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1. Core outcome set for clinical studies of postoperative ileus after intestinal surgery

Author

Chapman, SJ, Lee, MJ, Blackwell, S, Arnott, R, ten Broek, RPG, Delaney, CP, Dudi-Venkata, NN, Fish, R, Hind, D, Jayne, DG, Mellor, K, Mishra, A, O'Grady, G, Sammour, T, Thorpe, G, Wells, C, Wolthuis, AM, Fearnhead, NS, Adegbola, S, Bagaglini, G, Bath, M, Bibby, N, Bisset, C, Blefari, N, Blencowe, NS, Bolton, W, Bulte, JP, Burch, J, Campanelli, M, Cano-Valderrama, O, Carver, J, Challand, C, Chan, S, Chandler, S, Clerc, D, Coe, P, Cox, D, Cross, KLR, Culkin, A, Cuthill, V, Daniels, S, Dawson, A, Dawson, L, Dixon, F, Downey, C, Drake, T, Duff, S, Dunning, G, Espin-Basany, E, Evans, MD, Fakhrul-Aldeen, M, Fisher, N, Fleetwood-Beresford, S, Gallo, G, Garoufalia, Z, George, R, Han, J, Harji, D, Harmston, R, Harris, DA, Mohammed, M, Helliwell, J, Hepburn, J, Herrod, P, Horwood, N, Keane, C, Kelly, S, Kroon, HM, Lonsdale, MDS, Major, G, Mattison, J, McLean, A Lawson, Millan, M, Limbert, S, McDermott, F, Mehraj, A, Moriarty, C, Moug, S, Murray, E, Naylor, M, Nepogodiev, D, Oliver, J, Pandey, D, Pata, F, Paterson, HM, Peckham-Cooper, A, Pellino, G, Pockney, P, Proctor, VK, Proud, D, Rew, V, Rutegard, M, Sahnan, K, Sayers, A, Siragusa, L, Smillie, RW, Spratt, J, Swain, D, Taylor, S, Tejedor, P, Thomas, O, Thompson, J, Tsimogiannis, K, Tuohey, D, Vissapragada, R, Younis, MU, Vaughan-Shaw, PG, Whyte, K, Wheelband, K, Williams, A, Yates, A, Young, R, Group, Tripartite Gastrointestinal Recovery Post-operative IIeus, Chapman, S J, Lee, M J, Blackwell, S, Arnott, R, ten Broek, R P G, Delaney, C P, Dudi-Venkata, N N, Fish, R, Hind, D, Jayne, D G, Mellor, K, Mishra, A, O’Grady, G, Sammour, T, Thorpe, G, Wells, C I, Wolthuis, A M, Fearnhead, N S, Adegbola, S, Bagaglini, G, Bath, M, Bibby, N, Bisset, C, Blefari, N, Blencowe, N S, Bolton, W, Bulte, J P, Burch, J, Campanelli, M, Cano-Valderrama, O, Carver, J, Challand, C, Chan, S, Chandler, S, Clerc, D, Coe, P, Cox, D, Cross, K L R, Culkin, A, Cuthill, V, Daniels, S, Dawson, A, Dawson, L, Dixon, F, Downey, C, Drake, T, Duff, S, Dunning, G, Espin-Basany, E, Evans, M D, Fakhrul-Aldeen, M, Fisher, N, Fleetwood-Beresford, S, Gallo, G, Garoufalia, Z, George, R, Han, J, Harji, D, Harmston, R, Harris, D A, Mohammed, M, Helliwell, J, Hepburn, J, Herrod, P, Horwood, N, Keane, C, Kelly, S, Kroon, H M, Lonsdale, M D S, Major, G, Mattison, J, Lawson McLean, A, Millan, M, Limbert, S, Mcdermott, F, Mehraj, A, Moriarty, C, Moug, S, Murray, E, Naylor, M, Nepogodiev, D, Oliver, J, Pandey, D, Pata, F, Paterson, H M, Peckham-Cooper, A, Pellino, G, Pockney, P, Proctor, V K, Proud, D, Rew, V, Rutegård, M, Sahnan, K, Sayers, A, Siragusa, L, Smillie, R W, Spratt, J, Swain, D, Taylor, S, Tejedor, P, Thomas, O, Thompson, J, Tsimogiannis, K, Tuohey, D, Vissapragada, R, Younis, M U, Vaughan-Shaw, P G, Whyte, K, Wheelband, K, Williams, A, Yates, A, and Young, R

Subjects
Science & Technology, Ileus, Postoperative Complications, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Surgery, Postoperative Complication, Digestive System Surgical Procedure, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Human
Abstract

ispartof: BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY vol:109 issue:6 pages:493-496 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2022
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2. 2D Reconstruction of Magnetotail Electron Diffusion Region Measured by MMS

Author

Schroeder, J. M., Egedal, J., Cozzani, G., Khotyaintsev, Yu, Daughton, W., Denton, R. E., Burch, J. L., Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Department of Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics, and Space Physics Research Group

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Geophysics, Geofysik, Physics - Space Physics, Magnetic reconnection, Anomalous resistivity, FOS: Physical sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract

Models for collisionless magnetic reconnection in near-Earth space are distinctly characterized as 2D or 3D. In 2D kinetic models, the frozen-in law for the electron fluid is usually broken by laminar dynamics involving structures set by the electron orbit size, while in 3D models the width of the electron diffusion region is broadened by turbulent effects. We present an analysis of in situ spacecraft observations from the Earth's magnetotail of a fortuitous encounter with an active reconnection region, mapping the observations onto a 2D spatial domain. While the event likely was perturbed by low-frequency 3D dynamics, the structure of the electron diffusion region remains consistent with results from a 2D kinetic simulation. As such, the event represents a unique validation of 2D kinetic, and laminar reconnection models., Comment: Accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters. Copyright 2022 American Geophysical Union. Further reproduction or electronic distribution is not permitted. 11 pages. 5 figures

Published
2022
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3. Thin current sheet behind the dipolarization front

Author

Nakamura, Baumjohann, M., T. K., Panov, Schmid, Varsani, Apatenkov, S., Sergeev, V. A., Birn, J., Nagai, T., Gabrielse, C., Andre, M., Burch, J. L., Carr, C., Dandouras, I. S, Escoubet, C. P., A, Fazakerley, N., Giles, B. L., Contel, O. Le, Russell, C. T., Torbert, R. B., Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Uppsala University, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Flow (psychology), Mesoscale meteorology, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Wedge (geometry), Current sheet, Physics - Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Substorm, Perpendicular, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Front (oceanography), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Computational physics, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Current (fluid), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; We report a unique conjugate observation of fast flows and associated current sheet disturbances in the near-Earth magnetotail by MMS (Magnetospheric Multiscale) and Cluster preceding a positive bay onset of a small substorm at ∼14:10 UT, September 8, 2018. MMS and Cluster were located both at X ∼ −14 RE. A dipolarization front (DF) of a localized fast flow was detected by Cluster and MMS, separated in the dawn-dusk direction by ∼4 RE, almost simultaneously. Adiabatic electron acceleration signatures revealed from the comparison of the energy spectra confirm that both spacecraft encounter the same DF. We analyzed the change in the current sheet structure based on multi-scale multi-point data analysis. The current sheet thickened during the passage of DF, yet, temporally thinned subsequently associated with another flow enhancement centered more on the dawnward side of the initial flow. MMS and Cluster observed intense perpendicular and parallel current in the off-equatorial region mainly during this interval of the current sheet thinning. Maximum field-aligned currents both at MMS and Cluster are directed tailward. Detailed analysis of MMS data showed that the intense field-aligned currents consisted of multiple small-scale intense current layers accompanied by enhanced Hall-currents in the dawn-dusk flow-shear region. We suggest that the current sheet thinning is related to the flow bouncing process and/or to the expansion/activation of reconnection. Based on these mesoscale and small-scale multipoint observations, 3D evolution of the flow and current-sheet disturbances was inferred preceding the development of a substorm current wedge.

