Search

Key to the fossil species of the genus Ephedrus 1. Ovipositor sheaths curved and elongate.—Ovipositor sheath 4.0 × longer than its maximum width.................................................................................................... E. mirabilis Timon-David - Ovipositor sheath straight and short....................................................................... 2 2. Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than F1.—Ovipositor sheath widely rounded at apex, 3.0 × longer than wide. Petiole long, 2.0 × longer than its width on level of spiracular tubercles. F1 2.5 × longer than its median length............................................................................................. E. rasnitsyni Davidian & Kaliuzhna - Ovipositor sheath approximately equal to F1............................................................... 3 3. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising behind middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of medial vein (3-М) almost reaching distal margin of wing. Second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 1.3 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). F1 2.0 × longer than its median length....................................................................... E. primordialis Brues - Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising before middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of medial vein (3-M) distinctly not reaching distal margin of wing (Figs 2A, B). Second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 2.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). F1 3.0 × longer than its median length (Fig. 1A).—Petiole short, 1.2 × longer than its width on level of spiracular tubercles (Fig. 1C). Ovipositor sheath narrowly rounded at apex, 2.4 × longer than its width (Figs 2C, D)............ E. carsteni sp. nov. Key to new fossil and extant Ephedrus species with densely pubescent ovipositor sheath 1. Propodeum smooth. F1 of antenna 3.0 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 3.3 × longer than its maximum width......................................................................................... E. carsteni sp. nov. - Propodeum reticulate. F1 of antenna 4.2–5.8 × longer than medial width. Pterostigma 4.2–4.6 × longer than its maximum width.............................................................................................. 2 2. Notauli long, reaching middle of mesoscutum. F1 of antenna 4.2–4.7 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 4.2 × longer than its maximum width................................................................. E.validus (Haliday) - Notauli short, reaching anterior third of mesoscutum. F1 of antenna approximately 5.8 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 4.6 × longer than its maximum width................................................. E.carinatus Tomanovi&cacute, Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2023, A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber, pp. 587-593 in Zootaxa 5297 (4) on page 592, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/8009259

Ephedrus carsteni Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 http://zoobank.org/ 4C6CC756-81F0-4F26-AD74-4EB6C018857E Type material. Holotype: female, GPIH N. 5080 (CCGG N. 9184). Type locality and horizon. Baltic amber. Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation. Baltic Sea coast and amber quarry Yantarny near Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Province, Russia. Etymology. Named in honour of Mr Carsten Gröhn, Chairman of Association for the Promotion of the Geological-Palaeontological Museum of the University of Hamburg e. V. “Working Group Bernstein”. Description. Female. Body length 1.2 mm, fore wing length 0.9 mm, antenna length 0.7 mm. Head (Figs 1A, B) transverse (dorsal view), wider than mesoscutum, covered by dense and short setae. Eye semi-spherical, convex, glabrous. Temple approximately 0.7 × as long as eye (dorsal view). Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 2-segmented. Second segment of maxillary palpus 5.0 × longer than its medial width and approximately equal to length of four segment. Second segment of labial palpus 2.0 × longer than its medial width. Antenna (Fig. 1A) thickened, with 11 antennomeres, weakly widened towards apex, in dense and short setae, setae distinctly shorter than antennomere width. F1 and F2 subequal length. F1 cylindrical, perhaps without rhinaria (multiparous plate sensillae), 3.0 × longer than its median width. F2 weakly widened towards apex, with single rhinaria on its visible side, 2.3 × longer than its medial width. F3, F4 and F5 almost same length and each weakly widened towards apex; both F3 and F4 with single rhinaria on visible side. F5–F8 weakly shorter and wider than previous antennomeres, all with pair of rhinaria on visible side, their length 1.6, 1.4, 1.4 and 1.13 × larger than width respectively. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum (Fig. 1 В) entirely covered by short and dense setae. Notauli and precoxal sulcus absent. Propodeum smooth, with areola delineated by weak carinae, covered by dense and short setae. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 2 А, В) with complete venation, with seven cells closed by veins. All veins sclerotised and pigmented. Pterostigma triangle, 3.3 × longer than its maximum width. Radial vein (r) arising before middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) 4.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR) and 2.0 × longer than second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR); second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 1.4 × longer than second radiomedial vein (r-m) and 2.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Distal margin of fore wing with long setae, which is longer than setae on membrane of wing. Hind wing with closed medial (basal) cell. Legs. Legs covered by dense, long and semi-erect setae. Femora and tibiae of fore and middle legs almost similar length. Hind femur 5.0 × longer than its maximum width; hind tibia 9.0 × longer than its maximum width; hind tibia 1.5 × longer than hind femur. Metasoma (Figs 1B, С). Metasoma elongate, lanceolate. Petiole short and wide, distinctly convex medially, approximately 1.2 × longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles, smooth basally and with sparse longitudinal striation in apical half. All metasomal tergites clearly visible in amber. Last tergite, cerci and hypopygium clearly visible (Figs 2 С, D). Ovipositor sheath narrowed towards apex, covered by dense setae, 2.4 × longer than its maximum width (Figs 2 С, D). Pubescence. Head, antenna, legs as well as entire body covered by rather dense setae. Colour. Body mainly monochrome dark brown, with yellowish medium spot on third and fourth metasomal tergites. Male. Unknown. Comparative diagnosis. This new fossil species belongs to the subgenus Ephedrus of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 and to the species group E. (E.) plagiator (Nees, 1811) on the basis of several distinct features: namely, antenna with 11 antennomeres (except only the female of E. (E.) antennalis Tomanović, 2020 with 12 antennomeres), venation of fore wing complete with presence of the first (2-SR) and second (r-m) radiomedial veins and seven complete cells (radial (marginal), first and second radiomedial (submarginal), discoidal (discal), brachial (subdiscal), medial (basal), and submedial (subbasal) ones); second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Ovipositor sheaths in the members of this species group more or less distinctly elongate, straight or weakly upcurved and usually with sparse setae, although the sheaths are densely pubescent in E. (E.) validus (Haliday, 1833), E. (E.) carinatus Tomanović, 2020 and E. (E.) rasnitsyni Davidian & Kaliuzhna, 2021 (Davidian et al. 2021a)., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2023, A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber, pp. 587-593 in Zootaxa 5297 (4) on pages 588-591, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/8009259, {"references":["Davidian, E. M., Kaliuzhna, M. O. & Perkovsky, E. E. (2021 a) First aphidiine species from Sakhalinian amber. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 66 (3), 59 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00843.2020"]}

Ephedrus carsteni Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 http://zoobank.org/ 4C6CC756-81F0-4F26-AD74-4EB6C018857E Type material. Holotype: female, GPIH N. 5080 (CCGG N. 9184). Type locality and horizon. Baltic amber. Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation. Baltic Sea coast and amber quarry Yantarny near Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Province, Russia. Etymology. Named in honour of Mr Carsten Gröhn, Chairman of Association for the Promotion of the Geological-Palaeontological Museum of the University of Hamburg e. V. “Working Group Bernstein”. Description. Female. Body length 1.2 mm, fore wing length 0.9 mm, antenna length 0.7 mm. Head (Figs 1A, B) transverse (dorsal view), wider than mesoscutum, covered by dense and short setae. Eye semi-spherical, convex, glabrous. Temple approximately 0.7 × as long as eye (dorsal view). Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 2-segmented. Second segment of maxillary palpus 5.0 × longer than its medial width and approximately equal to length of four segment. Second segment of labial palpus 2.0 × longer than its medial width. Antenna (Fig. 1A) thickened, with 11 antennomeres, weakly widened towards apex, in dense and short setae, setae distinctly shorter than antennomere width. F1 and F2 subequal length. F1 cylindrical, perhaps without rhinaria (multiparous plate sensillae), 3.0 × longer than its median width. F2 weakly widened towards apex, with single rhinaria on its visible side, 2.3 × longer than its medial width. F3, F4 and F5 almost same length and each weakly widened towards apex; both F3 and F4 with single rhinaria on visible side. F5–F8 weakly shorter and wider than previous antennomeres, all with pair of rhinaria on visible side, their length 1.6, 1.4, 1.4 and 1.13 × larger than width respectively. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum (Fig. 1 В) entirely covered by short and dense setae. Notauli and precoxal sulcus absent. Propodeum smooth, with areola delineated by weak carinae, covered by dense and short setae. Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 2 А, В) with complete venation, with seven cells closed by veins. All veins sclerotised and pigmented. Pterostigma triangle, 3.3 × longer than its maximum width. Radial vein (r) arising before middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) 4.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR) and 2.0 × longer than second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR); second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 1.4 × longer than second radiomedial vein (r-m) and 2.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Distal margin of fore wing with long setae, which is longer than setae on membrane of wing. Hind wing with closed medial (basal) cell. Legs. Legs covered by dense, long and semi-erect setae. Femora and tibiae of fore and middle legs almost similar length. Hind femur 5.0 × longer than its maximum width; hind tibia 9.0 × longer than its maximum width; hind tibia 1.5 × longer than hind femur. Metasoma (Figs 1B, С). Metasoma elongate, lanceolate. Petiole short and wide, distinctly convex medially, approximately 1.2 × longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles, smooth basally and with sparse longitudinal striation in apical half. All metasomal tergites clearly visible in amber. Last tergite, cerci and hypopygium clearly visible (Figs 2 С, D). Ovipositor sheath narrowed towards apex, covered by dense setae, 2.4 × longer than its maximum width (Figs 2 С, D). Pubescence. Head, antenna, legs as well as entire body covered by rather dense setae. Colour. Body mainly monochrome dark brown, with yellowish medium spot on third and fourth metasomal tergites. Male. Unknown. Comparative diagnosis. This new fossil species belongs to the subgenus Ephedrus of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 and to the species group E. (E.) plagiator (Nees, 1811) on the basis of several distinct features: namely, antenna with 11 antennomeres (except only the female of E. (E.) antennalis Tomanović, 2020 with 12 antennomeres), venation of fore wing complete with presence of the first (2-SR) and second (r-m) radiomedial veins and seven complete cells (radial (marginal), first and second radiomedial (submarginal), discoidal (discal), brachial (subdiscal), medial (basal), and submedial (subbasal) ones); second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Ovipositor sheaths in the members of this species group more or less distinctly elongate, straight or weakly upcurved and usually with sparse setae, although the sheaths are densely pubescent in E. (E.) validus (Haliday, 1833), E. (E.) carinatus Tomanović, 2020 and E. (E.) rasnitsyni Davidian & Kaliuzhna, 2021 (Davidian et al. 2021a).

Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2023): A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5297 (4): 587-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8

Key to the Asian species of the genus Sonanus 1. Second tergite long, with U-shaped median area delineated by relatively narrow furrows, almost as long as its basal width, 1.5–2.0 × longer than third tergite (Figs 2B; 4B, E). Body dark reddish brown to reddish brown or light reddish brown on part of metasoma; head brownish yellow or paler (Figs 1A; 3A).................................................... 2 - Second tergite short, with subround median area delineated by wide furrows, 0.75–0.80 × as long as its basal width, 1.1–1.3 × longer than third tergite. Body yellowish brown or reddish yellow at most part..................................... 3 2. Median lobe of mesoscutum with distinct medial depression (Fig. 1J). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing interstitial to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (Fig. 2A). Second metasomal tergite 1.4–1.5 × longer than third tergite (Fig. 2B). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 1.2 × longer than first abscissa (r); second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 0.7 × as long as brachial (first subdiscal) cell (Fig. 2A). Body length 3.2–6.6 mm.— South Korea, China, Japan................................................................................................ S. senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 - Median lobe of mesoscutum without depression (Fig. 3H). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing distinctly postfurcal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (Figs 4A, C). Second metasomal tergite 1.9–2.0 × longer than third tergite (Fig. 4B, E). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r); second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 1.1 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell (Figs 4A, C). Body length 2.0– 3.8 mm — South Korea.................. S. tselikhae sp. nov. 3. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing long, 0.45 × as long as third abscissa (SR1), 1.4 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell longer, 1.1 × as long as brachial (subdiscal) cell. Lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral keel and ventrally by crease) subparallel and narrow (lateral view). Propodeum smooth in basolateral quarter. Hind tibia and tarsus yellow or reddish yellow. Body length 3.7 mm.— China (Henan)................................................................................... S. chinensis Belokobylskij & Chen, 2005 - Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing shorter, 0.3 × as long as third abscissa (SR1), almost equal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell shorter, 0.8 × as long as brachial (subdiscal) cell. Lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral keel and ventrally by crease) divergent posteriorly and wide (lateral view). Propodeum rugulose in basolateral 1/4. Hind tibia and tarsus mainly dark brown, hind tibia yellow basally. Body length 4.2 mm.— India (Karnataka)............................................................................ S. indicus Belokobylskij, 2005, Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Ku, Deokseo, 2023, New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula, pp. 124-132 in Zootaxa 5297 (1) on page 131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7989509, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. & Konishi, K. (2001) New genera of Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Japan. Entomological Science, 4 (2), 129 - 138.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2005) A review of the species of the Australo-Asian genus Sonanus Belokobylskij et Konishi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae). Annales zoologici, 55 (3), 45 - 56."]}

Sonanus senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Figs 1, 2) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0D6F0C04-8A64-4244-B0EB-AE3ABB444ECF Belokobylskij and Konishi 2001: 132; Belokobylskij and Chen 2005: 395; Belokobylskij and Maetô 2009: 476; Yu et al. 2016; Lee et al. 2020: 21. Material examined. South Korea: 1 female, [GG] Suwon, Mt. Yeogisan, 23. VI.1997 (Choi J.Y. col.), NIBRIN00008551145 (NIBR). Distribution. Korean Peninsula; China (Beijing), Japan (Honshu)., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Ku, Deokseo, 2023, New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula, pp. 124-132 in Zootaxa 5297 (1) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7989509, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. & Konishi, K. (2001) New genera of Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Japan. Entomological Science, 4 (2), 129 - 138.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2005) A review of the species of the Australo-Asian genus Sonanus Belokobylskij et Konishi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae). Annales zoologici, 55 (3), 45 - 56.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2009) Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Japan. Fauna mundi. Vol. 1. Warszawska Drukarnia Naukowa, Warszawa, 806 pp.","Yu, D. S., van Achterberg, C. & Horstmann, K. (2016) Taxapad 2016. Ichneumonoidea 2015. Nepean, Ottawa, Ontario. [database on flash-drive]","Lee, H. R., Belokobylskij, S. A., Ku, D. S. & Byun, B. K. (2020) Fifteen newly recorded species of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera) in Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity, 36 (1), 17 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5635 / ASED. 2020.36.1.042"]}

