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Mutations in ANXA11 cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and have recently been identified as a cause of multisystem proteinopathy and adult-onset muscular dystrophy. These conditions are adult-onset diseases and result from the substitution of Aspartate 40 (Asp40) for an apolar residue in the intrinsically disordered domain (IDD) of ANXA11. Some ALS-related variants are known to affect ANXA11 IDD; however, the mechanism by which the myopathy occurs is unknown.Genetic analysis was performed using WES-trio. For the study of variant pathogenicity, we used recombinant proteins, muscle biopsy, and fibroblasts.Here we describe an individual with severe and rapidly progressive childhood-onset oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy who carries a new ANXA11 variant at position Asp40 (p.Asp40Ile; c.118_119delGAinsAT). p.Asp40Ile is predicted to enhance the aggregation propensity of ANXA11 to a greater extent than other changes affecting this residue. In vitro studies using recombinant ANXA11p.Asp40Ile showed abnormal phase separation and confirmed this variant is more aggregation-prone than the ALS-associated variant ANXA11p.Asp40Gly . The study of the patient's fibroblasts revealed defects in stress granules dynamics and clearance, and muscle histopathology showed a myopathic pattern with ANXA11 protein aggregates. Super-resolution imaging showed aggregates expressed as pearl strips or large complex structures in the sarcoplasm, and as layered subsarcolemmal chains probably reflecting ANXA11 multifunctionality.We demonstrate common pathophysiology for disorders associated with ANXA11 Asp40 allelic variants. Clinical phenotypes may result from different deleterious impacts of variants upon ANXA11 stability against aggregation, and differential muscle or motor neuron dysfunction expressed as a temporal and tissue-specific continuum.© 2023 The Authors. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Neurological Association.

Fitopatógenos interferem de forma negativa na produção e na qualidade final dos produtos agrícolas comercializados. O trabalho tem como objetivo verificar o controle alternativo dos fungos Cercospora beticola sacc, Phytophthora infestans e Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, utilizando as doses 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 µL mL-1 do óleo essencial de guaçatonga, em comparação a testemunha com somente água. Avaliou- se in vitro o potencial do óleo essencial de guaçatonga OEG (Casearia sylvestris) em comparação ao índice do crescimento micelial (IVCM), e in vivo a severidade da cercospora em plantas de beterraba, também se determinou o potencial do OEG em induzir mecanismo de resistência. Examinou-se a atividade da enzima peroxidase. Dessa forma, adicionou-se o óleo em placas de Petri para experimento in vitro e para in vivo pulverizou-se semanalmente o óleo sobre as plantas acondicionadas em casa de vegetação. Determinou-se o efeito direto do óleo sobre os fungos e o controle de cercospora nas folhas de beterraba, e a atividade da enzima peroxidase. Verificou-se que o óleo não apresentou efeito direto sobre a C. beticola in vitro, mas sim sobre os outros dois fungos obteve redução sobre o IVCM, e ativou simultaneamente mecanismos de defesa sobre as plantas de beterraba. Assim, pode se dizer que o, OEG apresenta a capacidade de agir diretamente sobre os patógenos Phytophthora infestans, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum e induzir a resistência de plantas beterraba contra Cercospora beticola.

In order to restore, maintain and protect the beach-dune systems of the Balearic Islands different management techniques have been applied. They have been based on the artificial emulation of natural processes to favour the recovery of the system, on the installation of elements that prevent the frequenting and on trampling of the dune systems. Some techniques are positive while others have aggravated erosive processes due to a lack of geomorphological criteria. This work analyses good and bad practices on beach-dune systems of the Balearic Islands between 2000-2021.

Broiler housing is a significant source of airborne pollutants from animal production, which lead to degradation of indoor air quality and outdoor emissions, particularly ammonia, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulphide, odours and particulate matter. In this chapter, we first analyse the current state of the art on the consequences of these pollutants on broiler farming, farm workers, and the environment. This includes the factors affecting pollutants generation, quantification, and mitigation measures suppressing airborne pollutants. Next, we describe different best available techniques for environmental protection and sustainability of broiler production, namely feeds and feeding management, feed supplements, bedding management and treatment of exhaust air. Thus, broiler farms should select mitigation strategies based on several considerations, such as location, climate conditions, environmental policies and financial resources.