Published
2022
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4. Reconnection With Magnetic Flux Pileup at the Interface of Converging Jets at the Magnetopause

Author

Oieroset, M., Phan, T. D., Drake, J. F., Eastwood, J. P., Fuselier, S. A., Strangeway, R. J., Haggerty, C., Shay, M. A., Wang, S., Chen, L.‐J., Kacem, I., Lavraud, B., Angelopoulos, V., Burch, J. L., Torbert, R. B., Ergun, R. E., Khotyaintsev, Y., Lindqvist, P. A., Gershman, D. J., Giles, B. L., Pollock, C., Moore, T. E., Russell, C. T., Avanov, L. A., Paterson, W., Oka, Mitsuo, Saito, Yoshifumi, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, SHEAR EVIDENCE, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, PLASMA BETA, Current sheet, DEPENDENCE, Physics::Plasma Physics, MD Multidisciplinary, TOPOLOGY, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, FIELD, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Geology, Magnetic flux, Computational physics, MMS OBSERVATIONS, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physical Sciences, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Magnetopause
Abstract

著者人数: 27名, Accepted: 2019-01-15, 資料番号: SA1180269000

Published
2019
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5. Reconstruction of the Electron Diffusion Region of Magnetotail Reconnection Seen by the MMS Spacecraft on 11 July 2017

Author

Denton, R. E., Nakamura, R., Genestreti, K. J., Hwang, K.‐J., Phan, T. D., Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., Giles, B. L., Gershman, D. J., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Lindqvist, P.‐A., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Ergun, R. E., Hasegawa, Hiroshi, Nakamura, T. K. M., Kitamura, Naritoshi, and Saito, Yoshifumi

Subjects
Physics, Geophysics, Spacecraft, Space and Planetary Science, business.industry, Event (relativity), Physics::Space Physics, Magnetic reconnection, Electron, Diffusion (business), business, Computational physics
Abstract

著者人数: 18名, Accepted: 2018-11-03, 資料番号: SA1180295000

Published
2019
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6. Direct measurements of two-way wave-particle energy transfer in a collisionless space plasma

Author

Gershman, D. J., Vinas, A. F., Giles, B. L., Moore, T. E., Paterson, W. R., Pollock, C. J., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Fuselier, S. A., Burch, J. L., Kitamura, Naritoshi, Kitahara, Masahiro, Shoji, Masafumi, Miyoshi, Yoshizumi, Hasegawa, Hiroshi, Nakamura, Satoko, Katoh, Yuto, Saito, Yoshifumi, Yokota, Shoichiro, Paterson, William R., Russell, Christopher T., and Burch, James L.

Subjects
Physics, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Waves in plasmas, Cyclotron, Cyclotron resonance, Magnetosphere, Plasma, 01 natural sciences, Ion, law.invention, Computational physics, Particle acceleration, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysical plasma, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 19名, Accepted: 2018-07-04, 資料番号: SA1180092000

Published
2018
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7. Lower hybrid waves in the ion diffusion and magnetospheric inflow regions

Author

Graham, D. B., Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Norgren, C., Vaivads, A., Andre, M., Toledo-Redondo, S., Lindqvist, P. -A., Marklund, G. T., Ergun, R. E., Paterson, W. R., Gershman, D. J., Giles, B. L., Pollock, C. J., Dorelli, J. C., Avanov, L. A., Lavraud, B., Magnes, W., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., and Saito, Yoshifumi

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetic reconnection, Inflow, Geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Physics::Plasma Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Diffusion (business), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 22名, Accepted: 2016-12-13, 資料番号: SA1170046000

Published
2017
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8. Electron Vorticity Indicative of the Electron Diffusion Region of Magnetic Reconnection

Author

Hwang, K. -J., Choi, E., Dokgo, K., Burch, J. L., Sibeck, D. G., Giles, B. L., Goldstein, M. L., Paterson, W. R., Pollock, C. J., Shi, Q. Q., Fu, H., Gershman, D. J., Khotyaintsev, Y., Torbert, R. B., Ergun, R. E., Dorelli, J. C., Avanov, L., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., and Hasegawa, Hiroshi

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, electron vorticity, electron diffusion region, Electron, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Current sheet, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, current sheet, Plasma Sheet, Research Letter, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Magnetospheric Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, magnetotail, Geofysik, Magnetospheric Configuration and Dynamics, Magnetic reconnection, Plasma, Space physics, Vorticity, Research Letters, Computational physics, Magnetic field, Geophysics, magnetic reconnection, Physics::Space Physics, reconnection, Magnetotail Boundary Layers, Space Plasma Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Outflow, Space Sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 20名, Accepted: 2019-05-28, 資料番号: SA1190061000

Published
2019

9. Solar System Ice Giants: Exoplanets in our Backyard

Author

Rymer, A, Mandt, K, Hurley, D, Lisse, C, Izenberg, N, Smith, HT, Westlake, J, Bunce, E, Arridge, C, Masters, A, Hofstadter, M, Simon, A, Brandt, P, Clark, G, Cohen, I, Allen, R, Vine, S, Hansen, K, Hospodarsky, G, Kurth, W, Romani, P, Lamy, L, Zarka, P, Cao, H, Paty, C, Hedman, M, Roussos, E, Cruikshank, D, Farrell, W, Fieseler, P, Coates, A, Yelle, R, Parkinson, C, Militzer, B, Grodent, D, Kollmann, P, McNutt, R, André, N, Strange, N, Barnes, J, Dones, L, Denk, T, Rathbun, J, Lunine, J, Desai, R, Cochrane, C, Sayanagi, KM, Postberg, F, Ebert, R, Hill, T, Mueller-Wodarg, I, Regoli, L, Pontius, D, Stanley, S, Greathouse, T, Saur, J, Marouf, E, Bergman, J, Higgins, C, Johnson, R, Thomsen, M, Soderlund, K, Jia, X, Wilson, R, Englander, J, Burch, J, Nordheim, T, Grava, C, Baines, K, Quick, L, Russell, C, Cravens, T, Cecconi, B, Aslam, S, Bray, V, Garcia-Sage, K, Richardson, J, Clark, J, Hsu, S, Achterberg, R, Sergis, N, Paganelli, F, Kempf, S, Orton, G, Portyankina, G, Jones, G, Economou, T, Livengood, T, Krimigi, S, Szalay, J, Jackman, C, Valek, P, Lecacheux, A, Colwell, J, Jasinski, J, Tosi, F, Sulaiman, A, Galand, M, Kotova, A, Khurana, K, Kivelson, M, Strobel, D, Radiota, A, Estrada, P, Livi, S, Azari, A, Yates, J, Allegrini, F, Vogt, M, Felici, M, Luhmann, J, Filacchione, G, and Moore, L

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, astro-ph.EP, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Future remote sensing of exoplanets will be enhanced by a thorough investigation of our solar system Ice Giants (Neptune-size planets). What can the configuration of the magnetic field tell us (remotely) about the interior, and what implications does that field have for the structure of the magnetosphere; energy input into the atmosphere, and surface geophysics (for example surface weathering of satellites that might harbour sub-surface oceans). How can monitoring of auroral emission help inform future remote observations of emission from exoplanets? Our Solar System provides the only laboratory in which we can perform in-situ experiments to understand exoplanet formation, dynamos, systems and magnetospheres.

Published
2019

11. Magnetospheric Multiscale Observation of Kinetic Signatures in the Alfv��n Vortex

Author

Wang, Tieyan, Alexandrova, Olga, Perrone, Denise, Dunlop, Malcolm, Dong, Xiangcheng, Bingham, Robert, Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Russell, C. T., Giles, B. L., Torbert, R. B., Ergun, R. E., and Burch, J. L.