Sonanus tselikhae sp. nov. (Figs 3, 4) Type material. Holotype: female, “ Korea (GN), Geochang-gun, Science Museum Natural Enemy, VI.2– VI.15.2022 (Malaise Trap), Ku Deokseo, Lee Jaehyeon ” (NIBR). Paratypes: 1 female, “ South Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do (GN), Changwon-si, Masanhappo-gu, Jinjeonmyeon, Jeokseoksan, VI. 11. 2017, An Taeho ”(SMNE); 1 male, “S. Korea: Gyeongsangnam-do, Goseong-gun, Hail-myeon, Suyang-ri, 34°58’34.8”N, 128°12’08.3”E, 18. VI.2022, Tselikh col.” (ZISP); 1 female, “ South Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do (GN), Geochang-gun, 35˚44ʹ54ʹʹ N 127˚56ʹ26ʹʹ E, 30. VI.2022, Tselikh col.” (ZISP). Description. Female. Body length 3.3–3.8 mm; fore wing length 2.7–2.8 mm. Head width 1.3–1.4 × its median length. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) evenly roundly narrowed. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) 1.4–1.5 × longer than temple. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base 1.3 × its sides. POL 1.8–2.3 × Od, approximately equal to OOL. Low and short longitudinal carina present between antennal sockets. Eyes glabrous, 1.1 × as high as broad. Malar space height 0.3–0.4 × height of eye, 0.8–0.9 × basal width of mandible. Face width 0.9 × height of eye and 1.2 × height of face and clypeus combined. Clypeus with narrow lower visor. Clypeal suture complete and distinct, but shallow upper. Hypoclypeal depression subround, its width 0.5–0.7 × distance from edge of depression to eye, 0.3–0.4 × width of face. Hypostomal flange very narrow. Head below eyes (front view) distinctly and roundly narrowed. Antenna slender, weakly setiform, with 31–32 antennomeres, 1.2–1.3 × longer than body. Scape short and wide, 1.3–1.5 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellomere weakly compressed, distinctly curved, ventrally smooth and weakly concave, dorsally coarsely rugose-striate in basal 0.7–0.8 and granulate-rugulose in apical 0.3–0.2; 3.8–4.0 × longer than its maximum width, weakly longer than second flagellomere. Second flagellomere subcylindrical, 4.6–5.3 × longer than its apical width. Penultimate flagellomere ~3.5 × longer than wide, ~ 0.5 × as long as first flagellomere, 0.9 × as long as apical flagellomere; the latter acuminate apically. Mesosoma. Length 2.0–2.3 × its height. Neck of prothorax short, dorsally convex; its pronotal carina rather distinct, widely connected with posterior margin of pronotum. Median oblique depression of pronotal side distinctly delineated ventrally by strong carina, but fine carina dorsally, finely crenulate at most part. Notauli complete, fused medially, deep in anterior half and shallow in posterior half, wide, rugulose-crenulate. Prescutellar depression relatively long, rather deep, with five carinae, finely rugulose between carinae, 0.3 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex. Metanotum without median tooth. Subalar depression relatively deep and wide, rugose-striate. Precoxal sulcus entirely deep, straight, smooth or sometimes very narrowly crenulate, running along ~0.8 of lower part of mesopleuron. Metapleural lobe short and relatively narrow. Propodeum weakly and obliquely-roundly slanted from base to apex (lateral view), without lateral tubercles. Wings. Fore wing 3.0–3.3 × longer than its maximum width. Pterostigma rather wide, 4.1–4.8 × longer than wide, 0.75–0.90 × as long as metacarp (1-R1). Radial vein (r) arising weakly before middle of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.4 × as long as the straight third abscissa (SR1), 1.2 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). First abscissa of medial vein (1-SR+M) distinctly sinuate. Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell rather short, 2.5–2.8 × longer than its maximum width, 1.1 × longer than rather narrow brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Second abscissa of basal vein (1-M) 3.7–4.5 × longer than its first (anterior) abscissa (1-SR), 1.8–2.1 × longer than recurrent vein (m-cu). Recurrent vein (m-cu) postfurcal. Distance (1-CU1) from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) 0.8–1.0 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising from anterior 0.3 of distal margin (3-CU1) of brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 4.8–5.4 × longer than wide. First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.4 × as long as second abscissa (1-M). Recurrent vein (m-cu) strongly antefurcal, straight, oblique. Legs. Fore tibia with four–five sparse spines arranged almost in single row on its inner surface. Hind femur 3.5–4.0 × longer than wide. Hind tibia dorsally with three–four thick and short spines. Hind tarsus almost as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus thickened, 0.6 × as long as second–fifth tarsomeres combined. Second tarsomere 0.5 × as long as basitarsus, 1.3–1.4 × as long as fifth tarsomere (without pretarsus). Metasoma 1.1–1.4 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite distinctly and rather uniformly widened from base to subapex, almost parallel-sided apically, with large dorsope, with small spiracular tubercles, with shallow to very shallow and strongly oblique postero-lateral furrows. Length of first tergite 1.8–2.0 × its apical width; apical width ~1.8 × its minimum width. Second tergite with distinct and almost complete lateral sublinear and divergent carinae, with shallow longitudinal furrows delineated U-shaped median area. Length of second tergite approximately equal to its basal width, 2.0 × length of third tergite. In lateral view, lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral carina and ventrally by crease) relatively narrow, mainly subparallel but weakly widened in posterior half. Ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.7 × longer than metasoma, 2.3 × longer than mesosoma, ~0.9 × as long as body, about as long as fore wing. Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex very densely and relatively finely granulate-reticulate, reticulation sometimes formed dense sinuate transverse ‘aciculae” in its posterior half. Frons densely transverse striate with reticulation at least partly. Face distinctly transversely curvedly striate almost entirely, sometimes with weak reticulation medially. Temple finely coriaceous, smooth or almost smooth on lower quarter or half. Mesoscutum densely reticulaterugulose with granulation partly, on its lateral lobes usually only granulate with fine aciculation partly, coarsely rugose-reticulate and with median carina on medioposterior 0.4. Scutellum densely and very finely reticulatecoriaceous. Mesopleuron widely curvedly striate and sometimes with rugosity in upper 1/2–1/3, smooth below. Metapleuron entirely coarsely rugose-areolate. Propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by carinae; basolateral area long and wide, smooth or finely reticulate in anterior half and rugulose-reticulate in posterior half, sometimes shortly striate along carinae; areola relatively irregular, 1.5–1.7 × longer than its maximum width; propodeum rugose-reticulate in posterior half, but finely rugulose to almost smooth in postero-lateral areas. Hind coxa mostly smooth, only sometimes striate dorsally at least partly. First tergite with distinct and convergent dorsal carina in basal 0.2–0.3, entirely coarsely striate and with dense reticulation between striae. Second tergites medially densely striate with reticulation, laterally densely rugose-areolate; third tergite in wide basolateral areas relatively finely, densely and small rugulose-areolate, smooth narrowly medially and widely posteriorly. Remainder tergites entirely smooth. Vertex with relatively sparse and short semi-erect yellowish setae in posterior half and laterally, glabrous widely anteriorly or medially. Mesoscutum entirely with short, very dense, and semi-erect whitish setae. Hind tibia dorsally with short dense semi-erect pale setae; their length 0.5–0.8 × maximum width of tibia. Colour. Head brownish yellow to yellow. Mesosoma reddish brown or yellowish brown to dark reddish brown with black or almost black propodeum and posterior part of mesopleuron. Metasoma with black first tergite, with reddish brown medial part and brown or yellowish brown posterior 0.3–0.5. Antenna reddish brown to dark reddish brown, sometimes almost black, three basal segments light reddish brown to brownish yellow. Palpi yellow or whitish yellow. Legs brownish yellow or yellow, tibiae basally pale yellow. Ovipositor sheath dark brown to black, Fore wing subhyaline. Pterostigma brown or pale brown, paler in apical 0.2; parastigma yellow. Male. Body length 2.0 mm; fore wing length 1.7 mm. Width of head 1.1 × its median length. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) 1.1 × longer than temple. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base 1.4 × its sides; POL 3.0 × Od. Malar space 0.5 × height of eye, almost equal to basal width of mandible. Antenna filiform, with 22 antennomeres. First flagellomere 3.4 × longer than its maximum width. Penultimate flagellomere 4.0 × longer than wide, almost as long as apical flagellomere. Prescutellar depression of mesosoma with single medial carina, finely rugulose on remaining parts. Precoxal sulcus smooth. Pterostigma of fore wing almost as long as metacarp (1-R1). First abscissa of medial vein (1-SR+M) weakly sinuate. Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell ~ 3.0 × longer than its maximum width. Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma combined. First tergite weakly and weakly-curvedly widened from base to subapex; its length 1.7 × apical width. Length of second tergite 0.8 × its basal width, 1.5 × length of third tergite. Second tergite densely striate only medially on wide area; third tergite almost entirely smooth. Medial part of metasoma yellow. Otherwise, similar to female. Etymology. This species is named in honour of the Russian hymenopterist, one of the collectors of this new species, Dr Ekaterina V. Tselikh (ZISP, St Petersburg, Russia). Comparative diagnosis. This new species is similar to Sonanus senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Belokobylskij and Konishi 2001) (Figs 1, 2), but differs from it by the median lobe of mesoscutum without longitudinal median depression (with such depression in S. senzuensis), the recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing distinctly postfurcal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (interstitial in S. senzuensis), the second tergite of metasoma 2.0 × longer than third tergite and without additional divergent furrows latero-posteriorly (1.3–1.4 × longer than third tergite and with additional divergent furrow latero-posteriorly in S. senzuensis), second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r) (1.2 × in S. senzuensis), and the second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 1.1 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell (0.7 × in S. senzuensis). Also this new species is similar to Chinese S. chinensis Belokobylskij & Chen, 2005 (Belokobylskij and Chen 2005), but distinctly differs from it in having the first metasomal tergite 1.8–2.0 × longer than its apical width (only 1.45 × in S. chinensis), the second tergite with lateral subparallel anteriorly and weakly curvedly posteriorly furrows delineated the U-shaped median area (with entirely and distinctly curved furrows delineated subround median area in S. chinensis), the length of second tergite equal to its basal width and 2.0 × length of third tergite (0.75 × its basal width and 1.1 × length of third tergite in S. chinensis), and the propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by carinae (without delineated areas and only with two subparallel median carinae posteriorly in S. chinensis). Distribution. Korean Peninsula., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Ku, Deokseo, 2023, New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula, pp. 124-132 in Zootaxa 5297 (1) on pages 125-131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7989509, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. & Konishi, K. (2001) New genera of Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Japan. Entomological Science, 4 (2), 129 - 138.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2005) A review of the species of the Australo-Asian genus Sonanus Belokobylskij et Konishi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae). Annales zoologici, 55 (3), 45 - 56."]}

Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deokseo (2023): New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula. Zootaxa 5297 (1): 124-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN

Key to the Asian species of the genus Sonanus 1. Second tergite long, with U-shaped median area delineated by relatively narrow furrows, almost as long as its basal width, 1.5–2.0 × longer than third tergite (Figs 2B; 4B, E). Body dark reddish brown to reddish brown or light reddish brown on part of metasoma; head brownish yellow or paler (Figs 1A; 3A).................................................... 2 - Second tergite short, with subround median area delineated by wide furrows, 0.75–0.80 × as long as its basal width, 1.1–1.3 × longer than third tergite. Body yellowish brown or reddish yellow at most part..................................... 3 2. Median lobe of mesoscutum with distinct medial depression (Fig. 1J). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing interstitial to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (Fig. 2A). Second metasomal tergite 1.4–1.5 × longer than third tergite (Fig. 2B). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 1.2 × longer than first abscissa (r); second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 0.7 × as long as brachial (first subdiscal) cell (Fig. 2A). Body length 3.2–6.6 mm.— South Korea, China, Japan................................................................................................ S. senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 - Median lobe of mesoscutum without depression (Fig. 3H). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing distinctly postfurcal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (Figs 4A, C). Second metasomal tergite 1.9–2.0 × longer than third tergite (Fig. 4B, E). Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r); second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 1.1 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell (Figs 4A, C). Body length 2.0– 3.8 mm — South Korea.................. S. tselikhae sp. nov. 3. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing long, 0.45 × as long as third abscissa (SR1), 1.4 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell longer, 1.1 × as long as brachial (subdiscal) cell. Lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral keel and ventrally by crease) subparallel and narrow (lateral view). Propodeum smooth in basolateral quarter. Hind tibia and tarsus yellow or reddish yellow. Body length 3.7 mm.— China (Henan)................................................................................... S. chinensis Belokobylskij & Chen, 2005 - Second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing shorter, 0.3 × as long as third abscissa (SR1), almost equal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell shorter, 0.8 × as long as brachial (subdiscal) cell. Lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral keel and ventrally by crease) divergent posteriorly and wide (lateral view). Propodeum rugulose in basolateral 1/4. Hind tibia and tarsus mainly dark brown, hind tibia yellow basally. Body length 4.2 mm.— India (Karnataka)............................................................................ S. indicus Belokobylskij, 2005

Palaeorhoptrocentrus kanti Belokobylskij, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 http://zoobank.org/ 051B4987-EEB7-4BFF-ADC1-6049F5A57224 Type material. Holotype: female, # BX 54/22, Eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Province, late Eocene Baltic amber (KAM). Paratype. 1 female, second specimen in the same amber piece with # BX 54/22 (KAM). Description. Female. Body length 2.0– 2.3 mm; fore wing length 1.6–1.7 mm. Head. Head relatively high, its width approximately 1.6 × medial length. Occiput weakly concave; temple distinctly convex (dorsal view). Transverse diameter of eye almost 2.0 × longer than temple (dorsal view). POL approximately 2.0 × Od and 1.3 × OOL. Eye 1.2 × as high as broad (lateral view). Malar space almost 0.2 × height of eye. Maxillary palpus long, reaching middle coxa, its last (sixth) segment 4.5 × longer than wide. Antenna. Scape 1.7 × longer than maximum width, 1.4 × longer than pedicel. First flagellomere wide, approximately 4.0 × longer than its maximum width; second flagellomere narrow, approximately 7.0 × longer than its maximum width. Penultimate flagellomere approximately 4.0 × longer than its maximum width, almost as long as apical flagellomere. Mesosoma. Mesosoma long, 1.9 × longer than its maximum height. Neck of prothorax relatively short. Median lobe of mesoscutum convex, weakly protruding forward, roundly convex anteriorly and without anterolateral corners. Prescutellar depression (scutellar sulcus) relatively long, approximately 0.3 × as long as scutellum. Subalar depression shallow and weakly rugulose. Precoxal sulcus smooth. Lateral carinae between propodeum and metapleuron distinct and complete. Wings. Fore wing wide, 2.7 × longer than its maximum width. Pterostigma wedge-shaped, 3.8 × longer than its width. Radial vein (r) arising from basal 0.35 of pterostigma. First (r) and second (3RSa) radial abscissae forming weakly obtuse angle; first abscissa (r) 0.6 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3RSa) 3.5 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.5 × as long as weakly sinuate third abscissa (3RSb), 1.4 × longer than the straight first radiomedial vein (2RS). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell wide and relatively long, 2.4 × longer than its maximum width, 1.8 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Recurrent vein (1m-cu) 0.8 × as long as first radiomedial vein (2RS), 0.7 × as long as basal vein (1M). Discoidal (first discal) cell rather short, 1.8 × longer than its maximum width. Nervulus (cu-a) approximately 0.5 × as long as distance between basal (1M) vein and nervulus (cu-a). Parallel vein (2CUb) weakly curved basally. Brachial (second subdiscal) cell relatively short and narrow. Hind wing 5.0 × longer than its maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.4 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.6 × as long as second and third abscissae combined (1-M). Legs. Fore femur almost 5.0 × longer than maximum width. Hind coxa 1.6 × longer than its maximum width, 0.9 × as long as propodeum. Hind femur 3.5 × longer than its width. Hind tarsus almost as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.7 × as long as second to fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.5 × as long as basitarsus, almost as long as fifth segment (without pretarsus). Metasoma. Metasoma 1.3 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First metasomal tergite almost as long as its distal maximum width and approximately as long as propodeum; apical width of first tergite 1.5 × its subbasal width and approximately 2.0 × its basal width. Second and third tergites combined 0.8 × as long as basal width of second tergite, 0.6 × as long as their maximum width. Ovipositor straight; ovipositor sheath 0.8 × as long as metasoma, 1.5 × longer than mesosoma, 0.55 × as long as fore wing. Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex densely transversely and sinuately striate; temple almost entirely densely transversely and curvedly striate, with additional reticulation. Areola of propodeum 1.4 × longer than its width; basomedial carina developed in basal half of propodeum. Hind coxa and femur mainly smooth. First metasomal tergite entirely striate. Second tergite distinctly divergently striate in basal half. Remaining part of metasoma smooth. Hind tibia with dense and short semi-erect setae, its length 0.5–0.7 × maximum width of tibia. Colour. Body almost entirely dark brown. Legs mainly reddish brown to dark reddish brown. Fore wing hyaline. Pterostigma entirely dark brown. Male. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named in honour of great German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who was born, lived and died in K̂nigsberg (= Kaliningrad), where he was buried.

Palaeorhoptrocentrus kanti Belokobylskij, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 http://zoobank.org/ 051B4987-EEB7-4BFF-ADC1-6049F5A57224 Type material. Holotype: female, # BX 54/22, Eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Province, late Eocene Baltic amber (KAM). Paratype. 1 female, second specimen in the same amber piece with # BX 54/22 (KAM). Description. Female. Body length 2.0– 2.3 mm; fore wing length 1.6–1.7 mm. Head. Head relatively high, its width approximately 1.6 × medial length. Occiput weakly concave; temple distinctly convex (dorsal view). Transverse diameter of eye almost 2.0 × longer than temple (dorsal view). POL approximately 2.0 × Od and 1.3 × OOL. Eye 1.2 × as high as broad (lateral view). Malar space almost 0.2 × height of eye. Maxillary palpus long, reaching middle coxa, its last (sixth) segment 4.5 × longer than wide. Antenna. Scape 1.7 × longer than maximum width, 1.4 × longer than pedicel. First flagellomere wide, approximately 4.0 × longer than its maximum width; second flagellomere narrow, approximately 7.0 × longer than its maximum width. Penultimate flagellomere approximately 4.0 × longer than its maximum width, almost as long as apical flagellomere. Mesosoma. Mesosoma long, 1.9 × longer than its maximum height. Neck of prothorax relatively short. Median lobe of mesoscutum convex, weakly protruding forward, roundly convex anteriorly and without anterolateral corners. Prescutellar depression (scutellar sulcus) relatively long, approximately 0.3 × as long as scutellum. Subalar depression shallow and weakly rugulose. Precoxal sulcus smooth. Lateral carinae between propodeum and metapleuron distinct and complete. Wings. Fore wing wide, 2.7 × longer than its maximum width. Pterostigma wedge-shaped, 3.8 × longer than its width. Radial vein (r) arising from basal 0.35 of pterostigma. First (r) and second (3RSa) radial abscissae forming weakly obtuse angle; first abscissa (r) 0.6 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3RSa) 3.5 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.5 × as long as weakly sinuate third abscissa (3RSb), 1.4 × longer than the straight first radiomedial vein (2RS). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell wide and relatively long, 2.4 × longer than its maximum width, 1.8 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Recurrent vein (1m-cu) 0.8 × as long as first radiomedial vein (2RS), 0.7 × as long as basal vein (1M). Discoidal (first discal) cell rather short, 1.8 × longer than its maximum width. Nervulus (cu-a) approximately 0.5 × as long as distance between basal (1M) vein and nervulus (cu-a). Parallel vein (2CUb) weakly curved basally. Brachial (second subdiscal) cell relatively short and narrow. Hind wing 5.0 × longer than its maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.4 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.6 × as long as second and third abscissae combined (1-M). Legs. Fore femur almost 5.0 × longer than maximum width. Hind coxa 1.6 × longer than its maximum width, 0.9 × as long as propodeum. Hind femur 3.5 × longer than its width. Hind tarsus almost as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.7 × as long as second to fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.5 × as long as basitarsus, almost as long as fifth segment (without pretarsus). Metasoma. Metasoma 1.3 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First metasomal tergite almost as long as its distal maximum width and approximately as long as propodeum; apical width of first tergite 1.5 × its subbasal width and approximately 2.0 × its basal width. Second and third tergites combined 0.8 × as long as basal width of second tergite, 0.6 × as long as their maximum width. Ovipositor straight; ovipositor sheath 0.8 × as long as metasoma, 1.5 × longer than mesosoma, 0.55 × as long as fore wing. Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex densely transversely and sinuately striate; temple almost entirely densely transversely and curvedly striate, with additional reticulation. Areola of propodeum 1.4 × longer than its width; basomedial carina developed in basal half of propodeum. Hind coxa and femur mainly smooth. First metasomal tergite entirely striate. Second tergite distinctly divergently striate in basal half. Remaining part of metasoma smooth. Hind tibia with dense and short semi-erect setae, its length 0.5–0.7 × maximum width of tibia. Colour. Body almost entirely dark brown. Legs mainly reddish brown to dark reddish brown. Fore wing hyaline. Pterostigma entirely dark brown. Male. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named in honour of great German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who was born, lived and died in K̂nigsberg (= Kaliningrad), where he was buried., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Manukyan, Andranik R., 2023, Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Baltic amber: description of a new genus and species, pp. 577-584 in Zootaxa 5249 (5) on pages 580-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5249.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7701393

Five doryctine species, Aivalykus kseniae sp. nov., Dendrosotinus gajwadongus sp. nov., Doryctes (Plyctes) jinjuensis sp. nov., Neoheterospilus (Neoheterospilus) geochangus sp. nov., and Spathius fumipennis sp. nov., are described as new for sciences from South Korea. Five doryctine genera, Aivalykus Nixon, Dendrosoter Wesmael, Dendrosotinus Telenga, Guaygata Marsh and Pareucorystes Tobias, and fifteen species are recorded in the fauna of the Korean Peninsula for the first time. Additionally, two genera from the subfamily Rhyssalinae, Proacrisis Tobias and Histeromerus Wesmael, and two species, Proacrisis orientalis Tobias, 1983 and Histeromerus orientalis Chou & Chou, 1991, are recorded in the fauna of Korea for the first time.