The inclusion of microexons by alternative splicing is frequent in neuronal proteins. The roles of these sequences are in most cases unknown, but changes in their degree of inclusion are associated with neurodevelopmental diseases. We recently found that the decreased inclusion of a 24-nucleotide neuron-specific microexon in CPEB4, an RNA-binding protein that regulates translation through cytoplasmic changes in poly(A) tail length, is linked to idiopathic autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Why this microexon is required and how small changes in its degree of inclusion generate a dominant-negative effect on the expression of ASD-linked genes is not clear. Here we show that neuronal CPEB4 forms condensates that dissolve upon depolarization, a phase transition associated with a switch from translational repression to activation. Heterotypic intermolecular interactions between the microexon and a cluster of histidine residues kinetically stabilize the condensates by competing with homotypic interactions between clusters, that otherwise lead to the irreversible aggregation of CPEB4. We conclude that microexon 4 in neuronal CPEB4 is required to preserve the reversible regulation of CPEB4-mediated gene expression in response to neuronal stimulation.

The conjugation of Au complexes with proteins and enzymes, generating new types of artificial metalloenzymes, has proven to be interesting and effective to obtain materials with improved properties such as higher stability, catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a novel method has been developed for the synthesis and design of artificial gold metalloenzymes at 50ºC in aqueous media, using two genetically modified variants of the alkalophilic lipase Geobacillus thermocatenulatus (GTL). The only difference between these two enzymatic variants is the possible coordination of the Au via active site (GTL-114) or Lid site (GTL-193). TEM analysis of the metalloenzymes revealed the formation of Au (0) nanoparticles with different structures (nanowires, nanorods, nanoshells, nanoclusters) and sizes depending on the mutant and the pH used during the synthesis. Characterisation by fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that conjugation of the enzyme to Au altered the tertiary structure of the protein. On the other hand, all metalloenzymes showed excellent reductase like activity. Finally, the selectivity of the enzyme-Au bioconjugates was tested in the asymmetric reduction of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol in aqueous medium at room temperature. The protein environment played a key role in the reactivity and selectivity of the metalloenzymes, obtaining chiral nanoparticles with an enantiomeric excess of up to 39% towards (R)-1-phenylethanol after two hours of reaction using GTL-114 pH 10 as catalyst.

There is evidence Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is associated with increased risk of dementia (D). We compared VA and non-VA facility costs associated with TBI+D and each diagnosis alone, relative to neither diagnosis, annually and over time, 2000-2020.We estimated adjusted panel models of annual VHA costs in VA and non-VA facilities, stratified by age, and by TBI-dementia status. We also estimated cost for the TBI+D cohort by time since TBI and dementia diagnoses. All costs were 2021 inflation adjusted.Veterans65 ($30,736) and ≥65 ($15,650) with TBI+D, while veterans65 ($3,379) and ≥65 ($4,252) with TBI-only had higher annual total VHA costs, relative to neither diagnosis. Veterans with TBI+D 65 ($42,864) and ≥65 ($72,424) had higher costs in years≥15 after TBI diagnosis, while65 ($36,431) and ≥65 ($37,589) had higher costs in years ≥10 after dementia diagnosis.The main cost driver was inpatient non-VA facility costs. Veterans had continuously increasing inpatient care costs in non-VA facilities over time since their TBI and dementia diagnoses. Given budget constraints on the VA system, quality of care in non-VA facilities warrants comparison with VA facilities to make informed decisions regarding referrals to non-VA facilities.

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o absenteísmo-doença entre professores da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre (RME/POA) na série temporal de 2014-2019. Para tanto, foram investigados os afastamentos por problemas de saúde entre docentes, na busca de alterações dos indicadores analisados, desde a implantação de uma nova rotina escolar no ano de 2017. Por meio da Estatística Descritiva, fez-se uma análise quantitativa de indicadores a respeito das Licenças Tratamento de Saúde (LTS), constatando-se um significativo aumento no número delas e de docentes em LTS, bem como a redução do número de dias por licença e de dias de licença por servidor. Esses resultados nos permitem sugerir que as mudanças efetuadas na rotina escolar contribuíram para a elevação do número de afastamentos para tratamento de problemas de saúde e que os gestores necessitam promover mudanças na organização de trabalho visando à promoção de saúde dos professores.