Subjects
Physics::Plasma Physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract

Alfv��n vortex is a multi-scale nonlinear structure which contributes to intermittency of turbulence. Despite previous explorations mostly on the spatial properties of the Alfv��n vortex (i.e., scale, orientation, and motion), the plasma characteristics within the Alfv��n vortex are unknown. Moreover, the connection between the plasma energization and the Alfv��n vortex still remains unclear. Based on high resolution in-situ measurement from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, we report for the first time, distinctive plasma features within an Alfv��n vortex. This Alfv��n vortex is identified to be two-dimensional ($k_{\bot} \gg k_{\|}$) quasi-monopole with a radius of ~10 proton gyroscales. Its magnetic fluctuations $��B_{\bot}$ are anti correlated with velocity fluctuations $��V_{\bot}$, thus the parallel current density $j_{\|}$ and flow vorticity $��_{\|}$ are anti-aligned. In different part of the vortex (i.e., edge, middle, center), the ion and electron temperatures are found to be quite different and they behave in the reverse trend: the ion temperature variations are correlated with $j_{\|}$, while the electron temperature variations are correlated with $��_{\|}$. Furthermore, the temperature anisotropies, together with the non-Maxwellian kinetic effects, exhibit strong enhancement at peaks of $|��_{\|}| (|j_{\|}|)$ within the vortex. Comparison between observations and numerical/theoretical results are made. In addition, the energy-conversion channels and the compressibility associated with the Alfv��n vortex are discussed. These results may help to understand the link between coherent vortex structures and the kinetic processes, which determines how turbulence energy dissipate in the weakly-collisional space plasmas.

Published
2019
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12. Decay of mesoscale flux transfer events during quasi‐continuous spatially extended reconnection at the magnetopause

Author

Pollock, C. J., Giles, B. L., Dorelli, J. C., Gershman, D. J., Avanov, L. A., Kreisler, S., Paterson, W. R., Chandler, M. O., Coffey, V., Burch, J. L., Torbert, R. B., Moore, T. E., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Le, G., Phan, T. D., Lavraud, B., Hesse, M., Hasegawa, Hiroshi, Kitamura, Naritoshi, Saito, Yoshifumi, Nagai, Tsugunobu, Shinohara, Iku, Yokota, Shoichiro, Oka, Mitsuo, Zenitani, Seiji, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Jet (fluid), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, magnetopause, Mesoscale meteorology, Flux, Magnetosphere, Magnetic reconnection, Geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Solar wind, magnetic flux rope, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], magnetic reconnection, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Magnetopause, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Interplanetary magnetic field, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, flux transfer events, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 26名, Accepted: 2016-04-28, 資料番号: SA1160083000

Published
2016
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13. How Accurately Can We Measure the Reconnection Rate E M for the MMS Diffusion Region Event of 11 July 2017?

Author

Genestreti, K. J., Nakamura, T. K. M., Nakamura, R., Denton, R. E., Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., Plaschke, F., Fuselier, S. A., Ergun, R. E., Giles, B. L., and Russell, C. T.

Subjects
Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, reconnection rate, LMN coordinates, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Atmospheric Sciences, magnetic reconnection, Physics::Space Physics, Space Plasma Physics, Magnetospheric Physics, Instruments and Techniques, Magnetotail, magnetotail reconnection, Research Articles, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Research Article
Abstract

We investigate the accuracy with which the reconnection electric field E M can be determined from in situ plasma data. We study the magnetotail electron diffusion region observed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) on 11 July 2017 at 22:34 UT and focus on the very large errors in E M that result from errors in an L M N boundary normal coordinate system. We determine several L M N coordinates for this MMS event using several different methods. We use these M axes to estimate E M. We find some consensus that the reconnection rate was roughly E M = 3.2 ± 0.6 mV/m, which corresponds to a normalized reconnection rate of 0.18 ± 0.035. Minimum variance analysis of the electron velocity (MVA‐v e), MVA of E, minimization of Faraday residue, and an adjusted version of the maximum directional derivative of the magnetic field (MDD‐B) technique all produce reasonably similar coordinate axes. We use virtual MMS data from a particle‐in‐cell simulation of this event to estimate the errors in the coordinate axes and reconnection rate associated with MVA‐v e and MDD‐B. The L and M directions are most reliably determined by MVA‐v e when the spacecraft observes a clear electron jet reversal. When the magnetic field data have errors as small as 0.5% of the background field strength, the M direction obtained by MDD‐B technique may be off by as much as 35°. The normal direction is most accurately obtained by MDD‐B. Overall, we find that these techniques were able to identify E M from the virtual data within error bars ≥20%., Key Points The reconnection rate E M is estimated for one event using several techniques to find an M directionThe error bars in E M and the L M N coordinate directions are estimated from virtual dataThe reconnection rate is likely E M = 3.2 mV/m ± 0.6 mV/m, which corresponds to a normalized rate of 0.18 ± 0.035

Published
2018

14. Intense electric fields and electron‐scale substructure within magnetotail flux ropes as revealed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission

Author

Stawarz, J., Eastwood, J., Genestreti, K., Nakamura, R., Ergun, R., Burgess, D., Burch, J., Fuselier, S., Gershman, D., Giles, B., Le Contel, O., Lindqvist, P.-A., Russell, C., Torbert, R., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Institut für Weltraumforschung [Graz] (IWF), Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], School of Physics and Astronomy [London], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, Space Science Center [Durham], and University of New Hampshire (UNH)

Subjects
Science & Technology, HOLES, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], PLASMA SHEET, EARTHS MAGNETOTAIL, Geology, MMS, BOUNDARY, MAGNETIC RECONNECTION, Physics::Space Physics, Physical Sciences, MD Multidisciplinary, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, GLOBAL HYBRID SIMULATION, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, ISLANDS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Three flux ropes associated with near‐Earth magnetotail reconnection are analyzed using Magnetospheric Multiscale observations. The flux ropes are Earthward propagating with sizes from ∼3 to 11 ion inertial lengths. Significantly different axial orientations are observed, suggesting spatiotemporal variability in the reconnection and/or flux rope dynamics. An electron‐scale vortex, associated with one of the most intense electric fields (E) in the event, is observed within one of the flux ropes. This E is predominantly perpendicular to the magnetic field (B); the electron vortex is frozen‐in with E × B drifting electrons carrying perpendicular current and causing a small‐scale magnetic enhancement. The vortex is ∼16 electron gyroradii in size perpendicular to B and potentially elongated parallel to B. The need to decouple the frozen‐in vortical motion from the surrounding plasma implies a parallel E at the structure's ends. The formation of frozen‐in electron vortices within reconnection‐generated flux ropes may have implications for particle acceleration.

Published
2018
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15. Large-Scale Survey of the Structure of the Dayside Magnetopause by MMS

Author

Paschmann, G., Haaland, S. E., Phan, T. D., Sonnerup, B. U. O., Burch, J. L., Torbert, R. B., Gershman, D. J., Dorelli, J. C., Giles, B. L., Pollock, C., Lavraud, B., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Baumjohann, W., Fuselier, S. A., and Saito, Yoshifumi

Subjects
Physics, Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Scale (ratio), Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetopause, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 16名, Accepted: 2018-02-09, 資料番号: SA1170357000

Published
2018
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16. Electron Crescent Distributions as a Manifestation of Diamagnetic Drift in an Electron-Scale Current Sheet: Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations Using New 7.5 ms Fast Plasma Investigation Moments

Author

Rager, A. C., Dorelli, J. C., Gershman, D. J., Uritsky, V., Avanov, L. A., Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., Ergun, R. E., Egedal, J., Schiff, C., Shuster, J. R., Giles, B. L., Paterson, W. R., Pollock, C. J., Strangeway, R. J., Russell, C. T., Lavraud, B., Coffey, V. N., and Saito, Yoshifumi

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Current sheet, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Research Letter, Magnetospheric Physics, Magnetic Reconnection, Instruments and Techniques, Diffusion (business), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, diamagnetic drift, Magnetic reconnection, Plasma, Research Letters, Computational physics, Geophysics, Charged Particle Motion and Acceleration, Physics::Space Physics, reconnection, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Diamagnetism, Space Plasma Physics, Current density, Space Sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 19名, Accepted: 2018-01-07, 資料番号: SA1170245000

Published
2017

17. Simultaneous Remote Observations of Intense Reconnection Effects by DMSP and MMS Spacecraft During a Storm Time Substorm

Author

Varsani, A., Nakamura, R., Sergeev, V. A., Baumjohann, W., Owen, C. J., Petrukovich, A. A., Yao, Z., Nakamura, T. K. M., Kubyshkina, M. V., Sotirelis, T., Burch, J. L., Genestreti, K. J., Vörös, Z., Andriopoulou, M., Gershman, D. J., Avanov, L. A., Magnes, W., Russell, C. T., Plaschke, F., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Giles, B. L., Coffey, V. N., Dorelli, J. C., Strangeway, R. J., Torbert, R. B., Lindqvist, P.‐A., and Ergun, R.