Davidian, Elena M., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): New species of the aphid parasitoids of the genus Binodoxys Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the fauna of Russia. Zootaxa 5209 (3): 373-378, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.3.6

Binodoxys crataegi Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1A; 2A, E, F Type material. Holotype: female, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Pushkin, territory of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (“VIZR”), from adult of Aphis pomi De Geer, 1773 on Crataegus sp., 15.VII.2005 (E. Davidian) (ZISP). Paratypes: 3 females, with label as in holotype (ZISP). Description. Female (Fig. 1A). Body length 1.9 mm, fore wing length 1.4 mm, antenna length 1.2 mm. Head smooth, shining, sparsely setose, transverse in dorsal view, wider than mesosoma at level of tegulae. Eye large, oval, with sparse and short setae on its lower half. Transverse diameter of eye 1.5 × longer than temple (dorsal view). Tentorial index 0.25. POL 1.6 × Od. Clypeus with three long setae, width of clypeus 2.0 × its height. Antenna filiform, with 11 antennomeres, weakly thickened towards apex, covered by semi-erect setae, which are shorter than width of flagellomere. F1 3.0 × longer than its width; F2 2.6 × longer than its width. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum almost perpendicularly elevated above pronotum, with notauli developed only on its anterior third. Propodeum with large central pentagonal area (Fig. 2E). Wings. Fore wing hyaline, its length 2.4 × maximum width. Pterostigma 3.5 × longer than its width and 1.7 × longer than metacarp (1-R1). Radial vein (r+3-SR) 2.0 × longer than metacarp (1-R1) and 1.1 × longer than pterostigma. Metasoma. Petiole (Fig. 2F) with median and lateral carinae reaching level of additional lateral tubercles, length of petiole 2.1 × larger than its width at level of spiracles. Distance between spiracular tubercles 1.1 × longer than distance between spiracular and additional tubercles. Distance between spiracular and additional tubercles almost equal to distance between additional tubercle and apex of petiole. Prongs (Fig. 2A) on posterior margin of last metasomal sternite short, weakly upcurved, its basal width 2.5 × larger than subapical width; prongs as long as ovipositor sheath, its dorsal side with three setae, and apex with two setiform bristles. Ovipositor sheath distinctly concave on ventral margin, with two long setae on wide basal part. Narrow apical part of sheath 1.3 × longer than its wide basal part, and 0.5 × as wide as its basal width. Colour. Head dark brown, eye black. Three basal antennomeres, clypeus and mandible (except its dark apex), all mouth parts, legs, petiole and apex of metasoma with prongs yellow. Remaining antennomeres, mesosoma and most part of metasoma brown. Male. Unknown. Host. Aphis pomi de Geer, 1773 on hawthorn Crataegus sp. Etymology. Named from the generic name of the hawthorn tree, Crataegus, on which the mummy of aphid host were collected. Comparative diagnosis. New species differs from the most part of Binodoxys species by the shortened prongs on the posterior margin of the last metasomal sternite and ovipositor sheath. Binodoxys crataegi sp. nov. differs from B. ekaterinaе sp. nov. characterised similar short prongs by having the antenna not widened towards apex and with 11 antennomeres (widened towards apex and with 10 antennomeres in B. ekaterinaе), distinctly separated spiracular and additional tubercles on petiole (these tubercles almost fused in B. ekaterinaе), and prongs less widened basally (distinctly widened basally in B. ekaterinaе). This new species was reared from Aphis pomi together with Binodoxys angelicae Haliday, 1833 (total 12 females and 28 males). The latter distinctly differs from B. crataegi sp. nov. by the following characters: prongs long, longer than ovipositor sheaths, and with four–five long setae on dorsal margin of prong (short, as long as sheaths and with three setae in B. crataegi), and basal and apical parts of ovipositor sheath about same lengths (apical part longer than basal part in B. crataegi: Fig. 2C)., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2022, New species of the aphid parasitoids of the genus Binodoxys Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the fauna of Russia, pp. 373-378 in Zootaxa 5209 (3) on pages 374-375, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7329716

Binodoxys ekaterinaе Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1B; 2B, H Type material. Holotype: female, Russia, Irkutsk Province, Olkhon Island, 4.5 km E of Kharantsy, 53.224260° N, 107.493317° E, 23.VII.2021 (E. Tselikh) (ZISP). Paratype: 1 female, with label as in holotype (ZISP). Description. Female (Fig. 1B). Body length 1.7 mm, fore wing length 1.1 mm, length of antenna 0.6 mm. Head smooth, shining, sparsely setose, transverse in dorsal view, wider than mesosoma at level of tegulae. Eye large, oval, with sparse and short setae on its lower half. Transverse diameter of eye as long as temple (dorsal view). Tentorial index 0.25. POL 2.5 × Od. Clypeus with four long setae, width of clypeus 2.0 × its height. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, thickened towards apex, covered by semi-erect setae, which are shorter than width of flagellomere. F1 2.0 × longer than its width; F2 1.5 × longer than its width. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum perpendicularly elevated above pronotum, with notauli developed only on its anterior third. Propodeum with large but weakly delineated central pentagonal area. Wings. Fore wing hyaline, its length 2.1 × maximum width. Pterostigma 2.5 × longer than its width and 2.5 × longer than metacarp (1-R1). Radial vein (r+3-SR) 2.5 × longer than metacarp (1-R1) and almost as long as pterostigma. Metasoma. Petiole (Fig. 2H) without median and lateral carinae, their spiracular and additional tubercles almost fused; length of petiole 2.0 × larger than its width at level of spiracles. Prongs (Fig. 2B) on posterior margin of last metasomal sternite short, straight, its basal width about 4.0 × longer than subapical width; prongs almost as long as ovipositor sheath, its dorsal side with three setae, and apex with two setiform bristles. Ovipositor sheath distinctly concave on ventral margin and with two long setae on its wide basal part. Narrow apical part of sheath 1.6 × longer than its wide basal part, and 0.4 × as wide as its basal width. Colour. Body (beside black eye) entirely (including prongs and ovipositor sheaths) monochromic dark brown Male. Unknown. Host. Unknown. Etymology. Named in honor Dr Ekaterina V. Tselikh, the collector of the specimens of this new species. Comparative diagnosis. New species differs from the most part of Binodoxys species by shortened prongs on the posterior margin of the last metasomal sternite. These features are similar to same in Binodoxys crataegi sp. nov.; the differences between these taxa are shower after description of the latter. The structures of antenna and petiole of new species resemble Binodoxys brevicornis (Haliday, 1833), but the latter characterised by the long and upcurved prongs and long ovipositor sheaths (Fig. 2D)., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2022, New species of the aphid parasitoids of the genus Binodoxys Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the fauna of Russia, pp. 373-378 in Zootaxa 5209 (3) on pages 375-377, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7329716

Genus Binodoxys Mackauer, 1960 Type species. Aphidius (Trioxys) angelicae Haliday, 1833., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2022, New species of the aphid parasitoids of the genus Binodoxys Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the fauna of Russia, pp. 373-378 in Zootaxa 5209 (3) on page 374, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7329716, {"references":["Mackauer, M. (1960) Zur Systematik der Gattung Trioxys Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 1 / 2, 137 - 160."]}

A new genus and species of the braconid subfamily Euphorinae, Palaeorionis longicaudis gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Miocene Dominican amber. This new genus is characterised by the long and tube-shaped petiole, presence of both radiomedial (2-SR and r-m) veins on the infuscate fore wing and long ovipositor.

Hecabolus chrisaxeli sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 435E2C4D-E1BE-4740-B41C-152570AE1C11 Fig. 2 Diagnosis Hecabolus chrisaxeli sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis by having mesoscutal lobes coriaceous, forewing with wide pterostigma, and mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate on posterior third. It can be morphologically distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having the second metasomal tergite with two distinctively striate subparallel anterior depressions (without subparallel anterior depressions in the remaining species); hindwing with r-m very short (medium in the remaining species), and veins RS and cu-a weakly defined, almost spectral (absent in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet of this species is dedicated to the first author’s life partner. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Nova Teutonia; 9 Nov. 1941; F. Plaumann leg.; B.M. 1957–341; DNA voucher no. CNIN4369; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 3 Apr. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 9 Apr. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 10 Apr. 1941; CNINIBUNAM • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 12 Apr. 1941; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 3.6–4.3 mm; fore wing length 2.2–2.9 mm; ovipositor length 3.1–4.2 mm. HEAD (Fig. 2B). Width 1.4–1.6 × median length (dorsal view), 1.4 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 0.9–1.0 × as long as temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in an equilateral triangle; POL 0.1 × Od, 0.5–0.6 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, with a distinct emargination opposite antennal sockets, 1.1–1.2 × as high as broad. Malar space 0.5–0.6 × height of eye, 1.0–1.1 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 1.4–1.5 × height of eye and 1.1–1.2 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and elliptical, 0.3–0.4 × as long as wide. Occipital carina wide, complete, ventrally joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antennae with 16 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.5 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere slightly curved, slightly widened medially, 2.5 as long as its maximum width; 0.9–1.0 × as long as second flagellomere; the last flagellomere pointed apically. MESOSOMA (Fig. 2C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.1–2.2 × its height. Pronotum short, dorsally weakly convex, without distinct submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 2.5 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum shortly protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression rather shallow, long, with 7–8 carinae, 0.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with fine lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct, rather shallow, distinctly crenulate anteriorly and striate posteriorly, running along 0.6–0.7 of lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth blunt, almost indistinct. Metapleural lobe long and narrow, rounded apically. Propodeum with very small and blunt lateral tubercles. WINGS (Fig. 2E–F). Fore wing 3.5–3.6 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma 3.0 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.6–2.7 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.5–1.6 as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.9–1.0 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa slightly curved towards posterior margin of wing, 5.3–5.4 × as long as vein r, 2.6–2.7 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.0 × as long as vein r and 3.0 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly curved medially. First discal cell long, 2.0–2.5 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu parallel. Vein cu-a postfurcal to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.7–1.8 × as long as vein 1RS, 1.8 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a short and straight, vein 1M 3.5 × cu-a length. Vein M+CU distinctly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Hind wing 4.6–4.7 × as long as wide. Vein C+Sc+R 1.6–1.7 × as long as than Sc+R. Vein r-m very short, almost indistinguishable. Basal cell considerably narrow, its length 15.0–16.0 × its maximum width, 0.2–0.3 × length of wing. Vein M+CU 0.8–0.9 × as long as vein 1M. Vein cu-a poorly defined, almost spectral. Vein m-cu unsclerotized, almost straight, weakly oblique toward base of wing. Vein RS poorly defined, almost spectral. Vein 2M unsclerotized, slightly curved anteriorly, almost straight towards apex of wing. LEGS (Fig. 2A, C). Fore tibia with few slender spines arranged in a narrow row. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventro-anterior corner, 1.5–1.6 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.8 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.9 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.8× as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.3– 0.4 × as long as basitarsus, 1.0–1.1 × as long as fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 2G). Metasoma 1.2–1.3 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately long, 0.4–0.5 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope, with small spiracle in basal 0.3. Maximum width of first tergite 3.5 × its minimum width; length equal to its apical width, 1.4–1.6 × length of propodeum. Second tergite with wide and shallow lateral subparallel depressions (furrows) not delineated by carinae. Median length of second tergite 1.3 × its basal width, 1.5–1.6 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 1.1 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.5–1.6 × as long as metasoma, 0.8–0.9 × as long as mesosoma, 1.2–1.3 × as long as body, 1.1–1.2 × as long as fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex finely striate posteriorly, smooth medially; frons smooth below ocelli, emargination opposite antennal sockets densely rugose. Face entirely, distinctly, and densely rugose; densely striate near malar space below eyes; temple smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum distinctly longitudinally striate in upper half and transversely striate in lower half. Mesoscutum densely and finely coriaceous, lateral lobes finely coriaceous. Scutellum entirely smooth. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate in upper third; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely reticulate-striate. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, without areas delineated by carinae. Hind coxae smooth medially, slightly striate dorsally, and slightly rugose ventrally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculpture medially; second metasomal tergite with short lateral subparallel depressions densely and longitudinally striate, its remaining area smooth and polished; remaining metasomal tergites smooth and polished. Vertex with very sparse and short setae; frons with dense long setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum scarcely with long and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum almost glabrous. Both wings with dense short setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxae with scarce semi-erect setae. Hind femur with scarce setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense setae; tarsus with short and very dense setae. Metasoma glabrous, hypopygium apically with scarce, more or less long pale setae. COLOUR. Body brown or dark reddish brown, anterior half of metasoma dark reddish brown. Antenna brown to light brown. Palpi light brown or almost yellow. Legs brown or light brown, hind coxa dark, hind tibiae yellowish or pale in basal third. Fore wing infuscate basally, hyaline in apical third; pterostigma dark brown. Hind wing entirely hyaline. Male Unknown. Distribution The locality of the six specimens, including holotype, is Nova Teutonia in the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil. Hosts Unknown., Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 133-136, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218

Hecabolus transversalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1A7DFE27-FA2B-42D6-B15D-EBF92BC3C35D Fig. 5 Diagnosis Hecabolus transversalis sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis and H. gavinbroadi as they have a wide pterostigma; and to H. mexicanus and H shimborii by the coriaceous lateral mesoscutal lobes. In addition, it is morphologically similar to H. assis, H. robustus, H. semiaridus, and H. sulmatogrossensis by the presence of a median and lateral longitudinal carinae on the propodeum. However, it can be morphologically distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having a transversely striate anterior area on the second metasomal tergite (smooth or not transversely striate in the remaining species), middle mesoscutal lobe strongly coriaceous to rugose (coriaceous or smooth in the remaining species); and vein 2M almost spectral (well defined in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet of this species comes from the Latin word ‘ transversalis ’, in reference to the distinctive transverse anterior striation on the second metasomal tergite. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia; 27°11′ S, 52°23′ W; 17 Jun. 1937; Fritz Plaumann leg; B.M. 1937–656; NHMUK. Paratype BRAZIL • 1 ♀; Mato Grosso, Rio Caraguata; 4 Apr. 1953; F. Plaumann leg; B.M. 1957–341; CNINIBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.9–3.1 mm; fore wing length 2.1–2.3 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.7–2.0 mm. HEAD (Fig. 5B). Width 0.8–0.9 × median length (dorsal view), 0.8–0.9 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 0.5–0.7 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in an equilateral triangle; POL 1.0–1.3 × Od, 1.0–1.6 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, height 1.2–1.4 × its maximum width. Malar space 2.0 × height of eye, 0.3–0.5 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 0.3 × height of eye and 0.5 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and nearly round, as long as its width. Occipital carina wide, complete, not joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antenna with at least 9 flagellomeres (antennae incomplete). Scapus 1.5 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere straight, not widened medially, 3.5 × as long as its maximum width; 1.0 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 5C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.0–2.2 × its height. Pronotum short, dorsally convex, without submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.4–0.5 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, more or less deep, scrobiculate anteriorly and slightly striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression moderately shallow, long, with 6–7 carinae, 0.7 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and without lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct (lateral view), more or less deep, distinctly crenulate anteriorly and slightly striate posteriorly, complete along lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe relatively short but wide, rounded apically. Propodeum without lateral tubercles or projections. WINGS (Fig. 5E–F). Fore wing 3.3–3.5 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma 2.9–3.3 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.9–3.0 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.2–1.5 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.7–0.8 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa slightly curved towards apical margin of wing, 6.0–7.0 × as long as vein r, 2.8–3.0 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.0–2.5 × as long as vein r, and 2.0–2.5 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly sinuate. First discal cell considerably long, 1.5 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu slightly divergent posteriorly. Vein cu-a interstitial to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.0–1.1 × as long as vein 1RS, 1.8–2.0 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a short and straight, vein 1M 3.6–4.0 × as long as vein cu-a. Vein M+CU slightly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Hind wing 4.8–6.0 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R 1.0–1.5 × as long as vein SC+R. Basal cell greatly narrow and long, its length 8.8–11.4 × its maximum width, 0.3–0.4 × length of wing. Vein M+CU short, 0.7–0.8 × the length of vein 1M. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.5 × length of vein R. Vein m-cu unsclerotized, poorly defined, almost straight, weakly oblique toward base of wing. Vein RS absent. Vein 2M unsclerotized, poorly defined, very slightly curved anteriorly, almost reaching margin of wing. LEGS (Fig. 5A, G). Fore tibia with a narrow row of few slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventro-anterior corner, 1.2–1.3 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.0–2.5 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.9 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.7 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 2.3 × length of basitarsus, 0.2 × the length of fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 5G). 1.0–1.1 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately long, 0.5–0.6 × as long as first tergite; without distinct dorsope, with small spiracle in anterior half. Maximum width of first tergite 2.7–3.0 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 1.3–1.5 × its apical width, 1.5–1.7 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.8–1.3 × its basal width, 1.8–2.0 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 0.7–0.8 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.1–1.3 × as long as metasoma, 1.6–1.8 × as long as mesosoma, 0.7–0.8 × length of body, 0.8–0.9 × length of fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex entirely striate; frons striate below ocelli with shallow rugose emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face distinctly and densely rugose near antennal sockets, densely striate above clypeus; malar space smooth; temple entirely smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum slightly striate longitudinally in upper half and transversely striate in lower half; propleuron distinctly striate. Mesoscutum densely and strongly coriaceous, almost rugose, lateral lobes densely coriaceous. Scutellum smooth. Metanotum transversely striate. Mesopleuron smooth, longitudinally striate in upper anterior third; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely reticulate to rugose. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with central and lateral incomplete carinae. Hind coxa distinctly striate dorsally, smooth laterally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculptureanteriorly; second metasomal tergite with a transversely striate area in anterior half, remaining area smooth and polished; remaining metasomal tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very sparse short setae; face with dense setae. Pronotum and mesoscutum with sparse, long, and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum with sparse setae laterally. Wings with dense short to medium setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxa with sparse semi-erect setae. Hind femur with sparse setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. Metasoma with very sparse pale setae. COLOUR. Body brown to dark brown, anterior half of metasoma dark reddish brown. Head brown. Antenna light brown. Palpi light brown to almost honey yellow. Legs brown; hind coxa reddish brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; hind femur brown; hind tibia brown, light brown in basal third; tarsus light brown, tarsal claw brown. Fore wing hyaline, slightly infuscate below pterostigma; pterostigma dark brown. Hind wing entirely hyaline. Male Unknown. Distribution Specimens of this species were collected in Rio Caraguata in the state of Mato Grosso, and Nova Teutonia in state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Host Unknown.

