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Rotator cuff tears are among the most common orthopaedic injuries. If not treated, they can result in a massive irreparable tear because of tendon retraction and muscle atrophy. Mihata et al. in 2012 described the technique of superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) using fascia lata autograft. This has been considered an acceptable and effective method for treating irreparable massive rotator cuff tears. We describe an arthroscopically assisted superior capsular reconstruction (ASCR) technique using all soft anchors to preserve the bone stock and reduce possible hardware complications. Moreover, knotless anchors for the lateral fixation make the technique easier to reproduce.

Secretory carcinoma (SC) is a salivary gland tumor with a generally low grade microscopic appearance, a characteristic immunophenotype, and a recurrent translocation leading to ETV6::NTRK3 fusion gene. Rare cases are reported in children. The maxillary sinus is an unusual localization. SC have an overall favorable prognosis, but cases with high grade morphology have been described in adult population and are related to a more aggressive clinical course. We present a pediatric case of secretory carcinoma involving the maxillary sinus with high grade morphology, with a review of the literature of secretory carcinomas with high grade component.

The main objective of the study is to assess whether there is an increased risk of mortality in the days following the administration of COVID-19 vaccines in Bologna Health Authority in the first year of COVID-19 vaccination campaign. A secondary objective was to describe causes of deaths occurred in the days after vaccination. We conducted a retrospective observational study on all residents of Bologna Health Authority who received at least one COVID-19 vaccination dose from December 27, 2020 to December 31, 2021 and compared mortality in the 3, 7, 14 30 days after vaccination (risk interval) with the mortality in the period of the same length (3, 7, 14 and 30 days) beyond the 30th day after the last dose of vaccination (control interval). The cohort included 717,538 people. The mortality rate was 2.24 per 100 person-years during the 30 days risk interval vs 2.72 in the control interval with an adjusted incidence rate ratio equal to 0.76 (95% CI: 0.70-0.83, p 0.001). The risk of mortality is significantly lower (p 0.001) also in the 3, 7, 14 days risk intervals than in the control intervals. This study shows that there is no increase in mortality in the short-term period after COVID-19 vaccines.

Fil: Roselli, Néstor Daniel. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Roselli, Néstor Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Cardoni, Juliana. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Cardoni, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar la enseñanza recíproca individual entre alumnos (pares no-expertos) con la enseñanza no-experta realizada en pareja respecto a diversos aspectos relativos a la cualidad y calidad de las mismas. La primera enseñanza tiene como destinatario al compañero de díada (en reciprocidad); la segunda es realizada conjuntamente por los integrantes de una díada y tiene como destinatario a otra díada (y recíprocamente). En general, los estudios sobre la tutoría entre pares no-expertos referida a la enseñanza de conocimientos omiten la cuestión particular de la enseñanza compartida con un alter. La hipótesis central es que este tipo de docencia no-experta compartida genera diferencias de cualidad y calidad respecto a la docencia no-experta individual. Participaron 14 estudiantes universitarios de una misma clase agrupados aleatoriamente en díadas, los que, previo aprendizaje de la episteme a enseñar provista por un texto-fuente, realizaban primero una tutoría enseñante individual dirigida al compañero/a (y viceversa), y luego una tutoría compartida con éste dirigida a los integrantes de otra díada (y viceversa). Las sesiones fueron audio-grabadas. Esta comparación individual-colectivo se refiere tanto a aspectos cualitativos de la enseñanza, como a aspectos relativos a su calidad. En cuanto a los primeros, los datos muestran significativas diferencias respecto al estilo de enseñanza y a la dependencia respecto del texto-fuente, y diferencias moderadas relativas a la calidad. Se concluye con una propuesta de diferenciación de distintas modalidades de la relación individual-colectivo. Abstract: The objective of this research is to compare individual reciprocal teaching between students (non-expert peers) with dyadic non-expert teaching. In general, studies on non-expert peer tutoring related to knowledge teaching omit the particular issue of dyadic teaching with an alter. The central hypothesis states that this type of dyadic non-expert teaching generates differences in attributes and quality with respect to individual non-expert teaching. Seven dyads of university students from the same class were randomly grouped in dyads, who, after learning the episteme to be taught provided by a source-text, they performed first an individual teaching tutoring directed to the partner (and vice versa), and then a dyadic tutoring together directed to the members of another dyad (and vice versa). These sessions were audio-recorded. This individual-dyadic comparison refers to both different attributes of teaching, as well as aspects related to its quality. Regarding the attributes, data shows significant differences in terms of teaching style and dependence on the source-text, and moderate differences regarding quality. The research concludes with a proposal to differentiate various modalities of the individual-dyadic relationship.