Future dynamics of biological invasions are highly uncertain because they depend on multiple environmental, societal and socio-economic drivers. We adopted a qualitative scenario approach to explore the future of invasive alien species (IAS) in Europe and created an overall strategy for their management that considers different plausible future developments. The scenarios and strategy were developed during two online workshops with a multidisciplinary team of experts. First, we downscaled four global scenarios of biological invasions to the European level. Second, we developed a management strategy structured into 19 goals that cover a broad array of IAS-related topics (i.e. policy, research, public awareness and biosecurity), and provided solutions for achieving these goals considering the European scenarios. Third, we identified four interrelated recommendations around which any long-term strategy for managing IAS in Europe can be structured: (i) a European biosecurity regime, (ii) a dedicated communication strategy, (iii) data standardization and management tools, and (iv) a monitoring and assessment system. Finally, we identified the feasibility of the IAS management strategy, finding strong differences among the four scenarios. High levels of technological development, public environmental awareness, and effectiveness of IAS policies facilitated the implementation of the overall management strategy. Together, our results indicate that it is time for a new management of biological invasions in Europe based on a more integrative perspective across sectors and countries to be better prepared for future challenges.

SummaryTranscription factors are among the most attractive therapeutic targets but are considered largely undruggable due to the intrinsically disordered nature of their activation domains. Here we show that the aromatic character of the activation domain of the androgen receptor, a therapeutic target for castration resistant prostate cancer, is key for its activity as a transcription factor by allowing it to partition into transcriptional condensates. Based on this knowledge we optimized the structure of a small molecule inhibitor, previously identified by phenotypic screening, that targets a specific transactivation unit within the domain that is partially folded and rich in aromatic residues. The optimized compounds had more affinity for their target, inhibited androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional programs, and had antitumorigenic effect in models of castration-resistant prostate cancer in cells andin vivo. These results establish a generalizable framework to target small molecules to the activation domains of oncogenic transcription factors and other disease-associated proteins with therapeutic intent.

The positive effect of urban greenery on the city’s microclimate is well known, as is its ability to reduce the ambient temperature in urban areas. Our results show how the areas with the lowest surface temperature clearly coincide with the vegetated areas in the city of Barcelona. This phenomenon demonstrates the importance of increasing the urban greenery in large compact cities, such as the city of Barcelona, in order to regulate the local temperature and mitigate the effects of global warming on a large scale. The web map presented here can be used as a tool for decision makers to identify the warmest areas in the city of Barcelona and to increase greenery in an efficient manner.

The intensification in recent decades of scientific evidence on climate change and on the degradation of natural systems has led to increasing public awareness about the environment. In recent times, this commitment to respecting the natural environment has emerged strongly among young people. Through various platforms, entities, and slogans, students from all over the world, and belonging to different disciplines, are coming together to defend their right to have a planet that enjoys good environmental health.The platform Edusat presented in this article aims to provide young people with empirical and quantitative learning tools to strengthen their ecology message. By means of remote sensing and through the data generated by the Copernicus program, an educational resource that analyzes the consequences of global environmental change is presented. In this context, remote sensing is a technological and transdisciplinary resource that provides young people with scientific arguments to censure the current relationship between human societies and nature.

A large body of work suggests that biomolecular condensates ensuing from liquid-liquid phase separation mature into various material states. How this aging process is controlled and if the naive and mature phases can have differential functions is currently unknown. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we show that MEC-2 Stomatin undergoes a rigidity phase transition during maturation from fluid to viscoelastic, glass-like condensates that facilitate either transport or mechanotransduction. This switch is promoted by the SH3 domain of UNC-89/Titin/Obscurin through a direct interaction with MEC-2 and suggests a physiological role for a percolation transition in force transmission during body wall touch. Together, our data demonstrate a novel function for rigidity maturation during mechanotransduction and a previously unidentified role for Titin homologs in neurons.

Objetivo: descrever o processo de análise de necessidades, execução e avaliação de um programa educativo na Atenção Primária à Saúde, na lógica da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS). Método: pesquisa-ação com abordagem mista, desenvolvida entre 2014 e 2016, com trabalhadores da saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos encontros de grupo focal, oficinas do programa educativo e aplicação de questionários. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à análise de discurso do sujeito coletivo, e os dados quantitativos, à análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: a necessidade priorizada foi a comunicação prejudicada no ambiente de trabalho; e, durante a execução do programa educativo, os participantes pactuaram acordos para superação dos problemas identificados, a exemplo da criação de espaços de diálogo e fluxos definidos de comunicação. Sentiram-se satisfeitos em participar, e percebeu-se que o programa educativo causou impacto positivo no trabalho. Considerações finais: o objetivo de descrever todo processo da EPS foi alcançado. Houve maior estímulo para um movimento de transformação no processo de trabalho, em referência ao aprimoramento da comunicação na dimensão profissional da gestão do cuidado, a partir de um paradigma dialógico e crítico, capaz de ressignificar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no trabalho. Como produto, tem-se um modo mais efetivo de operar a EPS.