Hecabolus gavinbroadi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F5EE0C8E-4966-4065-B8AD-A1FE30854430 Figs 3–4 Diagnosis Hecabolus gavinbroadi sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis and H. transversalis as they have a wide pterostigma; however, it can be distinguished from the latter species by having lateral blunt tubercles on the propodeum (tubercles absent in H. costaricesis and H. transversalis). Moreover, it can be distinguished from the remaining species of the genus by the combination of its smooth vertex and mesoscutal lobes strongly and densely coriaceous (vertex and mesoscutal lobes smooth in H. semiaridus and H. sulamtogrossensis, vertex partially striate and mesoscutal lobes coriaceous in all the remaining species). Etymology This species is named in honour to the principal curator in charge of the insect collection of the Natural History Museum, London, UK, who kindly lent us the entomological material for morphological examination. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Mato Grosso, Rio Caraguata; 4 Apr.1953; F. Plaumann leg., B.M. 1957–341; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL – Mato Grosso • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; Mar. 1953; CNIN-IBUNAM. – Nova Teutonia • 2 ♂♂; 9 Apr. 1941; F. Plaumann leg; B.M.1957–341; NHMUK • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 10 Apr. 1941; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.8–2.2 mm; fore wing length 1.3–1.4 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.8–2.3 mm. HEAD (Fig. 3B). Head width 1.3–1.4 × median length (dorsal view), 1.2–1.3 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 1.2–1.3 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in a subequilateral triangle; POL 1.0–1.3 × Od, 0.3–0.4 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, its height 0.6–0.7 × its maximum width. Malar space 1.0–1.1 × height of eye, 0.6–0.7 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 2.0–2.2 × height of eye, and 1.0–1.3 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and round, as long as its width. Occipital carina complete, joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antenna with 12–14 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.0–2.2 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere slightly curved medially, not widened, 2.2–2.3 × as long as its maximum width; 0.8–0.9 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 3C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.0–2.3× its height. Pronotum rather short, dorsally convex, without distinct submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.7–0.8 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, more or less shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression moderately shallow, long, with 8 carinae, 1.3–1.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with no lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct (lateral view), more or less shallow, crenulate anteriorly and rugose posteriorly, incomplete, running along anterior half of lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe relatively short but wide, slightly curved apically. Propodeum with lateral small, blunt tubercles. WINGS (Fig. 3E). Fore wing 3.3–3.5 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma wide, 2.5–3.0 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.7–3.0 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.1–1.2 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.5–0.6 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa straight, reaching apical margin of wing, 7.5–8.0 × as long as vein r, 2.9–3.2 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.3–2.8 × as long as vein r, and 2.0–2.8 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly curved medially, almost straight. First discal cell considerably short, 1.8– 2.0 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu divergent posteriorly. Vein cu-a postfurcal to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.1–1.3 × as long as vein 1RS, 2.0–2.1 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a rather short and straight, vein 1M 3.3–5.0 × cu-a length. Vein M+CU slightly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU; vein 2M short, not reaching apical margin of wing, 0.5–0.6 × vein 3RS. Hind wing 5.2 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R long, vein SC+R absent. Basal cell long and narrow, its length 5.0 × its maximum width, 0.3–0.4 × length of wing. Vein M+CU and 1M long. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.2 × length of Vein R. Vein m-cu absent. Vein RS absent. Vein 2M unsclerotized, spectral, slightly curved anteriorly, straight posteriorly, almost reaching the margin of the wing; vein 1A present, considerably short, 0.1 × length of veins M+CU and 1M combined. LEGS (Fig. 3A). Fore tibia with a narrow row of slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in a ventro-anterior corner, 1.2–1.5 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur considerably wide, 2.0 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide, 1.2–1.3 × length of hind femur. Hind tarsus 1.0 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.4 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.6 × length of basitarsus, equal to length of the fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 3F). 0.9–1.0 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate distinctly long, 0.5–0.7 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope and laterope. Maximum width of first tergite 2.5–3.0 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 1.0–1.3 × its apical width, 1.0–1.3 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without basal depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.9–1.0 × its basal width, 1.0–1.1 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 0.9–1.1 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 2.1–2.3 × as long as metasoma, 2.9–3.0 × as long as mesosoma, 1.0 × as long as the body, 1.4–1.6 × length of the fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex smooth, sometimes slightly striate posteriorly; frons rugose below ocelli with shallow emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face distinctly, and densely striate near antennal sockets and above clypeus; malar space smooth; temple entirely smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum entirely striate longitudinally; propleuron rugose. Lateral and middle lobes of mesoscutum densely and distinctively coriaceous. Scutellum smooth, scutellar sulcus striate. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate in upper anterior corner; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely rugose, with a small smooth area anteriorly. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with a middle carina. Hind coxae slightly striate dorsally, distinctively striate laterally. Hind femur smooth. First and second metasomal tergites densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculpture; third metasomal tergite slightly acinose basally; remaining tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very scarce and short setae; face with dense setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum with scarce short setae. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum with scarce setae. Wings with dense short to medium setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxae with scarce semi-erect setae. Hind femur with sparse setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. Last tergites with very sparse pale setae. COLOUR. Head, metasoma and mesosoma brown to dark brown. Antenna brown; scape light brown. Palpi light brown to almost honey yellow. Legs brown; hind coxa light brown to brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; hind femur brown; hind tibia brown, its basal quarter yellowish; tarsus light brown, tarsal claw dark brown. Fore and hind wings entirely hyaline, pterostigma brown. Male Larger than female (Fig. 4A). Body length 2.1–3.0 mm; fore wing length 1.5–2.1 mm. Basal sternal plate of first metasomal segment 0.4–0.5 × as long as first tergite. Hind femur 3.0–4.0 × as long as its maximum width. Fore wing with moderately wide pterostigma, 2.5–3.0 × its maximum width (Fig. 4E). Hind wing without stigma-like enlargement, with short r-m, veins RS and m-cu absent; vein 2M not sclerotized, spectral. Both wings with a line of medium-size setae along the margins. Vertex entirely smooth (Fig. 4D). Second metasomal tergite striate in anterior two thirds, with irregular striation in posterior third (Fig. 4F). Body colour dark brown (Fig. 4C–D); antenna brown; all coxae, femora, and tibiae dark brown, trochanters and tarsi brown; tarsal claws brown to dark brown. Forewing hyaline, with an infuscate band in basal half and another infuscate band under pterostigma (Fig. 4E). Distribution Specimens of this species were recorded from Rio Caraguata in the state of Mato Grosso, and in Nova Teutonia in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Hosts Unknown.

Hecabolus gavinbroadi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F5EE0C8E-4966-4065-B8AD-A1FE30854430 Figs 3–4 Diagnosis Hecabolus gavinbroadi sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis and H. transversalis as they have a wide pterostigma; however, it can be distinguished from the latter species by having lateral blunt tubercles on the propodeum (tubercles absent in H. costaricesis and H. transversalis). Moreover, it can be distinguished from the remaining species of the genus by the combination of its smooth vertex and mesoscutal lobes strongly and densely coriaceous (vertex and mesoscutal lobes smooth in H. semiaridus and H. sulamtogrossensis, vertex partially striate and mesoscutal lobes coriaceous in all the remaining species). Etymology This species is named in honour to the principal curator in charge of the insect collection of the Natural History Museum, London, UK, who kindly lent us the entomological material for morphological examination. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Mato Grosso, Rio Caraguata; 4 Apr.1953; F. Plaumann leg., B.M. 1957–341; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL – Mato Grosso • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; Mar. 1953; CNIN-IBUNAM. – Nova Teutonia • 2 ♂♂; 9 Apr. 1941; F. Plaumann leg; B.M.1957–341; NHMUK • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 10 Apr. 1941; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.8–2.2 mm; fore wing length 1.3–1.4 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.8–2.3 mm. HEAD (Fig. 3B). Head width 1.3–1.4 × median length (dorsal view), 1.2–1.3 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 1.2–1.3 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in a subequilateral triangle; POL 1.0–1.3 × Od, 0.3–0.4 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, its height 0.6–0.7 × its maximum width. Malar space 1.0–1.1 × height of eye, 0.6–0.7 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 2.0–2.2 × height of eye, and 1.0–1.3 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and round, as long as its width. Occipital carina complete, joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antenna with 12–14 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.0–2.2 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere slightly curved medially, not widened, 2.2–2.3 × as long as its maximum width; 0.8–0.9 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 3C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.0–2.3× its height. Pronotum rather short, dorsally convex, without distinct submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.7–0.8 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, more or less shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression moderately shallow, long, with 8 carinae, 1.3–1.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with no lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct (lateral view), more or less shallow, crenulate anteriorly and rugose posteriorly, incomplete, running along anterior half of lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe relatively short but wide, slightly curved apically. Propodeum with lateral small, blunt tubercles. WINGS (Fig. 3E). Fore wing 3.3–3.5 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma wide, 2.5–3.0 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.7–3.0 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.1–1.2 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.5–0.6 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa straight, reaching apical margin of wing, 7.5–8.0 × as long as vein r, 2.9–3.2 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.3–2.8 × as long as vein r, and 2.0–2.8 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly curved medially, almost straight. First discal cell considerably short, 1.8– 2.0 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu divergent posteriorly. Vein cu-a postfurcal to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.1–1.3 × as long as vein 1RS, 2.0–2.1 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a rather short and straight, vein 1M 3.3–5.0 × cu-a length. Vein M+CU slightly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU; vein 2M short, not reaching apical margin of wing, 0.5–0.6 × vein 3RS. Hind wing 5.2 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R long, vein SC+R absent. Basal cell long and narrow, its length 5.0 × its maximum width, 0.3–0.4 × length of wing. Vein M+CU and 1M long. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.2 × length of Vein R. Vein m-cu absent. Vein RS absent. Vein 2M unsclerotized, spectral, slightly curved anteriorly, straight posteriorly, almost reaching the margin of the wing; vein 1A present, considerably short, 0.1 × length of veins M+CU and 1M combined. LEGS (Fig. 3A). Fore tibia with a narrow row of slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in a ventro-anterior corner, 1.2–1.5 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur considerably wide, 2.0 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide, 1.2–1.3 × length of hind femur. Hind tarsus 1.0 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.4 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.6 × length of basitarsus, equal to length of the fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 3F). 0.9–1.0 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate distinctly long, 0.5–0.7 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope and laterope. Maximum width of first tergite 2.5–3.0 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 1.0–1.3 × its apical width, 1.0–1.3 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without basal depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.9–1.0 × its basal width, 1.0–1.1 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 0.9–1.1 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 2.1–2.3 × as long as metasoma, 2.9–3.0 × as long as mesosoma, 1.0 × as long as the body, 1.4–1.6 × length of the fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex smooth, sometimes slightly striate posteriorly; frons rugose below ocelli with shallow emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face distinctly, and densely striate near antennal sockets and above clypeus; malar space smooth; temple entirely smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum entirely striate longitudinally; propleuron rugose. Lateral and middle lobes of mesoscutum densely and distinctively coriaceous. Scutellum smooth, scutellar sulcus striate. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate in upper anterior corner; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely rugose, with a small smooth area anteriorly. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with a middle carina. Hind coxae slightly striate dorsally, distinctively striate laterally. Hind femur smooth. First and second metasomal tergites densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculpture; third metasomal tergite slightly acinose basally; remaining tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very scarce and short setae; face with dense setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum with scarce short setae. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum with scarce setae. Wings with dense short to medium setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxae with scarce semi-erect setae. Hind femur with sparse setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. Last tergites with very sparse pale setae. COLOUR. Head, metasoma and mesosoma brown to dark brown. Antenna brown; scape light brown. Palpi light brown to almost honey yellow. Legs brown; hind coxa light brown to brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; hind femur brown; hind tibia brown, its basal quarter yellowish; tarsus light brown, tarsal claw dark brown. Fore and hind wings entirely hyaline, pterostigma brown. Male Larger than female (Fig. 4A). Body length 2.1–3.0 mm; fore wing length 1.5–2.1 mm. Basal sternal plate of first metasomal segment 0.4–0.5 × as long as first tergite. Hind femur 3.0–4.0 × as long as its maximum width. Fore wing with moderately wide pterostigma, 2.5–3.0 × its maximum width (Fig. 4E). Hind wing without stigma-like enlargement, with short r-m, veins RS and m-cu absent; vein 2M not sclerotized, spectral. Both wings with a line of medium-size setae along the margins. Vertex entirely smooth (Fig. 4D). Second metasomal tergite striate in anterior two thirds, with irregular striation in posterior third (Fig. 4F). Body colour dark brown (Fig. 4C–D); antenna brown; all coxae, femora, and tibiae dark brown, trochanters and tarsi brown; tarsal claws brown to dark brown. Forewing hyaline, with an infuscate band in basal half and another infuscate band under pterostigma (Fig. 4E). Distribution Specimens of this species were recorded from Rio Caraguata in the state of Mato Grosso, and in Nova Teutonia in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Hosts Unknown., Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 137-141, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218

Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009. European Journal of Taxonomy 846: 126-151, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971

Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 28A1B6AA-0A30-4392-ADBF-FF5F5F497FE7 Fig. 1 Diagnosis Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. assis, H. robustus and H. sulcatus as all have a moderately short basal sternal plate of the first metasomal segment; and similar to H. shimborii and H. mexicanus in the narrow pterostigma, vertex at least partially striate, and lobes of the mesoscutum coriaceous. Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. can mainly be distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having the distinctly lateral pointed edges of the median mesonotal lobe above the notauli (Fig. 1A, D) (absent in the remaining species); prescutellar depression with 10–12 carinae (12 carinae in H. semiaridus and 3–8 carinae in the remaining species), and the second and remaining metasomal tergites entirely smooth and polished (at least basal part of the second tergite sculptured in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet comes from the Latin word ‘ acutus ’, in reference to the antero-lateral pointed edges of the middle mesoscutal lobe above the notauli. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia; 27 Oct. 1956; F. Plaumann leg.; B.M. 1957–341; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; NHMUK • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 24 Mar. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 20 Oct. 1956; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 22 Oct. 1956; CNIN-IBUNAM • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; Oct. 1956; NHMUK • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.8–2.7 mm; fore wing length 1.5–2.1 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.2–2.2 mm. HEAD (Fig. 1B). Width 1.3–1.5 × median length (dorsal view), 0.9–1.0 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex. Transverse diameter of eye 1.9–2.0 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in a sub-equilateral triangle; POL 0.9–1.1 × Od, 0.3–0.5 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, height 1.1–1.3 × its maximum width. Malar space 0.7–0.9 × height of eye, 0.5–0.7 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 1.3–1.5 × height of eye, and 1.0–1.3 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with no distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and nearly round, its length 0.8–1.1 × its maximum width. Occipital carina wide, complete, not joined with hypostomal carina below. Hypostomal flange wide. Antennae with 12–13 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.1– 2.2 × as long as its maximum width, widened medio-apically. First flagellomere straight, not widened medially, 3.5–3.8 × as long as its maximum width; 0.9–1.0 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 1C–D). Length 1.8–2.0 × its height. Pronotum rather short, dorsally convex, without distinct transverse pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.8–1.0 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, with pointed antero-lateral projection-like edges above both notauli; without anterolateral corners. Notauli narrow, more or less shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and slightly rugose posteriorly. Prescutellar depression considerably long and shallow, with 10–12 transverse carinae, 1.0–1.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with no lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus rather shallow and straight, running along anterior half of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe short and narrow. Propodeum without lateral tubercles or projections. WINGS (Fig. 1E–F). Fore wing 3.3–3.6 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma narrow, 3.7–3.9 × as long as wide. Vein r arising shortly before the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 3.2–3.5 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.5–1.8 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 1.1–1.3 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RS slightly curved towards apical margin of wing, almost straight; 6.8–7.2 × as long as vein r, 7.8–9.4 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 0.7–0.9 × as long as vein r, and 1.0–1.6 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu slightly antefurcal to vein 2RS; vein RS+Mb considerably short. Vein (RS+M) a slightly curved distally. First discal cell moderately long, 1.9–2.3 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu slightly divergent posteriorly, almost parallel. Vein 1M 1.2–1.5 × as long as vein 1RS, 2.5–3.3 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein M+CU moderately curved medially. Vein 1cu-a absent; subdiscal cell open basally joining subbasal cell, considerably long and narrow. Vein 1-1A considerably long, reaching the middle of vein 1CU. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Vein 2M not sclerotized, reaching apical margin of wing, 0.9–1.1 × as long as vein 3RS. Hind wing 5.0–5.3 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R moderately long, 2.5–3.2 × length of vein SC+R, vein SC+R rather short, unsclerotized, apically in line with vein 2M. Basal cell considerably narrow and long, its length 7.5–8.3 × its maximum width, 0.2–0.3 × length of wing. Vein M+CU long. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.3–0.5 × length of vein R. Vein m-cu absent. Vein RS almost absent. Vein 2M long, 0.2–0.4 × length of hind wing, almost reaching the margin of the wing. LEGS (Fig. 1A). Fore tibia with a narrow row of slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventroanterior corner, 1.3–1.7 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.9–3.3 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.8–1.0 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus 0.7–1.0 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.2–0.3 × length of basitarsus, 0.6–1.0 × the length of the fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 1G). Metasoma 0.8–1.1 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately short, 0.3–0.4 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope. Maximum width of first tergite 1.8–2.2 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 0.8–1.0 × its apical width, 0.9– 1.2 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.9–1.1 × its basal width, 1.5–1.8 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 1.0–1.4 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.4–1.8 × as long as metasoma, 2.0–2.4 × as long as mesosoma, 0.7–0.9 × length of the body, 0.9–1.1 × length of the fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex finely aciculate, sometimes smooth in posterior half; frons striate, sometimes smooth, without emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face rugose near antennal sockets, striate above clypeus; malar space and temple striate to slightly striate, almost smooth. Sides of pronotum smooth in upper half and transversely striate in lower half; propleuron striate. Median lobe of mesoscutum coriaceous anteriorly and smooth posteriorly; lateral lobes smooth. Scutellum smooth. Metanotum distinctly rugose. Mesopleuron smooth in anterior half, rugose in posterior half; precoxal sulcus slightly scrobiculate. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely rugose. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with central carina. Hind coxae striate dorsally, slightly rugose laterally and ventrally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with a medial striate area delimitated by distinct lateral carinae; remaining tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very scarce and short setae; face with dense and erect long setae. Scape and flagellomeres with dense short semi-erect setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum scarcely with short and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum laterally with scarce long and erect setae. Wings with dense short setae, especially on posterior margins. Hind coxae laterally with dense semi-erect long setae. Hind femur with scarce short setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. First tergite laterally with scarce short and erect setae. Pygidium and hypopygium with scarce long pale setae. COLOUR. Mesosoma dark brown, anterior and posterior thirds of metasoma brown to dark brown, its middle third with light brown areas. Head brown; vertex, and frons dark brown. Basal flagellomeres and scape light brown to honey yellow, apical flagellomeres dark brown. Palpi light brown to pale yellow. Hind legs: coxa brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; femur brown; tibiae light brown in basal half, golden to brown in apical half; tarsus yellow to light brown, tarsal claw brown. Fore and hind wings entirely hyaline; pterostigma light brown. Male Unknown. Distribution All specimens, including the holotype, were collected in Nova Teutonia region in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Hosts Unknown.

