at T2, over 90% of participants reported that they would recommend the intervention to another coworker (92.1%, n=59) and all participants (n=64) were satisfied with the intervention and rated the intervention as practical relevant for their everyday work. Participants' self-rated cognitive irritation was reduced, whereas their well-being and transformational leadership behaviour were improved over time. Focus group discussions revealed that participants implemented intervention contents successfully in their everyday work.This intervention was feasible and showed first promising intraindividual changes in psychological outcomes. Participants confirmed its practical relevance. As a next step, the intervention will be evaluated as part of a multicentre-randomised controlled trial within the project SEEGEN (SEElische GEsundheit am Arbeitsplatz KrankeNhaus).
- Published
- 2022
28. Erratum: Psychische Belastung von Geflüchteten in vorläufigen Unterkünften des Rhein-Neckar-Kreises/Baden-Württemberg
- Author
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Irja Rzepka, Catharina Zehetmair, Ede Nagy, David Kindermann, Christoph Kölmel, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Applied Psychology - Published
- 2022
29. Pathophysiological aspects of complex PTSD - a neurobiological account in comparison to classic posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder
- Author
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Marion A. Stopyra, Joe J. Simon, Christiane Rheude, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
General Neuroscience - Abstract
Despite a great diagnostic overlap, complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) has been recognised by the ICD-11 as a new, discrete entity and recent empirical evidence points towards a distinction from simple posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The development and maintenance of these disorders is sustained by neurobiological alterations and studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may further contribute to a clear differentiation of CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. However, there are no existing fMRI studies directly comparing CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. In addition to a summarization of diagnostic differences and similarities, the current review aims to provide a qualitative comparison of neuroimaging findings on affective, attentional and memory processing in CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. Our narrative review alludes to an imbalance in limbic-frontal brain networks, which may be partially trans-diagnostically linked to the degree of trauma symptoms and their expression. Thus, CPTSD, PTSD and BPD may underlie a continuum where similar brain regions are involved but the direction of activation may constitute its distinct symptom expression. The neuronal alterations across these disorders may conceivably be better understood along a symptom-based continuum underlying CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. Further research is needed to amend for the heterogeneity in experimental paradigms and sample criteria.
- Published
- 2022
30. Requesting Examples in Psychodiagnostic Interviews
- Author
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Eva-Maria Graf, Thomas Spranz-Fogasy, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Co-construction ,Operationalization ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Vagueness ,Psychodynamics ,Psychic ,Presentation ,Perception ,Common knowledge ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common - Abstract
As part of a larger research project on understanding change in helping professions, this paper investigates into therapists’ requesting examples and their interactional and sequential contri-bution to clients’ change. Requesting examples by therapists in psychodiagnostic interviews explicitly or implicitly criticize the patient’s prior turn as insufficient, i.e. as unclear, vague, or as too general. Such a request opens a retro-sequence (Schegloff 2007) and in the following provides for a description that both helps clarify the semantic vagueness and evinces psychic or relational aspects of the topic at hand. While the patient’s insufficient presentation is initi-ated by a prior request of the therapist, the patient’s example presentation is regularly fol-lowed by the therapist’s summarizing comments or by further requests focusing on the pa-tient’s problem. Requesting examples thus are a particular case of requests that follow ‘ex-pandable responses’ as described by Muntigl & Zabala (2008); they follow the same sequential organization, yet, given that they make examples conditionally relevant, they are more specif-ic. With the help of this sequential organization both participants co-construct elements of common knowledge. Such an ‘interplay of understanding’ (Voutilainen & Peräkylä 2014) al-lows the therapist to pursue the overall aim of therapy, i.e. to increase the patients’ awareness of their distorted perceptions, and thus to pave the way for change. The data comprises of 16 videotaped first interviews following the manual of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Di-agnostics (OPD Task Force 2009). It was collected in cooperation with the Clinic for General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatic at the University Clinic of Heidelberg.