As mulheres geralmente são mais afetadas em momentos de epidemias e pandemias, inclusive no meio acadêmico, como este que estamos vivenciando com a COVID 19. A metodologia desse artigo está baseada na autoetnografia das autoras, todas ligadas à academia por serem professoras, pesquisadoras e estão estudando. As questões orientadoras foram as mobilizações iniciais diante da pandemia e as estratégias utilizadas para a continuidade ou não de uma rotina, especialmente da conciliação do trabalho em home office, vida doméstica e pessoal em tempos de cuidados para a proteção da vida. Destaca-se a condição de privilégios que possibilita interseccionar o trabalho feminino, com a branquitude e o ofício docente. As narrativas mostraram, principalmente, a sobrecarga da mulher na sobreposição do trabalho doméstico e profissional, bem como a fragilização dos limites entre os espaços públicos e privado trazidas pelo trabalho via tecnologias digitais.Palavras-chave:Pandemia; Trabalho feminino; Saúde Mental; Narrativa; Home office

Secretory proteins are sorted at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) for export into specific transport carriers. However, the molecular players involved in this fundamental process remain largely elusive. Here, we identified the transmembrane protein TGN46 as a cargo receptor for the export of secretory proteins in CARTS – a class of protein kinase D-dependent TGN-to-plasma membrane carriers. We show that TGN46 is necessary for cargo sorting and loading into nascent carriers at the TGN. By combining quantitative fluorescence microscopy and mutagenesis approaches, we further discovered that the TGN46 lumenal domain encodes for its cargo sorting function. Interestingly, this domain forms liquid droplets in vitro by means of liquid-liquid phase separation, a physical mechanism that may assist in TGN46-mediated cargo sorting. In summary, our results define a cellular function of TGN46 in sorting secretory proteins for export from the TGN. These findings could open new therapeutic avenues for diseases that parallel secretory malfunction.

Background Acute flaccid myelitis is characterized by acute-onset flaccid limb weakness with predominantly gray matter lesions in the spinal cord spanning one or more segments. Rates of full recovery are poor, and there is no standard treatment or definitive cause. Methods This is a retrospective review of children diagnosed with acute flaccid myelitis in Texas during 2016. Patients were identified through a Texas collaborative of six hospitals in four major metropolitan areas. Data abstraction included health history, illness presentation, medical treatments, laboratory studies, imaging data, recovery, and ability to perform activities of daily living up to approximately two years from illness onset. Results Among all sites, 21 patients met inclusion criteria. Treatments varied with the most common being intravenous immunoglobulin, high-dose methylprednisolone, and plasmapheresis. No differences were seen in response to medical treatments. A potential etiology was found in 12 (57%) cases, including four with enterovirus D68. Five cases recovered fully. Of the 16 patients without full recovery, abilities ranged from (1) able to perform all activities of daily living for age independently (n = 5), (2) mild deficits (n = 5), and (3) substantial reliance on caregivers for activities of daily living (n = 6). Conclusion Many reports describe symptoms and outcomes of acute flaccid myelitis, but limited data are available on long-term functional outcomes. We were unable to make a strong case for any single cause or treatment modality. Fortunately, the majority of patients (15, 71%) were able to perform activities of daily living with complete independence or only mild deficits.

Nosso objetivo é apresentar um ensaio sobre a experiência de construção, realização e participação no Grupo Aberto de Orientação (GAO), criado em 2013 e que se configura como um dispositivo de criação, em encontros e atividades de leitura e escrita coletivas e solidárias. Composto por docentes e discentes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e de outras instituições de ensino superior, além de pessoas interessadas, não vinculadas a cursos de graduação ou programas de pós-graduação. Seu objetivo é a produção e discussão de textos de autoria dos participantes (projetos, dissertações, artigos, memoriais, etc.), de tal forma que todos tenham a oportunidade de vivenciar e conhecer as atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão universitárias. A troca entre participantes tem oportunizado a vivência de uma prática de formação inovadora, socializando e produzindo novos saberes, na medida em que abre espaços que valorizem a diversidade e a pluralidade das atividades.