Background Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb, is one of the most threatening diseases affecting olive cultivation. An integrated disease management strategy is recommended for the effective control of VWO. Within this framework, the use of biological control agents (BCAs) is a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. No studies are available on the impact that the introduction of BCAs has on the resident microbiota of olive roots. Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 and Paenibacillus polymyxa PIC73 are two BCAs effective against VWO. We examined the effects of the introduction of these BCAs on the structure, composition and co-occurrence networks of the olive (cv. Picual) root-associated microbial communities. The consequences of the subsequent inoculation with V. dahliae on BCA-treated plants were also assessed. Results Inoculation with any of the BCAs did not produce significant changes in the structure or the taxonomic composition of the ‘Picual’ root-associated microbiota. However, significant and distinctive alterations were observed in the topologies of the co-occurrence networks. The introduction of PIC73 provoked a diminution of positive interactions within the ‘Picual’ microbial community; instead, PICF7 inoculation increased the microbiota’s compartmentalization. Upon pathogen inoculation, the network of PIC73-treated plants decreased the number of interactions and showed a switch of keystone species, including taxa belonging to minor abundant phyla (Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes). Conversely, the inoculation of V. dahliae in PICF7-treated plants significantly increased the complexity of the network and the number of links among their modules, suggestive of a more stable network. No changes in their keystone taxa were detected. Conclusion The absence of significant modifications on the structure and composition of the ‘Picual’ belowground microbiota due to the introduction of the tested BCAs underlines the low/null environmental impact of these rhizobacteria. These findings may have important practical consequences regarding future field applications of these BCAs. Furthermore, each BCA altered the interactions among the components of the olive belowground microbiota in idiosyncratic ways (i.e. PIC73 strongly modified the number of positive relations in the ‘Picual’ microbiota whereas PICF7 mostly affected the network stability). These modifications may provide clues on the biocontrol strategies used by these BCAs.

Background In literature, a few reports described an association between paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) and Castelman’s disease (CD), but no consensus have been proposed for the diagnostic-therapeutical approach. Aim of this study is to present a case report and explore the relationship between PNP and CD in pediatric patients, focusing on clinical manifestations, histopathological findings, treatment and outcome to find elements for an early diagnosis. Case presentation We present the clinical case of a 13 years old girl with a challenging diagnosis of PNP and CD who underwent therapy at first with Rituximab and then with Siltuximab, for the control of symptoms. Conclusions Reviewing literature, 20 clinical cases have been described in the pediatric age. Diagnosis may be challenging, requiring an average of 3 months (range from 3 weeks to 2 years). In all cases, the initial manifestations were mucocutaneous lesions, especially oral lesions with poor response to conventional treatment. Systemic symptoms may be present as well. Therapeutical approach is still discussed with no consensus. Almost all patients received corticosteroids with poor response. Other drugs including azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporine and monoclonal antibodies have been evaluated for the control of the disease. Further studies and experimental trials urge to define the diagnostic criteria and therapy protocol.

SummaryStandard models of plant speciation assume strictly dichotomous genealogies in which a species, the ancestor, is replaced by two offspring species. The reality in wind-pollinated trees with long evolutionary histories is more complex: species evolve from other species through isolation when genetic drift exceeds gene flow; lineage mixing can give rise to new species (hybrid taxa such as nothospecies and allopolyploids). The multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA is one of few gene regions conserving signal from dichotomous and reticulate evolutionary processes down to the level of intra-genomic recombination. Therefore, it can provide unique insights into the dynamic speciation processes of lineages that diversified tens of millions of years ago. Here, we provide the first high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the 5S intergenic spacers (5S-IGS) for a lineage of wind-pollinated subtropical to temperate trees, theFagus crenata – F. sylvaticas.l. lineage, and its distant relativeF. japonica.The observed 4,963 unique 5S-IGS variants reflect a complex history of hybrid origins, lineage sorting, mixing via secondary gene flow, and intra-genomic competition between two or more paralogous-homoeologous 5S rDNA lineages. We show that modern species are genetic mosaics and represent a striking case of ongoing reticulate evolution during the past 55 million years.Significance statementThe evolution of extra-tropical wind-pollinated tree genera involves dynamic speciation processes. High-throughput sequencing of the multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA reveals a complex history of hybrid origins, lineage sorting and mixing, and intra-genomic competition between paralogous-homeologous loci in the core group of Eurasian beech trees (genusFagus) and their distant relative,F. japonica. The modern species are genetic mosaics and represent a striking case of at least 55 million years of ongoing reticulate evolution.

Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is defined as a highly invasive B-cell lymphoma, usually characterized by an excellent prognosis, more than 90% of children and adolescents being cured with highly dose-intensive multiagent chemotherapy. Primary ovarian localization without involvement of other organs is a rare manifestation of BL, especially in pediatric population. Symptoms at diagnosis are similar to other ovarian lesions and differential diagnosis may be challenging for clinicians. A 12-year-old girl was referred to our institution for abdominal pain and palpable mass observed by the pediatrician. Diagnostic work-up demonstrated a large mass arising from the right ovary, causing compression on abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, ureters and bowel, with a second smaller lesion on the left ovary. At surgery, a 15 cm-large, ruptured mass arising from the right ovary was found, associated with a second lesion originating from the left ovary (8 cm) and multiple nodules of the greater omentum. Right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, incisional biopsies were taken from the left ovary and omental nodules and peritoneal fluid samples were collected for cytology. Pathology revealed a Burkitt lymphoma and the patient underwent chemotherapy according to AIEOP LNH-97 Protocol, group R3 with Rituximab. Preoperative diagnosis of primary ovarian lymphoma is extremely difficult. Surgical exploration is often necessary in patients presenting with acute abdominal or pelvic pain; when the suspicion of primary ovarian lymphoma arises intraoperatively, every effort should be made to minimize invasive procedure in order to enhance post-operative recovery.

This work was supported by the grants PID2019-106283RB-I00, BES-2017-081269 and FPU19/00700 of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU)/Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI), and the grant RYC2021-032996-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR". This research was partially funded by FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidad, Junta de Andalucia Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Proyecto P20_00263; and FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento, Proyecto B-AGR-416-UGR18., Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a major concern in many olive- growing countries. An efficient VWO control measure is the use of tolerant/resistant cultivars. Low information is available about olive secondary metabolites and its relationship with VWO tolerance. In this study, a comprehensive metabolic profiling of the roots of six olive cultivars differing in their level of tolerance/susceptibility to VWO was addressed. Potential changes in the metabolite profiles due to the presence of the pathogen were also assessed. A strong relationship between the quantitative basal composition of the root secondary metabolic profile and VWO tolerance/susceptibility of olive varieties was found. Tolerant cultivars showed higher content of secoiridoids, while the susceptible ones presented greater amounts of verbascoside and methoxypinoresinol glucoside. The presence of V. dahliae only caused few significant variations mostly restricted to the earliest times after inoculation. Thus, a rapid activation of biochemical- based root defense mechanisms was observed., Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU)/Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) PID2019-106283RB-I00, BES-2017-081269, FPU19/00700, MCIN/AEI RYC2021-032996-I, European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR RYC2021-032996-I, FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidad, Junta de Andalucia Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades P20_00263, FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento B-AGR-416-UGR18

Supplementary Material 5

Secretory carcinoma (SC) is a salivary gland tumor with a generally low grade microscopic appearance, a characteristic immunophenotype, and a recurrent translocation leading to ETV6::NTRK3 fusion gene. Rare cases are reported in children. The maxillary sinus is an unusual localization. SC have an overall favorable prognosis, but cases with high grade morphology have been described in adult population and are related to a more aggressive clinical course. We present a pediatric case of secretory carcinoma involving the maxillary sinus with high grade morphology, with a review of the literature of secretory carcinomas with high grade component.

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by the soil borne fungus

International audience; Sont étudiées ici, de façon interdisciplinaire, les origines et les finalités des chiffres dits publics et des chiffres dits privés. En analysant leurs conditions, historiquement situées, de production, de diffusion et d'utilisation, leurs définitions s'avèrent instables et leurs frontières poreuses. Des institutions publiques ont besoin de la collaboration de particuliers et d'entreprises pour produire des statistiques rendues publiques. Certains chiffres demeurent confidentiels pendant une certaine période avant leur publicisation. Des acteurs privés utilisent des données publiques pour produire des chiffres à usage privé. À cette privatisation de chiffres publics s'ajoute une reprivatisation de données privées après leur publicité. Si des conflits opposent parfois les producteurs privés et publics de données, les deux catégories de chiffres résultent principalement de compromis, d'emprunts, de transferts et de co-construction. De l'Ancien Régime à nos jours, l'ouvrage aborde, en France, dans son empire et à l'étranger, les secrets des affaires et des statistiques, les recensements, les indices des prix, le cadastre, le contrôle du bilan des entreprises, la privatisation des normes comptables publiques et privées, et le développement d'acteurs privés de la statistique. Ce volume met ainsi en évidence, sur la longue durée, la singularité de notre époque qui appara\ⁱt comme une ère nouvelle : celle du chiffre hybride, avec ses antagonismes d'usages et de légitimités. avec le soutien de l' Institut de la gestion publique et du développement économique-Comité pour l'histoire économique et financière de la France et des laboratoires Institutions et dynamiques historiques de l'économie et de la société (UMR 8533) et Institut de recherches historiques du Septentrion (UMR 8529)

