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ObjectiveAlbumin-corrected calcium is usually calculated to reflect the real serum calcium level of the whole body by physicians. However, studies on the association between albumin-corrected calcium and 30-day in-hospital mortality in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients are rare. The purpose of our study was to explore the association between baseline albumin-corrected calcium and 30-day in-hospital mortality in the American ICU population.MethodsA multicenter retrospective cohort study of 102,245 ICU patients in the eICU-CRD v2.0 from the USA during 2014–2015 was performed. The average age was 63.7 ± 16.9 years, of which 55,313 (53.7%) were men and 47,758 (46.3%) were women. The association between albumin-corrected calcium and 30-day in-hospital mortality was analyzed by Cox proportional-hazards regression, smooth curve fitting, piecewise linear regression, subgroup analyses, and a series of sensitivity analyses.ResultsWe found that among ICU patients with calcium abnormalities, more than 95% were mild hypocalcemia or mild hypercalcemia. The risk of 30-day in-hospital mortality will increase by 10% in the ≥7.5–< 8.5 mg/dl subgroup (OR=1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.3) or 20% in the ≥10.3–ConclusionIn a large nationally representative cohort of ICU patients, abnormalities in albumin-corrected calcium, particularly slight hypocalcemia or slight hypercalcemia, were associated with an increased 30-day in-hospital mortality risk, and yet the findings in this study need to be further confirmed by prospective studies.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the leading causes of death in men. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines may be an attractive means to achieve satisfactory results. Cancer immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment strategy. However, immunotherapy is not widely used in renal cell carcinoma, as only a few patients show a positive response. The present study aimed to identify potential antigens associated with renal cell carcinoma to develop an anti-renal cell carcinoma mRNA vaccine. Moreover, the immune subtypes of renal cell carcinoma cells were determined. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis revealed gene expression profiles and clinical information. Antigen-presenting cells infiltrated the immune system using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) tool (http://timer.cistrome.org/). GDSC (Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer) database were used to estimate drug sensitivity. The 13 immune-related genes discovery could be targets for immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma patients, as they were associated with a better prognosis and a higher level of antigen-presenting cells. These immune subtypes have significant relationships with immunological checkpoints, immunogenic cell death regulators, and RCC prognostic variables. Furthermore, DBH-AS1 was identified as a potential antigen for developing an mRNA vaccine. The CCK8 assay demonstrated that the proliferative capacity of 786-O and Caki-1 cells overexpressing DBH-AS1 was higher than in the control group. In addition, transwell assay revealed that 786-O and Caki-1 cells overexpressing DBH-AS1 showed higher invasion capacity compared with control. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of mRNA vaccines. Our findings suggest that DBH-AS1 could be potential antigens for developing RCC mRNA vaccines.

Changes in soil environmental factors and microbial communities of a precious tree species (Ormosia hosiei) plantation with different forest ages are still unclear. Obtaining this information can provide a theoretical basis for scientific forest management. Ormosia hosiei plantations of varying ages (7, 20, and 45 years old) were targeted in Zhejiang Province, China. We collected surface soil (0–20 cm) and analysed the diversity and structural characteristics of soil microbial communities by high-throughput sequencing. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and Spearman correlation analysis revealed soil environmental factors that cause differences in the microbial communities. The soil bacterial community diversity was not significantly affected by stand age, while the Chao and Ace indexes of the fungal community at 20 and 45 years were markedly higher than those at 7 years. The abundance of Proteobacteria in the 45 years was lower than those at 7 and 20 years, while the abundance of Actinobacteria at 7 years was lower than those at 20 and 45 years, and the abundance of Basidiomycota gradually increased with increasing stand age. The RDA and correlation analysis indicated that the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), bulk density (SBD), total porosity (STP), and total potassium (TK) were key factors that affected the bacterial communities and had a significant correlation with Actinobacteria. Soil temperature (T), available phosphorus (AP) and forest litter (FL) affected the fungal communities and had a significant correlation with Basidiomycota. In conclusion, forest age did not affect bacterial diversity, but the soil fungal community of the O. hosiei plantation in the middle-aged forest (20 years old) had the highest diversity; there were obvious differences in the composition and structure of soil microorganisms between different forest ages, which may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Basidiomycota), which may be caused by differences in T, SBD, STP, AP, TK, MBC, and FL.

Aluminum foil is commonly used as a cathode current collector within lithium ion battery. To reduce thickness of the foil, one kind of high strength Al-1.2Mn alloy has been developed. In its fabrication process, the recrystallization structure after intermediate annealing greatly affects the surface topography of foil. In this study, the relationship between recrystallization structure during intermediate annealing after rolling and homogenization treatment conditions of Al-1.2Mn alloys has been investigated. Homogenization was carried out with one step treatment or two steps treatment. It was found that one step homogenization treated cold-rolling sheets had higher recrystallization temperature and finer complete recrystallization grains compared to two steps homogenization treated cold-rolling sheets. This phenomenon can be explained by the relationship between Mn precipitation and recrystallization behavior during intermediate annealing.