Subjects
plasma sheet boundary layer, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, Solar and Heliospheric Physics, Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission results throughout the first primary mission phase, Magnetic Storms and Substorms, Atmospheric Sciences, Magnetic Storms, plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL), Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, magnetic reconnection, Physics::Space Physics, Plasma Sheet, Magnetotail Boundary Layers, Space Plasma Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Magnetospheric Physics, Magnetic Reconnection, Space Weather, Natural Hazards, Research Articles, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Research Article
Abstract

During a magnetic storm on 23 June 2015, several very intense substorms took place, with signatures observed by multiple spacecraft including DMSP and Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS). At the time of interest, DMSP F18 crossed inbound through a poleward expanding auroral bulge boundary at 23.5 h magnetic local time (MLT), while MMS was located duskward of 22 h MLT during an inward crossing of the expanding plasma sheet boundary. The two spacecraft observed a consistent set of signatures as they simultaneously crossed the reconnection separatrix layer during this very intense reconnection event. These include (1) energy dispersion of the energetic ions and electrons traveling earthward, accompanied with high electron energies in the vicinity of the separatrix; (2) energy dispersion of polar rain electrons, with a high‐energy cutoff; and (3) intense inward convection of the magnetic field lines at the MMS location. The high temporal resolution measurements by MMS provide unprecedented observations of the outermost electron boundary layer. We discuss the relevance of the energy dispersion of the electrons, and their pitch angle distribution, to the spatial and temporal evolution of the boundary layer. The results indicate that the underlying magnetotail magnetic reconnection process was an intrinsically impulsive and the active X‐line was located relatively close to the Earth, approximately at 16–18 RE., Key Points Simultaneous observations of the PSBL during a strong substorm suggest a near‐tail reconnection site being located at 16–18 RE For the first time, we resolve both energy and pitch angle dispersion of the electron evidence that the boundary layer has temporal originFirst observation of thin energetic electron layers in PSBL with thicknesses of the electron gyroscale

Published
2017

18. Magnetospheric Multiscale analysis of intense field-aligned Poynting flux near the Earth's plasma sheet boundary

Author

Stawarz, J. E., Eastwood, J.P., Varsani, A., Ergun, R.E., Shay, M.A., Nakamura, R., Phan, T.D., Burch, J. L., Gershman, D. J., Giles, B. L., Goodrich, K. A., Khotyaintsev, Yuri V., Lindqvist, P. -A, Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Torbert, R. B., and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
TAIL, Science & Technology, R-E, POWER, Geology, HIGH-SPEED FLOWS, ACCELERATION, POLAR, High-Speed Flows, Alfven Waves, Layer, Tail, Acceleration, Spacecraft, Aurora, Polar, Power, SPACECRAFT, Physics::Plasma Physics, LAYER, Physics::Space Physics, Physical Sciences, MD Multidisciplinary, ALFVEN WAVES, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Geologi, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, AURORA
Abstract

The Magnetospheric Multiscale mission is employed to examine intense Poynting flux directed along the background magnetic field toward Earth, which reaches amplitudes of nearly 2 mW/m(2). The event is located within the plasma sheet but likely near the boundary at a geocentric distance of 9 RE in association with bulk flow signatures. The fluctuations have wavelengths perpendicular to the magnetic field of 124-264 km (compared to an ion gyroradius of 280 km), consistent with highly kinetic Alfven waves. While the wave vector remains highly perpendicular to the magnetic field, there is substantial variation of the direction in the perpendicular plane. The field-aligned Poynting flux may be associated with kinetic Alfven waves released along the separatrix by magnetotail reconnection and/or the radiation of waves excited by bursty bulk flow braking and may provide a means through which energy released by magnetic reconnection is transferred to the auroral region.

Published
2017

19. Electron crescent distributions as a manifestation of diamagnetic drift in an electron scale current sheet

Author

Rager, A. C., Dorelli, J. C., Gershman, D. J., Uritsky, V., Avanov, L. A., Torbert, R. B., Burch, J. L., Ergun, R. E., Egedal, J., Schiff, C., Shuster, J. R., Giles, B. L., Paterson, W. R., Pollock, C. J., Strangeway, R. J., Russell, C. T., Lavraud, B., Coffey, V. N, and Saito, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract

We report Magnetospheric Multiscale observations of electron pressure gradient electric fields near a magnetic reconnection diffusion region using a new technique for extracting 7.5 ms electron moments from the Fast Plasma Investigation. We find that the deviation of the perpendicular electron bulk velocity from $E \times B$ drift in the interval where the out-of-plane current density is increasing can be explained by the diamagnetic drift. In the interval where the out-of-plane current is transitioning to in-plane current, the electron momentum equation is not satisfied at 7.5 ms resolution., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2017
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20. Localized Oscillatory Dissipation in Magnetopause Reconnection

Author

Burch, J. L., Ergun, R. E., Cassak, P. A., Webster, J. M., Torbert, R. B., Giles, B. L., Dorelli, J. C., Rager, A. C., Hwang, K. -J., Phan, T. D., Genestreti, K. J., Allen, R. C., Chen, L. -J., Wang, S., Gershman, D., Contel, O. Le, Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Wilder, F. D., Graham, D. B., Hesse, M., Drake, J. F., Swisdak, M., Price, L. M., Shay, M. A., Lindqvist, P. -A., Pollock, C. J., Denton, R. E., and Newman, D. L.

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Data from the NASA Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission are used to investigate asymmetric magnetic reconnection at the dayside boundary between the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind (the magnetopause). High-resolution measurements of plasmas, electric and magnetic fields, and waves are used to identify highly localized (~15 electron Debye lengths) standing wave structures with large electric-field amplitudes (up to 100 mV/m). These wave structures are associated with spatially oscillatory dissipation, which appears as alternatingly positive and negative values of J dot E (dissipation). For small guide magnetic fields the wave structures occur in the electron stagnation region at the magnetosphere edge of the EDR. For larger guide fields the structures also occur near the reconnection x-line. This difference is explained in terms of channels for the out-of-plane current (agyrotropic electrons at the stagnation point and guide-field-aligned electrons at the x-line).

Published
2017
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22. Preface

Author

Burch, J. L. and Torbert, R. B.