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by the soil borne fungus Verticillium dahliae, is one of the most relevant diseases affecting this crop worldwide. One of the best VWO management strategies is the use of tolerant cultivars. Scarce information is available about physiological and structural responses in the leaves of olive cultivars displaying different levels of tolerance to VWO. To identify links between this phenotype and variations in functional characteristics of the leaves, this study examined the structural and physiological traits and the correlations among them in different olive varieties. This evaluation was conducted in the presence/absence of V. dahliae. On the one hand, no leaf trait but the area was related to VWO tolerance in the absence of the pathogen. On the other hand, after inoculation, susceptible cultivars showed lower leaf area and higher leaf mass per area and dry matter content. Furthermore, at the physiological level, these plants showed severe symptoms resembling water stress. Analyzing the relationships among physiological and structural traits revealed differences between tolerant and susceptible cultivars both in the absence and in the presence of V. dahliae. These results showed that olive leaves of VWO-tolerant and VWO-susceptible cultivars adopt different strategies to cope with the pathogen., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant ECOMEDIT CGL2014-53236-R), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (grant PID2019-106283RB-I00), and by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain) grants ‘For-Change’ (UCOFEDER 18 REF 27943 MOD B) and P18-RT-3455, all of them co-funded with European FEDER funds.

Background: Approximately 85% of the U.S. military active duty population is male and less than 50 years of age, with elevated levels of known risk factors for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), including smoking, excessive use of alcohol, and greater numbers of sexual partners, and elevated prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV). Given the recent rise in incidence of OPSCC related to the HPV, the Department of Defense Serum Repository provides an unparalleled resource for longitudinal studies of OPSCC in the military for the identification of early detection biomarkers. Methods: We identified 175 patients diagnosed with OPSCC with 175 matched healthy controls and retrieved a total of 978 serum samples drawn at the time of diagnosis, 2 and 4 years prior to diagnosis, and 2 years after diagnosis. Following immunoaffinity depletion, serum samples were analyzed by targeted proteomics assays for multiplexed quantification of a panel of 146 candidate protein biomarkers from the curated literature. Results: Using a Random Forest machine learning approach, we derived a 13-protein signature that distinguishes cases versus controls based on longitudinal changes in serum protein concentration. The abundances of each of the 13 proteins remain constant over time in control subjects. The AUC for the derived Random Forest classifier was 0.90. Conclusions: This 13-protein classifier is highly promising for detection of OPSCC prior to overt symptoms. Impact: Use of longitudinal samples has significant potential to identify biomarkers for detection and risk stratification.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze three characteristics of strategic alliances in Italy to estimate their influence on financial performance. The authors test how alliance complexity, strategic planning and accounting control influence revenue growth, asset growth and EBITDA margin.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses contractual and financial data to test hypothesized relationships in structural equation modelling (SEM) using partial least squares (PLSs).FindingsThis paper highlights that the extent of strategic planning positively influences the growth in assets but not in revenue or EBITDA margin. In addition, the findings of this paper support the idea that the complexity in the alliance is significantly related to the quantity of accounting controls within alliance.Originality/valueThis paper improves existing research on the subject, as it contributes to open the black box of alliances’ internal operations by examining the details of 50 Italian contracts to create a multidimensional profile of each alliance.

This paper aims to bridge a gap in the literature by investigating a continuous audit case for anticorruption. The evolution of technology can offer valuable opportunities to integrate legality checks and business processes that are consistent with the growing call to fight corruption at the institutional level. Since the last decade, researchers have proposed conceptual frameworks demonstrating the visible advantages of continuous auditing and data mining, but significant difficulties still exist in practice. This process has been implemented in only a few cases, and the lack of empirical studies implies a need for additional research on this topic. To fill this gap, we adopt the framework proposed by Chan and Vasarhelyi (2011) and identify success factors for the implementation of continuous auditing. For the analysis, we use the research methodology of a single case study and focus on the Italian company Acciai Speciali Terni Spa (AST), the only steelwork company in Europe that has been ISO 37001 certified. This study demonstrates the practical impact of continuous auditing and data mining on strategic risk control by empirically testing the Chan and Vasarhelyi (2011) framework for the specific issue of anticorruption. The results show that effective continuous auditing is centered on an integrative and change management approach and that strategic vision, risk mapping, and a no‐corruption culture are among the most influential factors. The AST case demonstrates that technology is currently essential for supporting strategic risk control but only if it is integrated with consistent growth in organizational and managerial capabilities.