This article investigates the decentralized coordinated control problem for formation flying spacecraft associated with coupled attitude and translational dynamics by probing into local information exchange among spacecraft. A six degree-of-freedom coupled model is established by employing the unified Euler–Lagrange formulations of attitude dynamics and translational dynamics. With the novel use of adaptive control, a six degree-of-freedom continuous robust coordinated controller is proposed in the presence of parametric uncertainty and time-varying disturbances with unknown bounds. Furthermore, it is extended to the case where both of switching topologies and non-constant communication delays exist. The six degree-of-freedom coordinated controller can guarantee formation spacecraft follow a time-varying reference trajectory while aligning their attitudes and keeping some special formation configuration. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

In the paper , H∞ Control for Fast Steering Mirror of precision tracking in space optical communication tracking and pointing system is studied. A H∞ performance design problem based on the Incremental PI is described. It is also suggested that the design for Fast Steering Mirror H∞ performance can be formulated as a H∞ control problem, a uncertainty β factor is described.The performance β factor to system bandwidth and disturbance attenuation are revised and optimized appropriately, the factor decides the system bandwidth.The H∞ Controllers f or Fast Steering Mirror based on Incremental PI are solved.The method of H∞ Controllers is simple, easy to adjust, small overshoot and enabling high probability and fast establishment of laser communication links in intersatellite laser communication.

This paper proposes an adaptive neural network backstepping tracking control method for the long-stroke reticle stage of lithography. The main feature of this method is that it can real-time online estimate the unknown model parameters of long-stroke reticle stage actuator under some nonlinear effects including load disturbance, force ripple and slot effect by radial basis function(RBF) neural network. First, in the study according to the actual system a nominal model of long-stroke reticle stage is established. Then, with this nominal model the derivation of the control method, the design of the adaptive law and the Lyapunov stability proof are made. From the results of the analysis above, it can be seen that this control method can sufficiently guarantee the convergence of the system's position and velocity errors. At last, this control method is verified by a simulation experiment. From the result of fifth-order S-curve tracking test, the tracking accuracy of the position and velocity can meet the design requirements well. Because it doesn't need to model the actual mechanical system and external uncertainties precisely, this method is very suitable for application in the field of ultra-precision manufacturing.

The reticle stage of lithography is a high precision servo motion platform, which requires using macro movement of linear motor and micro movement of voice coil motor to realize an nm-level positioning precision and tracking. In order to increase the control effect and response speed of macro movement motor of reticle stage of lithography, there we present a control strategy in combination with feed-forward thrust fluctuation compensation based on query table, the PID controller, and robust ILC controller. Firstly, the method separate the tracking error that is caused by the motor thrust fluctuation, then according to the speed build a query table to construct feedforward thrust fluctuation model, which is used for system thrust fluctuation compensation; the PID controller aim to improve the anti-interference ability of the system; through adding the attenuation factor, the robust ILC controller ensure the tracking error would be astringe to zero. The results showed that this method can well restrain the effects of thrust fluctuation from the motor, and the macro movement motor positioning quickly and accurately.

In this paper, the lack existing in Evaluation Indicator System (EIS) theory, which are related to China's current independent innovation, are analyzed. According to the basic function and design principles of EIS on enterprise's independent innovation capability, the impact factors related to independent innovation capability are analyzed, also including the analysis of importance and structure. Based on these analyses, the EIS of independent innovation of China's automotive enterprise are constructed with using the structure means of multi-layer objective evaluation system. The indicator weighting of all layers are determined through the usage of expert matrix scoring method. Meanwhile, the measurement method of independent innovation capability of automotive enterprise is proposed.

To overcome the difficulty that the asymptotical stability of spacecraft attitude tracking system, when “PD+” controller is employed, cannot be obtained by directly using common Lyapunov's theorems, several methods are introduced and summarized. Owing to the powerful features of Matrosov's theorem and Barbalat's lemma in the field of non-autonomous system stability analysis, they are respectively utilized to acquire the results of asymptotical stability of spacecraft attitude tracking system to which a common “PD+” controller is applied. Further more, to simplify the stability analysis, another special “PD+” controller is designed, by virtue of an auxiliary variable, and the corresponding stability analysis and comparisons with the preceding two methods are given as well.

With the spectral hole-burning effect resulting from coherent population oscillation in the homogeneously broadened material, the ultraslow light propagation phenomenon is used at room temperature in a fiber. One-dimensional wave equation for envelopes light propagation is derived. We present an electronic circuit which simulates wave propagation in dispersive media. Fiber optic gyroscope which improves structure using slow light technique was designed and its principles analyzed. In a new optic gyroscope that allows relative motion between fiber medium and source, detector, dispersive drag coefficient can influence the Sagnac fringe shift. Principle is analyzed of gyroscope based on special relativity and Doppler effect. The structure of fiber optic gyroscope could increase scale factor 107-8 times. The detection of travel-time difference between two counter-propagating light could obtain angular velocity.