The current sanitary crisis caused by the rapid expansion of the COVID-19 disease offered the possibility of giving respite to the dune systems and allowing their natural regeneration after the effects of the storm Gloria. This storm affected the Levantine and Balearic coast between January 21 and 23, and when some systems began to recover, the hard management of the coast, compromised again the integrity of the dune systems. The urgency to have the systems “ready” for consumption and exploitation moves away from the concept of sustainable tourism management and does not contribute to adaptation to climate change. In this work, we point out some management actions on emerged beaches that have taken place during the lockdown and deconfinement. We focus on three management actions that reveal malpractice, such as levelling and mechanical cleaning, the construction of breakwaters and the removal of Posidonia oceanica. For this, several case studies that represent some of the most well preserved beach-dune systems in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands have been chosen. Keywords: Beach management, mechanical actions, tourism, Catalonia, Balearic Islands.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is among the main crops of national agriculture and can be affected by several diseases. Aiming to develop alternative control methods to chemical control, it was verified the potential of the aqueous extract (AE) from Lentinula edodes in controlling common bean diseases and inducing resistance by the activation of defense enzymes such as peroxidase, catalase and polyphenoloxidase, in addition to evaluating production components. The field experiment consisted of 0, 5%, 10% or 20% acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and fungicide pyraclostrobin treatments as standard treatments. AE was effective in controlling anthracnose at 1% and 5% doses. The activity of all evaluated enzymes was higher at 12 and 24 hours after application of the treatments, with a concentration of 20% standing out. AE at this same dose increased the number of beans per pod and also yield. The aqueous extract of Lentinula edodes at a concentration of 20% is effective in inducing resistance, increasing enzyme levels and increasing yield.

Wheat is a crop that has high production; however, one of the limitations in planting is the presence of diseases, with the gibberella (Gibberella zeae) and yellow spot (Drechslera tritici-repentis) among them. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of fungicides based on strobilurins, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and B. subtilis in controlling these diseases in wheat. The used treatments for all the experiments were: T1-SiO2; T2-B. subtilis; T3- SiO2 + B. subtilis; T4- trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole/trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole; T5-Control. For the field experiment, conducted in two locations, evaluations of the incidence of gibberella and yellow spot severity, crop agronomic characteristics and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities were carried out. According to the obtained results, the fungicides based on strobilurins and SiO2 reduced the severity of the yellow spot, increasing, on average, 10 g the weight of a thousand grains (WTG) and the activity of the PPO and PAL enzymes in both municipalities. Hence, SiO2 possibly activated the defense mechanisms of these plants disease severity.

This work investigated the impregnation of Nb2O5 into carbon black (CB) in different ratios and its effect in photocatalytic degradation of real wastewater from a dyeing factory by advanced oxidative processes (AOP). Synthesized catalysts were characterized regarding their crystalline structure (DRX, micro-Raman), morphology (MEV), textural (BET area) and optical properties (bandgap energy by diffuse reflectance) and pH at the point of zero charge (pHpzc). Preliminary tests showed better photodegradation results in the acidic medium after 5 h of irradiation with NCB-0.5 (Nb2O5:CB 0.5:1). Treatment parameters optimization was carried out using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken experimental design. Catalyst concentration, solution pH and irradiation time were varied, analysing absorbance reduction (285 and 574 nm), COD and TOC removal after treatment as responses. The composite catalyst showed improved photocatalytic activity, attributed to an increase in adsorption capacity and the bandgap narrowing, redshifting the absorption edge wavelength to the visible region, brought by CB impregnation. Optimal conditions were found at 0.250 g L-1 of catalyst, pH 2.0 and 5 h of irradiation, removing 72.19% and 93.52% of absorbance in 285 and 574 nm, respectively, 51.29% of COD and 70.70% of TOC using NCB-0.5.

A pandemia da COVID-19 ocasionou muitos desafios quanto ao modo de fazer pesquisa. Pensando nisso, o objetivo deste artigo é relatar algumas experiências vivenciadas no âmbito da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, especificamente no Curso de Especialização em Gestão Pública e no Grupo de Pesquisa Estudos, Pesquisa e Intervenções em Saúde Coletiva. Os relatos apresentados sobre as pesquisas conduzidas e o fato de ter vivenciado os respectivos processos de investigação em distintos momentos da pandemia fizeram muita diferença na construção do fazer científico. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que a pesquisa é um processo complexo e produzi-la em tempos de pandemia, nos quais múltiplas adaptações foram necessárias, é ainda mais desafiador.