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Published
2015
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23. Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission observations and non-force free modeling of a flux transfer event immersed in a super-Alfvénic flow

Author

Farrugia, CJ, Lavraud, B, Torbert, RB, Argall, M, Kacem, I, Yu, W, Alm, L, Burch, J, Russell, CT, Shuster, J, Dorelli, J, Eastwood, JP, Ergun, RE, Fuselier, S, Gershman, D, Giles, BL, Khotyaintsev, YV, Lindqvist, PA, Matsui, H, Marklund, GT, Phan, TD, Paulson, K, Pollock, C, Strangeway, RJ, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Physics::Space Physics, MD Multidisciplinary, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.We analyze plasma, magnetic field, and electric field data for a flux transfer event (FTE) to highlight improvements in our understanding of these transient reconnection signatures resulting from high-resolution data. The ∼20 s long, reverse FTE, which occurred south of the geomagnetic equator near dusk, was immersed in super-Alfvénic flow. The field line twist is illustrated by the behavior of flows parallel/perpendicular to the magnetic field. Four-spacecraft timing and energetic particle pitch angle anisotropies indicate a flux rope (FR) connected to the Northern Hemisphere and moving southeast. The flow forces evidently overcame the magnetic tension. The high-speed flows inside the FR were different from those outside. The external flows were perpendicular to the field as expected for draping of the external field around the FR. Modeling the FR analytically, we adopt a non-force free approach since the current perpendicular to the field is nonzero. It reproduces many features of the observations.

Published
2016

24. Magnetospheric Multiscale observations of large-amplitude, parallel, electrostatic waves associated with magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause

Author

Ergun, R. E., Holmes, J. C., Goodrich, K. A., Wilder, F. D., Stawarz, J. E., Eriksson, S., Newman, D. L., Schwartz, S. J., Goldman, M. V., Sturner, A. P., Malaspina, D. M., Usanova, M. E., Torbert, R. B., Argall, M., Lindqvist, P.-A., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Burch, J. L., Strangeway, R. J., Russell, C. T., Pollock, C. J., Giles, B. L., Dorelli, J. J. C., Avanov, L., Hesse, Michael, Chen, L. J., Lavraud, B., Le Contel, Olivier, Retinò, Alessandro, Phan, T. D., Eastwood, Jonathan P., Oieroset, M., Drake, J. F., Shay, M. A., Cassak, P. A., Nakamura, R., Zhou, M., Ashour-Abdalla, M., André, M., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, Physics::Space Physics, MD Multidisciplinary, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.We report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale satellites of large-amplitude, parallel, electrostatic waves associated with magnetic reconnection at the Earths magnetopause. The observed waves have parallel electric fields (E||) with amplitudes on the order of 100 mV/m and display nonlinear characteristics that suggest a possible net E||. These waves are observed within the ion diffusion region and adjacent to (within several electron skin depths) the electron diffusion region. They are in or near the magnetosphere side current layer. Simulation results support that the strong electrostatic linear and nonlinear wave activities appear to be driven by a two stream instability, which is a consequence of mixing cold (

Published
2016
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25. Ion-scale secondary flux-ropes generated by magnetopause reconnection as resolved by MMS

Author

Eastwood, J. P., Phan, T. D., Cassak, P. A., Gershman, D. J., Haggerty, C., Malakit, K., Shay, M. A., Mistry, R., Oieroset, M., Russell, C. T., Slavin, J. A., Argall, M. R., Avanov, L. A., Burch, J. L., Chen, L. J., Dorelli, J. C., Ergun, R. E., Giles, B. L., Khotyaintsev, Yuri, Lavraud, B., Lindqvist, P. A., Moore, T. E., Nakamura, R., Paterson, W., Pollock, C., Strangeway, R. J., Torbert, R. B., Wang, S., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Science and Technology Facilities Council [2006-2012], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
TRANSFER EVENTS, flux rope, Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, Magnetopause and Boundary Layers, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, magnetospheric multiscale, MAGNETIC RECONNECTION, Research Letter, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Magnetospheric Physics, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, ISLANDS, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, Science & Technology, magnetopause, Magnetospheric Configuration and Dynamics, Geology, First results from NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission, Research Letters, secondary island, Transport Processes, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], magnetic reconnection, Physics::Space Physics, Physical Sciences, Space Plasma Physics, Space Sciences
Abstract

New Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations of small‐scale (~7 ion inertial length radius) flux transfer events (FTEs) at the dayside magnetopause are reported. The 10 km MMS tetrahedron size enables their structure and properties to be calculated using a variety of multispacecraft techniques, allowing them to be identified as flux ropes, whose flux content is small (~22 kWb). The current density, calculated using plasma and magnetic field measurements independently, is found to be filamentary. Intercomparison of the plasma moments with electric and magnetic field measurements reveals structured non‐frozen‐in ion behavior. The data are further compared with a particle‐in‐cell simulation. It is concluded that these small‐scale flux ropes, which are not seen to be growing, represent a distinct class of FTE which is generated on the magnetopause by secondary reconnection., Key Points Ion‐scale flux ropes are observed during magnetopause reconnectionThe largely force‐free flux ropes exhibit filamentary currents and nonideal ion behaviorSmall flux content and comparison with simulation indicate a secondary reconnection origin

Published
2016
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26. Electron Scattering by High-frequency Whistler Waves at Earth’s Bow Shock

Author

Wilson, L. B. III, Phan, T. D., Hull, A. J., Amano, T., Hoshino, M., Argall, M. R., Le, Contel O., Agapitov, O., Gershman, D. J., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Burch, J. L., Torbert, R. B., Pollock, C., Dorelli, J. C., Giles, B. L., Moore, T. E., Avanov, L. A., Paterson, W., Ergun, R. E., Strangeway, R. J., Russell, C. T., Lindqvist, P. A., Oka, Mitsuo, Saito, Yoshifumi, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], and Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Earth, Astronomy and Astrophysics, shock waves, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 24名, Accepted: 2017-06-03, 資料番号: SA1170038000

Published
2017
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27. Requirement for post-operative radiological imaging in an enhanced recovery programme

Author

Lane, J, Burch, J, Burling, D, Kennedy, R, and Jenkins, J

Abstract

Aim Enhanced recovery (ERAS) produces benefits to patients by reducing length of stay and morbidity. Its effect on nursing and physiotherapy workload has been studied but the demand upon radiology is unclear. We aimed to determine radiology use to understand possible hidden expenditure not included in existing ERAS cost-effectiveness analyses. Method 265 patients from a prospective multidimensional ERAS database were retrospectively assessed for post-operative radiology use. All had undergone colorectal surgery within an established ERAS programme from 2008-2009 with all data prospectively recorded. Laparoscopy was offered for all primary colon and rectal resections. All adverse events including gut dysfunction, surgical site infection (SSI) and reoperation were assessed. All radiology within 30 days of surgery was recorded. Results Radiology data were absent in 12 patients leaving 253 for analysis. Post-operative radiology was used in 71 (28%) and 41(16%) patients had CT of the abdomen and pelvis(A/P) within 30 days. In thirty three (13%) patients this was required during the primary admission including 30% of patients with any post-op adverse event. Nine (27%; 3.6% of the whole cohort) of the 33 required reoperation. No patient required interventional radiology. The median time to CT (A/P) during primary admission was 5 days (IQR 3-8). Eight (3%) had CT (A/P) after readmission with one reoperation. Forty(16%) patients underwent plain radiology (chest or abdominal) and six (2%) had abdominal ultrasonography. Using general estimates of CT and plain radiology total costs, these data suggest an overall radiology cost of over £22, 000, amounting to a radiology cost of £90 per ERAS patient. Conclusion Post-operative radiology is required in a significant proportion of ERAS patients potentially reflecting a low threshold to investigate in the presence of an adverse event. Very few require subsequent intervention. Radiology costs incurred with ERAS should be considered into future economic analysis.

