1. Expanding the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum in a diverse cohort of 104 individuals with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome
- Author
-
Sheppard, Sarah E, Campbell, Ian M, Harr, Margaret H, Gold, Nina, Li, Dong, Bjornsson, Hans T, Cohen, Julie S, Fahrner, Jill A, Fatemi, Ali, Harris, Jacqueline R, Nowak, Catherine, Stevens, Cathy A, Grand, Katheryn, Au, Margaret, Graham, John M, Sanchez-Lara, Pedro A, Campo, Miguel Del, Jones, Marilyn C, Abdul-Rahman, Omar, Alkuraya, Fowzan S, Bassetti, Jennifer A, Bergstrom, Katherine, Bhoj, Elizabeth, Dugan, Sarah, Kaplan, Julie D, Derar, Nada, Gripp, Karen W, Hauser, Natalie, Innes, A Micheil, Keena, Beth, Kodra, Neslida, Miller, Rebecca, Nelson, Beverly, Nowaczyk, Malgorzata J, Rahbeeni, Zuhair, Ben-Shachar, Shay, Shieh, Joseph T, Slavotinek, Anne, Sobering, Andrew K, Abbott, Mary-Alice, Allain, Dawn C, Amlie-Wolf, Louise, Au, Ping Yee Billie, Bedoukian, Emma, Beek, Geoffrey, Barry, James, Berg, Janet, Bernstein, Jonathan A, Cytrynbaum, Cheryl, Chung, Brian Hon-Yin, Donoghue, Sarah, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Eaton, Alison, Flores-Daboub, Josue A, Dubbs, Holly, Felix, Carolyn A, Fong, Chin-To, Fung, Jasmine Lee Fong, Gangaram, Balram, Goldstein, Amy, Greenberg, Rotem, Ha, Thoa K, Hersh, Joseph, Izumi, Kosuke, Kallish, Staci, Kravets, Elijah, Kwok, Pui-Yan, Jobling, Rebekah K, Knight Johnson, Amy E, Kushner, Jessica, Lee, Bo Hoon, Levin, Brooke, Lindstrom, Kristin, Manickam, Kandamurugu, Mardach, Rebecca, McCormick, Elizabeth, McLeod, D Ross, Mentch, Frank D, Minks, Kelly, Muraresku, Colleen, Nelson, Stanley F, Porazzi, Patrizia, Pichurin, Pavel N, Powell-Hamilton, Nina N, Powis, Zoe, Ritter, Alyssa, Rogers, Caleb, Rohena, Luis, Ronspies, Carey, Schroeder, Audrey, Stark, Zornitza, Starr, Lois, Stoler, Joan, Suwannarat, Pim, Velinov, Milen, Weksberg, Rosanna, Wilnai, Yael, Zadeh, Neda, Zand, Dina J, and Falk, Marni J
- Subjects
Steiner syndrome ,Clinical Sciences ,Hypertrichosis ,Black People ,White People ,Rare Diseases ,Loss of Function Mutation ,Clinical Research ,Intellectual Disability ,Wiedemann‐ ,Genetics ,Humans ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,syndromic intellectual disability ,Aetiology ,syndromic short stature ,Growth Disorders ,Genetic Association Studies ,Retrospective Studies ,Pediatric ,Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome ,Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ,KMT2A ,Failure to Thrive ,Brain Disorders ,Congenital Structural Anomalies ,MLL1 ,Constipation ,Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein - Abstract
Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WSS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by monoallelic variants in KMT2A and characterized by intellectual disability and hypertrichosis. We performed a retrospective, multicenter, observational study of 104 individuals with WSS from five continents to characterize the clinical and molecular spectrum of WSS in diverse populations, to identify physical features that may be more prevalent in White versus Black Indigenous People of Color individuals, to delineate genotype-phenotype correlations, to define developmental milestones, to describe the syndrome through adulthood, and to examine clinicians' differential diagnoses. Sixty-nine of the 82 variants (84%) observed in the study were not previously reported in the literature. Common clinical features identified in the cohort included: developmental delay or intellectual disability (97%), constipation (63.8%), failure to thrive (67.7%), feeding difficulties (66.3%), hypertrichosis cubiti (57%), short stature (57.8%), and vertebral anomalies (46.9%). The median ages at walking and first words were 20 months and 18 months, respectively. Hypotonia was associated with loss of function (LoF) variants, and seizures were associated with non-LoF variants. This study identifies genotype-phenotype correlations as well as race-facial feature associations in an ethnically diverse cohort, and accurately defines developmental trajectories, medical comorbidities, and long-term outcomes in individuals with WSS.
- Published
- 2021