The aim of this study is to better understand the phylogeography and evolution of the Lebanese oaks and to assess the convergence between their morpho-ecological and molecular characteristics. We i...

Gastridium P. Beauv. is a Mediterranean-Paleotropical member of the Poaceae family, whose species number and diversity are still imperfectly known. We examined patterns of DNA diversity at two plas...

This paper aims to provide a contribution on how the small and medium enterpris-es (SMEs) may reduce the gap between theory and practice on management con-trol knowledge. The paper adopts a knowledge transfer (KT) approach grounded on Liyanage et al.'s (2009) framework. A project of management accounting (MA) implementation in a SME located in Umbria is presented and discussed fol-lowing a strong interventionist research approach. The case demonstrates the knowledge management relevance on MA implementation, able to integrate and reinforce the influence of contingency variables and institutional pressures. It con-tributes to show how the MA implementation has been positively influenced by the SME absorptive capacity (AC) and willingness to learn (WTL), connected to some educational and technical conditions characterizing the entrepreneur and the organization. This paper provides a practical contribution for practitioners and SMEs involved in the implementation of MA tools, demonstrating that successful implementation requires gradual learning cycles and some organizational pre-conditions to bring successful results. It also contributes to scientific debate en-hancing the active role of the actors in designing and implementing managerial control systems, as well as providing an original view that involves the supply and demand for innovation in managerial systems as sources and receivers of man-agement control knowledge.

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by the soil-borne vascular pathogen

Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality, but relapse rates are high even with available treatments. Insomnia is a robust predictor of relapse and pilot studies have shown that CBT for insomnia improves insomnia and daytime functioning in adults with AUD and insomnia. The impact of CBT for insomnia on relapse, however, is unclear. This trial will compare telemedicine-delivered CBT for insomnia (CBT-TM) with sleep hygiene education (SHE-TM) on improving insomnia/sleep, daytime symptom, and drinking outcomes in treatment-seeking AUD adults with insomnia. The study will also determine the effects of treatment on sleep mechanisms and their association with clinical outcomes. Methods This is a single-site randomized controlled trial with planned enrollment of 150 adults meeting criteria for both AUD and chronic insomnia. Eligible participants will be randomized 1:1 to 6 sessions of telemedicine-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-TM) or Sleep Hygiene Education (SHE-TM) with clinical assessments conducted at pre-treatment, post- treatment, and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. Overnight polysomnography will be conducted before and after treatment. Primary clinical outcomes will include post-treatment scores on the Insomnia Severity Index and the General Fatigue subscale of the Multidisciplinary Fatigue Inventory, and the percent of days abstinent (PDA) on the interview-administered Time Line Follow Back. EEG delta activity, derived from overnight polysomnography, will be the primary endpoint to assess the sleep homeostasis mechanism. Discussion This adequately powered randomized controlled trial will provide clinically relevant information about whether targeting insomnia is effective for improving treatment outcomes among treatment-seeking adults with AUD. Additionally, the study will offer new scientific insights on the impact of an evidence-based non-medication treatment for insomnia on a candidate mechanism of sleep dysfunction in this population - sleep homeostasis. Trial registration CClinicalTrials.gov NCT # 04457674. Registered on 07 July 2020.

Accidental broken dental needles during dental blocks have become a rare occurrence but still occur. Although the treatment for such occurrence is controversial, an increasing body of literature demonstrates that migration of such needles is possible. In this case, we report on a 48-year-old male with migration of a broken dental needle from an inferior alveolar block. Over the course of 2 years, we demonstrated radiological documentation of the course of migration with penetration of the internal jugular vein at the jugular foramen which was subsequently successfully retrieved through a transcervical approach without neurovascular injury. This case is unique given the location of migration to the skull base as well as radiologically documented time course. Furthermore, it highlights the need for prompt retrieval of broken dental needles given the high potential of migration and injury to neurovascular structures.

