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Amaç: Kapasite olmuş spermin fertilizasyon kapasitesininzamanla üstsel olarak düştüğü bilinmesine rağmen bunun nedenihala araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmada amaç; uzamış inkübasyonunve sıcaklığın sperm fertilizasyon kapasitesi üzerinde etkisinihareketlilik ve oosit aktivasyon faktörü olarak kabul edilenfosfolipaz C-zeta (PLCZ) ile değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: On altı infertil erkek hastadan, ciddioligoasthenospermisi olmayan 11’inin semenlerine dansitegradyan yıkaması uygulandı. Ardından örnekler bölünerek 3 günoda sıcaklığında veya 37°C’de kültüre edildi. Örnekler hareketlilik,PLCZ boyanma yüzdesi ve yoğunluğu açısından günlük olarakdeğerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hem oda sıcaklığı, hem de vücut sıcaklığında herüç parametrede de zamanla azalma gözlendi. Özellikle günler arasıhareketlilikteki değişim ile PLCZ boyanan sperm yüzdesindekideğişim arasında güçlü bir korelasyon bulundu, ancak bukorelasyon zamanla azalmakta idi.Sonuç: İnkübasyon süresinin uzamasıyla, PLCZ boyanmaparametreleri ve hareketlilik arasında korelasyon görülmektedir.PLCZ boyanmasının semen analizi ile rutinde kullanımı, özellikleaçıklanamayan infertilite ve fertilizasyon başarısızlığı vakalarınınspermlerinin fertilizasyon kapasitesinin belirlenmesinde yararsağlayabilecek ve yardımcı üreme teknileri (YÜT) sikluslarındakibaşarıyı artırabilecektir., Objective: Fertilization capacity of capacitated sperm decreasesexponentially over time, but the reason is still under investigation.The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of prolongedincubation and temperature on sperm fertilization capacity withmotility and staining parameters of phospholipase C-zeta (PLCZ),which is considered to be the oocyte activation factor.Materials and Methods: Density gradient washingwas applied to semen of 11 infertile patients without severeoligoasthenospermia out of 16 patients. The samples were dividedand cultured either at room temperature or at 37°C for 3 days. Thespermatozoons were evaluated for motility, PLCZ staining andintensity daily.Results: All parameters decreased both at room and bodytemperature with increased incubation time. There was a strongcorrelation between the change in motility and in the percentageof PLCZ stained sperms, but this correlation decreased withincubation time.Conclusion: Prolonged incubation results show the correlationbetween PLCZ staining parameters and motility. Routine use ofPLCZ staining together with semen analysis, will be useful topredict fertilization capacity of the sperm especially for unexplainedinfertility and fertilization failure cases, and also can increase thesuccess of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) cycles.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa (NS) oil form on reducing the damage caused by indomethacin in the stomach and duodenum of rats owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. MATERIAL and METHODS The rats were divided into 4 groups: group 1, saline-treated control group; group 2, NS-treated control group; group 3, saline-treated ulcer group and ulcers caused by indomethacin (30 mg/kg) and administration of physiological serum; group 4, NS-treated ulcer group, which is the group receiving NS oil after administration of indomethacin. At the end of the study, blood samples collected from animals were examined for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO),and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in gastric and intestinal tissue samples. RESULTS Levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in serum and MDA and MPO values in tissue were found to be higher in the saline-treated ulcer group than in the saline-treated control group. In addition, tissue GSH and Na+/K+-ATPase levels were found to be lower. These values were found to be reversed when comparing NS-treated ulcer group to saline-treated ulcer group. Histopathological findings showed epithelial regeneration and improvement instead of dense tissue damage. CONCLUSION The strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of NS against potential small intestine and gastric damage were shown using an experimental indomethacin-induced ulcer model in rats. Hence, our study suggests that NS used together with indomethacin can prevent gastrointestinal damage; thus, this agent can create a new clinical therapeutic principle.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calorie restriction (CR) and swimming exercise (SW) on oxidative injury in kidney and bladder tissues, in rats with metabolic syndrome (MS). 3-months old rats were divided into five; Control, MS, MS+CR, MS+SW, MS+CR+SW. The metabolic syndrome model was created using 10% fructose solution in drinking water for three months. Afterwards, SW and 40% CR were applied for six weeks. Blood glucose measurements were performed at the beginning, the third month and the end of experiment. After decapitation, blood, kidney and bladder samples were collected. Cytokine levels, antioxidant and oxidative stress parameters were examined. There was a remarkable change in blood glucose levels in MS+CR+SW group. Fructose-induced increased TNF-alpha and decreased ADP levels in plasma were reversed in CR, SW, and CR+SW groups. MDA levels were increased, while SOD and ADP levels were decreased in renal and bladder tissues in MS group. CR and SW significantly reversed all parameters in both tissues. Moreover, caspase activity increased in both tissues in MS group. CR decreased the caspase activity in kidney tissue, and in bladder tissues caspase activity significantly decreased with both CR and SW. Western blot analysis showed an increased caspase-3 protein expression in both tissues which was reversed by CR, SW, and CR+SW. The results of our study showed that MS disrupts the balance of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma and causes oxidant damage in urinary tissues. Calorie restriction and exercise are protective against the damage caused by MS.