Hecabolus mexicanus Zaldívar-Riverón & Belokobylskij, 2009 Figs 6–7 Material examined MEXICO – Jalisco • 1 ♀; Chamela Biological Station, Calandria road, near laboratory; 19.50501° N, 105.03791° W; alt. 34 m; 16–17 Jun. 2017; Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón and Hans Clebsch leg.; UVLT (3) [Ultraviolet light 3], selva baja caducifolia [dry forest]; DNA voucher no. CNIN4388; CNINIBUNAM • 1 ♀; Chamela Biological Station; 19.4986° N, 105.04411° W; alt. 122 m; 10 Aug. 2010; Zaldívar, Salinas and García leg.; light tramp, selva baja caducifolia; BOLD ASDOR: 859; Cham-70; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♂; Chamela Biological Station, 50 m from lab; 19.49923° N, 105.04388° W; alt. 101 m; 9–10 Aug. 2010; A. Zaldívar, V. Salinas, Mario-García and Vladimir de Jesús leg.; light trap, selva baja caducifolia; Cham-68; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♂; Chamela Biological Station, Calandria road; 19.50485–19.50369° N, 105.03786–05.03642° W; alt. 45–62 m; 23 Feb. 2010; Alejandro Zaldívar leg.; sweep net, selva baja caducifolia; BOLD ASDOR: 609; Cham-51; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; San Buenaventura; 19°47.61′ N, 104°03.32′ W; alt. 720 m; 2–7 Dec. 1996; V.H. Toledo, M.E. Guardado, A. Soria, S. Zaragoza and L.F. Novelo leg.; Malaise trap 5; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 30 Apr.–4 May. 1997; F.A. Noguera, M.E. Guardado, A. Soria, C.A. Uribe, A. Rodríguez, S. Zaragoza, E. Ramírez and L.F. Novelo leg.; Malaise trap 3; CNIN-IBUNAM. – Mexico City • 3 ♀♀; Federal District; “ Hecabolus sp. Det. José A. Sánchez G., [19]98”; CNIN-IBUNAM. Variation Females (Fig. 6A–F) Body length 3.2–5.3 mm. Fore wing length 1.9–3.2 mm. Ovipositor length 2.7–5.2 mm, 1.3–2.3 × as long as metasoma. Vertex very finely striate to smooth medially, sometimes entirely smooth. Frons distinctly, weakly-curvedly, and transversely striate near ocelli, with a rugose shallow depression near antennal sockets. Face transversely striate to rugose. Antenna more or less thickened, weakly setiform, with 21–22 flagellomeres. Scapus more or less narrow and long, sometimes slightly curved, 1.8–2.0 × as long as its maximum width; last flagellomere pointed apically, 0.5–0.7 × length of scapus. Mesopleuron smooth in lower 0.6, coarsely longitudinally striate in upper 0.4, finely and densely striate in posterior lower corner, sometimes very finely coriaceous near precoxal furrow. Vein m-cu of the hind wing almost straight, weakly oblique towards base of wing and unsclerotized, sometimes very poorly defined, almost spectral. Hind coxa dorsally and ventrally striate, smooth medially, inner lateral part completely striate; coxa sometimes completely striate. Hind femur wide, 2.0–2.5 × as long as its maximum width. Basal sternal plate 0.4–0.6 × as long as first metasomal segment. First tergite entirely, densely, and longitudinally striate, without areas delimited by carinae. Second tergite entirely, and third in anterior 0.1–0.3 very densely longitudinally striate, remaining area of third tergite smooth. Remaining tergites smooth, sometimes very finely coriaceous. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.3–2.0 × as long as metasoma, 0.8–1.0 × as long as body, 1.3–1.8 × as long as fore wing. Body black to dark brown, sometimes light brown. Metasomal tergites sometimes completely black or dark brown; in one specimen almost all tergites light brown but apical two tergites dark brown; in two specimens first two tergites completely and anterior half of third tergite dark brown, remaining tergites light brown; in one specimen anterior part of first tergite dark brown, posterior 0.3 light brown to honey-yellow, remaining tergites honey yellow. Head black, sometimes dark brown. Antenna brown, sometimes light brown. Mandibles dark brown to brown to light brown, sclerotized apically. Palpi yellow to pale yellow. Fore and middle coxae and femora light brown; trochanters, tibiae and tarsi honey yellow; hind coxa dark brown, hind femur brown to dark brown ventrally, trochanter and tarsi light brown; legs sometimes completely brown to dark brown; in one specimen fore coxa and fore femur honey yellow, middle and hind coxae and femora brown to dark brown, all trochanters, tibiae and most tarsi light yellow to pale yellow, tarsal claw dark brown to black. Fore and hind wings hyaline, sometimes fore wing faintly infuscate. Pterostigma brown to dark brown. Male (Fig. 7A–D) Smaller than female. Body length 4.5–4.6 mm; fore wing length 2.9–3.0 mm. Antennae with more than 14 flagellomeres (apical segments missing); basal segments honey yellow to brown, apical segments brown to dark brown. Basal sternal plate 0.3–0.4 × as long as first segment. Hind femur 2.3 × as long as its maximum width. Fore wing pterostigma with thick, long, and very dense setae, sometimes with few, short, semierect setae; hind wing without stigma-like enlargement. Hind wing with rather short r-m, without vein RS; veins 2M, m-cu, and cu-a not sclerotized, very weakly defined. Both wings with a line of setae along margins. Body colour dark brown to black; all coxae and femora brown, tibiae light brown, trochanters, and tarsi light brown to honey yellow; tarsal claws brown to dark brown. Distribution The precise geographic records of this species are presented here for the first time, which include localities in the state of Jalisco and Mexico City in central Mexico. Hosts Unknown., Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 144-147, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218, {"references":["Zaldivar-Riveron A. & Belokobylskij S. A. 2009. The parasitic wasp genus Hecabolus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae), with the description of a new species from Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 80: 419 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2009.002.618"]}

Hecabolus mexicanus Zaldívar-Riverón & Belokobylskij, 2009 Figs 6–7 Material examined MEXICO – Jalisco • 1 ♀; Chamela Biological Station, Calandria road, near laboratory; 19.50501° N, 105.03791° W; alt. 34 m; 16–17 Jun. 2017; Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón and Hans Clebsch leg.; UVLT (3) [Ultraviolet light 3], selva baja caducifolia [dry forest]; DNA voucher no. CNIN4388; CNINIBUNAM • 1 ♀; Chamela Biological Station; 19.4986° N, 105.04411° W; alt. 122 m; 10 Aug. 2010; Zaldívar, Salinas and García leg.; light tramp, selva baja caducifolia; BOLD ASDOR: 859; Cham-70; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♂; Chamela Biological Station, 50 m from lab; 19.49923° N, 105.04388° W; alt. 101 m; 9–10 Aug. 2010; A. Zaldívar, V. Salinas, Mario-García and Vladimir de Jesús leg.; light trap, selva baja caducifolia; Cham-68; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♂; Chamela Biological Station, Calandria road; 19.50485–19.50369° N, 105.03786–05.03642° W; alt. 45–62 m; 23 Feb. 2010; Alejandro Zaldívar leg.; sweep net, selva baja caducifolia; BOLD ASDOR: 609; Cham-51; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; San Buenaventura; 19°47.61′ N, 104°03.32′ W; alt. 720 m; 2–7 Dec. 1996; V.H. Toledo, M.E. Guardado, A. Soria, S. Zaragoza and L.F. Novelo leg.; Malaise trap 5; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 30 Apr.–4 May. 1997; F.A. Noguera, M.E. Guardado, A. Soria, C.A. Uribe, A. Rodríguez, S. Zaragoza, E. Ramírez and L.F. Novelo leg.; Malaise trap 3; CNIN-IBUNAM. – Mexico City • 3 ♀♀; Federal District; “ Hecabolus sp. Det. José A. Sánchez G., [19]98”; CNIN-IBUNAM. Variation Females (Fig. 6A–F) Body length 3.2–5.3 mm. Fore wing length 1.9–3.2 mm. Ovipositor length 2.7–5.2 mm, 1.3–2.3 × as long as metasoma. Vertex very finely striate to smooth medially, sometimes entirely smooth. Frons distinctly, weakly-curvedly, and transversely striate near ocelli, with a rugose shallow depression near antennal sockets. Face transversely striate to rugose. Antenna more or less thickened, weakly setiform, with 21–22 flagellomeres. Scapus more or less narrow and long, sometimes slightly curved, 1.8–2.0 × as long as its maximum width; last flagellomere pointed apically, 0.5–0.7 × length of scapus. Mesopleuron smooth in lower 0.6, coarsely longitudinally striate in upper 0.4, finely and densely striate in posterior lower corner, sometimes very finely coriaceous near precoxal furrow. Vein m-cu of the hind wing almost straight, weakly oblique towards base of wing and unsclerotized, sometimes very poorly defined, almost spectral. Hind coxa dorsally and ventrally striate, smooth medially, inner lateral part completely striate; coxa sometimes completely striate. Hind femur wide, 2.0–2.5 × as long as its maximum width. Basal sternal plate 0.4–0.6 × as long as first metasomal segment. First tergite entirely, densely, and longitudinally striate, without areas delimited by carinae. Second tergite entirely, and third in anterior 0.1–0.3 very densely longitudinally striate, remaining area of third tergite smooth. Remaining tergites smooth, sometimes very finely coriaceous. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.3–2.0 × as long as metasoma, 0.8–1.0 × as long as body, 1.3–1.8 × as long as fore wing. Body black to dark brown, sometimes light brown. Metasomal tergites sometimes completely black or dark brown; in one specimen almost all tergites light brown but apical two tergites dark brown; in two specimens first two tergites completely and anterior half of third tergite dark brown, remaining tergites light brown; in one specimen anterior part of first tergite dark brown, posterior 0.3 light brown to honey-yellow, remaining tergites honey yellow. Head black, sometimes dark brown. Antenna brown, sometimes light brown. Mandibles dark brown to brown to light brown, sclerotized apically. Palpi yellow to pale yellow. Fore and middle coxae and femora light brown; trochanters, tibiae and tarsi honey yellow; hind coxa dark brown, hind femur brown to dark brown ventrally, trochanter and tarsi light brown; legs sometimes completely brown to dark brown; in one specimen fore coxa and fore femur honey yellow, middle and hind coxae and femora brown to dark brown, all trochanters, tibiae and most tarsi light yellow to pale yellow, tarsal claw dark brown to black. Fore and hind wings hyaline, sometimes fore wing faintly infuscate. Pterostigma brown to dark brown. Male (Fig. 7A–D) Smaller than female. Body length 4.5–4.6 mm; fore wing length 2.9–3.0 mm. Antennae with more than 14 flagellomeres (apical segments missing); basal segments honey yellow to brown, apical segments brown to dark brown. Basal sternal plate 0.3–0.4 × as long as first segment. Hind femur 2.3 × as long as its maximum width. Fore wing pterostigma with thick, long, and very dense setae, sometimes with few, short, semierect setae; hind wing without stigma-like enlargement. Hind wing with rather short r-m, without vein RS; veins 2M, m-cu, and cu-a not sclerotized, very weakly defined. Both wings with a line of setae along margins. Body colour dark brown to black; all coxae and femora brown, tibiae light brown, trochanters, and tarsi light brown to honey yellow; tarsal claws brown to dark brown. Distribution The precise geographic records of this species are presented here for the first time, which include localities in the state of Jalisco and Mexico City in central Mexico. Hosts Unknown.

Hecabolus transversalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1A7DFE27-FA2B-42D6-B15D-EBF92BC3C35D Fig. 5 Diagnosis Hecabolus transversalis sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis and H. gavinbroadi as they have a wide pterostigma; and to H. mexicanus and H shimborii by the coriaceous lateral mesoscutal lobes. In addition, it is morphologically similar to H. assis, H. robustus, H. semiaridus, and H. sulmatogrossensis by the presence of a median and lateral longitudinal carinae on the propodeum. However, it can be morphologically distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having a transversely striate anterior area on the second metasomal tergite (smooth or not transversely striate in the remaining species), middle mesoscutal lobe strongly coriaceous to rugose (coriaceous or smooth in the remaining species); and vein 2M almost spectral (well defined in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet of this species comes from the Latin word ‘ transversalis ’, in reference to the distinctive transverse anterior striation on the second metasomal tergite. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia; 27°11′ S, 52°23′ W; 17 Jun. 1937; Fritz Plaumann leg; B.M. 1937–656; NHMUK. Paratype BRAZIL • 1 ♀; Mato Grosso, Rio Caraguata; 4 Apr. 1953; F. Plaumann leg; B.M. 1957–341; CNINIBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.9–3.1 mm; fore wing length 2.1–2.3 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.7–2.0 mm. HEAD (Fig. 5B). Width 0.8–0.9 × median length (dorsal view), 0.8–0.9 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 0.5–0.7 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in an equilateral triangle; POL 1.0–1.3 × Od, 1.0–1.6 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, height 1.2–1.4 × its maximum width. Malar space 2.0 × height of eye, 0.3–0.5 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 0.3 × height of eye and 0.5 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and nearly round, as long as its width. Occipital carina wide, complete, not joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antenna with at least 9 flagellomeres (antennae incomplete). Scapus 1.5 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere straight, not widened medially, 3.5 × as long as its maximum width; 1.0 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 5C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.0–2.2 × its height. Pronotum short, dorsally convex, without submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.4–0.5 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, more or less deep, scrobiculate anteriorly and slightly striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression moderately shallow, long, with 6–7 carinae, 0.7 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and without lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct (lateral view), more or less deep, distinctly crenulate anteriorly and slightly striate posteriorly, complete along lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe relatively short but wide, rounded apically. Propodeum without lateral tubercles or projections. WINGS (Fig. 5E–F). Fore wing 3.3–3.5 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma 2.9–3.3 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.9–3.0 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.2–1.5 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.7–0.8 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa slightly curved towards apical margin of wing, 6.0–7.0 × as long as vein r, 2.8–3.0 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.0–2.5 × as long as vein r, and 2.0–2.5 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly sinuate. First discal cell considerably long, 1.5 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu slightly divergent posteriorly. Vein cu-a interstitial to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.0–1.1 × as long as vein 1RS, 1.8–2.0 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a short and straight, vein 1M 3.6–4.0 × as long as vein cu-a. Vein M+CU slightly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Hind wing 4.8–6.0 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R 1.0–1.5 × as long as vein SC+R. Basal cell greatly narrow and long, its length 8.8–11.4 × its maximum width, 0.3–0.4 × length of wing. Vein M+CU short, 0.7–0.8 × the length of vein 1M. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.5 × length of vein R. Vein m-cu unsclerotized, poorly defined, almost straight, weakly oblique toward base of wing. Vein RS absent. Vein 2M unsclerotized, poorly defined, very slightly curved anteriorly, almost reaching margin of wing. LEGS (Fig. 5A, G). Fore tibia with a narrow row of few slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventro-anterior corner, 1.2–1.3 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.0–2.5 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.9 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.7 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 2.3 × length of basitarsus, 0.2 × the length of fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 5G). 1.0–1.1 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately long, 0.5–0.6 × as long as first tergite; without distinct dorsope, with small spiracle in anterior half. Maximum width of first tergite 2.7–3.0 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 1.3–1.5 × its apical width, 1.5–1.7 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.8–1.3 × its basal width, 1.8–2.0 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 0.7–0.8 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.1–1.3 × as long as metasoma, 1.6–1.8 × as long as mesosoma, 0.7–0.8 × length of body, 0.8–0.9 × length of fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex entirely striate; frons striate below ocelli with shallow rugose emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face distinctly and densely rugose near antennal sockets, densely striate above clypeus; malar space smooth; temple entirely smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum slightly striate longitudinally in upper half and transversely striate in lower half; propleuron distinctly striate. Mesoscutum densely and strongly coriaceous, almost rugose, lateral lobes densely coriaceous. Scutellum smooth. Metanotum transversely striate. Mesopleuron smooth, longitudinally striate in upper anterior third; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely reticulate to rugose. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with central and lateral incomplete carinae. Hind coxa distinctly striate dorsally, smooth laterally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculptureanteriorly; second metasomal tergite with a transversely striate area in anterior half, remaining area smooth and polished; remaining metasomal tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very sparse short setae; face with dense setae. Pronotum and mesoscutum with sparse, long, and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum with sparse setae laterally. Wings with dense short to medium setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxa with sparse semi-erect setae. Hind femur with sparse setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. Metasoma with very sparse pale setae. COLOUR. Body brown to dark brown, anterior half of metasoma dark reddish brown. Head brown. Antenna light brown. Palpi light brown to almost honey yellow. Legs brown; hind coxa reddish brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; hind femur brown; hind tibia brown, light brown in basal third; tarsus light brown, tarsal claw brown. Fore wing hyaline, slightly infuscate below pterostigma; pterostigma dark brown. Hind wing entirely hyaline. Male Unknown. Distribution Specimens of this species were collected in Rio Caraguata in the state of Mato Grosso, and Nova Teutonia in state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Host Unknown., Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 141-144, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218