Trabajo presentado en el Simposium Científico Técnico Expoliva, celebrado online del 22 al 25 de septiembre de 2021., La Verticilosis está causada por el hongo del suelo Verticillium dahliae y es uno de los principales problemas que afecta al cultivo del olivo. Se trata de una enfermedad de muy difícil control por lo que la aplicación de una estrategia de manejo integrado es la recomendación más eficaz para confrontarla. Uno de las medidas más eficaces dentro de dicha estrategia es el uso de cultivares resistentes/tolerantes. Por ello, la búsqueda de características funcionales que puedan vincularse a cultivares/genotipos que presentan tolerancia al patógeno constituye una interesante aproximación en programas de evaluación y mejora frente a la Verticilosis. Actualmente no se dispone de información sobre una posible relación entre tolerancia a esta enfermedad y rasgos funcionales en olivo. En este trabajo se analizaron 25 rasgos funcionales de hoja, tallo, raíz y planta entera en 6 variedades de olivos que presentan diferentes niveles de tolerancia a V. dahliae. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las variedades tolerantes presentaban mayor área de las hojas y contenido de materia seca (en hojas, tallos y planta entera), así como mayor fracción de tallo y menor de hojas. Las diferencias más significativas se identificaron en la arquitectura del sistema radicular, tanto en el caso de raíces finas como en las gruesas, especialmente en longitud, área, diámetro y contenido de lignina.

To evaluate the anatomic integrity of rotator cuff repair performed by medialized single row and augmented by a porcine dermal patch, in comparison with a nonaugmented group.We conducted a single-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. The sample size was predefined, and patients were divided into a study group and a control group, assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The EuroQol-visual analog scale; Constant-Murley questionnaire; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score; and Simple Shoulder Test were administered. The humeral-acromial distance was calculated on radiographs. Tendon thickness, tear extension, and tendon signal intensity were all measured on magnetic resonance images (MRIs) along with an evaluation of footprint extension and a classification into one of 4 healing grades-healed, thinned, partially healed, not healed.The study population consisted of 92 patients who were equally randomized into 2 homogenous groups. Sixty-nine patients completed the 24-month follow-up. The study group showed a healing rate of 97.6% compared with 59.5% for the standard repair group. The study group showed better results in terms of repaired tendon thickness and footprint coverage, with a P value.05, although the tendon density was comparable. The study group showed better strength recovery and functionality with the outcome scores submitted. During the entire study, only 2 patients reported complications, calling for a biopsy during revision surgery.Rotator cuff repairs augmented with a porcine dermal patch resulted in excellent clinical outcomes with a higher healing rate and close-to-normal MRI findings. The technique is safe and effective; in addition, it is reproducible and allows for better outcomes compared with those of standard medialized single-row repairs.

Water pollution by heavy metals is a matter of growing concern due to their potential toxicity for biota. The development of new and cost-effective remediation strategies is a priority in this field. For this purpose, a green technology, consisting of organic waste made up of a composite of water hyacinth dry matter and sodium alginate in microsphere form, was tested for its potential to adsorb lead and cadmium in river water samples. The water hyacinth‑sodium alginate composite molecular conformation was analysed first in order to obtain the potential energy surfaces. A high dipole moment, useful for the adsorption of heavy metals, was found. Accordingly, the cross-linked microspheres were prepared by combining water hyacinth dry matter and sodium alginate in a 1:1 ratio. Their metal adsorption and any effect on the natural microbial river community were verified with laboratory microcosm experiments lasting 11 days, using river water spiked with lead and cadmium (1 mg/L each). For this purpose, chemical (metal concentrations) and microbial (microbial abundance, viability and taxonomic composition) analyses were performed. Moreover, the ecotoxicity (with Vibrio fischeri - ISO 11348-3:2007) of water samples from microcosms in the presence/absence of the microspheres and metals was assessed. Effective concentrations (EC20 and EC50) of Pb and Cd were also determined. Finally, electron microscopy analyses were performed with a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) to visualize the metal adsorption capacity of the microspheres and investigate the metal distribution on the spheres (adsorbed on the surface or inside). The overall results showed that the microspheres were able to remove high heavy metal concentrations (about 1 mg/L) from river water in a short time (at 96 h just 1.3% and 5.8% of the Pb and Cd initial concentrations were detected) and no ecotoxicological effects were recorded. Moreover, the microspheres had a positive effect on the microbial community by promoting an increase in live cell numbers, probably through the release of organic carbon. Further analyses (at about four months) showed that the microspheres were able to keep metals adsorbed for a long time. These results show that the green technology proposed is an effective remediation method for Pb and Cd removal from river water and is very promising, not least because of its low cost.