- Published
- 2020
31. Effect of Attachment Style on Selective Attention in Panic Disorder
- Author
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Henning Schauenburg, Cord Benecke, Ottilia Klipsch, Ulrike Dinger, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
050103 clinical psychology ,Psychotherapist ,Social Psychology ,Panic disorder ,05 social sciences ,medicine.disease ,050105 experimental psychology ,Clinical Psychology ,mental disorders ,Attachment theory ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Selective attention ,Psychology - Abstract
Introduction: Given the heterogeneity of results in the attentional bias to threatening information in patients with panic disorder, we investigated the attentional bias toward threat and the moderating effect of attachment styles in a female-only sample of panic patients and a nonclinical control group. Methods: Female panic patients (n = 47) were compared to a female control group (n = 47) using a modified Dot Probe Task with body-related and interpersonal threat as well as attachment positive words. Results: An attentional bias toward threat words was not replicated. Furthermore, there was no moderation effect on attentional bias by attachment styles. However, high attachment avoidance was associated with faster reaction times (RT) in attachment positive compared to attachment threat trials in both groups. In the patient group, attachment anxiety was associated with faster RT in panic threat trials compared to attachment positive trials. Anxiously attached controls reacted faster to attachment positive vs. attachment threat trials. Discussion: No attentional bias was found in the present study. However, the findings suggest that attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety differently influence attention responses to trials that include different emotional stimuli in clinical and nonclinical, female participants. Attachment insecurity may modify attention when processing trials including both, threat and positive stimuli.
- Published
- 2020
32. Persönlichkeitsstruktur und Bindungsstil als Prädiktoren für die erfolgreiche Aufnahme einer ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Behandlung
- Author
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Henning Schauenburg, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Christoph Nikendei, Christian Mölle, Wolfgang Herzog, Kai Fischer, Julia Huber, Ulrike Dinger, and Medzina Granov
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Referral ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050108 psychoanalysis ,Mental health ,Interpersonal relationship ,Quality of life ,Attachment theory ,Medicine ,Personality ,Outpatient clinic ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,media_common - Abstract
Level of personality functioning and attachment style as predictors of the successful referral to outpatient psychotherapyObjectives: Outpatient psychotherapy is a key element in the effective treatment of mental health problems. First results suggest that interpersonal problems lead to difficulties in receiving outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment. The relationship between these difficulties, attachment style, and the level of personality functioning is still unclear. Methods: We invited 1011 patients of a psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic university outpatient clinic to participate in the study. The clinical diagnoses according to ICD-10, as well as symptoms of depression (PHQ-D), and quality of life (SF-36) were recorded. Hypothesized predictors for the successful referral to outpatient therapy were patient age, availability of local outpatient treatment, number of ICD-10 diagnoses, the motivation for psychotherapy (FPTM), fear of stigmatization (Stig-9), level of personality functioning (OPD-SQ), and attachment style (ECR-RD). Results: We were able to catamnestically reassess n = 300 patients (67.3 % of patients initially referred to outpatient therapy). A smaller number of clinical diagnoses, greater availability of psychotherapeutic care and higher therapy motivation, as well as a lower level of personality functioning predicted the successful referral to outpatient psychotherapy, while the combination of impaired personality functioning and avoidant attachment style was a negative predictor. Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, patients with a lower level of personality functioning are more successful in receiving outpatient psychotherapy. However, patients with a combination of impaired personality functioning and a high degree of attachment avoidance run the risk of not asserting their need for treatment.