Objetivo: apreender aspectos que influenciam no abandono do tratamento e que mobilizam a disposição para retomá-lo, na perspectiva de pessoas que vivem com HIV. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado em um serviço ambulatorial, com dados coletados entre abril e agosto de 2021, após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, mediante consulta aos prontuários e entrevistas com 24 usuários, submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: os motivos para o abandono do tratamento referidos com maior frequência foram isolamento social imposto pela pandemia, dificuldade de acesso/locomoção até o serviço e efeitos colaterais dos medicamentos. O desejo de sentir-se saudável, desempenhar papeis sociais, cultivar laços familiares, reconhecer que já superou fases piores e o sentimento de mais valia após busca ativa, foram as motivações para retorno ao serviço. Considerações finais: os resultados apontam a importância do atendimento individualizado para conhecer as motivações de retorno ao tratamento as quais oferecem subsídios para o planejamento de ações de busca ativa.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify factors that influence the decision to abandon treatment or foster a willingness to resume it, from the perspective of persons living with HIV. Method: this qualitative study was carried out between April and August 2021 in an outpatient service, after approval by the research ethics committee. Data were collected by consulting medical records and interviewing 24 users, and were treated by content analysis. Results: reasons for abandoning treatment most frequently mentioned were the social isolation imposed by the pandemic, difficulty in accessing or commuting to the service, and the drugs’ side effects. The motivations for returning to the service were the desire to feel healthy, play social roles, cultivate family ties, recognize that he has overcome worse phases and the feeling of added value after active search. Final considerations: the findings point to the importance of individualized care to understanding the motivations for returning to treatment, which can inform the planning of active search actions.RESUMENObjetivo: comprender aspectos que influyen en el abandono del tratamiento y que movilizan la voluntad para retomarlo, en la perspectiva de las personas que viven con VIH. Método: estudio cualitativo, realizado en un servicio de consulta externa, con datos recolectados entre abril y agosto de 2021, después de la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación, mediante consulta de historias clínicas y entrevistas con 24 usuarios, sometidos a análisis de contenido. Resultados: los motivos de abandono del tratamiento mencionados más frecuentemente fueron el aislamiento social impuesto por la pandemia, la dificultad de acceso/traslado al trabajo y los efectos secundarios de los medicamentos. El deseo de sentirse saludable, desempeñar roles sociales, cultivar lazos familiares, entender que ha superado fases peores y la sensación de plusvalía luego de una búsqueda activa, fueron las motivaciones para volver al servicio. Consideraciones finales: los resultados apuntan hacia la importancia de la atención individualizada para comprender las motivaciones de retorno al tratamiento, que ofrecen subsidios para la planificación de acciones de búsqueda activa.

Al menos en español, podría parecer que el encabezado de esta nota editorial es un juego de palabras, pero lo cierto es que, a partir de este año, ANALECTA VETERINARIA comienza a ser parte de SciELO, una de las bibliotecas electrónicas más significativas de Iberoamérica (http://scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&lng=es&pid=1514-2590). SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), tiene como misión recuperar la ciencia de los países en desarrollo y reafirmar el compromiso de propiciar el derecho a la información científica, procurando la excelencia académica y editorial de las publicaciones científicas. Agrupa revistas científicas en texto completo y con acceso abierto, libre y gratuito. Las revistas que integran la colección SciELO abarcan todas las áreas del conocimiento. Sus artículos son revisados por pares, lo que le otorga confiabilidad y rigor científico. SciELO indiza trabajos científicos escritos en inglés, español y portugués. Para que una revista argentina ingrese a este indizador, son evaluados una serie de aspectos de rigurosidad y excelencia, basados en los criterios del Núcleo Básico de Publicaciones Científicas Argentinas (http://caicyt-conicet.gov.ar/sitio/comunicacion-cientifica/nucleo-basico/) y del catálogo Latindex (https://latindex.org/latindex/). Cumplimentar todos estos aspectos por parte de ANALECTA VETERINARIA representa un reconocimiento a la labor de autores, revisores, equipo editorial y al sistema de gestión de revistas de la UNLP, como así también a la visibilidad y a la citación que son atribuibles a nuestros lectores.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of mucilage extracted from the fruit of Dillenia indica for enhancing coagulation in the treatment of textile effluent. The mucilage extraction was carried out in water at room temperature. The pH, concentration of coagulant FeCl3.6H2O, and concentration of mucilage solution were optimized with star-type central composite design (CCD). We were able to analyze the synergistic effects between the FeCl3.6H2O and mucilage concentrations: the process of coagulation/flocculation (CF) for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was more efficient at a low chemical coagulant concentration (8.00 mg L−1) and a higher natural coagulant (NC) concentration (15.00 mg L−1). This demonstrated the potential of this mucilage to treat textile effluents, with 67.66%% COD removal, 96.86% turbidity removal and 91.12% apparent color reduction. The characterization of the mucilage of Dillenia indica was done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state cross-polarization magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13C NMR), and the signals obtained indicated the presence of polysaccharides, which are responsible for enhancing the CF process.

