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Additional file 1: Table S1. Types of infection of 33 CNSC patients. Table S2. Sites of infection of 33 CNSC patients. Table S3. Drug susceptibility test results of 27 strains of Candida albicans. Table S4. Antifungal drugs used in CNSC patients. Table S5. Other medical treatment regimens used in CNSC patients. Figure S1. Number of patients with CNSC and patients with different sites of infection from March 2010 to March 2019. Figure S2. The WES result of 1 CNSC patient indicated CARD9 compound heterozygous mutations.

Anammox has been widely used for the treatment of nitrogen wastewater. However, the problem of stable NO2− supplement becomes one of the limiting factors. It is an effective method to obtain NO2− by denitrifying the NO3−, including the by-product of Anammox. In this study, NO2− was reinforced by bio-electrochemical system (BES) through the reaction of partial denitrification in situ in an Anammox reactor. Our results showed that both NO3− and NO2− can be reduced on the cathode with different Coulombic efficiencies. The reduction of NO3− amount increased with an increase in Inf-NO3−, which was greater than that of NO2−. The conversion amount of NO3− was 2.50% ± 17.25% to the theoretical Eff-NO3−, and the maximum reduction amount was 23.24% with the highest Coulombic efficiency of 3.56%. High throughput results showed that denitrifying bacteria, such as Limnobacter, Thauera, Denitratisoma, Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira, were attached to the cathode surface and in Anammox granular sludge. This study showed that NO2− can be supplied by reducing the by-product NO3− with denitrification cathode at Anammox environment in-situ.

Alkaline water electrolysis using foam electrodes was performed under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. The motivation of doing this work is to combine magnetic field with foam electrode to see if it can get unexpected higher water electrolysis efficiency. The result shows that the energy consumption was reduced by about 3.4% and some unique gas producing properties of foam electrodes were exhibited under the parallel-to-electrode magnetic field. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection induced by the Lorentz force can accelerate the detachment of bubbles, which are capable to be generated both on the surface and in the interior of foam electrodes simultaneously. Due to the uneven distribution of Lorentz forces, a circulating flow was formed in the electrolyzer, which is special designed to make full use of the circulating flow. The flow scoured the inner space of the foam electrodes so that the void fraction was reduced and the reaction overpotential was decreased. It should be potential to significantly improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogen manufacturing via water electrolysis and provide new ideas for the engineering design of electrolyzer.

Purpose Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of microRNAs contributes to tumor development. However, the biological role of microRNA-4490 (miR-4490) in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be clarified. Methods To explore the function of miR-4490 in GC, we performed colony formation, EdU incorporation, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, in situ hybridization (ISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays. In addition, the growth, migration and invasion capacities of GC cells were evaluated. Results We found that miR-4490 was significantly downregulated in primary GC samples and in GC-derived cell lines compared with normal controls, and that this expression level was negatively correlated with GC malignancy. Exogenous miR-4490 expression not only reduced cell cycle progression and proliferation, but also significantly inhibited GC cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that miR-4490 directly targets USP22, which mediates inhibition of GC cell proliferation and EMT-induced metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found through luciferase and ChIP assays that transcription factor POU2F1 can directly bind to POU2F1 binding sites within the miR-4490 and USP22 promoters and, by doing so, modulate their transcription. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between USP22 and POU2F1 expression and negative correlations between miR-4490 and USP22 as well as miR-4490 and POU2F1 expression in primary GC tissues. Conclusion Based on our results we conclude that miR-4490 acts as a tumor suppressor, and that the POU2F1/miR-4490/USP22 axis plays an important role in the regulation of growth, invasion and EMT of GC cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13402-020-00553-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) bacteria (AnAOB) are beneficial for the treatment of NH4+-N and NO2−-N simultaneously in sewage waste. These bacteria form particles by secreting or capturing substances such as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which adsorb harmful ions with the help of charge adsorption and complexation to protect the growth of AnAOB. However, the substrate also has an electric charge, and the effect of EPS on the adsorption and mass transfer of NH4+-N and NO2−-N remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the adsorption effect of EPS from AnAOB on different substrates by using a mathematical model and determined the possible role of EPS in bacterial growth. EPS proteins, which were extracted using the ultrasound method and detected by proteomics, were consistent with the proteins involved in the anammox reaction in cells. The detection models to calculate the adsorption capacity were established in accordance with the dialysis principle. Both the Freundlich model and Langmuir model were used to explain the adsorption of NH4+-N and NO2−-N by EPS proteins. Compared with the adsorption of NH4+-N by EPS, that of NO2−-N by EPS was well-fitted in the Langmuir model, with relatively high maximum adsorption concentrations.