- Published
- 2020
33. Gruppentherapie zu Stabilisierung und Selbstregulation bei posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung (STABILI-T)
- Author
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Ulrike Dinger, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Anne Schöckel, Christoph Nikendei, Henning Schauenburg, and Lena Lambert
- Subjects
Gynecology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Clinical Psychology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050108 psychoanalysis ,business ,030227 psychiatry - Abstract
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Menschen mit der Diagnose einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) sind oftmals mit sehr langen Wartezeiten zwischen Diagnose und Beginn einer leitliniengerechten traumafokussierten Behandlung konfrontiert. Um dieser Versorgungslücke zu begegnen, wurde eine Gruppenbehandlung mit 9 Sitzungen konzipiert, die den Fokus auf Stabilisierung und Selbstregulation legt, um entweder eine Traumabearbeitung in einer nachfolgenden Einzeltherapie zu erleichtern oder aber für Menschen mit komplexer PTBS eine zusätzliche Hilfe bei der Behandlung entsprechender Symptome zu ermöglichen. Methodik In einer Machbarkeitsstudie mit 5 Patientinnen mit der Diagnose einer PTBS nach DSM-IV wurden die Stimmung vor und nach jeder Sitzung sowie allgemeine und traumaspezifische Symptome vor und nach der Behandlung erfasst. Nach Behandlungsende und in einer Zweimonatskatamnese wurden Daten zu Verlauf und Akzeptanz erhoben. Ergebnisse Die Stimmung der Patientinnen hob sich im Verlauf der jeweiligen Sitzungen. Ebenso nahmen die Häufigkeit des selbstberichteten Übens und Anwendens der Übungen zu. Die Methode wurde insgesamt als sehr positiv eingeschätzt. Deskriptiv nahmen die Fähigkeit zur Selbstberuhigung ebenso wie strukturelle Fähigkeiten der Persönlichkeitsfunktion zu sowie Traumasymptomatik, Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit und interpersonelle Probleme ab. Diskussion Die Daten geben erste Hinweise auf die Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz einer Gruppenintervention zu Stabilisierung und Selbstregulation bei Frauen mit Traumafolgestörungen. Die Gruppenintervention hat das Potenzial, in der ambulanten Versorgung die Wartezeit auf eine traumafokussierte Einzeltherapie sinnvoll zu nutzen.
- Published
- 2020
34. Alcohol Use, Binge Drinking, and Drunkenness Experience in Adolescence: Complex Associations with Family, Peers, Social Context, and Risk Perceptions
- Author
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Christoph Nikendei, Ede Nagy, and Dennis Grevenstein
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,030508 substance abuse ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Poison control ,Binge drinking ,Social Environment ,Suicide prevention ,Peer Group ,Occupational safety and health ,Binge Drinking ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Injury prevention ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Social environment ,Risk perception ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Adolescent Behavior ,Perception ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Alcoholic Intoxication ,Incremental validity ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background: A number of correlates to adolescent substance use have been shown, yet their unique predictive influence is unclear. We investigated the incremental validity of demographics, family ba...
- Published
- 2020
35. Influence of patient and therapist agreement and disagreement about their alliance on symptom severity over the course of treatment: A response surface analysis
- Author
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Simone Jennissen, Henning Schauenburg, Ulrike Dinger, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Social Psychology ,Treatment outcome ,PsycINFO ,Severity of Illness Index ,Young Adult ,Humans ,Psychology ,Longitudinal Studies ,Therapist attitudes ,Psychiatry ,Mental Disorders ,Significant difference ,Symptom severity ,Professional-Patient Relations ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Psychotherapy ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Distress ,Treatment Outcome ,Alliance ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Clinical psychology ,Symptom distress - Abstract
The alliance is dyadic in its nature with both the patient and the therapist contributing. Relatively little is known about the effects of congruence between patient and therapist perception of alliance on treatment outcome. The current study investigated how patient and therapist agreement and disagreement about the alliance predict symptom severity over the course of long-term psychotherapy. We investigated N = 361 patients nested within N = 102 therapists longitudinally every 5th session across long-term treatment. Multilevel polynomial regression with response surface analysis was used to predict symptom severity five sessions later from congruence of the alliance ratings. Throughout treatment, patient and therapist agreement about stronger alliances significantly predicted lower subsequent patient-reported symptom distress. Patient and therapist disagreement was a marginally significant predictor of subsequent symptom distress. There was no significant difference in the effects of alliance agreement and disagreement on symptoms across time in long-term treatment. Findings support the importance of alliance agreement and disagreement as predictors of subsequent patient symptom severity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2020