Mixed depression is probably different in terms of clinical course and response to treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is well established in non-mixed depression, and theta-burst stimulation (TBS) protocol is replacing conventional protocols because of noninferiority and reduced delivery time. However, TBS has not been adequately studied in mixed states. This study was a double-blind, six-week, sham-controlled, and randomized clinical trial of bilateral TBS targeting the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, respectively. Adults with bipolar and major depressive disorder experiencing an acute mixed depression were eligible if they had not benefited from a first- or second-line treatment for acute unipolar or bipolar depression recommended by the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments. Out of 100 patients included, 90 composed modified intention-to-treat sample, which was patients that completed at least one week of the intervention. There were no significant differences in Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale score changes (least squares mean difference between groups at week 3, −0.06 [95% CI, − 3.39 to 3.51; P = 0.97] in favor of sham TBS). Response and remission rates per MADRS were also not statistically different among active and sham groups (35.7% vs. 43.7%, and 28.5% vs. 37.5% respectively at week 6, ps > 0.51). No other analyses from baseline to weeks 3 or 6 revealed significant time x group interaction or mean differences among groups in the mITT sample. Bilateral TBS targeting the DLPFC is not efficacious as an add-on treatment of acute bipolar and unipolar mixed depression. ClinicalTrials.govIdentifier: NCT04123301

Introdução: Miíase humana ocorre em países subdesenvolvidos, normalmente afeta pacientes doentes, idosos, deficientes mentais ou pacientes tróficos saudáveis. As larvas despejam seus ovos em tecidos doentes e necrosados (RIBEIRO, 2001). Pode ser definida como uma zoodermatoses, onde ela se alimenta e desenvolve como parasita, causando fenômenos inflamatórios, infecções e hemorragias. As miíase generalizada são pouco frequentes ocasionadas por abandono de feridas por vários dias. Pode ser: cutâneas, subcutâneas, cavitárias(MELO, 2003). Fruto da falta de higienização e feridas produzidas por agressões, doenças graves, tecidos mortos, principalmente nos incapacitados de fazer sua higiene básicas (BARROS, 2016). Objetivo: Identificar o meio de tratamento com administração da ivermectina em pacientes diagnosticado com patologias orais acometidos por larvas de moscas. Material e métodos: Realizou-se revisão literária direcionada ao tratamento de miíase humana com ivermectina em sites Google acadêmico, PubMed e SciElo, no período de 2001 a 2020, efetuada no idioma português, inglês. Utilizou seguintes descritores: Miíase bucal, Cavidade bucal, Ivermectina. Identificados em 20 artigos, procedendo à leitura dos títulos e resumos, das quais foram escolhidas 05 referências. Resultados: Identificou-se que os medicamentos mais utilizados são: clorofórmio a 15% em azeite e ivermectina oral. Em relação ao método utilizado, Melo (2003) aplica as formulas contendo clorofórmio diretamente na boca enquanto os parasitas estão presentes, causando assim a morte das larvas, facilitando sua remoção. No entanto, Ribeiro (2012) relata que o melhor procedimento a ser aplicado é com a utilização da ivermectina em comprimido. Este medicamento atua diretamente no organismo sem afetar a injuria bloqueando os canais de cloro regulados pelo ácido gamaaminobutírico, juntamente com antibióticos, atingindo assim o pico plasmático rápido, resultando na saída das larvas ainda vivas, sendo imprescindível realizar a higienização básica e continua até a cicatrização do tecido (LUCENA, 2020). Conclusão: Desta forma casos graves de miíase podem ser tratados tanto de forma primaria, com o auxílio de higienização, quanto com a utilização da ivermectina, sendo este medicamento seguro a ser aplicado nesses casos, devido não afetar diretamente tecidos e órgãos humano.

Biomolecular condensates are mesoscopic biomolecular assemblies devoid of long range order that contribute to important cellular functions. They form reversibly, are stabilized by numerous but relatively weak intermolecular interactions, and their formation can be regulated by various cellular signals including changes in local concentration, post-translational modifications, energy-consuming processes, and biomolecular interactions. Condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation are initially liquid but are metastable relative to hydrogels or irreversible solids that have been associated with protein aggregation diseases and are stabilized by stronger, more permanent interactions. As a consequence of this, a series of cellular mechanisms are available to regulate not only biomolecular condensation but also the physical properties of the condensates.