karagulle, onur olgac/0000-0002-1575-5751 WOS:000509485100002 PubMed ID: 31345657 Background/Objective: The present study investigated the potent therapeutic effects of Ruscogenin, main steroid sapogenin of traditional Chinese plant called 'Ophiopogon japonicas', on chronic ulcer model established with acetic acid in rats. Methods: 24 rats were attenuated to the sham (2 ml/kg/day isotonic solution), control (untreated ulcer) and treatment (3 ml/kg/day ruscogenin) groups. After treatment for 2 weeks, gastric tissues were collected and prepared for light microscopic (H&E), immunohistochemical (Collagen I, III and IV) and biochemical analysis [Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin 6 and 8 (IL-6 and IL-8), Lipid Peroxidase (LPO), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Glutathione (GSH) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)] and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Macroscopic scoring showed that the ulceration area of ruscogenin-treated group decreased compared with control group. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed ruscogenin ameliorated and restored the levels of Collagen I and IV to the levels of sham group. Tissue levels of EGF and PGE2 enhanced significantly in untreated ulcer group while were higher in treated ulcer group than the control group. TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, LPO, MPO levels increased significantly in control group whereas decreased in treated rats after ruscogenin treatment. However, levels of GSH and GSH-Px increased significantly in treatment group. TEM showed chief cells and parietal cells of ulcer group having degenerated organelles while ruscogenin group had normal ultrastructure of cells. Conclusion: There are potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of ruscogenin on gastric ulcer and may be successfully used as a safe and therapeutic agent in treatment of peptic ulcer. (C) 2019 Asian Surgical Association and Taiwan Robotic Surgery Association. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. Research and Development Expenses Account under Circulating Capital Budget of University of Health Science Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey [2016/12] The present project was supported by Research and Development Expenses Account under Circulating Capital Budget of University of Health Science Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (Project No: 2016/12).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate possible protective effects of St. John's wort in the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Material and Methods: The hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct were all clamped for 45 minutes to induce ischemia in rats, and after that reperfusion for 1 hour. SJW was administrated orally, once a day for 3 days before ischemia/reperfusion. The aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin levels were measured in the serum samples. Luminol chemiluminescence, lucigenin luminol chemiluminescence levels; myeloperoxidase. The sodium-potassium ATPase (Na+/K+ ATPase) activity was determined in the liver tissue, and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity with the bcl-2/bax ratio were measured by the western blot analysis. Results: The St. John's wort administration recovered the aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor, and IL-1 beta levels serum parameters meaningfully, while ischemia/reperfusion caused an increase in luminol chemiluminescence, lucigenin luminol chemiluminescence, myeloperoxidase, caspase-3, and caspase-9 activity and led to a decrease in the B-cell lymphoma-2/bcl-2-associated X protein (bcl-2/bax) ratio and the Na+/K+ ATPase activity. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate protective effects of St. John's wort on the ischemia/reperfusion injury through various mechanisms, and we are able to suggest that St. John's wort can clinically create a new therapeutic principle.