36. Evaluation des Einsatzes von DolmetscherInnen in der medizinischen und psychosozialen Versorgung Geflüchteter in einer Erstaufnahmeeinrichtung des Landes Baden-Württemberg
- Author
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Beate Ditzen, Catharina Zehetmair, Christoph Nikendei, Luisa Helmboldt, Clara Schließler, and Rupert Maria Kohl
- Subjects
Gynecology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health services ,0302 clinical medicine ,Political science ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Applied Psychology ,030227 psychiatry - Abstract
Zusammenfassung Zielsetzung In der medizinischen und psychosozialen Gesundheitsversorgung Geflüchteter ist der Einsatz von DolmetscherInnen von grundlegender Bedeutung. Durch Einbeziehung eines Dolmetschers verschiebt sich das dyadische Behandler-Patienten-System zu einer Kommunikation in der Triade, für die entsprechende Verhaltensrichtlinien erforderlich sind. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Einbeziehung von DolmetscherInnen in die Sprechstunde der medizinischen und psychosozialen Ambulanz einer Erstaufnahmeeinrichtung für Geflüchtete des Landes Baden-Württemberg zu evaluieren. Methode Es wurde eine systematische Erhebung mittels eines Beobachtungsbogens in N=75 Behandlungsfällen mit N=19 BehandlerInnen, N=27 DolmetscherInnen sowie N=75 PatientInnen vorgenommen. Erfasst wurden unter anderem die Sitzpositionen in der Triade, die Art der Verdolmetschung von DolmetscherInnen, die sprachliche Adressierung bzw. Blickrichtung von BehandlerInnen und PatientInnen während der Phasen der Sprachproduktion zueinander oder zu DolmetscherInnen, die Interaktion mit Angehörigen, sowie das Stattfinden von Vor- oder Nachbesprechungen. Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es sich bei den beschäftigten DolmetscherInnen fast ausschließlich um LaiendolmetscherInnen ohne Qualifikation für diesen Beruf handelt. DolmetscherInnen agierten vorwiegend sowohl nach dem Black-Box-Modell als auch eigeninitiiert als KotherapeutInnen, in der Regel jedoch nicht als AnsprechpartnerInnen für kulturelle Aspekte. Überdies konnte beobachtet werden, dass BehandlerInnen die Kommunikation – Blickkontakt und Ansprache – primär zu DolmetscherInnen und nicht zu PatientInnen ausrichteten. Zudem gab es in keiner der untersuchten Sprechstunden eine Vor- oder Nachbesprechung zwischen BehandlerInnen und DolmetscherInnen. Schlussfolgerung Die gelebte Praxis der Einbindung von DolmetscherInnen weicht z. T. erheblich von den Leitlinien gängiger Forschungsliteratur ab. Die vorliegende Studie legt diese Diskrepanzen offen und hat damit Implikationen für die Arbeit von BehandlerInnen und DolmetscherInnen in der Geflüchtetenarbeit.
- Published
- 2020
37. Klima, Psyche und Psychotherapie
- Author
-
Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
03 medical and health sciences ,Clinical Psychology ,0302 clinical medicine ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Philosophy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,01 natural sciences ,Humanities ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
ZusammenfassungHintergrundTrotz der erdrückenden Evidenz für den anthropogenen Klimawandel und die Gefährdung der menschlichen Zivilisation durch den kontinuierlich zunehmenden CO2-Ausstoß und der damit zusammenhängenden globalen Erwärmung existiert eine bedrohliche Kluft zwischen unserem Wissen und hieraus resultierendem Handeln.MethodeBasierend auf einer selektiven Literaturübersicht mit dem Fokus auf die Arbeiten von Clayton et al. (2015), Marshall (2015), Orange (2017), Hoggett (2019) sowie konflikt- und (gesellschafts‑)strukturelle Überlegungen in Anlehnung an die Operationalisierte Psychodynamische Diagnostik (OPD) wurden mehrere Säulen eines integrativ wirksam werdenden Modells zum „value-action gap“ – der Diskrepanz aus Wissen und Handeln – entwickelt.ErgebnisseIn einem narrativen Review werden Überlegungen aus kognitionspsychologischer, psychodynamischer und psychotraumatologischer Sicht zum Umgang mit der globalen Erwärmung vorgestellt. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Konzepte der „kognitiven Verzerrung“, der „Verleugnung“ und „Omnipotenz“, des individuellen und gesellschaftlichen „Strukturmangels“ sowie der „Traumatisierung von Opfern und Tätern“.ZusammenfassungKognitionspsychologische, psychodynamische und psychotraumatologische Konzepte können ein tiefgreifenderes Verständnis für unsere offensichtliche Handlungsunfähigkeit in Bezug auf die globale Erwärmung ermöglichen und im besten Fall helfen, diese zu überwinden. Potenzielle Implikationen für Psychotherapeuten und die Psychotherapie werden beleuchtet.
