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The red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi is a popular freshwater ornamental species traded worldwide for aquarium keeping. Its aquaculture generally relies on commercially available feeds. This study evaluated the effect of three commercial diets (A, B and C) on its female reproductive performance and offspring quality. Relative realized fecundity and egg size did not differ among treatments. However, egg carotenoid content was 40% and 52% lower in eggs from brooders fed B and C, respectively, than in those from brooders fed A, which had the highest carotenoid content. This suggests that dietary carotenoids directly affected egg carotenoid content. They also appeared to influence embryo survival, as relative actual fecundity was 59% and 47% lower for B and C compared to A, although this difference was not statistically significant. Although juvenile I weight was similar for all diets, the amount of lipid droplets in the perigastric organ region in juveniles I from brooders fed B, was about 20% lower than in the others. Offspring survival to the food restriction test was similar for all diets. However, the weight of 32‐day‐old juveniles was lower when brooders were fed C which had the lowest n‐3 PUFAs content, but the highest content of linoleic acid.

Studies on social control of functional sex in crustaceans are scarce and focused on hermaphroditic species. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine whether adult sex ratio affects juvenile sexual differentiation in a gonochoristic caridean shrimp, Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier 1904). We tested two alternative hypotheses: (1) that undifferentiated juveniles become males when reared in the presence of adult females and vice versa; and (2) that the presence of adult males affects juvenile sexual differentiation through androgenic gland secretions. Newly hatched juveniles were maintained with adult males or adult females during a 50-day period, after which they were sexed. In both treatments, juvenile sex ratios showed no deviations from the expected 1:1 relationship. This suggests that adult sex ratio is not a selective force determining juvenile phenotypic sex, even though mating opportunities may be null for juveniles differentiating into the sex of surrounding adults. The 1:1 sex ratio observed in broods reared with adult males and adult females also suggests that the potential chemical cues released by adults have neither masculinizing nor feminizing effects on undifferentiated juveniles. Present results reject our initial hypotheses and are consistent with a strong genetic basis of juvenile sexual differentiation in caridean shrimps. Les études sur le contrôle qu’exerce l’environnement social sur le sexe fonctionnel chez les crustacés sont rares et portent sur des espèces hermaphrodites. L’objectif de la présente étude consistait donc à déterminer si le rapport de masculinité des adultes a une incidence sur la différenciation sexuelle des juvéniles chez la crevette cerise (Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904)) (Decapoda, Caridea) gonochoriste. Nous avons testé les deux hypothèses suivantes : (1) les juvéniles non différenciés deviennent des mâles quand ils sont élevés en présence de femelles adultes et vice versa; (2) la présence de mâles adultes influence la différenciation sexuelle des juvéniles par l’entremise de sécrétions des glandes androgènes. Des juvéniles nouvellement éclos ont été maintenus en présence de mâles adultes ou de femelles adultes pendant 50 jours, après quoi leur sexe a été déterminé. Pour les deux traitements, les rapports de masculinité ne présentaient aucun écart par rapport à la relation de 1:1 attendue. Cela porte à croire que le rapport de masculinité des adultes n’est pas une force de sélection déterminante du sexe phénotypique des juvéniles, même si les occasions d’accouplement peuvent être inexistantes pour les juvéniles qui prennent le sexe des adultes qui les entourent. Le rapport de masculinité de 1:1 observé pour les pontes élevées en présence de mâles adultes ou de femelles adultes donne aussi à penser que d’éventuels signaux chimiques émis par les adultes n’ont pas d’effet masculinisant ni féminisant sur les juvéniles non différenciés. Les résultats de l’étude infirment nos hypothèses initiales et concordent avec l’interprétation d’une forte base génétique de la différenciation sexuelle des juvéniles chez les crevettes caridines. Fil: Tropea, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: López Greco, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina

Although behavioral studies of whole animals are usually undertaken on rats and mice, studies in crustaceans offer an alternative group that provides new evolutionary insights into the relationship between physiology and behavior. In the cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904), food-seeking movement increases in response to glutamate (MSG), decreases when exposed to dopamine, and increases when exposed to glucose. Activity of shrimp individuals was observed in 4l tanks over twenty minutes after individuals were exposed to treatments applied directly into the water. Glutamate-stimulated seeking behavior was statistically similar to seeking behavior after exposure to food pellet filtrate. Glucose also stimulated seeking behavior, but with a reduction over time, whereas MSG-stimulated seeking behavior increased over time. Insulin reduced activity but showed no effect when paired with glucose, whereas dopamine increased activity when paired with glucose. This was contrary to the reduced activity observed when dopamine was paired with MSG. The decrease in activity after exposure to dopamine also contrasts with vertebrate (rat) models where dopaminergic drugs such as caffeine and cocaine are stimulants. The stimulatory effect of dopamine paired with glucose was unexpected given its inhibitory effect on its own or when paired with MSG. This crustacean-based model aims to give new insights regarding the role of inhibitory and stimulatory neurotransmitters on the behavior of whole crustacean individuals. These mechanisms show different results than predicted by vertebrate models, implying either differences in underlying physiology, problems with the vertebrate models, or both.

Maternal colouration based on carotenoids has been proposed to negatively affect offspring quality in several taxa, since females might trade off their limited carotenoid resources between body colouration and eggs. This study investigated in the ornamental “red cherry” shrimp (Neocaridina davidi) the relationship between maternal colouration and female reproductive performance, as well as offspring quality. Females selected displayed a broad array of body colour, from less coloured to intensely red coloured and were paired with transparent males. The first two spawning events of each female were studied and compared. The number of newly hatched juveniles was associated to maternal weight, but not to maternal colouration. Offspring quality was measured in terms of survival at the end of the 90‐day growth period, weight and length increment for 0–30 days and 30–60 days periods, and protein, lipid and glycogen contents in 30‐day‐old offspring. Yet, neither of these variables was associated to maternal colouration. These results indicate that there is no trade‐off between maternal colouration and offspring quality in this species. Furthermore, no association was found between maternal and offspring colouration, evaluated at a similar age. However, body colouration in 180‐day old females was significantly higher than in 90‐day‐old females, indicating that female colouration is strongly influenced by age.

This study aims to analyze the functional anatomy of the male reproductive system in Neocaridina davidi, a very popular ornamental species of caridean shrimp. Mature males were cold-anaesthetized and their reproductive systems were dissected for histological and histochemical analysis, while the spermatozoa and spermatophore wall ultrastructure were analyzed under transmission electron microscopy. The male reproductive system consisted of two coiled testes, which were continuous with the vasa deferentia. Testes were positioned on the dorsal side of the cephalothorax above the hepatopancreas, and comprised seminiferous tubules where spermatogenesis occurred. Each vas deferens (VD) was a long tube dorsolaterally positioned with respect to the hepatopancreas, and increased in diameter at the distal end. Three regions could be recognized in the VD: proximal, middle, and distal. The proximal region had a cylindrical epithelium with secretory cells. The middle region (or typhlosole) had a dorsal fold (or typhlosole) with a thick columnar epithelium and high secretory activity. The spermatophore was a continuous cord with three acellular layers, which were mainly characterized by the presence of neutral glycoconjugates and proteins. The sperm morphology was distinct from the inverted cup-shaped spermatozoa observed in the majority of caridean shrimps. The spermatozoa in specimens of N. davidi were spherical in shape, with a cross-striated, single, short spike, and arranged in clusters of three or four sperm cells. The composition of the spermatophore, and the arrangement and form of the spermatozoa, seem to be unique in comparison to other species of Caridea. © 2019, The American Microscopical Society, Inc.

Neocaridina davidi is a species of freshwater ornamental shrimp that belongs to the Atyidae family. Neocaridina davidi originates from Taiwan, but their popularity in the aquarium trade has led to them being available in other countries. This shrimp has different common names based on its color. Wild type shrimp are generally transparent or brown in color, however, generations of selective breeding have produced a variety of colors and patterns. Also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/MISC/cherry_shrimp.html

Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 49, 1, 203-212

Background Decapods are an order of crustaceans which includes shrimps, crabs, lobsters and crayfish. They occur worldwide and are of great scientific interest as well as being of ecological and economic importance in fisheries and aquaculture. However, our knowledge of their biology mainly comes from the group which is most closely related to crustaceans – insects. Here we produce a de novo transcriptome database, crustacean annotated transcriptome (CAT) database, spanning multiple tissues and the life stages of seven crustaceans. Description A total of 71 transcriptome assemblies from six decapod species and a stomatopod species, including the coral shrimp Stenopus hispidus, the cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi, the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, the spiny lobster Panulirus ornatus, the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus, the coconut crab Birgus latro, and the zebra mantis shrimp Lysiosquillina maculata, were generated. Differential gene expression analyses within species were generated as a reference and included in a graphical user interface database at http://cat.sls.cuhk.edu.hk/. Users can carry out gene name searches and also access gene sequences based on a sequence query using the BLAST search function. Conclusions The data generated and deposited in this database offers a valuable resource for the further study of these crustaceans, as well as being of use in aquaculture development.