The anionic surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) is the main component in most foaming agents used for mechanized tunneling excavation. The process produces huge amounts of soil debris that can have a potential impact on ecosystems. The lack of accurate information about SLES persistence in excavated soil has aroused increasing concern about how it is recycled. The objective of this study was to assess SLES biodegradability in two commercial foaming agents (P1 and P2). Microcosm experiments were performed with two different soils collected from a tunnel construction site and conditioned with P1 or P2 (85.0 or 83.0 mg kg −1 of SLES, respectively). At selected times soil samples were collected for assessing the SLES residual concentration using Pressured Liquid Extraction followed by methylene blue active substance analysis (MBAS). Simultaneously, soil microbial abundance (DAPI counts), viability (Live/Dead method), activity (dehydrogenase analysis) and phylogenetic structure (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) were evaluated. SLES halved faster in the silty-clay soil (6 d) than in the gravel in a clay-silty-sand matrix (8–9 days). At day 28 it was degraded in both soils. Its biodegradation was ascribed to the significant increase in Gamma-Proteobacteria. At this time, the spoil material can be considered as a by-product.

Introduction: In December 2019, the first reported cases of the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2, the name of the respiratory syndrome caused by the new coronavirus, were initially detected in Wuhan, capital of the province of Central China. With erratic behavior and easy dissemination, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised the diasease to Pandemic status. It is necessary to adopt a series of preventive measures, such a social detachment. Social isolation, made Brazilian schools, colleges and universities interrupted their activities, thus, strategies became necessary for the maintenance of teaching and research activities, highlighting the substituion of presential teaching activities for remote ones. In this sense, all scientific research processes at universities were impacted by the pandemic. Therefore, within qualitative approaches, data collection strategies, including the use of the focus group (FG), also needed adptations. Goals The objective of the study was to report the data collection strategy through online FG in the context of the pandemic by COVID-19. Methods This is a descriptive study of the type of experience report on the use of FG in data collection, considering the pandemic situation by COVID-19 carried out thought the investigation of actions developed by the Multiprofessional Integrated Residency Programs (RIMS) in Public Health and Mental Health in municipality in the midwest region of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, from November to December 2020. Results The FG technique emerges as a qualitative approach to data collection and a bridge strategy for scientific research and local Knowledge. Conclusion It concluded, therefore, that the realization of the FG in the online modality can indeed be considered as alternative tool in pandemic scenarios such as those currently experienced, which result in the impossibility or reduction of holding face-to-face meeting.

Viola sect. Melanium, the so-called pansy, is an allopolyploid morphologically well-defined lineage of ca. 110 perennial and annual species in the northern hemisphere, characterized by markedly complex genomic configurations. Five annual pansies occur in Italy, four of which are morphologically very similar and belong to the informal ‘V. tricolor species complex’: V. arvensis (2n = 34), V. hymettia (2n = 16), V. kitaibeliana (2n = 16), and V. tricolor (2n = 26). Their field recognition is difficult and reflects a long-debated taxonomy often resulting in doubtful records in field inventories and across European herbaria. The current lack of comprehensive intra- and interspecific comparative studies and a relative scarcity of appropriate genetic markers coupled with unambiguous cytological descriptions are hindering clear taxa circumscription and phylogenetic inferences within this group. In this work, we tested DNA sequence variation of three highly variable plastid markers and High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) of the nuclear ribosomal 5S-IGS region in an attempt to decipher species identity within the V. tricolor species complex and to obtain an insight on their genome organization and evolution. Our results document the close relationships within this species group, a reliable molecular resolution for V. tricolor, and the common ancestry of V. arvensis and the poorly differentiated V. kitaibeliana and V. hymettia. Evidence of an important inter-population geographical divergence was recorded in V. tricolor and V. arvensis, pointing at the existence of different eco-cytotypes within these entities. Overall diversity patterns and the occurrence of two to four differently diverging 5S-IGS lineages are discussed in the light of the acknowledged taxonomy and genomic evolutive trajectories of sect. Melanium.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a complication of end stage liver disease (ESLD) and is manifested by severe hypoxemia, which usually responds to liver transplantation (LT). As compared to patients undergoing LT for other etiologies, patients with HPS present an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. There is no effective treatment for patients whose hypoxemia does not respond to LT. This subset of patients is at a highly increased risk of death. There are very few reports on the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in this setting with rapid response. However, there is no prior report of ECMO utilization for longer than 4 weeks. We present the case of a 17 year-old male patient who underwent LT for ESLD secondary to chronic portal vein thrombosis and HPS. He received a liver from a deceased donor and presented with severe HPS after LT, requiring ECMO support for 67 days. The patient was discharged home and is breathing in ambient air. He is currently asymptomatic and has a normal liver function.