- Published
- 2020
38. Prädiktoren des Lernerfolges eines erfahrungsbasierten Trainingsseminars zu psychodynamischen Interventionen
- Author
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Jobst-Hendrik Schultz, Christoph Nikendei, Ulrike Dinger, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Julia Huber, and Johannes C. Ehrenthal
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Psychology - Abstract
Hintergrund: Psychodynamische Psychotherapien spielen eine wichtige Rolle im deutschen Gesundheitssystem. Der Nachweis ihrer Lehrbarkeit bekommt vor dem Hintergrund des neuen Psychotherapiestudiums eine neue Bedeutung. Dies bezieht sich insbesondere auf erfahrungsbasierte didaktische Modelle und auf das spezifische Üben von Interventionen. Hier ist bisher unklar, welche Aspekte kompetenzorientierter psychodynamischer Lehre mit dem subjektiven Lernerfolg zusammenhängen. Methode: In einer Stichprobe mit 47 Kandidatinnen und Kandidaten eines Ausbildungsinstitutes wurden psychodynamische Interventionen mit Videofeedback, Peer-Rollenspielen und Simulationspatientinnen und -patienten unterrichtet. Der subjektive Kompetenzgewinn von Prä zu Post wurde in Bezug auf die Interventionen Klarifizieren, Konfrontieren und Deuten mithilfe von t-Tests abgebildet. Zudem wurden in einer multiplen linearen Regression verschiedene Prädiktoren für den subjektiven Lernerfolg getestet. Ergebnisse: Die subjektive Kompetenz nahm für die Interventionen Klarifizieren und Konfrontieren mit großen Effekten, für Deuten mit einem kleinen bis mittleren Effekt zu. Der Lernerfolg war korreliert mit einem antizipierten Transfer in den therapeutischen Alltag, einem positiven Erleben der Arbeit mit den Simulationspatientinnen und -patienten sowie mit hilfreich erlebtem Feedback durch die Dozentinnen und Dozenten. Schlussfolgerungen: Psychodynamische Interventionen sind mit erfahrungsbasierten und kompetenzorientierten Unterrichtsformaten lehrbar. Dabei ist wichtig, dass praxisorientierte Formate eine Lernumgebung schaffen, in der die Arbeit mit Simulationspatientinnen und -patienten und das Feedback als konstruktiv und hilfreich erlebt werden. Zukünftige Untersuchungen sollten den Transfer in den Alltag sowie longitudinale Curricula in den Fokus nehmen.