The relationship between parental mass and female reproductive output, as well as offspring quality, was studied in the red cherry shrimp (Neocaridina davidi (Bouvier, 1904)) under controlled laboratory conditions. Adult males and females of the same age were paired combining different shrimp masses. The number of hatched juveniles from large females was higher than that from small ones, but no influence of paternal mass was detected on this variable. Both the mass of newly hatched juveniles and their growth increment during a 60-day period were similar for all parental masses. Shrimps reached sexual maturity at the end of the growth period in all treatments, and their biochemical reserves (glycogen, lipid, and protein concentrations) were not associated with maternal and paternal masses. However, lipid concentration was higher in female offspring than in male offspring. The present results show that, unlike maternal mass, paternal mass had no effect on female reproductive output and offspring quality, suggesting that the contribution of males to offspring development was adequate regardless of male size.

The annual rate of ornamental aquatic crustacean importation is increasing globally. The continuous high demand for live ornamental aquatic crustaceans in many countries has also increased the frequency of imported exotic pathogens, which has caused many problems. In the present study, we examined the monthly distribution of viral and bacterial pathogen genes in ornamental aquatic crustaceans imported into South Korea during a 6-month period from February to July 2016. Among the bacterial pathogens identified, Vibrio alginolyticus was detected in cleaner shrimp in June, and Photobacterium damselae was detected in cleaner shrimp in July. Vibrio penaeicida was detected in peppermint shrimp, banded coral shrimp, hinge-beak shrimp, and orange swamp crayfish between February and June. Among the viral pathogens identified, spawner mortality virus was detected in cherry shrimp in May. Finally, hepatopancreatic parvovirus was detected in both cherry shrimp and orange swamp crayfish between February and March. Notably, the genes of two viral pathogens were also detected in cherry shrimp. Although the viruses were not isolated, they are very likely to have been introduced into South Korea and have an influence on Korean aquaculture. In South Korea, HPV is already prevalent and has been reported several times in aquaculture and in the wild; however, SMV infection has not been reported to date. These results demonstrate that many bacterial and viral pathogens are regularly introduced into South Korea via the ornamental aquatic-crustacean trade.

This study was conducted to evaluate dietary inclusion effects of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (SP) meal on the growth, survival, biochemical composition, and particularly reproductive performance during eight successive spawning events in the caridean red cherry shrimp, Neocaridina davidi, for 11 months. Juveniles were fed with six diets containing 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10% of SP levels. Most growth indicators in terms of final weight, specific growth rate, and average daily growth rate were significantly higher in the shrimp fed with SP10. The highest survival of females (75–81%) was recorded in shrimp fed SP8–10, being different from the other groups (25–73%). No changes were observed in lipid and moisture contents, and protein content showed an increasing trend with dietary Spirulina levels up to 10%. Absolute fecundity (eggs per female) was significantly affected in order of the highest to lowest viz. 45, 39, 30, 28, 27, and 24 with different incorporations. The relative fecundity (eggs per female’s body weight) of shrimp fed SP8–10 showed differences with the other groups. Except for the control, all Spirulina-fed females of SP1–5 showed hatching percentages of 78–84% compared with those of 91–94% for SP8–10. Relative fecundity in females fed SP8–10 showed differences from the fourth to the sixth spawning events compared with the other groups; this trend decreased non-significantly until the eighth spawning. The results obtained suggest that dietary inclusion of S. platensis meal at a level of 8–10% can improve the growth, survival and, in particular, reproductive performance of red cherry shrimp in commercial aquaria during maturity only up to the sixth spawning event.