Introduction Mixed-specifier mood disorders are probably a different subgroup in terms of response to treatment, socio-demographic parameters, course, and family history. Here we describe the rationale and design of a clinical trial aimed to test the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a non-pharmacological treatment known as theta-burst stimulation (TBS) for treating the mixed depressive episodes of both bipolar (I or II), and unipolar depression. Methods The study is designed as a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial evaluating TBS for the treatment of moderate or severe major depressive episodes with mixed features of patients receiving at least one first or second-line pharmacological treatment for depressive episodes without adequate response. Ninety adult (18 to 65 years old) patients will be enrolled and submitted to 6-week (comprising 5 consecutive days a week sessions for the first 3 weeks and then 2 days a week for a further 3 week) of inhibitory followed by excitatory TBS in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Participants will be assessed using clinical and neuropsychological tests before and after the intervention. The primary outcome is change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) score over time and across groups. Cognitive parameters will also be assessed with neuropsychological tests. Results The clinical results will provide evidence about TBS as an adjunctive treatment for mixed depression treatment and neuropsychological parameters will contribute toward an improved understanding the effects of TBS in cognition. Conclusion Our results could introduce a novel therapeutic technique for mixed depressive episodes of both bipolar and unipolar disorders. Clinical trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04123301; date of registration: 10/10/2019; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04123301?term=NCT04123301&rank=1.

Current evidence confirms that tumor initiation and recurrence is generally governed by a subpopulation of tumor cells with stem-like signatures: cancer stem cells (CSCs). This population needs to be considered a pivotal target for tumor treatment, since it combines drug resistance and the capacity to restore tumors even from a few cells. Several drugs and biopharmaceuticals are being tested for their capacity to suppress CSCs based on their capacity to interfere with key-signaling pathways required to maintain this privileged and aggressive phenotype. However, these molecules have often poor biopharmaceutical properties, significant side effects, difficulties to reach their target site, and short half-lives. These limitations have motivated the integration of these therapeutic molecules in advanced drug delivery systems for improved stability, intratumoral penetration, and efficacy. We envisage that such delivery technologies will have important roles in new promising strategies based on combined drug therapies for disrupting the CSC niche and achieving cancer remission.

One of the greatest contributions to water pollution is industrial sector, especially textile, due to high consumption of water and chemical. Therefore, the textile wastewater has an extremely complex matrix and is heterogeneous due to multiplicity of hazardous chemicals, dyes, and toxic components. Due to this fact, the real textile wastewater should be treated before disposal in waterbodies. The coagulation/flocculation process is used worldwide for the treatment of various types of industrial wastewater. This chapter highlights the growing interest in the use of natural coagulants to replace coagulants that have toxicological potential for the environment and health.

Zinc-carbon batteries are consumed daily worldwide. Large amounts of batteries are mainly disposed of improperly due to their low cost and short life cycle. It contains a graphite rod as a positive electrode. Considering that graphite natural resources are not abundant worldwide and that powder and rod graphite are already being used for graphene synthesis, the use of graphite from these discarded batteries is a cheap, sustainable, and nonhazardous process for the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Graphite rod has been removed, pretreated by using acid treatment and sonication to eliminate contaminants, and used as raw material for synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) by electrochemical exfoliation in aqueous electrolytic solution. GO was reduced to rGO using a mild condition and L-ascorbic acid (natural reducing agent) to remove oxygen functionalities and to restore the π-network of the GO. This method does not use reducing agents that are corrosive, combustible, and harmful to human health and environment. The yield of rGO using waste battery graphite was 80%. To optimize the electrochemical exfoliation process, three different voltages were applied (5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 V).

The patterns of use and frequentation of beaches are a useful tool in a coastal management and planning. The aim of this paper is to apply the method for the analysis of physical carrying capacity in 16 beaches of the island of Minorca, based on the values in m2 /user recommended in 2000. A multi-temporal analysis of the beaches evolution is carried out using qualitative variables that allow obtaining the trends of the beaches with parameters that analyse their management and occupation (2000-2017). The results obtained show that the beaches have acceptable carrying capacities and that the environmental management, their advertising and the services provided, condition their temporal space evolution. The method allows setting up future scenarios by using the analysed variables Los patrones de uso y frecuentación de playas son una herramienta útil en la gestión y planificación litoral. El objetivo de este artículo es la aplicación de la metodología para el análisis de capacidad de carga física en 16 playas de la isla de Menorca basada en los valores en m2 /usuario recomendados en el año 2000. Se realiza un análisis multitemporal de la evolución de las playas mediante variables cualitativas que permiten obtener las tendencias de las playas con parámetros que analizan su gestión y ocupación (2000-2017). Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que las playas presentan unas capacidades de carga aceptables y que su evolución espacio temporal se encuentra condicionada por la gestión ambiental, su publicitación y la dotación de servicios. La metodología permite establecer escenarios futuros mediante el uso de las variables analizadas