- Published
- 2020
39. Eating disorders, body image and media exposure among adolescent girls in rural Burkina Faso
- Author
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Mamadou Bountogo, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Guy Harling, Christoph Nikendei, Valentin Terhoeven, Till Bärnighausen, Lucienne Ouermi, and Ali Sié
- Subjects
Male ,boulimie nerveuse ,Percentile ,anorexia nervosa ,Body Mass Index ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Binge-eating disorder ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,Child ,Bulimia nervosa ,Age Factors ,frénésie alimentaire ,Body Dysmorphic Disorders ,16. Peace & justice ,3. Good health ,Eating disorders ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Original Article ,body dissatisfaction ,Adolescent ,030231 tropical medicine ,Adolescent Health ,bulimia nervosa ,Violence ,Feeding and Eating Disorders ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Rating scale ,Burkina Faso ,West Africa ,Body Image ,binge eating disorder ,Humans ,Mass Media ,Disordered eating ,anorexie mentale ,business.industry ,Afrique de l'Ouest ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,Disorder predictors ,insatisfaction corporelle ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Harassment ,Parasitology ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Body dissatisfaction and eating disorders (ED) among young females may increase in limited-resource settings as exposure to media and higher-resource cultures increases. We examined ED prevalence and its predictors among adolescent girls in rural north-western Burkina Faso.Fieldworkers interviewed 696 female adolescents aged 12-20 years in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). ED were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), self-perceived appearance and body ideal were measured using Thompson and Gray's Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS) and eating disorder predictors by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). We assessed media exposure to magazines, radio, television, and the internet.16% of respondents had a BMI below WHO age-standardised 5th percentile, while 4% were above the 85th percentile; most respondents wanted to be larger. DSM-5 criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) were fulfilled by four of 696 respondents (0.6%), those for bulimia nervosa by none, and those for binge eating disorder by two (0.3%). In multivariable regression, more AN symptoms were associated with greater EDE-Q body dissatisfaction, desiring a thinner body and a history of sexual harassment or assault, but not with media exposure. A thinner desired body was associated with greater media exposure, higher BMI z-score and greater EDE-Q disordered eating.ED were very rare in rural Burkinabé female adolescents, but factors predictive of ED in higher-resource settings were also predictive of ED precursor symptoms here. Our findings suggest that increasing media exposure in resource-limited settings may lead to increased body dissatisfaction, and potentially to increased future ED prevalence.L'insatisfaction corporelle et les troubles de l'alimentation (TA) chez les jeunes femmes peuvent augmenter dans des régions à ressources limitées, à mesure qu'augmente l'exposition aux médias et aux cultures plus nanties. Nous avons examiné la prévalence des TA et leurs prédicteurs chez les adolescentes dans les zones rurales du nord-ouest du Burkina Faso. MÉTHODES: Les enquêteurs de terrain ont interrogé 696 adolescentes âgées de 12 à 20 ans dans le Système de Surveillance Démographique et de Santé (SSDS) de Nouna. Les TA ont été évalués à l’aide de l’Interview Clinique Structurée du DSM-5 (SCID-5), l’apparence perçue de soi et l’idéal corporel ont été mesurés à l’aide de l’échelle de Thompson et Gray Contour Drawing Rating (CDRS) et les prédicteurs des TA par le questionnaire d’Examen des Troubles de l’Alimentation (EDE-Q). Nous avons évalué l'exposition aux médias par les magazines, la radio, la télévision et Internet. RÉSULTATS: 16% des répondants avaient un IMC inférieur au 5Les TA étaient très rares chez les adolescentes burkinabé en zone rurale, mais les facteurs prédictifs des TA dans les pays à ressources élevées étaient également prédictifs dans cette région. Nos résultats suggèrent qu'une exposition accrue aux médias dans des régions à ressources limitées pourrait conduire à une insatisfaction corporelle accrue et potentiellement à une prévalence future accrue des TA.
- Published
- 2020
40. 1.3 Traumafolgestörungen und psychische Belastungen im Rahmen von Naturkatastrophen und Veränderung unseres Lebensraumes
- Author
-
Christoph Nikendei
- Published
- 2022
41. Medizinische Komplikationen bei Anorexia nervosa und Bulimia nervosa
- Author
-
Hans-Christoph Friederich, Valentin Terhoeven, and Christoph Nikendei
- Published
- 2022
42. Neue Lehrformen zur Förderung therapeutischer Kompetenzen
- Author
-
Christoph Nikendei, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Inka Montan, and Ulrike Dinger
- Subjects
030506 rehabilitation ,03 medical and health sciences ,05 social sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0305 other medical science ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Das gesprochene Wort ist in der Richtlinienpsychotherapie das zentrale Vehikel therapeutischen Handelns – ganz besonders in Situationen, in denen kein Standardschema das Vorgehen bestimmt, wenn es z. B. um Verstehen, Aushandeln, Mustererkennen oder das Bearbeiten von Brüchen der therapeutischen Arbeitsbeziehung geht. Am Beispiel psychodynamischer Interventionen soll gezeigt werden, wie praxisorientierte Kompetenzentwicklung mithilfe innovativer Lehr- und Lernformate erleichtert werden kann.