WOS: 000443568400006, PubMed ID: 29973698, Radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PC) can cause erectile dysfunction (ED) by damaging neurovascular structures with oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated the effects of resveratrol, an antioxidant, on post-RT ED. Fifty rats in five groups were evaluated; control (C), prostate-confined radiotherapy with short- and long-term vehicle or resveratrol treatment. Cavernosal tissues were obtained to analyze glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), caspase-3 activities, sirtuin-1, Foxo-3, nNOS, and eNOS protein expressions. Intracavernosal pressures (ICP) were measured for the long-term treatment group. In the RT long-term vehicle treatment group, tissue GSH, NO, cGMP, and SOD activity were decreased while 8-OHdg levels and caspase-3 activities were increased. Radiotherapy caused a decrease in sirtuin-1, nNOS, and eNOS protein expressions. These parameters were reversed by resveratrol treatment. Foxo-3 protein expressions were unaltered in the RT + short-term vehicle treatment group and started to increase as a defense mechanism in the RT long-term vehicle group; however, resveratrol treatment caused a significant increase in Foxo-3 expressions. Resveratrol preserved the metabolic pathways involved in erectile function and provided functional protection. Resveratrol can be used as a supplementary agent in patients undergoing radiotherapy to preserve erectile function., Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Committee [SAG-B-100914-0311], This study was supported by Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Committee with the grant number SAG-B-100914-0311.

WOS:000500944000001 PubMed ID: 31824881 Purpose: To determine the potential protective and therapeutic effects and action mechanism of ruscogenin on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) model in rats. Methods: Overall, 32 rats were attenuated to the sham (2-mL/kg/day isotonic solution for 4 weeks), control (20-mu g/kg cerulein-induced AP for 12 hours), prophylaxis groups (cerulein-induced AP following 3-mL/kg/day ruscogenin for 4 weeks) and treatment (3-mL/kg/day ruscogenin following cerulein-induced AP for 12 hours). Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1/neuronal NOS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). After sacrification, pancreas tissues were collected and prepared for light microscopic (hematoxylin and eosin), immunohistochemical (nuclear factor kappa B) and biochemical analysis (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin-6 and 1 beta [IL-6 and IL-1 beta], CRP, high-sensitivity CRP [hs-CRP] amylase, lipase, and ICAM-1). Ultrastructural analysis was performed by transmission electron microscopy. Results: The protective and therapeutic actions of ruscogenin were accomplished by improvements in histopathology, by decreasing blood cytokine levels of CRP, hs-CRP levels, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, ICAM-1, by reducing the pancreatic enzymes amylase and lipase in blood, and by suppressing the expression of nuclear factor kappa B, ICAM-1, and NOS-1, but not MDA in pancreatic tissues. Ruscogenin also improved cerulein-induced ultrastructural degenerations in endocrine and exocrine cells, especially in treatment group. Conclusion: The present findings have demonstrated the beneficial protective and therapeutical effects of ruscogenin, nominating it as a highly promising supplementary agent to be considered in the treatment of AP, and even as a protective agent against the damages induced by disease. Research and Development Expenses Account under Circulating Capital Budget of University of Health Science Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital [2016/24] The present project was supported by Research and Development Expenses Account under Circulating Capital Budget of University of Health Science Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital (Project No: 2016/24). Authors thank to Assoc. Prof. Ilknur Dag from Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey, for the analysis by transmission electron microscopy.

WOS: 000443777500011, PubMed ID: 29226987, Aims: Urethral stricture (US) formation is caused by fibrosis after excessive collagen formation following an injury or trauma to the urethra. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on a urethral injury (UI) model of male rats. Methods: A UI model was used by applying a coagulation current to the urethras of male rats. There were four groups with six rats in each: control group, PRP applied to naive urethra, UI group, and UI with PRP application. PRP was applied to the urethra after a coagulation current-induced injury as soon as possible. On the 14th day, all rats were sacrificed and urethral tissues were investigated for collagen type I, collagen type III, platelet-derived growth factor-alpha, platelet-derived growth factor-beta, and transforming growth factor-beta using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The effect of urethral damage and healing was evaluated for collagen type I-to-collagen type III ratio. Results: The collagen type I-to-collagen type III ratio was significantly higher in UI group (P < 0.05) than in the others, while UI with PRP application group had comparable results with the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that PRP has a preventive effect on stricture formation in a UI model of rats, as shown by its effect on collagen synthesis. Further studies that eventually show the effects of PRP on human tissues are necessary and promising., Istanbul Bilim University Medical Faculty Foundation

WOS: 000337163600001, PubMed ID: 24936835, BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of captopril treatment against oxidative damage in heart and lung tissues induced by burn injury. METHODS: Under ether anesthesia, the shaved dorsum of Wistar albino rats was exposed to 90 C water bath for 10 seconds. Captopril was administered intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg) after the burn injury and repeated twice daily. In the sham group, the dorsum was dipped in a 25 C water bath for 10 seconds. At the end of the 24 hours, echocardiographic recordings were performed, then animals were decapitated and heart and lung tissue samples were taken for the determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, malondialdehyde and glutathione levels and myeloperoxidase, caspase-3, and Na+, K+-ATPase activity in addition to the histological analysis. RESULTS: Burn injury caused significant alterations in left ventricular function. In heart and lung tissues, TNF-a and malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 activities were found to be increased, while glutathione levels and Na+, K+-ATPase activity were decreased due to burn injury. Captopril treatment significantly elevated the reduced glutathione level and Na+, K+-ATPase activity, and decreased cytokine and malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 activities. CONCLUSION: Captopril prevents burn-induced damage in heart and lung tissues and protects against oxidative organ damage.