Published
2013

28. Early prediction of adverse events in enhanced recovery based upon the host systemic inflammatory response

Author

Lane, J, Wright, S, Burch, J, Kennedy, R, and Jenkins, J

Abstract

Aim Early identification of patients experiencing post-operative complications is imperative for successful management. C reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific marker of inflammation used in many specialties to monitor patient condition. The role of CRP measurement early in the elective postoperative colorectal patient is unclear, particularly in the context of enhanced recovery [ERAS]. Methods 533 consecutive patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery between October 2008 and October 2010 within an established ERAS programme were studied. Patients were separated into a development group of 265 patients and a validation group of 268 patients by chronological order. CRP and white cell count [WCC] were added to a prospectively maintained ERAS database. The primary outcome of the study was all adverse events [including infective complications, post-operative organ dysfunction and prolonged length of stay] during the initial hospital admission. Significant predictors for adverse events on univariate analysis were submitted to multivariate regression analysis and the resulting model applied to the validation group. The validity and predictive accuracy of the regression model was assessed using ROC Curve/ Area under Curve analysis. Results CRP levels greater than 150 on post-operative day 2 and a rising CRP on day 3 were independently associated with all adverse events during the hospital admission. A weighted model was applied to the validation group yielding an AUC of 0.65 [95%CI 0.58-0.73] indicating, at best, modest discrimination and predictive accuracy for adverse events. Conclusion Measurement of CRP in patients after elective colorectal surgery in the first few days after surgery within ERAS can assist in identifying those at risk of adverse events and a prolonged hospital stay. A CRP value of >150 on day 2 and a rising CRP on day 3 should alert the surgeon to an increased likelihood of such events.

Published
2012

29. IMAGE, the First of the NEW MIDEX Missions

Author

Gibson, W. C., Burch, J. L., Scherrer, J. R., Tapley, M. B., Volpe, F. A., and Davis, W. D.

Abstract

The Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) mission will be the first of the new Mediumclass Explorer (MIDEX) missions to fly. Led by Southwest Research Institute with oversight from the Explorers Project Office at NASA GSFC, IMAGE is the first satellite mission dedicated to imaging the Earth's magnetosphere. IMAGE will utilize a combination of ultraviolet and neutral atom imaging instruments plus an RF sounder to map and image the temporal and spatial features of the magnetosphere. The eight science sensors are mounted to a single deckplate. The deckplate is enveloped in an eight-sided spacecraft bus, 225 cm across the flats, developed by Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space Corporation. Constructed of laminated aluminum honeycomb panels, covered extensively by Gallium Arsenide solar cells, the spacecraft structure is designed to withstand the launch loads of a Delta 7326-9.5 ELV. Attitude control is via a single magnetic torque rod and passive nutation damper with aspect information provided by a star camera, sun sensor, and three-axis magnetometer. A single S-band transponder provides telemetry and command functionality. Interfaces between the self-contained payload and the spacecraft are limited to MIL-STD-1553 and power. This paper describes the IMAGE mission as well as the engineering details of the spacecraft.