Meiofauna serves as a link between microbial production and higher trophic levels, such as macroinvertebrates and juvenile fish. However, the role of meiofauna in the freshwater food web has not been accurately evaluated, and the influence of shrimp predation on freshwater meiofaunal assemblages is unknown. In this study, the predation effects of Neocaridina davidi, an ornamental freshwater shrimp native to inland water bodies in Asia, on meiofaunal density, biomass, structure, and secondary production were examined using model ecosystems (microcosms) that were sampled repeatedly over 42 days. Shrimp predation altered the structure of the meiofaunal community over the course of the experiment, in particular the density, biomass, and secondary production of nematodes, microcrustaceans, and oligochaetes. An analysis of the stomach contents of N. davidi indicated a high degree of omnivory and the frequent consumption of meiofaunal organisms. The results indicated that predation by the freshwater shrimp N. davidi depresses the overall abundance, biomass, and secondary production of meiofaunal assemblages. Moreover, they also provide insights into food-web ecology and the first evidence of freshwater shrimp predation on meiofaunal assemblages. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

The ‘Red Cherry shrimp’, Neocaridina davidi is a small freshwater caridean shrimp living, originally, in various kinds of inland water bodies around Asian countries. This shrimp has reached several countries for ornamental use; however, basic information on the biology of the species is still scarce in the literature. Its early post embryonic development morphology has not yet been described. This paper focused on the production and the development of early post-hatching stages of N. davidi, its male secondary sexual features, observation of the gonads and the presence of females with embryos. The larval development of N. davidi was almost suppressed as noted by the presence of relatively large-sized eggs, first stage hatching as a decapodid; and the tail fans were present only from the 2nd post-hatching stage. A biological important consequence of the presence of this Red Cherry shrimp species in the Neotropics is its potential release into nature, which could cause its rapid dispersion affecting populations of other indigenous caridean freshwater shrimps. Fil: Pantaleão, João A F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Gregati, Rafael A.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil. Universidade Estadual do Centro‐Oeste; Brasil Fil: da Costa, Rogério C.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Lopez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina Fil: Negreiros Fransozo, María Lucía. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil

The international pet trade has caused numerous introductions of non-native species globally. This is also true for freshwater decapod crustaceans including the red cherry shrimp. This tiny creature has been previously found in thermally polluted waters in Europe (Germany and Poland). Here, we present its first occurrence in Hungary and in the entire Carpathian Basin. The species was sampled once per month over 1 yr, from November 2017 to November 2018 in a natural thermal pond (spa) and also in an adjoining non-thermal brook in Miskolctapolca, Hungary. Shrimps were preyed upon by adult fishes in the locality but many individuals, including ovigerous females and juveniles, were recorded within the survey continuously. The density of shrimps was positively correlated with the water temperature, despite some individuals being found in the non-thermal stream and also in winter. We consider that the population of this species in Hungary is now well-established and self-sustaining.

Neocaridina denticulata sinensis (Kemp, 1918) or also known as red cherry shrimp (RCS) became popular in aquarium industry since its first introduction in 2003 until now. Little is known of this particular species since documented report is very scarce. Thus, this study was conducted to gather some information on its breeding behavior and life cycle until first maturity in laboratory condition. Fertilized eggs were found to be oval in shape with color varies from greenish to yellowish. The egg size was comparatively large, with an average diameter of 1.19 mm. Embryonic development of N. d. sinensis lasted for 15 days at 27°C. Newly hatched larvae look like a miniature version of the adult with an average total length of 2.3 mm. A female can produced about 21-51 larvae per hatching. Larger females produced more larvae. It takes 60 days for larvae to reach juvenile stage, where male and female were still undifferentiated. Juveniles become adults 15 days later. Females were obvious with the presence of orange colored ovary at the cephalothorax region. Within one to three days, these males and females are ready to spawn. During this study, N. d. sinensis cultured in freshwater were found to be susceptible to clitellate annelid (Holtodrilus sp.). Culture of this species in slightly saline condition between 5-10 ppt was an effective treatment for this annelid.

A decapod crustacean model is needed for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying physiological processes, such as reproduction, sex determination, molting and growth, immunity, regeneration, and response to stress. Criteria for selection are: life-history traits, adult size, availability and ease of culture, and genomics and genetic manipulation. Three freshwater species are considered: cherry shrimp, Neocaridina denticulata; red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii; and redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. All three are readily available, reproduce year round, and grow rapidly. The crayfish species require more space for culture than does N. denticulata. The transparent cuticle of cherry shrimp provides for direct assessment of reproductive status, stage of molt, and tissue-specific expression of reporter genes, and facilitates screening of mutations affecting phenotype. Moreover, a preliminary genome of N. denticulata is available and efforts toward complete genome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing have been initiated. Neocaridina denticulata possesses the best combination of traits that make it most suitable as a model for functional genomics. The next step is to obtain the complete genome sequence and to develop molecular technologies for the screening of mutants and for manipulating tissue-specific gene expression.