Hecabolus chrisaxeli sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 435E2C4D-E1BE-4740-B41C-152570AE1C11 Fig. 2 Diagnosis Hecabolus chrisaxeli sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. costaricensis by having mesoscutal lobes coriaceous, forewing with wide pterostigma, and mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate on posterior third. It can be morphologically distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having the second metasomal tergite with two distinctively striate subparallel anterior depressions (without subparallel anterior depressions in the remaining species); hindwing with r-m very short (medium in the remaining species), and veins RS and cu-a weakly defined, almost spectral (absent in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet of this species is dedicated to the first author’s life partner. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Nova Teutonia; 9 Nov. 1941; F. Plaumann leg.; B.M. 1957–341; DNA voucher no. CNIN4369; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 3 Apr. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 9 Apr. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 10 Apr. 1941; CNINIBUNAM • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 12 Apr. 1941; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 3.6–4.3 mm; fore wing length 2.2–2.9 mm; ovipositor length 3.1–4.2 mm. HEAD (Fig. 2B). Width 1.4–1.6 × median length (dorsal view), 1.4 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex in anterior half, and weakly, roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 0.9–1.0 × as long as temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in an equilateral triangle; POL 0.1 × Od, 0.5–0.6 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, with a distinct emargination opposite antennal sockets, 1.1–1.2 × as high as broad. Malar space 0.5–0.6 × height of eye, 1.0–1.1 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 1.4–1.5 × height of eye and 1.1–1.2 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with a distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and elliptical, 0.3–0.4 × as long as wide. Occipital carina wide, complete, ventrally joined with hypostomal carina. Hypostomal flange wide. Antennae with 16 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.5 × as long as its maximum width. First flagellomere slightly curved, slightly widened medially, 2.5 as long as its maximum width; 0.9–1.0 × as long as second flagellomere; the last flagellomere pointed apically. MESOSOMA (Fig. 2C–D). Length of mesosoma 2.1–2.2 × its height. Pronotum short, dorsally weakly convex, without distinct submedian pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 2.5 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum shortly protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli wide, shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and striate posteriorly. Prescutellar depression rather shallow, long, with 7–8 carinae, 0.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with fine lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus distinct, rather shallow, distinctly crenulate anteriorly and striate posteriorly, running along 0.6–0.7 of lower length of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth blunt, almost indistinct. Metapleural lobe long and narrow, rounded apically. Propodeum with very small and blunt lateral tubercles. WINGS (Fig. 2E–F). Fore wing 3.5–3.6 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma 3.0 × as long as wide. Vein r arising in the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 2.6–2.7 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.5–1.6 as long as pterostigma. Vein r 0.9–1.0 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RSa slightly curved towards posterior margin of wing, 5.3–5.4 × as long as vein r, 2.6–2.7 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 2.0 × as long as vein r and 3.0 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu interstitial to vein 2RS. Vein (RS+M)a slightly curved medially. First discal cell long, 2.0–2.5 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu parallel. Vein cu-a postfurcal to vein 1M. Vein 1M 1.7–1.8 × as long as vein 1RS, 1.8 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein cu-a short and straight, vein 1M 3.5 × cu-a length. Vein M+CU distinctly sinuate. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Hind wing 4.6–4.7 × as long as wide. Vein C+Sc+R 1.6–1.7 × as long as than Sc+R. Vein r-m very short, almost indistinguishable. Basal cell considerably narrow, its length 15.0–16.0 × its maximum width, 0.2–0.3 × length of wing. Vein M+CU 0.8–0.9 × as long as vein 1M. Vein cu-a poorly defined, almost spectral. Vein m-cu unsclerotized, almost straight, weakly oblique toward base of wing. Vein RS poorly defined, almost spectral. Vein 2M unsclerotized, slightly curved anteriorly, almost straight towards apex of wing. LEGS (Fig. 2A, C). Fore tibia with few slender spines arranged in a narrow row. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventro-anterior corner, 1.5–1.6 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.8 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.9 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus about 0.8× as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.3– 0.4 × as long as basitarsus, 1.0–1.1 × as long as fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 2G). Metasoma 1.2–1.3 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately long, 0.4–0.5 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope, with small spiracle in basal 0.3. Maximum width of first tergite 3.5 × its minimum width; length equal to its apical width, 1.4–1.6 × length of propodeum. Second tergite with wide and shallow lateral subparallel depressions (furrows) not delineated by carinae. Median length of second tergite 1.3 × its basal width, 1.5–1.6 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 1.1 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.5–1.6 × as long as metasoma, 0.8–0.9 × as long as mesosoma, 1.2–1.3 × as long as body, 1.1–1.2 × as long as fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex finely striate posteriorly, smooth medially; frons smooth below ocelli, emargination opposite antennal sockets densely rugose. Face entirely, distinctly, and densely rugose; densely striate near malar space below eyes; temple smooth and polished. Sides of pronotum distinctly longitudinally striate in upper half and transversely striate in lower half. Mesoscutum densely and finely coriaceous, lateral lobes finely coriaceous. Scutellum entirely smooth. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth, longitudinally striate in upper third; precoxal sulcus scrobiculate anteriorly, striate posteriorly. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely reticulate-striate. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, without areas delineated by carinae. Hind coxae smooth medially, slightly striate dorsally, and slightly rugose ventrally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with rugose microsculpture medially; second metasomal tergite with short lateral subparallel depressions densely and longitudinally striate, its remaining area smooth and polished; remaining metasomal tergites smooth and polished. Vertex with very sparse and short setae; frons with dense long setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum scarcely with long and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum almost glabrous. Both wings with dense short setae, especially on wing margins. Hind coxae with scarce semi-erect setae. Hind femur with scarce setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense setae; tarsus with short and very dense setae. Metasoma glabrous, hypopygium apically with scarce, more or less long pale setae. COLOUR. Body brown or dark reddish brown, anterior half of metasoma dark reddish brown. Antenna brown to light brown. Palpi light brown or almost yellow. Legs brown or light brown, hind coxa dark, hind tibiae yellowish or pale in basal third. Fore wing infuscate basally, hyaline in apical third; pterostigma dark brown. Hind wing entirely hyaline. Male Unknown. Distribution The locality of the six specimens, including holotype, is Nova Teutonia in the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil. Hosts Unknown.

Genus Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 Hecabolus Curtis, 1834: 507. Anisopelma Wesmael, 1838: 134 (type species: A. belgicum Wesmael, 1838). Type species Hecabolus sulcatus Curtis, 1834. Diagnosis The main diagnostic characters that define the genus Hecabolus are an open first subdiscal cell, absence of vein r-m, antefurcal position of m-cu vein, and a distinctly wide hind femur (Tobias 1971, 1976; Marsh 2002). Other diagnostic features that have been proposed for Hecabolus are the hind coxa distinctly protruding forward and without a ventro-anterior tooth, and a deep and wide mesosternal suture (Belokobylskij & Tobias 1995). Composition Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. (NT); H. assis Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 (NT); H. chrisaxeli sp. nov. (NT); H. costaricensis (NT); H. gavinbroadi sp. nov. (NT); H. julianoi Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 (NT); H. mexicanus (NT); H. robustus Zaldívar-Riverón & Sormus de Castro, 2013 (NT); H. semiaridus Sormus de Castro, Zaldívar-Riverón & Briceño, 2013 (NT); H shimborii Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 (NT); H. sulcatus (NA, PA); H. sulmatogrossensis Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 (NT); H. transversalis sp. nov. (NT). Hosts The type species, H. sulcatus, has been recorded to be an idiobiont ectoparasitoid of coleopteran larvae of the families Anobiidae Fleming, 1821 (Elliot & Morley 1911; Györfi 1941; Thompson 1953; Starý 1957; Hickin 1961; Tobias 1976; Belokobylskij & Tobias 1986; Zaldívar-Riverón & Belokobylskij 2009); Buprestidae Leach, 1815 (Halperin 1986); Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802 (Kolubajiv 1962); Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802 (Belokobylskij & Tobias 1986); Curculionidae Latreille, 1802 (Marshall 1897; Mantero 1904; de Gaulle 1907; Kleine 1909; Györfi 1943; Čapek 1960; Kolubajiv 1962; Belokobylskij & Tobias 1986; Hedqvist 1998); Lyctidae Billberg, 1820 (Donisthorpe 1940); and Ptinidae Latreille, 1802 (Rondani 1871; Marshall 1885; Mantero 1904; de Gaulle 1907; Elliot & Morley 1907, 1911; Rudow 1918; Leonardi 1926; Hellén 1927; Cotton & Good 1937; Telenga 1941; Thompson 1953; Stary 1957; Wegelius 1959; Tobias 1976; Čapek 1982; Belokobylskij & Tobias 1986; ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij 2009). Distribution Nearctic, Neotropical and Palaearctic regions. Key to all described species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 1. Basal sternal plate (acrosternite) of first metasomal segment ≤ 0.4 × length of tergite.................... 2 – Basal sternal plate (acrosternite) of first metasomal segment> 0.4 × length of tergite..................... 5 2. Vertex at least partially striate; hind femur of female moderately swollen, 2.7–3.5 × its maximum width.................................................................................................................................................. 3 – Vertex smooth; hind femur of female considerably swollen, 2.0–2.2 × its maximum width............ 4 3. Median lobe of mesoscutum without antero-lateral pointed edges above notauli; prescutellar depression with 3–5 carinae; propodeum without defined carinae; first metasomal tergite without defined lateral carinae; second metasomal tergite entirely striate, with wide and shallow baso-lateral subparallel depressions................................................................................ H. sulcatus Curtis, 1834 – Median lobe of mesoscutum with antero-lateral pointed edges above notauli; prescutellar depression with 10–12 carinae; propodeum with a median irregular carinae; first metasomal tergite with two defined lateral longitudinal carinae; second metasomal tergite entirely smooth, without depression.............................................................................................................. H. acutus sp. nov. 4. First and second tergites entirely and third tergite partially striate, remaining area of third tergite and following tergites smooth and polished; lateral area of pronotum weakly rugose..................................................................................................... H. assis Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 – First and second tergites striate, remaining tergites entirely acinose; lateral area of pronotum strongly rugose....................................................... H. robustus Zaldívar-Riverón & Sormus de Castro, 2013 5. Vertex entirely smooth; mesoscutal lobes mainly smooth (except H. gavinbroadi sp. nov.)........... 6 – Vertex at least partially striate; mesoscutal lobes coriaceous............................................................ 8 6. Mesoscutal lobes densely coriaceous; pterostigma wide, H. gavinbroadi sp. nov. – Mesoscutal lobes smooth; pterostigma narrow, 4.0 × as long as wide; second metasomal tergite partially striate; antennae with> 14 flagellomeres........................................................................... 7 7. Vein 2CU of fore wing arising behind middle of subdiscal cell; first discal cell of fore wing short, 1.6 × as long as wide; veins 1M and m-cu of fore wing parallel.................................................................................................. H. semiaridus Sormus de Castro, Zaldívar-Riverón & Briceño-G., 2013 – Vein 2CU of fore wing interstitial to vein 1CU; first discal cell of fore wing long, 2.5 × as long as wide; veins 1M and m-cu of fore wing slightly divergent posteriorly................................................................................................. H. sulmatogrossensis Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 8. Pterostigma wide, H. costaricensis Marsh, 2013 – Second metasomal tergite only anteriorly sculptured, remaining area smooth............................... 10 10. Propodeum without distinct carinae; second metasomal tergite with two densely striate subparallel anterior depressions; vein 1M of forewing 1.7–1.8 × as long as vein 1RS, vein cu-a posfurcal to vein 1M; vein RS of hindwing weakly defined, almost spectral.............................. H. chrisaxeli sp. nov. – Propodeum with distinct median and lateral carinae; second metasomal tergite densely striate transversally, without basal depressions; vein 1M of forewing 1.0–1.1 × as long as vein 1RS, vein cu-a interstitial to vein 1M; vein RS of hindwing absent............................ H. transversalis sp. nov. 11. Basal sternal plate of first metasomal segment distinctly long, 0.5–0.6 × as long as tergite; fourth tergite partially basally sculptured (reticulate-punctate), remaining tergites smooth; ovipositor and sheaths long, 3.2–3.5 × as long as metasoma............................................................................................................ H. julianoi Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 [we reexamined specimens of this species and found that the fourth metasomal segment is partially sculptured, not the fifth]. – Basal sternal plate of first metasomal segment moderately long, about no more than 0.5 × as long as tergite; fourth tergite entirely smooth; ovipositor and sheaths short, 1.5–2.3 × as long as metasoma........................................................................................................................................ 12 12. Vein 2CU of fore wing interstitial to vein 1CU; vein M+CU of hind wing 1.4 × as long as vein 1M; mesopleuron with coriaceous sculpture.............................................................................................................................................................. H. shimborii Sormus de Castro & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2013 – Vein 2CU of fore wing arising after middle of subdiscal cell; vein M+CU × as long as 1M; mesopleuron without coriaceous sculpture............................................................................................................................................................. H. mexicanus Zaldívar-Riverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 128-130, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218, {"references":["Curtis J. 1834. British Entomology; Being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects Found in Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. III. Dermaptera. Dyctyoptera. Orthoptera. Strepsiptera. Hymenoptera, part I. By John Curtis, London.","Wesmael C. 1838. Monographie des Braconides de Belgique. Nouveaux memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles 11: 1 - 166.","Tobias V. I. 1971. Review of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of the USSR. Proceeding of the All-Union Entomological Society 54: 156 - 268. [In Russian.]","Tobias V. I. 1976. Braconidae of Caucasus (Hymenoptera). Nauka, Leningrad. [In Russian.]","Marsh P. M. 2002. The Doryctinae of Costa Rica (excluding the genus Heterospilus). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 70: 1 - 319.","Belokobylskij S. A. & Tobias V. I. 1995. Subfamily Doryctinae. In: Medvedev G. S. (ed.) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume III, Hymenoptera, Part IV: 28 - 118. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi.","Sormus de Castro C., Zaldivar-Riveron A., Briceno-G. R. & Penteado-Dias A. M. 2013. The genus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) in South America, with description of six new species. Zootaxa 3664 (3): 377 - 391. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3664.3.8","Fleming J. 1821. Insecta. In: MacVey N. (ed.) Supplement to the fourth, fifth and sixth editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, with preliminary dissertations on the history of sciences, Volume 5: 41 - 56. A. Constable and Company, Edinburgh.","Gyorfi J. 1941. Beitrage zur geographischen Verbreitung der Schlupfwespen in Finnland und zur Kenntnis deren Wirte. Annales Entomologici Fennici 7: 86 - 91.","Thompson W. R. 1953. A Catalogue of the Parasites and Predators of Insect Pests. Section 2. Host Parasite Catalogue. Part 2. Hosts of the Hymenoptera (Agaonidae to Braconidae). Commonworld Institute of the Biological Control, Ottawa.","Stary P. 1957. Notes on the Braconidae (Hym.) of Czechoslovakia IV (Part 1). Casopis Ceske Spolecnosti Entomologicke 54: 277 - 292.","Hickin N. E. 1961. An introduction to the study of Anobium punctatum. Pest Control Conference of the Rentokil Group. Progress through Technology 1960: 1 - 34","Belokobylskij S. A. & Tobias V. I. 1986. Doryctinae. In: Medvedev G. S. (ed.) Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Pereponchatokrylye 4: 21 - 72. Opr. Faune SSSR.","Zaldivar-Riveron A. & Belokobylskij S. A. 2009. The parasitic wasp genus Hecabolus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae), with the description of a new species from Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 80: 419 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2009.002.618","Leach W. E. 1815. The Zoological Miscellany: Being Descriptions of New, or Interesting Animals. R. P. Nodder, London.","Halperin J. 1986. Braconidae (Hymenoptera) associated with forest and ornamental trees and schrubs in Israel. Phytoparasitica 14: 119 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02980898","Latreille P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Crustaces et des Insectes. Tome Troisieme. L'Imprimerie F. Dufart, Paris.","Kolubajiv S. 1962. Die Ergebnisse der Zuchten von Entomolophagen (der Parasiten und Rauber) der schadlichen Insekten (vorwiegend der Forstschadlinge von 1934 bis 1958). Rozpravy Ceske Akademie 72: 1 - 73.","Marshall T. A. 1897. Braconidae. In: Andre E. (ed.). Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Cote-d'Or, Beaune (1896) 5: 1 - 635.","Mantero G. 1904. Res ligusticae xxxiii. Materiali per un catalogo degli Imenotteri liguri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 41: 14 - 51.","De Gaulle J. 1907. Catalogue systematique et biologique des Hymenopteres de France. Fam. VIII Braconidae. La Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes 38: 163 - 167.","Kleine R. 1909. Die europaischen Borkenkafer und ihre Feinde aus den Ordnungen der Coleopteren und Hymenopteren. Entomologische Blatter 5: 41 - 50.","Gyorfi J. 1943. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Wirte von Schlupfwespen. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie 30: 79 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1944. tb 00588. x","Capek M. 1960. Verzeichnis der Parasiten, die aus schadlichen Insekten an VULH in Banska Stiavnica erzogen wurden. Teil I. Wirte der Brackwespen - Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Vedecke Prace 1: 199 - 212.","Hedqvist K. J. 1998. Bark beetle enemies in Sweden 2. Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 52: 1 - 87.","Billberg G. J. 1820. Enumeratio Insectorum in Museo. Typis Gadelianis, Holmiae [Stockholm].","Donisthorpe H. 1940. Xorides indicatorius Latr.? parasitic on Leiopus nebulosus L., and a list of other species of hymenopterous parasites of Coleoptera in Great Britain. Entomologist 73: 14 - 20.","Rondani C. 1871. Degli insetti parassiti e delle loro vittime. Continuazione. Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 3: 121 - 143.","Marshall T. A. 1885. Monograph of British Braconidae. Part I. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1885: 1 - 280.","Elliot E. A. & Morley C. 1907. On the hymenopterous parasites of Coleoptera. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 55: 7 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1907. tb 03063. x","Rudow F. 1918. Braconiden und ihre Wirte. Entomologische Zeitschrift 32: 7 - 8.","Leonardi G. 1926. Elenco delle specie di insetti dannosi e loro parasiti ricordati in Italia fino all'anno 1911. Parte II, Fasc. III. Annali del Regio Istituto Superiore Agrario in Portici 1: 148 - 295.","Hellen W. 1927. Zur Kenntnis der Braconiden (Hym.). I. Subfam. Braconinae (part.), Rhogadinae und Spathiinae. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 56: 1 - 59","Cotton R. T. & Good N. E. 1937. Annotated List of the Insects and Mites Aassociated With Stored Grain and Cerael Products, and of their Arthropod Parasites and Predators. Miscellaneous Publication. No. 258, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.","Telenga N. A. 1941. Family Braconidae, subfamily Braconinae (continuation) and Sigalphinae. Fauna USSR. Hymenoptera 5. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1941.","Wegelius A. 1959. Hecabolus sulcatus Curt. Notulae Entomologicae 39: 1 - 30.","Capek M., Hladil J. & Sedivy J. 1982. Verzeichnis der aus verschiedenen Insekten erzogenen parasitischen Hymenopteren. Teil VI. Entomological Problems 17: 325 - 371."]}

Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 28A1B6AA-0A30-4392-ADBF-FF5F5F497FE7 Fig. 1 Diagnosis Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. is morphologically similar to H. assis, H. robustus and H. sulcatus as all have a moderately short basal sternal plate of the first metasomal segment; and similar to H. shimborii and H. mexicanus in the narrow pterostigma, vertex at least partially striate, and lobes of the mesoscutum coriaceous. Hecabolus acutus sp. nov. can mainly be distinguished from the remaining species of Hecabolus by having the distinctly lateral pointed edges of the median mesonotal lobe above the notauli (Fig. 1A, D) (absent in the remaining species); prescutellar depression with 10–12 carinae (12 carinae in H. semiaridus and 3–8 carinae in the remaining species), and the second and remaining metasomal tergites entirely smooth and polished (at least basal part of the second tergite sculptured in the remaining species). Etymology The specific epithet comes from the Latin word ‘ acutus ’, in reference to the antero-lateral pointed edges of the middle mesoscutal lobe above the notauli. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia; 27 Oct. 1956; F. Plaumann leg.; B.M. 1957–341; NHMUK. Paratypes BRAZIL • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; NHMUK • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 24 Mar. 1941; NHMUK • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 20 Oct. 1956; CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 22 Oct. 1956; CNIN-IBUNAM • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; Oct. 1956; NHMUK • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; CNIN-IBUNAM. Description Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.8–2.7 mm; fore wing length 1.5–2.1 mm; ovipositor and sheaths length 1.2–2.2 mm. HEAD (Fig. 1B). Width 1.3–1.5 × median length (dorsal view), 0.9–1.0 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) convex. Transverse diameter of eye 1.9–2.0 × length of temple. Ocelli rather small, arranged in a sub-equilateral triangle; POL 0.9–1.1 × Od, 0.3–0.5 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, height 1.1–1.3 × its maximum width. Malar space 0.7–0.9 × height of eye, 0.5–0.7 × basal width of mandible. Face convex, its width 1.3–1.5 × height of eye, and 1.0–1.3 × height of face and clypeus combined. Malar suture absent. Clypeus high, with no distinct lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression small and nearly round, its length 0.8–1.1 × its maximum width. Occipital carina wide, complete, not joined with hypostomal carina below. Hypostomal flange wide. Antennae with 12–13 flagellomeres. Scapus 2.1– 2.2 × as long as its maximum width, widened medio-apically. First flagellomere straight, not widened medially, 3.5–3.8 × as long as its maximum width; 0.9–1.0 × as long as second flagellomere. MESOSOMA (Fig. 1C–D). Length 1.8–2.0 × its height. Pronotum rather short, dorsally convex, without distinct transverse pronotal carina. Mesoscutum (lateral view) highly and roundly elevated above pronotum; its length (dorsal view) 0.8–1.0 × maximum width. Median lobe of mesoscutum protruding forward, with pointed antero-lateral projection-like edges above both notauli; without anterolateral corners. Notauli narrow, more or less shallow, scrobiculate anteriorly and slightly rugose posteriorly. Prescutellar depression considerably long and shallow, with 10–12 transverse carinae, 1.0–1.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex and with no lateral carinae. Precoxal sulcus rather shallow and straight, running along anterior half of mesopleuron. Metanotal tooth absent. Metapleural lobe short and narrow. Propodeum without lateral tubercles or projections. WINGS (Fig. 1E–F). Fore wing 3.3–3.6 × as long as its maximum width. Pterostigma narrow, 3.7–3.9 × as long as wide. Vein r arising shortly before the middle of pterostigma. Marginal cell long, its length 3.2–3.5 × maximum width. Vein R1 1.5–1.8 × as long as pterostigma. Vein r 1.1–1.3 × maximum width of pterostigma. Vein 3RS slightly curved towards apical margin of wing, almost straight; 6.8–7.2 × as long as vein r, 7.8–9.4 × as long as vein 2RS. Vein 2RS 0.7–0.9 × as long as vein r, and 1.0–1.6 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein m-cu slightly antefurcal to vein 2RS; vein RS+Mb considerably short. Vein (RS+M) a slightly curved distally. First discal cell moderately long, 1.9–2.3 × as long as wide. Veins 1M and m-cu slightly divergent posteriorly, almost parallel. Vein 1M 1.2–1.5 × as long as vein 1RS, 2.5–3.3 × as long as vein m-cu. Vein M+CU moderately curved medially. Vein 1cu-a absent; subdiscal cell open basally joining subbasal cell, considerably long and narrow. Vein 1-1A considerably long, reaching the middle of vein 1CU. Vein 2CU interstitial to vein 1CU. Vein 2M not sclerotized, reaching apical margin of wing, 0.9–1.1 × as long as vein 3RS. Hind wing 5.0–5.3 × as long as its maximum width. Vein C+Sc+R moderately long, 2.5–3.2 × length of vein SC+R, vein SC+R rather short, unsclerotized, apically in line with vein 2M. Basal cell considerably narrow and long, its length 7.5–8.3 × its maximum width, 0.2–0.3 × length of wing. Vein M+CU long. Vein cu-a absent. Vein r-m short, 0.3–0.5 × length of vein R. Vein m-cu absent. Vein RS almost absent. Vein 2M long, 0.2–0.4 × length of hind wing, almost reaching the margin of the wing. LEGS (Fig. 1A). Fore tibia with a narrow row of slender spines. Hind coxa protruding forwards in ventroanterior corner, 1.3–1.7 × as long as maximum width. Hind femur moderately wide, 2.9–3.3 × as long as its maximum width. Hind tibia slightly wide. Hind tarsus 0.8–1.0 × as long as hind tibia. Basitarsus 0.7–1.0 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.2–0.3 × length of basitarsus, 0.6–1.0 × the length of the fifth segment (without pretarsus). METASOMA (Fig. 1G). Metasoma 0.8–1.1 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First segment with basal sternal plate moderately short, 0.3–0.4 × as long as first tergite; with distinct dorsope. Maximum width of first tergite 1.8–2.2 × its minimum width; length of first tergite 0.8–1.0 × its apical width, 0.9– 1.2 × length of propodeum. Second tergite without depressions (furrows) nor carinae. Median length of second tergite 0.9–1.1 × its basal width, 1.5–1.8 × length of third tergite. Combined length of second and third tergites 1.0–1.4 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheaths slender, 1.4–1.8 × as long as metasoma, 2.0–2.4 × as long as mesosoma, 0.7–0.9 × length of the body, 0.9–1.1 × length of the fore wing. SCULPTURE AND PUBESCENCE. Vertex finely aciculate, sometimes smooth in posterior half; frons striate, sometimes smooth, without emargination opposite antennal sockets. Face rugose near antennal sockets, striate above clypeus; malar space and temple striate to slightly striate, almost smooth. Sides of pronotum smooth in upper half and transversely striate in lower half; propleuron striate. Median lobe of mesoscutum coriaceous anteriorly and smooth posteriorly; lateral lobes smooth. Scutellum smooth. Metanotum distinctly rugose. Mesopleuron smooth in anterior half, rugose in posterior half; precoxal sulcus slightly scrobiculate. Metapleuron entirely and coarsely rugose. Propodeum entirely and densely rugose with dense rugulose microsculpture, with central carina. Hind coxae striate dorsally, slightly rugose laterally and ventrally. Hind femur smooth. First metasomal tergite densely and longitudinally striate with a medial striate area delimitated by distinct lateral carinae; remaining tergites smooth and polished. Vertex and frons with very scarce and short setae; face with dense and erect long setae. Scape and flagellomeres with dense short semi-erect setae. Pronotum and mesosctutum scarcely with short and pale setae, with narrow median glabrous areas on lateral lobes. Mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum laterally with scarce long and erect setae. Wings with dense short setae, especially on posterior margins. Hind coxae laterally with dense semi-erect long setae. Hind femur with scarce short setae. Hind tibia dorsally and laterally with dense short setae; tarsus with short and very fine setae. First tergite laterally with scarce short and erect setae. Pygidium and hypopygium with scarce long pale setae. COLOUR. Mesosoma dark brown, anterior and posterior thirds of metasoma brown to dark brown, its middle third with light brown areas. Head brown; vertex, and frons dark brown. Basal flagellomeres and scape light brown to honey yellow, apical flagellomeres dark brown. Palpi light brown to pale yellow. Hind legs: coxa brown; trochanter and trochantellus light brown; femur brown; tibiae light brown in basal half, golden to brown in apical half; tarsus yellow to light brown, tarsal claw brown. Fore and hind wings entirely hyaline; pterostigma light brown. Male Unknown. Distribution All specimens, including the holotype, were collected in Nova Teutonia region in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Hosts Unknown., Published as part of Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, Four new species of Hecabolus Curtis, 1834 (Braconidae, Doryctinae) from south and southwestern Brazil, with notes on the morphological variation and geographic distribution of H. mexicanus ZaldívarRiverón & Belokobylskij, 2009, pp. 126-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 846 on pages 130-133, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.846.1971, http://zenodo.org/record/7309218

Protoctonus groehni Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 Type material. Holotype: GPIH No. 5066 (CCGG No. 9183), female; well preserved complete parasitoid inside of amber piece (12.0 × 11.0 × 3.0 mm.). Syninclusion: pollen of undetermined plant, trichomes of oak flower (Quercus sp.); Diptera indet. (fragment of leg). Amber from the Yantarny Deposit (near Kaliningrad). Material of subaerial origin was not subject to the preliminary chemical and physical processing. Etymology. Named in honour Mr Carsten Gröhn, Chairman of Association for the Promotion of the Geological-Palaeontological Museum of the University of Hamburg e.V. “Working Group Bernstein” (Verein zur Förderung des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Museums der Universität Hamburg e.V. “Arbeitskreis Bernstein”) Diagnosis. As stated above for the new genus. Type locality and horizon. Baltic amber. Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation. Baltic Sea coast and amber quarry Yantarny near Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Province, Russia. Description. Female. Body length 1.5 mm, fore wing length 1.4 mm, antenna length 1.0 mm. Head. Head (Figs 1C, E) transverse (subdorsal view), wider than mesoscutum. covered by sparse and short setae. Temple approximately as long as eye (dorsal view). POL 2.5 × Od. Eye large, spherical, convex, with short sparse setae in lower 0.7. Face mainly densely setose, but with glabrous narrow medial vertical stripe, 1.5 × wider than height of face. Tentorial index 0.7. Clypeus with seven long setae, its width 2.0 × height. Malar space 0.6 × height of eye and 2.0 × basal width of mandible. Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 3-segmented. Antenna (Figs 1A, D) with 11 antennomeres, thickened towards apex, covered by dense and short setae, setae shorter than antennomere width. Antenna moniliform starting from fifth antennomere. F1 3.5 × longer than its median width, F2–F4 2.0 ×, F5–F8 1.6 ×, and F9 3.5 × longer than their median width, respectively. F1 1.5 × longer than F2. Rhinaria (multiparous plate sensillae) distinct on all antennomeres: F1 with 1 rhinarium on side, F2 with 2, F3 with 3, F4 – F8 with 4 rhinaria. F9 with rhinaria situated in two lines: first line with 4 and in second line with 3. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum (Fig. 1E) entirely covered by short setae, with rather long and weak notauli continued till its middle. Precoxal sulcus absent. Propodeum perhaps with areola finely delineated by carinae. Tegula with short setae. Wings. Fore wing (Figs 1G, H; 2A) with closed large central cell. All veins well sclerotised and coloured. Pterostigma triangular, 3.5 × longer than its maximum width and 0.7 × as long as metacarp (1-R1). Metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and parallel (CU1a) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Medial (2-M, 3-M) vein short and not reaching wing margin. Present closed medial (basal), central (united first and second submarginal and discal), submedial (subbasal) and brachial (subdiscal) cells. Distal margin of fore wing with long setae, which is longer than setae on wing membrane. Hind wing without closed medial (basal) cell. Legs. Legs well preserved, covered by dense, long and semi-erect setae. Femora and tibiae of fore, middle and hind legs almost same length; length of femora 6.0–7.0 × their medial width. Metasoma (Fig. 1F). Petiole long, with prominent spiracular tubercles in basal part, about 1.6 × longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles; left spiracular tubercle distinctly visible and with round spiracle; petiole behind spiracles weakly narrowed and then widened towards apex. Fused second and third tergites clearly visible and equal lengths. Six sternites clearly visible. Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1F; 2B) curved downwards, triangular shape, tapered from base to apex, entirely cover by short dense setae, long setae arranged along dorsal and ventral margins of sheath, short setae located on apex of sheath. Ovipositor sheath 2.6 × longer than its maximum basal width. Pubescence. Head, antenna, legs and all body (including ovipositor sheaths) covered by rather dense setae. Colour. Colour of body monochromatically dark brown.

Protoctonus groehni Davidian, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2 Type material. Holotype: GPIH No. 5066 (CCGG No. 9183), female; well preserved complete parasitoid inside of amber piece (12.0 × 11.0 × 3.0 mm.). Syninclusion: pollen of undetermined plant, trichomes of oak flower (Quercus sp.); Diptera indet. (fragment of leg). Amber from the Yantarny Deposit (near Kaliningrad). Material of subaerial origin was not subject to the preliminary chemical and physical processing. Etymology. Named in honour Mr Carsten Gröhn, Chairman of Association for the Promotion of the Geological-Palaeontological Museum of the University of Hamburg e.V. “Working Group Bernstein” (Verein zur Förderung des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Museums der Universität Hamburg e.V. “Arbeitskreis Bernstein”) Diagnosis. As stated above for the new genus. Type locality and horizon. Baltic amber. Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation. Baltic Sea coast and amber quarry Yantarny near Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Province, Russia. Description. Female. Body length 1.5 mm, fore wing length 1.4 mm, antenna length 1.0 mm. Head. Head (Figs 1C, E) transverse (subdorsal view), wider than mesoscutum. covered by sparse and short setae. Temple approximately as long as eye (dorsal view). POL 2.5 × Od. Eye large, spherical, convex, with short sparse setae in lower 0.7. Face mainly densely setose, but with glabrous narrow medial vertical stripe, 1.5 × wider than height of face. Tentorial index 0.7. Clypeus with seven long setae, its width 2.0 × height. Malar space 0.6 × height of eye and 2.0 × basal width of mandible. Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 3-segmented. Antenna (Figs 1A, D) with 11 antennomeres, thickened towards apex, covered by dense and short setae, setae shorter than antennomere width. Antenna moniliform starting from fifth antennomere. F1 3.5 × longer than its median width, F2–F4 2.0 ×, F5–F8 1.6 ×, and F9 3.5 × longer than their median width, respectively. F1 1.5 × longer than F2. Rhinaria (multiparous plate sensillae) distinct on all antennomeres: F1 with 1 rhinarium on side, F2 with 2, F3 with 3, F4 – F8 with 4 rhinaria. F9 with rhinaria situated in two lines: first line with 4 and in second line with 3. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum (Fig. 1E) entirely covered by short setae, with rather long and weak notauli continued till its middle. Precoxal sulcus absent. Propodeum perhaps with areola finely delineated by carinae. Tegula with short setae. Wings. Fore wing (Figs 1G, H; 2A) with closed large central cell. All veins well sclerotised and coloured. Pterostigma triangular, 3.5 × longer than its maximum width and 0.7 × as long as metacarp (1-R1). Metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and parallel (CU1a) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Medial (2-M, 3-M) vein short and not reaching wing margin. Present closed medial (basal), central (united first and second submarginal and discal), submedial (subbasal) and brachial (subdiscal) cells. Distal margin of fore wing with long setae, which is longer than setae on wing membrane. Hind wing without closed medial (basal) cell. Legs. Legs well preserved, covered by dense, long and semi-erect setae. Femora and tibiae of fore, middle and hind legs almost same length; length of femora 6.0–7.0 × their medial width. Metasoma (Fig. 1F). Petiole long, with prominent spiracular tubercles in basal part, about 1.6 × longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles; left spiracular tubercle distinctly visible and with round spiracle; petiole behind spiracles weakly narrowed and then widened towards apex. Fused second and third tergites clearly visible and equal lengths. Six sternites clearly visible. Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1F; 2B) curved downwards, triangular shape, tapered from base to apex, entirely cover by short dense setae, long setae arranged along dorsal and ventral margins of sheath, short setae located on apex of sheath. Ovipositor sheath 2.6 × longer than its maximum basal width. Pubescence. Head, antenna, legs and all body (including ovipositor sheaths) covered by rather dense setae. Colour. Colour of body monochromatically dark brown., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2022, A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber, pp. 520-526 in Zootaxa 5165 (4) on pages 522-524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6854000

Genus Protoctonus Davidian, gen. nov. Type species Protoctonus groehni Davidian, sp. nov. Etymology. The new genus name is composed from the Greece word “protos” (= first, pioneering) and part of the related aphidiine genus name “ Monoctonus ”. The gender is masculine. Diagnosis. Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 3-segmented (Fig. 1C). Antenna (Fig. 1D) with 11 antennomeres, widened toward apex, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum with notauli reaching its middle (Fig. 1E). Propodeum perhaps with median areola delineated by weak carinae. In fore wing (Figs 1G, H; 2A) pterostigma triangular. Metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and parallel (CU1a) veins of fore wing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing; medial (1-SR+M, 2-M, 3-M) vein short and not reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large central cell. Also present closed medial (basal), submedial (subbasal) and brachial (subdiscal) cells. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (Figs 1A, F) covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (Fig. 1F) rather long, slightly widened towards apex, about 1.6 × longer than its width medially at level of spiracles. Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1F; 2B) not long, weakly curved down, acuminate, 2.6 × longer than its maximum width, 0.15 × as long as metasoma, gradually tapered from base towards apex, narrowly rounded apically, with long setae on dorsal and ventral margins; setae apically short. Remarks. The new aphidiine genus Protoctonus gen. nov. is most similar to the fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961 (with type species Trioxys obscuriformis Quilis, 1940 = Trioxys fossilis Mackauer, 1959), Promonoctonia Stary, 1973 (with type species Aphidius quievreuxi Quilis, 1940), and Sakhalinoctonus Davidian, 2021 (with type species Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, 2021) by the fewer number of antennomeres, presence the closed central cell in fore wing and curved downwards and taped apically ovipositor sheaths. Genera Protacanthoides and Promonoctonia are characterised by a 13 antennomeres in thick antenna, short and not reaching distal margin of the wing the metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and medial (2-M, 3-M) veins, and curved down the ovipositor sheaths. Besides those, Protacanthoides fossilis has metasomal petiole short, smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles, length of petiole approximately equal to its maximum width; ovipositor sheath evenly curved downwards, strongly tapered towards its apex and acuminate apically, about 0.15 × as long as metasoma. Unfortunately the information about condition of notauli and propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath are absent in the description of this species. Promonoctonia quievreuxi is additionally characterised by the following features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 × longer than its maximum width and 0.15 × as long as metasoma. The genus Sakhalinoctonus has 12 antennomeres; relatively long radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and medial (2-M, 3-M) veins, which do not reach the distal margin of fore wing; ovipositor sheath long, almost 6.0 × longer than its maximum width, weakly curved down and gradually tapered towards apex, very narrowly rounded apically, and covered by mainly long setae. The differences between Protoctonus gen. nov. and similar fossil genera are given in the key below. 1. Antenna with 11 antennomeres (Fig. 1D)—Flagellomeres from fifth moniliform (Fig. 1D). Metacarp (1-R1) of fore wing 1.3 × longer than pterostigma. Radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) vein and metacarp (1-R1) almost reaching distal margin of fore wing (Fig. 1G, H; 2A). Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1F; 2B) curved downwards, subtriangular in shape, taped towards apex, entirely covered by dense setae: long setae arranged along dorsal and ventral margins and short setae located on apex of sheaths. Ovipositor sheath 2.6 × longer than its maximum basal width. Baltic amber..................................... Protoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna with 12–13 antennomeres....................................................................... 2 2. Antenna with 12 antennomeres, relatively slender. Metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and medial (2 М, 3-M) veins of fore wing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheath relatively long, curved down, gradually tapered towards apex, narrow curved apically, about 6.0 × longer than its maximum width and 0.4 × as long as metasoma. Sakhalinian amber........................................................................... Sakhalinoctonus Davidian - Antenna with 13 antennomeres, thick. Metacarp (1-R1), radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) and medial (2 М, 3-M) veins of fore wing short and far not reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths short, claw-shaped, with long widened basal part and short narrow apical part, or evenly tapered to apex and acuminate apically, about 3.0 × longer than its maximum width and 0.15–0.20 × as long as metasoma.................................................................................. 3 3. Ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide their basal part and short and narrow apically, perhaps narrowly rounded apically.—Mesoscutum without notauli. Propodeum without delineated areola. Petiole of metasoma very short and wide. France, Haut-Rhin, potassium layers...................................................... Promonoctonia Starý - Ovipositor sheaths weakly curved downwards, gradually tapered from base to apex and acuminate apically.—Petiole of metasoma subtriangular, smooth, without projecting spiracular tubercles, about as long as its maximum width. France, Haut-Rhin, potassium layers................................................................. Protacanthoides Mackauer Key to Protoctonus gen. nov. and the most similar recent genera 1. Antenna with 11 antennomeres (Fig. 1D)—Flagellomeres starting from fifth moniliform (Fig. 1D). Radial (r, 3-SR, SR1) vein and metacarp (1-R1) almost reaching distal margin of fore wing (Figs 1G; 2A). Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1F; 2B) subtriangular, tapered towards apex and curved downwards, entirely covered by dense and short setae; sheath 2.6 × longer than its maximum basal width.......................................................................... Protoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna with 12 – 16 antennomeres....................................................................... 2 2. Petiole of metasoma short and wide, its length almost equal to width at spiracle level. Propodeum without areola and keels. —Antenna with 14–15 antennomeres, moniliform. Ovipositor sheath straight, subtriangular shape, strongly tapered towards apex......................................................................................................................................................................................... Aclitus Foerster - Petiole of metasoma elongate, its length distinctly larger than width at level of spiracles. Propodeum with delineated medial areola.............................................................................................. 3 3. Ovipositor sheaths curved downwards, gradually tapered towards acuminate apex. Petiole of mesosoma almost parallel-sided behind prominent spiracular tubercles. Antenna with 12–14 antennomeres, evenly thick............ Calaphidius Mackauer - Ovipositor sheaths straight or very weakly curved downwards, gradually tapered towards obtuse apex. Petiole of mesosoma distinctly concave behind prominent spiracular tubercles. Antenna with 13–16 antennomeres, slender but weakly thickened apically............................................................................. Falciconus Mackauer, Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2022, A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber, pp. 520-526 in Zootaxa 5165 (4) on pages 521-525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6854000, {"references":["Stary, P. (1973) A revision of the fossil Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Annotationes Zoologicae & Botanicae, 87, 1 - 22."]}