Published
1999

30. ENDARTERECTOMY FOR ASYMPTOMATIC CAROTID-ARTERY STENOSIS

Author

WALKER, M, MARLER, J, GOLDSTEIN, M, GRADY, P, TOOLE, J, BAKER, W, CASTALDO, J, CHAMBLESS, L, MOORE, W, ROBERTSON, J, YOUNG, B, HOWARD, V, PURVIS, S, VERNON, D, NEEDHAM, K, BECK, P, DOZIER, M, LEFKOWITZ, D, HOWARD, G, CROUSE, J, HERRINGTON, D, FURBERG, C, ESSICK, K, HICKS, R, NELSON, J, BALL, W, BLAND, E, CONDON, S, ELLIOTT, T, GRIZZLE, J, HAYES, D, HENLEY, S, JOHNSON, J, LOCKLEAR, J, MISCH, M, PATON, C, SCHWARTZ, S, WALKER, C, WILLIAMS, O, EASTON, J, GOLDSTONE, J, HALLENBECK, J, HOFF, J, KARP, H, KRONMAL, R, BROTT, T, TOMSICK, T, BRODERICK, J, SAUERBECK, L, BLUM, C, DYKEN, M, BRUST, J, DICK, A, GOTSHALL, R, HEYMAN, A, SWANSON, P, ADAMS, H, DEMPSEY, R, ERNST, C, ROTHROCK, J, COHEN, S, NICHOLAS, G, LONGENECKER, J, BARBOUR, P, BERGER, A, CELANI, V, ECKERT, N, GOODREAU, J, HUTCHINSON, J, JENNY, D, LIN, Z, MCDONALD, K, PISTONE, W, RAEGRANT, A, REDENBAUGH, J, REX, J, WOHLBERG, C, KARANJIA, P, SWANSON, M, LOBNER, S, KOLTS, R, KUEHNER, M, HINER, B, MADDEN, K, CARLSON, R, DAVIS, J, GALLANT, T, WARNER, J, FAUST, A, FRYZA, N, HASENAUER, J, REGNER, M, RONKIN, L, SCHAEFER, S, STRACK, D, TURNER, L, WALGENBACH, A, GRAVES, J, MICHALSKI, S, SCHUETTE, L, MOHR, J, TATEMICHI, T, MARSHALL, R, MAST, H, RAMOS, O, CORRELL, J, LIBMAN, R, PETTY, G, CABRERE, A, OROPEZA, L, GONZALEZ, T, PETTIGREW, C, SADLER, R, ENDEAN, E, SHERROW, J, HAUER, M, LEE, C, NORTON, J, MCQUILLEN, M, MATTINGLY, S, DEKOSKY, S, MASSEY, A, SIMARD, D, TURCOTTE, J, BENGUIGUI, C, COTE, J, BOUCHARD, J, ROBERGE, C, BRUNET, D, BEDARD, F, LANGELIER, R, LAJEUNESSE, M, BIGAOUETTE, J, PARENT, J, LYDEN, P, HYE, R, LEWIS, S, CALI, G, BABCOCK, T, TAFTALVAREZ, B, BRODY, M, ZWEIFLER, R, SEDWITZ, M, STABILE, B, FREISCHLAG, J, WOLF, Y, SIVO, J, FORSYTHE, J, ADAME, M, GUPTA, S, BURKE, K, GREISLER, H, LITTOOY, F, KELLY, M, PULSINELLI, W, CAMPBELL, J, CROCKARELL, J, WATRIDGE, C, ACKER, J, ERKULWATER, S, JACEWICZ, M, WALKER, G, OSULLIVAN, P, SAUER, C, VASU, K, GAINES, K, BAKHITIAN, B, BERTORINI, T, BENNETT, S, THOMAS, T, STAHL, N, TAYLOR, C, GIAMPAPA, M, CONNELL, J, RILEY, J, BRADLEY, A, NEWMAN, K, MANNING, R, MCCREA, M, HACHINSKI, V, FERGUSON, G, MAYER, C, BARNETT, J, PEERLESS, S, BUCHAN, A, REICHMAN, H, KERTESZ, A, LOWNIE, S, WHITE, C, FOX, A, RANKIN, R, SPENCE, J, BARR, H, PADDOCKELIASZIW, L, ASSIS, L, PEXMAN, J, DICICCO, M, TATE, B, JAMES, C, RAKER, E, COATSWORTH, J, HARRIS, S, BEEBE, H, BIRCHFIELD, R, BUTLERLEVY, K, CRANE, R, FRYER, D, MACLEAN, J, PATTERSON, L, QUIGLEY, T, RAVITS, J, TAYLOR, L, PULLEN, S, BOSWELL, S, KENNY, K, ROEDERSHEIMER, L, FOWL, R, TEW, J, KEMPCZINSKI, R, REED, R, WELLING, R, SCHOMAKER, B, MCWHORTER, J, BRANCH, C, SATTERFIELD, J, CORDELL, R, DEAN, R, PLONK, G, HARPOLD, G, WALKER, F, NUNN, C, MYERS, L, TEGELER, C, HARDIN, S, MEADS, D, LOFTUS, C, VINING, L, BENDIXEN, B, BILLER, J, CORSON, J, DAVIS, P, GODERSKY, J, GORDON, D, JACOBY, M, KAPPELLE, L, KRESOWIK, T, MARSH, E, LOVE, B, SHAMMA, A, GRIMSMAN, K, KARBOSKI, D, MILLER, E, JOHNSON, C, JONES, C, STONE, B, MAGUIRE, M, EARLEY, C, KAPLAN, P, CAVALUZZI, J, WATERS, G, CHACHICH, B, AUER, A, LOGAN, W, WILCOX, M, GREEN, B, HURLEY, J, PENNELL, R, WOODS, J, LEVINE, R, NEPUTE, J, THOMASSON, J, BLACKBURN, C, FOLDES, M, KLEMP, K, NAPPIER, B, RUTHERFORD, K, SCHROER, S, HOGAN, J, THORPE, L, FEINBERG, W, HUNTER, G, BRUCK, D, BERNHARD, V, MCINTYRE, K, CARTER, L, LABADIE, E, JOHNSON, D, MOSCHONAS, C, HAMILTON, R, FORRER, S, SEEGER, J, CARMODY, R, VOLD, B, LAGUNA, J, KRIKAWA, J, DEVINE, J, CASTRILLO, A, KISTLER, S, LEDBETTER, B, DORR, K, SMITH, R, HAERER, A, BROWN, R, RUSSELL, W, RIGDON, E, RHODES, R, SMITH, E, GRAEBER, M, DOORENBOS, D, SUBRAMONY, S, ATNIP, R, BRENNAN, R, FRIEDMAN, D, NEUMYER, M, THIELE, B, SMITH, F, BARR, J, DUCKROW, R, JANESKY, C, MEILSTRUP, J, MCNAMARA, K, RODICHOK, L, STEWART, L, SULLIVAN, M, WENGROVITZ, M, CLAGETT, G, UNWIN, H, BRYAN, W, MATKINS, C, PATTERSON, C, ALWAY, C, BOYD, P, INMAN, M, ALBISTON, C, SCOGGINS, E, SWILLING, J, WALDEN, K, AHN, S, AMOS, E, BAKER, J, DOBKIN, B, DONAYRE, C, GELABERT, H, JORDAN, S, MACHLEDER, H, QUINONESBALDRICH, W, SAVER, J, ELSADEN, S, HOLGATE, R, JABOUR, B, JACOBS, J, ABRAHAM, T, VESCERA, C, VONRAJCS, J, CARTER, V, CARTER, D, DIXGOSS, D, HERNANDEZ, E, COULL, B, LOBOA, L, MONETA, G, PORTER, J, YEAGER, R, WHITTAKER, L, BRASS, L, GUSBERG, R, LOVEJOY, A, FAYAD, P, SUMPIO, B, MEIER, G, CHANG, V, MARZITELLI, K, CHYATTE, D, HAMMERS, L, LEPORE, F, PAVALKIS, F, MELE, J, KISIEL, D, BARNES, R, CHESSER, M, ARCHER, R, THOMPSON, B, MACDONALD, C, BARONE, G, EIDT, J, HARSHFIELD, D, MCFARLAND, D, NICKOLS, J, HOWARD, C, NIX, M, OVERSTREET, J, TROILLETT, R, TAYLOR, J, LEE, H, AKINS, P, HARBISON, J, PRIDGEON, R, FELTON, W, POSNER, M, SOBEL, M, CLIFTON, G, CONWAY, C, COCKRELL, A, STRINGER, W, WINGO, J, NICHOLS, B, SMOKER, W, FISHER, R, SPETZLER, R, FREY, J, ZABRAMSKI, J, HUNSLEY, S, JAHNKE, H, PLENGE, K, HOLLAND, R, TURNER, R, STRAVA, D, STUMPFF, S, HODAK, J, FLOM, R, DEAN, B, THOMPSON, R, HUGHES, R, LEPLER, B, BOWEN, J, BENOIT, C, HOLLIER, L, OCHSNER, J, STRUB, R, LANG, V, CAHANIN, V, HOBSON, R, WEISBROT, F, KAMIN, S, BACK, T, JAMIL, Z, ROGERS, C, LAINSON, B, HART, L, CAPLAN, L, ODONNELL, T, BARRON, L, PESSIN, M, DEWITT, D, MACKEY, W, BELKIN, M, MCGLAUGHLIN, R, HEGGERICK, P, WELCH, K, WILCZEWSKI, J, ROBERTSON, W, DALEY, S, ELLIOT, J, REDDY, D, SHEPHARD, A, LEVINE, S, RAMADAN, N, TIETJEN, G, MITSIAS, P, GORMAN, M, MCPHARLIN, M, PATEL, S, DEVESHWAR, R, LEE, N, KOKKINOS, J, WEINSTEIN, E, KUNKEL, J, KRATOCHVIL, A, JOHNSON, E, STEEL, S, NORRIS, J, ROWED, D, BOWYER, B, GAWEL, M, COOPER, P, BRODIE, D, KIRKLAND, J, SCHECTER, J, FARRAR, N, CAPPS, R, RHODES, E, ROGERS, D, GLASS, J, NAGUSZEWSKI, R, NAGUSZEWSKI, W, MADDOX, B, DOLLISON, B, MOULTON, L, COLE, P, KINSELLA, P, ANSLEY, A, BRITZ, N, BIVINS, D, WILLIAMS, E, DAVIDSON, J, ELIAS, W, ATKINS, D, TURNER, P, BURCH, J, NOLAN, D, SPEESE, R, FOLEY, C, MILLETTE, T, LANE, K, ALMOND, C, MESTAYER, R, CALANCHINI, P, SZARNICKI, R, RADOSEVICH, P, ELIAS, L, MCCORMICK, P, GOULD, C, NORRIS, F, DENYS, E, BERNSTEIN, R, DUBONO, D, ATKINSON, K, PETERS, M, COHEN, B, YAO, J, ROSTON, S, BLACKBURN, D, CHADWICK, L, MCCARTHY, W, PEARCE, W, FRANK, J, FERNANDEZBEER, E, PATRICK, J, GREEN, R, SATRAN, R, RICOTTA, J, DEWEESE, J, HOLLANDER, J, OBRIEN, M, MCNAMARA, J, ROSE, S, COHEN, D, FURLAN, A, LITTLE, J, BRYERTON, B, SILA, C, AWAD, I, CHIMOWITZ, M, ROBERTSON, S, BECKER, C, PAUSHTER, D, OLEARY, D, JONES, A, GEE, W, SHEBEL, N, FISHER, M, SCHENK, E, FUTRELL, N, MILLIKAN, C, DIENER, H, FIELDS, W, FOLSTEIN, M, GAUTIER, J, HARRISON, M, HASS, W, HENNERICI, M, SPENCER, M, and VONREUTERN, G

Published
1995

31. Multi-instrument analysis of far-ultraviolet aurora in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Stephenson, P., Galand, M., Feldman, P. D., Beth, A., Rubin, M., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Biver, N., Cheng, Y.-C., Parker, J., Burch, J., Johansson, F. L., and Eriksson, A.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 520 Astronomy, 620 Engineering
Abstract

Aims. We aim to determine whether dissociative excitation of cometary neutrals by electron impact is the major source of far-ultraviolet (FUV) emissions at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in the southern hemisphere at large heliocentric distances, both during quiet conditions and impacts of corotating interaction regions observed in the summer of 2016. Methods. We combined multiple datasets from the Rosetta mission through a multi-instrument analysis to complete the first forward modelling of FUV emissions in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P and compared modelled brightnesses to observations with the Alice FUV imaging spectrograph. We modelled the brightness of OI1356, OI1304, Lyman-β, CI1657, and CII1335 emissions, which are associated with the dissociation products of the four major neutral species in the coma: CO2, H2O, CO, and O2. The suprathermal electron population was probed by the Ion and Electron Sensor of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium and the neutral column density was constrained by several instruments: the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA), the Microwave Instrument for the Rosetta Orbiter and the Visual InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer. Results. The modelled and observed brightnesses of the FUV emission lines agree closely when viewing nadir and dissociative excitation by electron impact is shown to be the dominant source of emissions away from perihelion. The CII1335 emissions are shown to be consistent with the volume mixing ratio of CO derived from ROSINA. When viewing the limb during the impacts of corotating interaction regions, the model reproduces brightnesses of OI1356 and CI1657 well, but resonance scattering in the extended coma may contribute significantly to the observed Lyman-β and OI1304 emissions. The correlation between variations in the suprathermal electron flux and the observed FUV line brightnesses when viewing the comet’s limb suggests electrons are accelerated on large scales and that they originate in the solar wind. This means that the FUV emissions are auroral in nature.

