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Percutaneous coronary intervention using drug-eluting stents for coronary bifurcation lesions is associated with higher rates of in-stent restenosis, myocardial infarction, and revascularisation as compared with non-coronary bifurcation lesions. The increased percentage of suboptimal results after stenting bifurcation lesions is largely, if not always, due to the extreme complexity of the anatomy. Obviously, one weapon (stenting technique) does not suit all enemies (bifurcation lesions with different anatomies), and it underscores the importance of establishing a stratification system.

Supplemental Material for Pulmonary artery denervation improves hemodynamics and cardiac function in pulmonary hypertension secondary to heart failure by Hang Zhang, Wande Yu, Juan Zhang, Dujiang Xie, Yue Gu, Peng Ye and Shao-Liang Chen in Pulmonary Circulation

Despite great advances in lipid-lowering therapy, the gender-based disparities in lipid goal success among Chinese coronary heart disease (CHD) patients receiving lipid-lowering treatment remained uncharacterized. Furthermore, little is known about potential causes for this gender imbalance. This cross-sectional trial included 25 697 patients treated with lipid-lowering agents from 122 centres between April 2012 and October 2012; data for 9420 participants with CHD were analysed in the present study; all underwent clinical examination and had their latest fasting lipid profiles while on lipid-lowering therapy recorded. Logistic regression was used to explore possible factors associated with gender disparity in goal attainment rates, and to what extent each factor contributes. Of 9420 CHD patients (42.5% women) evaluated, women had a significantly lower overall low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) success rate than men (46.2 vs. 62.7%, P < 0.0001). Among CHD patients with diabetes, only 31.5% of women and 46.4% of men ( P < 0.0001) attained the optional LDL-C target of

Background The potential protective effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain to be defined. Methods and results A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled multicenter study was performed. Patients younger than 85years old, with a renal clearance of 30–60ml/min/1.73m 2 , who were candidates for PCI for all clinical indications except for primary PCI, were allocated 1:1 to RIPC or to standard therapy. The primary endpoint was incidence of CIN. The secondary endpoint was incidence of peri-procedural myocardial infarction (PMI). From February 2013 to April 2014, 3108 patients who were scheduled for coronary angiography were screened for the study. 442 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 223 received PCI. These patients were randomized to sham RIPC ( n =107) or treatment group ( n =116). The only pre-specified subgroup of diabetic patients included 85 (38%) cases. RIPC significantly reduced CIN incidence in the overall population (12.1% vs. 26.1%, p =0.01, with a NNT=9) and in non-diabetic patients (9.2% vs. 25.0%, p =0.02), but showed no benefit in diabetics (16.7% vs. 28.2%, p =0.21). A trend for lower PMI was seen in the intervention arm (creatine kinase - muscle brain >5 URL; 8.4% vs. 16.4%, p =0.07; troponin T >5 URL; 27% vs. 38%, p =0.21). Conclusions Remote ischemic preconditioning significantly reduces the incidence of acute kidney injury in non-diabetic patients undergoing PCI. Larger sample size is presumably needed to assess the effect of RIPC for patients with diabetes mellitus. Clinical Trial number: NCT02195726 https://www.clinicaltrial.gov/.

Neovascularization is correlative with many processes of diseases, especially for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. What is more, these tumor microvessels are totally different from normal vessels in morphology. Therefore, observation of the morphologic distribution of microvessels is one of the key points for many researchers in the field. Using diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI), we observed the mirocvessles with diameter of about 40 μm in mouse liver. Moreover, the refraction image obtained from DEI shows higher image contrast and exhibits potential use for medical applications.

The biological behavior of fullerene derivatives shows their considerable potential for medical applications. In order to provide a C-60 derivative for biodistriburtion studies, the Tc-99m-labeling of C-60(OH)(x) was optimized. Gamma counting and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were used to assess the biodistribution of the Tc-99m-labeled compound in mice and rabbits. Biodistribution studies in mice and imaging of rabbits indicated that Tc-99m-C-60(OH)(x) was widely distributed in all tissues. A significant percentage of total activity was retained for 48 h, particularly in the kidneys, bone, spleen, and liver. All tissues displayed a slow clearance over 48 h, except for bone, which showed slightly increasing localization within 24 h. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

ObjectivesThe present study established criteria to differentiate simple from complex bifurcation lesions and compared 1-year outcomes stratified by lesion complexity after provisional stenting (PS) and 2-stent techniques using drug-eluting stents.BackgroundCurrently, no criterion can distinguish between simple and complex coronary bifurcation lesions. Comparisons of PS and 2-stent strategies stratified by lesion complexity have also not been reported previously.MethodsCriteria of bifurcation complexity in 1,500 patients were externally tested in another 3,660 true bifurcation lesions after placement of drug-eluting stents. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) at 12 months. The secondary endpoint was the rate of stent thrombosis (ST).ResultsComplex (n = 1,108) bifurcation lesions were associated with a higher 1-year rate of MACE (16.8%) compared with simple (n = 2,552) bifurcation lesions (8.9%) (p < 0.001). The in-hospital ST and 1-year target lesion revascularization rates after 2-stent techniques in the simple group (1.0% and 5.6%, respectively) were significantly different from those after PS (0.2% [p = 0.007] and 3.2% [p = 0.009], respectively); however, 1-year MACE rates were not significantly different between the 2 groups. For complex bifurcation lesions, 2-stent techniques had lower rates of 1-year cardiac death (2.8%) and in-hospital MACE (5.0%) compared with PS (5.3%, p = 0.047; 8.4%, p = 0.031).ConclusionsComplex bifurcation lesions had higher rates of 1-year MACE and ST. The 2-stent and PS techniques were overall equivalent in 1-year MACE. However, 2-stent techniques for complex lesions elicited a lower rate of cardiac death and in-hospital MACE but higher rates of in-hospital ST and revascularization at 1 year for simple lesions.

Objective: Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl is a kind of traditional Chinese medicinal materials with high medicinal purposes value and wide application. It had important meanding to analyze its volatile oil consitituents on expanding its utilization and increasing the added value. Methods: The volatile compounds of scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl were isolated with steam distillation and identified by capillary GC/MS and the relative contents of the constitons were detemined by area normalization method. Results: 64 volatile components were identified and determined, accounting for 96.89% of the total area of the peaks. Conclusion: The main volatile compounds are: furfural, 5-methyl-2-furan carboxaldehyde, Z-5-methyl-6-heneicosen-ll-one, palmitic acid, furfuryl alcohol, acetylfuran, terpineol, m-Cresol, 2-Acetylpyrrole, o-Guaiacol, phenylethyl alcohol, (2Z)-2, 4-pentadien-1-ol, 3-ethyl, isovaleric acid, Spiro[2.4]heptan-4-one, phenylethyl alcohol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-Vinylguaiacol and sobutyric acid.