- Published
- 2019
43. Videogestützte Supervision in der psychotherapeutischen Ausbildung
- Author
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Henning Schauenburg, Julia Dück, Christoph Nikendei, and Ulrike Dinger
- Subjects
030506 rehabilitation ,03 medical and health sciences ,05 social sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0305 other medical science ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Die Nutzung von Videomaterial in der klinischen Supervision ist ein altes, aber immer noch wenig genutztes Konzept in der Ausbildung von PsychotherapeutInnen – häufig aufgrund anfänglicher Skepsis und diverser Befürchtungen. Welche Chancen und Grenzen diese Methode bereithält und wie Videomaterial die therapeutischen Kompetenzen eines angehenden Psychotherapeuten beeinflussen kann, wird in diesem Beitrag skizziert.
- Published
- 2019
44. Insight into conflictual relationship patterns: Development and validation of an observer rating scale
- Author
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Henning Schauenburg, Ulrike Dinger, Paul Crits-Christoph, Mary Beth Connolly Gibbons, Simone Jennissen, Christoph Nikendei, and Julia Huber
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Principal Component Analysis ,Psychotherapist ,Psychometrics ,Reproducibility of Results ,Observer rating ,Conflict, Psychological ,Clinical Psychology ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Scale (social sciences) ,Outpatients ,Humans ,Female ,Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop an observer-rated measure of Insight into Conflictual Relationship Patterns (ICR) applicable to audio- or videotapes of psychotherapy sessions and conduct a f...
- Published
- 2019
45. The interplay between agency and therapeutic bond in predicting symptom severity in long-term psychotherapy
- Author
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Simone Jennissen, Julia Huber, Christoph Nikendei, Henning Schauenburg, and Ulrike Dinger
- Subjects
Psychotherapy ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Social Psychology ,Emotions ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Professional-Patient Relations - Abstract
This study investigated the interplay between agency and therapeutic bond in predicting patient symptoms in outpatient psychotherapy. A total of
- Published
- 2021
46. Warum das OffenSICHTliche unSICHTbar bleibt. Ein Modell zur konflikt- und strukturdynamischen Betrachtung einer globalen Katastrophe
- Author
-
Christoph Nikendei
- Published
- 2021
47. Impact of and Coping with Post-Traumatic Symptoms of Refugees in Temporary Accommodations in Germany: A Qualitative Analysis
- Author
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Irja Rzepka, Catharina Zehetmair, Emma Roether, David Kindermann, Anna Cranz, Florian Junne, Hans-Christoph Friederich, and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Refugees ,Germany ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,Stress, Psychological ,refugees ,traumatization ,PTSD ,coping ,qualitative research - Abstract
Due to pre-, peri- and post-migratory stress factors, refugees often experience higher levels of psychological stress than the general population. Post-traumatic stress disorder, in particular, has an increased prevalence in the refugee population. However, living conditions in the early post-migratory phase are characterized by many challenges. In the present qualitative study, 14 refugees with symptoms of PTSD from temporary accommodations in Germany were interviewed in semi-structured interviews about their individual experiences of the impact of their trauma sequelae symptoms on their current living conditions and interactions. Participants reported dealing with post-traumatic symptoms primarily through distraction strategies, such as working or learning the language or social interaction. Many reported a sense of mistrust as a result of traumatic experiences. Current stress factors cited included uncertain asylum status, worry about family members and lack of ability to influence living situations. The interactions between the post-traumatic symptoms and the living conditions of the refugees were highlighted. The effects of the symptomatology of trauma sequelae and the framework conditions under which refugees live can lead to aggravated psychological distress. Therefore, special attention must be paid to refugee mental health care.