This study aimed to disentangle the structure, composition, and co-occurrence relation-ships of the banana (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) root endophytome comparing two phenological plant stages: mother plants and suckers. Moreover, a collection of culturable root endophytes (>1000) was also generated from Canary Islands. In vitro antagonism assays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) races STR4 and TR4 enabled the identification and characterization of potential biocontrol agents (BCA). Eventually, three of them were selected and evaluated against Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) together with the well-known BCA Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 under controlled conditions. Culturable and non-culturable (high-throughput sequencing) approaches provided concordant information and showed low microbial diversity within the banana root en-dosphere. Pseudomonas appeared as the dominant genus and seemed to play an important role in the banana root endophytic microbiome according to co-occurrence networks. Fungal communities were dominated by the genera Ophioceras, Cyphellophora, Plecosphaerella, and Fusarium. Overall, significant differences were found between mother plants and suckers, suggesting that the phe-nological stage determines the recruitment and organization of the endophytic microbiome. While selected native banana endophytes showed clear antagonism against Foc strains, their biocontrol performance against FWB did not improve the outcome observed for a non-indigenous reference BCA (strain PICF7)., This study was supported by Project ‘MUSA’ (Microbial Uptakes for Sustainable management of major bananA pests and diseases), funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement Identifier: 727624).

Over the last decade, the topic of regional resilience has drawn the attention of public authorities due to the increasing number of natural disasters. The absence of a practical and concrete methodology makes it extremely difficult to evaluate resilience at the regional scale, which involves several concepts such as economics, social sciences, environment, etc. This paper proposes an indicator-based approach to assess the resilience assessment of Italian regions. A set of twelve indicators has been selected among publicly available census data. A time window of ten years was considered in the analysis. Three different resilience indexes were calculated for each region. The first is an overall measure of resilience, while the other two represent resilience during the emergency and the restoration phase following a disaster. Results highlight fundamental aspects that have a higher impact on regional resilience and can be used by decision-makers to effectively allocate resources. The procedure has also been extended to evaluate the regional epidemic risk which can be used as a preliminary tool to develop risk mitigation strategies against biological hazards.

[Background] Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) is caused by the soilborne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. One of the best VWO management measures is the use of tolerant/resistant olive cultivars. Knowledge on the olive-associated microbiome and its potential relationship with tolerance to biotic constraints is almost null. The aims of this work are (1) to describe the structure, functionality, and co-occurrence interactions of the belowground (root endosphere and rhizosphere) microbial communities of two olive cultivars qualified as tolerant (Frantoio) and susceptible (Picual) to VWO, and (2) to assess whether these communities contribute to their differential disease susceptibility level., [Results] Minor differences in alpha and beta diversities of root-associated microbiota were detected between olive cultivars regardless of whether they were inoculated or not with the defoliating pathotype of V. dahliae. Nevertheless, significant differences were found in taxonomic composition of non-inoculated plants’ communities, “Frantoio” showing a higher abundance of beneficial genera in contrast to “Picual” that exhibited major abundance of potential deleterious genera. Upon inoculation with V. dahliae, significant changes at taxonomic level were found mostly in Picual plants. Relevant topological alterations were observed in microbial communities’ co-occurrence interactions after inoculation, both at structural and functional level, and in the positive/negative edges ratio. In the root endosphere, Frantoio communities switched to highly connected and low modularized networks, while Picual communities showed a sharply different behavior. In the rhizosphere, V. dahliae only irrupted in the microbial networks of Picual plants., [Conclusions] The belowground microbial communities of the two olive cultivars are very similar and pathogen introduction did not provoke significant alterations in their structure and functionality. However, notable differences were found in their networks in response to the inoculation. This phenomenon was more evident in the root endosphere communities. Thus, a correlation between modifications in the microbial networks of this microhabitat and susceptibility/tolerance to a soilborne pathogen was found. Moreover, V. dahliae irruption in the Picual microbial networks suggests a stronger impact on the belowground microbial communities of this cultivar upon inoculation. Our results suggest that changes in the co-occurrence interactions may explain, at least partially, the differential VWO susceptibility of the tested olive cultivars., Supported by grant AGL2016-75729-C2-1-R from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad/Agencia Estatal de Investigación, and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).