Search

In addition to being multi-sided, much work carried out by police ethnographers is also multi-temporal in nature, since relations that developed in the field often continue and change long after fieldwork. Such relations are increasingly complicated by the mediatization of police ethnography, which may leave both the ethnographer and field relations caught up in cross-publics and media conflict. In this chapter, I reflect on the 'public afterlife' of my own ethnographic work with the Dutch police. These reflections are based on three cases that will, first, help us understand how and why police leadership tried to 'quarantine' and localize the main problem that was addressed in the mediatized ethnography: ethnic profiling. Second, they allow for a sociolinguistic analysis of such 'scaling down' as a matter of words, not deeds, that is as representational work to improve police legitimacy and public acceptance. Third, they help us to think about public ethnographers as boundary figures who expose and broker (in this case militarized) police concepts, which gain new meanings in contexts beyond the world of policing.

Aims Primary care physicians lack access to an objective cardiac function test. This study for the first time describes a novel cardiac output response to stress (CORS) test developed to improve diagnosis and monitoring of heart failure in primary care and investigates its reproducibility. Methods and results Prospective observational study recruited 32 consecutive primary care patients (age, 63 ± 9 years; female, n = 18). Cardiac output was measured continuously using the bioreactance method in supine and standing positions and during two 3 min stages of a step‐exercise protocol (10 and 15 steps per minute) using a 15 cm height bench. The CORS test was performed on two occasions, i.e. Test 1 and Test 2. There was no significant difference between repeated measures of cardiac output and stroke volume at supine standing and Stage 1 and Stage 2 step exercises (all P > 0.3). There was a significant positive relationship between Test 1 and Test 2 cardiac outputs (r = 0.92, P = 0.01 with coefficient of variation of 7.1%). The mean difference in cardiac output (with upper and lower limits of agreement) between Test 1 and Test 2 was 0.1 (−1.9 to 2.1) L/min, combining supine, standing, and step‐exercise data. Conclusions The CORS, as a novel test for objective evaluation of cardiac function, demonstrates acceptable reproducibility and can potentially be implemented in primary care.

Secondary exposure of predators to anticoagulant rodenticides, and in particular second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs), is a global phenomenon. The widespread and large-scale nature of this exposure has attracted considerable concern, although the consequences in terms of likelihood of poisoning of individuals and resultant impacts on populations are not well characterised. Secondary exposure of predators may as rise from once or more of: (i) eating contaminated commensal rodents subject to control (target species are typically rats and house mice); (ii) consumption of contaminated non-target small mammals (such as Peromyscus, Microtus, and Apodemus species) that encounter and feed on what are rodent-attractive baits; (iii) consumption of non-rodent vertebrate and invertebrate prey that may also incidentally encounter and eat baits. We hypothesised that predators feeding primarily on target species may be most at risk of exposure to SGARs while those predominantly taking non-mammalian prey may be at least risk. We tested this hypothesis by comparing exposure, determined from the presence and magnitude of SGAR liver residues, in red kites (Milvus milvus), which feeds extensively on rats, in barn owls (Tyto alba), kestrels (Falco tinnunculus), and tawny owls (Strix aluco) that feed widely on non-target small mammals, and in sparrowhawks (Accipiter nisus) that feed predominantly on small birds. We found that the scale and magnitude of exposure was broadly consistent with our hypothesis, and that controlling for age in the analysis could be important as older birds can accumulate residues with age. However, exposure in kestrels was typically greater than that in barn owls and tawny owls, despite what is thought to be a general similarity among the species in their diets. We discuss the relative importance of trophic pathways relative to other factors that may drive secondary exposure in predators, and confirm that species that feed on rats or other target species may be at most risk of exposure and poisoning.

Item does not contain fulltext In addition to being multi-sided, much work carried out by police ethnographers is also multi-temporal in nature, since relations that developed in the field often continue and change long after fieldwork. Such relations are increasingly complicated by the mediatization of police ethnography, which may leave both the ethnographer and field relations caught up in cross-publics and media conflict. In this chapter, I reflect on the 'public afterlife' of my own ethnographic work with the Dutch police. These reflections are based on three cases that will, first, help us understand how and why police leadership tried to 'quarantine' and localize the main problem that was addressed in the mediatized ethnography: ethnic profiling. Second, they allow for a sociolinguistic analysis of such 'scaling down' as a matter of words, not deeds, that is as representational work to improve police legitimacy and public acceptance. Third, they help us to think about public ethnographers as boundary figures who expose and broker (in this case militarized) police concepts, which gain new meanings in contexts beyond the world of policing.