- Published
- 2022
48. Editorial
- Author
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Irmgard Pfaffinger and Christoph Nikendei
- Subjects
General Engineering - Published
- 2022
49. Neurophysiological correlates of disorder-related autobiographical memory in anorexia nervosa
- Author
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Kymberly D. Young, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Christoph Nikendei, Julia Huber, Martin Bendszus, Joe J. Simon, Valentin Terhoeven, Wolfgang Herzog, and Sandra Faschingbauer
- Subjects
Neural correlates of consciousness ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Autobiographical memory ,Precuneus ,Angular gyrus ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses) ,medicine ,General knowledge ,Disconnection ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
BackgroundAnorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by an overgeneralization of food/body-related autobiographical memories (AM). This is regarded as an emotion regulation strategy with adverse long-term effects implicated in disorder maintenance and treatment resistance. Therefore, we aimed to examine neural correlates of food/body-related AM-recall in AN.MethodsTwenty-nine female patients with AN and 30 medication-free age-sex-matched normal-weight healthy controls (HC) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while recalling AMs in response to food/body-related and neutral cue words. To control for general knowledge retrieval, participants engaged in a semantic generation and riser detection task.ResultsIn comparison to HC, patients with AN generated fewer and less specific AMs in response to food/body-related words, but not for neutral cue words. Group comparisons revealed reduced activation in regions associated with self-referential processing and memory retrieval (precuneus and angular gyrus) during the retrieval of specific food/body-related AM in patients with AN. Brain connectivity in regions associated with memory functioning and executive control was reduced in patients with AN during the retrieval of specific food/body-related AM. Finally, resting-state functional connectivity analysis revealed no differences between groups, arguing against a general underlying disconnection of brain networks implicated in memory and emotional processing in AN.ConclusionsThese results indicate impaired neural processing of food/body-related AM in AN, with a reduced involvement of regions involved in self-referential processing. Our findings are discussed as possible neuronal correlates of emotional avoidance in AN and provide new insights of AN-pathophysiology underscoring the importance of targeting dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies during treatment.
- Published
- 2021
50. Intraindividual dynamics between alliance and symptom severity in long-term psychotherapy: Why time matters
- Author
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Henning Schauenburg, Simone Jennissen, Christoph Nikendei, Ulrike Dinger, Matthias Volz, and Johannes C. Ehrenthal
- Subjects
Social Psychology ,Databases, Factual ,Symptom severity ,General Medicine ,PsycINFO ,Bivariate analysis ,Professional-Patient Relations ,Structural equation modeling ,Psychotherapy ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Alliance ,Panel analysis ,Treatment Outcome ,Latent Class Analysis ,Outpatient clinic ,Humans ,Psychology ,Association (psychology) ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Objective: The association between alliance and therapy outcome is one of the most investigated factors in psychotherapy research. However, even studies using advanced methods estimate effects over a specific time period (interval) between measurement occasions. Thus, it remains unknown how the magnitude and direction of effects depend on the considered time interval, resulting in limited comparability across studies. The current study examines the influence of time on the within-person relationship between alliance and symptom severity. Method: Alliance (WAI-SR) and symptom severity (SCL-K11) were assessed every fifth session in N = 650 patients receiving up to 100 weekly sessions (mode = 55; M = 41.03; SD = 27.23) of individual psychotherapy in a German outpatient clinic. Bivariate continuous-time (CT) structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to estimate within-person cross- and auto-effects. Results: Analysis revealed significant reciprocal within-person cross-effects with stronger relative effects of SCL-K11 on WAI-SR (a21) than vice versa (a12). CT analysis showed that both cross-lagged effects increased for longer time intervals with strongest effects for time intervals of about 40 sessions (a21 = -.47; a12 = -.19). Conclusions: Alliance and symptom severity showed a reciprocal relationship. Expanding current evidence, our analysis showed how the magnitude of these effects depends on the considered time interval. Applying CT-SEM on longitudinal data of the alliance outcome association complements current cross-lagged panel analysis and allows to compare results of studies which are based on different time intervals between measurement occasions. Methodological, theoretical, and clinical implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2021
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