Treatment for dental avulsion cases is early or late replantation of the traumatized teeth. Prognosis of the replanted tooth depends on the level of periodontal injury. Adipose tissue stem cells (ATSCs) were reported to improve periodontal ligament tissue (PDL) regeneration. Fibrin sealant (FS) contains thrombin and fibrinogen to form an adhesive fibrin clot routinely used in surgical procedures. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of ATSCs + FS treatment on healing of PDL after tooth replantation in a rat model. After 60 min of extraction, maxillary central incisor teeth were replanted with ATSCs + FS. Two months later, the rats were sacrificed and hemimaxilla blocks were dissected out for histological analysis. The results showed that there was a significant improvement in histological findings of ATSCs + FS treated group compared to only FS treated and non-treated groups corresponding to reduced inflammatory resorption and increased new PDL formation. Furthermore, the ankylosis levels were lowered after ATSCs + FS treatment. Singular use of FS improved PDL healing moderately. Our results indicated that ATSCs + FS treatment improves PDL healing after tooth replantation suggesting a new therapeutic potential in the treatment of dental avulsion cases.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine possible protective effect of betaine treatment against oxidative injury in pulmonary tissue induced with thermal trauma. METHODS: Under ether anesthesia, shaved dorsum of Wistar albino rats was exposed to a 90 degrees C water bath for 10 seconds to induce burn injury. Betaine was administered orally (250 mg/kg) for a period of 21 days before burn injury, and single dose of betaine was administered after thermal injury. Control group rats were exposed to 25 degrees C water bath for 10 seconds. Upon conclusion of experiment, rats were decapitated and blood was collected for analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Lung tissue samples were taken to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, in addition to histological analysis. RESULTS: Burn injury caused significant increase in both cytokine levels and LDH activity. In lung samples, raised MDA levels, MPO activity, and reduced GSH levels and Na+/K+-ATPase activity were found due to burn injury. CONCLUSION: Treatment of rats with betaine significantly restored GSH level and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and decreased MDA level and MPO activity. According to the findings of the present study, betaine significantly diminishes burn-induced damage in tissue.

Antiepileptik ve antikonvulzan etkili bir ilac olan valproik asit (VPA) oksidan ureminde artisa neden oldugundan toksik yan etkilere sahiptir. Bu calismanin amaci guclu bir serbest radikal yakalayicisi olan edaravonun VPA’nin yol actigi toksisite ve doku hasari uzerine etkilerini biyokimyasal ve histolojik olarak arastirmaktir. Disi Spraque Dawley turu sicanlar kontrol, edaravon (30 mg kg-1 gun-1), VPA (0.5 mg kg-1 gun- 1), VPA+edaravon (ayni dozlarda) olmak uzere dort gruba ayrildi. VPA ve edaravon intraperitonal olarak 7 gun boyunca verildi. Total protein, lipit peroksidasyon (LPO), siyalik asit (SA) ve glutatyon (GSH) duzeyleri ve alkalen fosfataz (ALP), doku faktoru (DF), superoksit dismutaz (SOD), glutatyon- S-transferaz (GST), katalaz (KAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) ve miyeloperoksidaz (MPO) aktiviteleri pankreas homojenatlarinda olculdu. LPO ve SA duzeyleri ve ALP, DF ve MPO aktiviteleri kontrol grubuna gore kiyaslandiginda VPA grubunda anlamli olarak artti. GST, KAT ve GPx aktiviteleri kontrol grubuna gore kiyaslandiginda VPA grubunda anlamli olarak azaldi. VPA grubunda morfolojik olarak belirgin bir hasar tespit edildi. Edaravonun olumlu etkisi SA, DF, KAT ve GPx parametrelerinde ve histolojik incelemede gozlemlendi. Bu nedenle, edaravon VPA’nin pankreastaki zararli etkilerinin giderilmesinde ve/veya azaltilmasinda yararli olabilir.