33. Rimonabant for the treatment of overweight and obese people

Author

Burch, J., Mckenna, C., Palmer, S., Gill Norman, Glanville, J., Sculpher, M., and Woolacott, N.

Subjects
lcsh:Medical technology, lcsh:R855-855.5, Health Policy
Abstract

This paper presents a summary of the evidence review group (ERG) report into the clinical and cost-effectiveness of rimonabant for the treatment of obese or overweight patients based upon a review of the manufacturer’s submission to the National Centre for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) as part of the single technology appraisal (STA) process. The submission’s main evidence came from four randomised controlled trials. Rimonabant resulted in a significantly greater benefit than placebo for all primary weight loss outcomes. At 1 year, rimonabant had a statistically significant beneficial effect on systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose in diabetics and non-diabetics, and glycosylated haemoglobin in diabetics. Improvements were maintained over 2 years with rimonabant; withdrawal of rimonabant at 1 year resulted in a reduction in weight loss until there was no difference from placebo at 2 years. Psychiatric adverse events were experienced by 26% and 14% of rimonabant and placebo patients respectively; figures for symptoms of depression were 9% and 5% respectively. Pairwise comparisons of orlistat, sibutramine and rimonabant showed beneficial effects of rimonabant over orlistat and sibutramine for weight loss outcomes; however, response hurdles imposed on orlistat or sibutramine in clinical practice may not have been applied in the orlistat and sibutramine trials. The manufacturer’s Markov cohort model evaluated rimonabant versus orlistat, sibutramine and diet and exercise alone for three base-case populations. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of rimonabant varied from £10,534–£13,236 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) versus diet and exercise, to £8977–£12,138 per QALY versus orlistat, to £1463–£3908 per QALY versus sibutramine. In subgroup analysis there was a wider variation in the ICER estimates although none exceeded £20,000 per QALY. The ICER of rimonabant remained under £20,000 per QALY in reanalyses by the manufacturer and the ERG, with the results sensitive to the source of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) benefits in the model. Four treatment strategies were modelled in comparisons of rimonabant versus diet and exercise alone and orlistat and sibutramine in which rimonabant was continued only in patients achieving 5% weight loss at 3, 6, 9 or 12 months. In pairwise comparisons rimonabant remained below a threshold of £30,000 per QALY in 70% of the comparisons reported. The results were most sensitive to the decrement applied to depression and the costs of screening for depression. In conclusion, areas of uncertainty remain in relation to the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of rimonabant, for example lack of evidence on long-term outcomes and the effect of rimonabant on cardiovascular events, developing diabetes and mortality, and lack of data on the HRQoL benefits associated with rimonabant. The lack of response hurdles applied to sibutramine and orlistat means that the comparator strategies were not considered by the ERG to reflect their respective product licenses or current NHS use. The NICE guidance issued as a result of the STA states that rimonabant is recommended as an adjunct to diet and exercise for adults who are obese or overweight and who have had an inadequate response to, are intolerant of or are contraindicated to orlistat and sibutramine.

34. Currents Within the Bursty Bulk Flow Braking Region as Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission

Author

Stawarz, J. E., Eastwood, Jonathan P., Goodrich, K. A., Ergun, R., Burch, J. L., Giles, B. L., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Olivier Le Contel, Lindqvist, P. A., Magnes, W., Pollock, C., Russell, C. T., Strangeway, R. J., Torbert, R. B., Avanov, L. A., Dorelli, J. C., Gershman, D. J., Marklund, G. T., Laurent Mirioni, Nakamura, R., Karlsson, T., Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Bursty Bulk Flows (BBFs), thought to be ejecta from reconnection in the near-Earth magnetotail, are an important means of mass, energy, and magnetic flux transport in the magnetosphere. Understanding how this energy is redirected within the braking region, where the flow impinges on the dipolar field near Earth, is an important question. In this study, properties of the small-scale currents in the BBF braking region are examined with particular emphasis on the nature of the field-aligned component of the currents. Previous studies have suggested that the instability of field-aligned currents associated with turbulence may generate double layers and electron phase space holes observed in the region, thereby providing a collisionless dissipation mechanism for the turbulence. However, direct information about these small-scale currents was inaccessible with the previous data sets. A campaign of burst data collection including Fast Plasma Investigation data from the magnetotail focused on BBF events during August of 2016 has made the present study possible. The work provides insights into the process of energy dissipation by turbulence in the BBF braking region.

39. Low-Frequency Wave Activity Detected by MMS during Dusk Magnetopause Crossings and its Relation to Heating and Acceleration of Particles

Author

Olivier Le Contel, Roux, A., Alessandro Retinò, Laurent Mirioni, Fouad Sahraoui, Thomas Chust, Matthieu Berthomier, Chasapis, A., Aunai, N., Paul Leroy, Dominique Alison, Lavraud, B., Lindqvist, P. A., Khotyaintsev, Y. V., Vaivads, A., Marklund, G. T., Burch, J. L., Torbert, R. B., Moore, T. E., Ergun, R. E., Needell, J., Chutter, M., Rau, D., Dors, I., Macri, J., Russell, C. T., Magnes, W., Strangeway, R. J., Bromund, K. R., Plaschke, F., Fischer, D., Leinweber, H. K., Anderson, B. J., Nakamura, R., Argall, M. R., Le, G., Slavin, J. A., Kepko, L., Baumjohann, W., Pollock, C. J., Mauk, B., Fuselier, S. A., Goodrich, K. A., Wilder, F. D., Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Saclay-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École polytechnique (X)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), and Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Space Physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Since the 9th of July, the MMS fleet of four satellites have evolved into a tetrahedral configuration with an average inter-satellite distance of 160 km and an apogee of 12 earth radii on the dusk side. In this study we report on ultra-low (1 mHz to ~10 Hz) and very-low (10 Hz to ~ 4 kHz) frequency wave activity measured by the four satellites during several crossings of the dusk equatorial magnetopause. Since the Larmor radius of magnetosheath protons is of the order of 50 km, this inter-satellite distance allows us to investigate in detail the physics of the magnetopause at proton scales including current structures related to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability as well as other energy transfer processes. From wave polarization analysis, we characterize the different types of emissions and discuss different mechanisms of heating and acceleration of particles. In particular, we focus on the electron heating by kinetic Alfvén waves and lower hybrid waves and the electron acceleration by oblique whistler mode waves, which have been suggested as possible mechanisms from previous Cluster and THEMIS measurements.

40. Medium Energy Neutral Atom (MENA) imager for the IMAGE mission

Author

Pollock, C. J., Asamura, K., Baldonado, J., Balkey, M. M., Barker, P., Burch, J. L., Korpela, E. J., Cravens, J., Dirks, G., Fok, M. -C, Herbert Funsten, Grande, M., Gruntman, M., Hanley, J., Jahn, J. -M, Jenkins, M., Lampton, M., Marckwordt, M., Mccomas, D. J., Mukai, T., Penegor, G., Pope, S., Ritzau, S., Schattenburg, M. L., Scime, E., Skoug, R., Spurgeon, W., Stecklein, T., Storms, S., Urdiales, C., Valek, P., Beek, J. T. M., Weidner, S. E., Wüest, M., Young, M. K., and Zinsmeyer, C.

47. Cassini plasma spectrometer investigation

Author

Young, David T., Barraclough, Bruce L., Berthelier, J. J., Blanc, M., Burch, J. L., Coates, Andrew J., Goldstein, Raymond M., Manuel Grande, Hill, Tom W., Illiano, J. M., Johnson, M. A., Johnson, R. E., Baragiola, R. A., and Kelha, V.

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