Genus Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976 Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976: 216; Belokobylskij, 1985: 389; 1996: 176; Papp, 1987:166; Belokobylskij et al., 2004: 96; Belokobylskij and Maeto, 2006: 747; 2009: 480; Belokobylskij and Austin, 2013: 346; Yu et al., 2016. Type species. Spathiomorpha varinervis Tobias, 1976, by original designation. Re-description (Figs 1, 2). Head transverse. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base larger than ts sides. Frons not or only weakly concave. Eyes glabrous. Occipital carina complete, lower often fused with hypostomal carina upper base of mandible. Malar suture absent. Clypeal suture rather distinct and almost complete. Clypeus with distinct protruding flange along its lower margin. Hypoclypeal depression round. Postgenal bridge present but rather narrow. Palps usually long; maxillary palps 6-segmented, labial palps 4-segmented. Scape of antenna rather thick and short, without apical lobe and basal constriction. Flagellum weakly thickened, first flagellomere more or less longer than second. Mesosoma. Neck of prothorax short; pronotal keel usually distinct and situated near middle. Mesonotum usually smooth or sparsely punctate, often highly and almost vertically elevated above pronotum. Median lobe of mesoscutum without anterolateral corners and usually without complete medial longitudinal furrow. Notauli complete and sculptured. Prescutellar depression relatively long, sculptured or almost smooth, always with median carina. Metanotum with short, subpointed or obtuse median tooth (lateral view). Precoxal sulcus distinct, medium length, almost straight, oblique, mostly crenulate. Prepectal carina distinct and complete. Propodeum with basolateral areas and areola deliniated by distinct carinae; lateral tubercles and propodeal bridge absent or sometimes present short and thick tubercles. Propodeal spiracles small and round. Rarely mesosoma partly reduced (micropterous species). Wings. Pterostigma of fore wing wide. Radial vein (r) arising from or behind middle of pterostigma. Radial (marginal) cell not shortened. Both radiomedial veins (2-SR, r-m) present. Recurrent vein (m-cu) always antefurcal. Nervulus (cu-a) postfurcal. Discoidal (discal) cell petiolate, petiole (1-SR) short. Parallel vein (CU1a) not interstitial, arising from posterior third of distal margin of brachial (subdiscal) cell. Brachial (subdiscal) cell wide. Transverse anal veins (2A, a) absent. In hind wing, radial (marginal) cell almost parallel-sided, without additional transverse vein (r). Medial (basal) cell wide. Submedial (subbasal) cell long; first abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) about as long as second abscissa (1-M). Recurrent vein (m-cu) present and sclerotised. Legs. Fore and middle tibiae with numerous and thick spines arranged in almost single vertical line. Hind coxa with distinct basoventral corner and tubercle. Hind femur relatively narrow. Hind basitarsus 0.7–0.9 × as long as second–fifth segments combined. Metasoma. First tergite usually relatively long and narrow, petiolate; dorsope small; spiracular tubercles distinct and placed usually in basal third of tergite. Acrosternite of first segment 0.5–0.6 × as long as first tergite, its apical margin situated on or usually behind spiracles. Second suture usually absent or rarely fine; second and third tergites without furrows and areas. Only second tergite with separate laterotergites, usually completely smooth or sometimes shortly striate basally. Ovipositor shorter or longer than metasoma. Diagnosis. This genus is morphologically and molecularly similar to the widely distributed genus Ontsira Cameron, 1900 from the tribe Doryctini (Zaldivar-Riverón et al., 2008; Belokobylskij and Austin, 2013). It can be distinguished from the latter by having a petiolate first metasomal segment with distinctly elongated acrosternite (longer than half of tergite). Also Spathiomorpha is similar by petiolate first segment with the genus Spathius Nees, 1819 from the tribe Spathiini, but distinctly differs from later in fore wing by the antefurcal position of recurrent vein (m-cu) to the first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (always postfurcal in Spathius), the arising of parallel vein (CU1a) from the posterior fourth of the vein (3-CU1) closed brachial (subdiscal) cell distally (from or before middle of this vein in Spathius), and in hind wing the long submedial (subbasal) cell with first abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) longer than second abscissa (1-M) (cell and abscissa short in Spathius). Composition. Spathiomorpha enderleini Belokobylskij, 1996 (China: Taiwan); S. japonica Belokobylskij et Maeto, 2006 (Japan); S. jenningsi Belokobylskij et Austin, 2013 (Australia: New South Wales); S. longipalpis Belokobylskij, 1985 (Russia: Far East, Korea), S. mexicana Belokobylskij et Zaldívar-Riverón, sp. nov. (Mexico), S. tasmanica Belokobylskij, Iqbal et Austin, 2004 (Australia: Tasmania), S. varinervis Tobias, 1976 (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Macedonia, Russia: North Caucasus, Serbia, Turkey) (Tobias, 1976; Belokobylskij, 1985, Papp, 1987; Belokobylskij, 1996; Belokobylskij et al., 2004; Belokobylskij and Maeto, 2006; Yu et al., 2016). Hosts. Unknown. Distribution. Australasian, Oriental, Neotropical (first record) and Palaearctic regions., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, First record of the genus Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Doryctinae) in the New World, with the description of a new species, pp. 439-445 in Zootaxa 5162 (4) on pages 440-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5162.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6810484, {"references":["Tobias, V. I. (1976) Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Nauka, Leningrad. 286 pp. [in Russian]","Belokobylskij, S. A. (1985) New species of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from the Asiatic part of USSR and Mongolia. Entomologicheskoye Obozrenie, 64 (2), 388 - 394. [Entomological Review, 64 (4), 57 - 64, in Russian]","Belokobylskij, S. A. (1996) A contribution to the knowledge of the Doryctinae of Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 5 (1), 153 - 191.","Papp, J. (1987) Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Korea. VIII. Acta Zoologica Hungarica, 33, 157 - 175.","Belokobylskij, S. A., Iqbal, M. & Austin, A. D. (2004) Systematics, distribution and diversity of the Australasian doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae). Records of the South Australian Museum, Monograph Series, 8, 1 - 150.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2006) Review of the genera from the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) new for Japan. Annales Zoologici, 56 (4), 675 - 752.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2009) Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Japan. Warshawska Drukarnia Naukowa, Warszawa, 806 pp.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Austin, A. D. (2013) New species of flightless doryctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Australia and New Zealand. Australian Journal of Entomology, 52, 338 - 355. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12042","Yu, D. S., Achterberg, C. van & Horstmann, K. (2016) Taxapad 2016. Ichneumonoidea 2015. Nepean, Ottawa, Ontario. [database on flash-drive]","Zaldivar-Riveron, A., Belokobylskij, S. A., Leon-Regagnon, V., Briceno, R. & Quicke, D. L. J. (2008) Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan parasitic wasp subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Invertebrate Systematic, 22, 345 - 363. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 07028"]}

Spathiomorpha mexicana sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2) Type material. Holotype: female, “ Mexico: Chiapas, 10 km ESE of San Cristobal, 2400 m, pine forest, 16.668022, -92.550506, 6–7.viii.2021, A.I. Khalaim ” (IB-UNAM). Description. Female. Body length 6.5 mm; fore wing length 5.2 mm. Head width (dorsal view) 1.4 × its median length, 1.2 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) weakly convex in anterior half, evenly roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 1.1 × longer than temple. Frons without carina, with distinct and rather wide complete median furrow. Ocelli mediumsized, arranged in triangle with base 1.15 × its sides. POL 1.3 × Od, 0.4 × OOL. Eye glabrous, practically without emargination opposite antennal socket, 1.3 × as high as broad. Malar space 0.4 × height of eye, 0.9 × basal width of mandible. Face along eyes without carinae, with distinct shallow elongate oblique depressions above clypeus; width of face 1.3 × height of eye and 1.4 × height of face and clypeus combined. Diameter of antennal socket 0.7 × distance between sockets and 1.4 × distance between socket and eye. Suture connected margin of antennal socket with inner margin of eye present and distinct. Clypeal suture shallow and complete. Hypoclypeal depression round, its width 1.1 × distance from edge of depression to eye, about 0.5 × width of face. Occipital carina coarse, below joined with hypostomal carina upper base of mandible. Palpi long, length of maxillary palpus almost equal to head height. Antenna relatively thick, weakly setiform, with 41 antennomeres, 1.3 × longer than body. Scape 1.8 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellomere 4.3 × longer than its apical width, 1.1 × longer than second. Penultimate flagellomere 2.5 × longer than wide, 0.5 × as long as first flagellomere, 0.8 × as long as apical flagellomere; the latter pointed apically and without spine. Mesosoma. Length 1.8 × its height. Pronotum (lateral view) convex dorsally, with median pronotal carina. Median lobe of mesoscutum (dorsal view) distinctly protruding forwards, with fine to very fine median furrow. Notauli deep, wide and coarsely crenulate. Prescutellar depression rather deep, with distinct median and two fine lateral carinae, almost smooth between carinae, 0.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum convex and without lateral carinae. Metanotal tooth short, but distinct and subpointed. Subalar depression relatively deep, more or less wide, coarsely rugose-striate. Precoxal sulcus wide, almost straight, oblique, coarsely and sparsely crenulate, running along anterior half of lower part of mesopleuron. Propodeum with distinct, thick lateral tubercles. Wings. Fore wing 3.4 × longer than its maximum width. Radial vein (r) arising behind middle of pterostigma, from its basal 0.7. Radial (marginal) cell not shortened; metacarp (1-R1) almost 1.5 × longer than pterostigma. First radial abscissa (r) 0.8 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) 3.6 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.65 × as long as straight third abscissa (SR1), 1.3 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 2.7 × longer than its maximum width, 1.3 × longer than brachial (subdiscal) cell. First medial abscissa (1-SR+M) distinctly sinuate. Mediocubital vein (M+CU1) almost straight. Recurrent vein (m-cu) weakly curved, almost equal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Distance from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) 0.6 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising from posterior 0.2 of distal margin (3-CU1) of brachial (subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 5.2 × longer than maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.7 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.8 × as long as second abscissa (1- M). Mediocubital (basal) cell large, distinctly widened toward apex, 5.7 × longer than wide, 0.4 × as long as wing. Recurrent vein (m-cu) weakly curved, subinterstitial, distinctly pigmented. Legs. Fore tibia with numerous slender spines arranged in narrow line. Hind femur rather narrow, 4.5 × longer than wide. Hind tarsus as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.9 × as long as second–fifth tarsal segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.4 × as long as basitarsus, 1.5 × longer than fifth segment (without pretarsus). Metasoma 1.1 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite rather thick, with small dorsope, with distinct spiracular tubercles in basal 0.3, distinctly and weakly curvedly widened from base to apex. Maximum width of first tergite 1.6 × its width at level of spiracles, 2.2 × its minimum width; length of tergite 1.7 × its apical width, 1.8 × length of propodeum. Length of second and third tergites combined 1.2 × basal width of second tergite, 0.9 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheath 1.1 × longer than body, 2.3 × longer than metasoma, 3.3 × longer than mesosoma, 1.4 × longer than fore wing. Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex and temple smooth; frons smooth posteriorly, rugose anteriorly; face finely striate with rugulosity, smooth in lower third. Sides of pronotum entirely coarsely rugose-striate, with coarsely crenulate wide and oblique median depression. Mesoscutum rather densely and finely punctate, coarsely striate in narrow medioposterior area in posterior half. Scutellum almost smooth. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth. Propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by high carinae; basolateral areas large, almost entirely finely rugulosereticulate; areola short and rather wide, 1.2 × longer than wide; basal carina in basal half of propodeum long, 2.2 × longer than anterior fork of areola; posterior part of propodeum coarsely sparsely and rather finely rugose. Hind coxae finely rugulose dorsally, smooth on most part. Hind femur smooth, partly with fine and sparse punctation. First tergite entirely densely and coarsely striate with rugulosity between striae, medially coarsely transversely striate with rugulosity in basal 0.3. Second tergite mostly smooth, with short basal striation. Remaining tergites smooth. Vertex with rather dense, relatively long and semi-erect yellow setae, medially partly almost glabrous. Mesoscutum entirely with dense, rather short and semi-erect yellow setae. Hind tibia dorsally with rather short, dense and almost erect setae, length of these setae 0.4–0.6 × maximum width of hind tibia. Colour. Head mainly yellow, face mainly, malar space and temple brown to dark brown. Mesosoma mainly black, mesoscutum and scutellum brownish yellow to reddish brown. Metasoma reddish brown to dark reddish brown, first tergite black. Antennae mainly dark brown to black, segments in basal fifth light brown to reddish brown. Palpi pale yellow. Legs mainly yellow, all femora medially or dorso-medially distinctly infuscate; tibiae and tarsi brownish, hind tibia basally black at short part. Ovipositor sheath brown to dark brown, apically black. Fore wing distinctly infuscate. Pterostigma dark brown to black, pale brown shortly basally. Male. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the country from where this new species was collected. Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas). Diagnosis. This new species is similar to S. longipalpis Belokobylskij and S. japonica Belokobylskij et Maeto. The differences between these species are shown in the below key to species.

Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro (2022): First record of the genus Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Doryctinae) in the New World, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 5162 (4): 439-445, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5162.4.8

Spathiomorpha mexicana sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2) Type material. Holotype: female, “ Mexico: Chiapas, 10 km ESE of San Cristobal, 2400 m, pine forest, 16.668022, -92.550506, 6–7.viii.2021, A.I. Khalaim ” (IB-UNAM). Description. Female. Body length 6.5 mm; fore wing length 5.2 mm. Head width (dorsal view) 1.4 × its median length, 1.2 × width of mesoscutum. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) weakly convex in anterior half, evenly roundly narrowed in posterior half. Transverse diameter of eye 1.1 × longer than temple. Frons without carina, with distinct and rather wide complete median furrow. Ocelli mediumsized, arranged in triangle with base 1.15 × its sides. POL 1.3 × Od, 0.4 × OOL. Eye glabrous, practically without emargination opposite antennal socket, 1.3 × as high as broad. Malar space 0.4 × height of eye, 0.9 × basal width of mandible. Face along eyes without carinae, with distinct shallow elongate oblique depressions above clypeus; width of face 1.3 × height of eye and 1.4 × height of face and clypeus combined. Diameter of antennal socket 0.7 × distance between sockets and 1.4 × distance between socket and eye. Suture connected margin of antennal socket with inner margin of eye present and distinct. Clypeal suture shallow and complete. Hypoclypeal depression round, its width 1.1 × distance from edge of depression to eye, about 0.5 × width of face. Occipital carina coarse, below joined with hypostomal carina upper base of mandible. Palpi long, length of maxillary palpus almost equal to head height. Antenna relatively thick, weakly setiform, with 41 antennomeres, 1.3 × longer than body. Scape 1.8 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellomere 4.3 × longer than its apical width, 1.1 × longer than second. Penultimate flagellomere 2.5 × longer than wide, 0.5 × as long as first flagellomere, 0.8 × as long as apical flagellomere; the latter pointed apically and without spine. Mesosoma. Length 1.8 × its height. Pronotum (lateral view) convex dorsally, with median pronotal carina. Median lobe of mesoscutum (dorsal view) distinctly protruding forwards, with fine to very fine median furrow. Notauli deep, wide and coarsely crenulate. Prescutellar depression rather deep, with distinct median and two fine lateral carinae, almost smooth between carinae, 0.4 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum convex and without lateral carinae. Metanotal tooth short, but distinct and subpointed. Subalar depression relatively deep, more or less wide, coarsely rugose-striate. Precoxal sulcus wide, almost straight, oblique, coarsely and sparsely crenulate, running along anterior half of lower part of mesopleuron. Propodeum with distinct, thick lateral tubercles. Wings. Fore wing 3.4 × longer than its maximum width. Radial vein (r) arising behind middle of pterostigma, from its basal 0.7. Radial (marginal) cell not shortened; metacarp (1-R1) almost 1.5 × longer than pterostigma. First radial abscissa (r) 0.8 × as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) 3.6 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.65 × as long as straight third abscissa (SR1), 1.3 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 2.7 × longer than its maximum width, 1.3 × longer than brachial (subdiscal) cell. First medial abscissa (1-SR+M) distinctly sinuate. Mediocubital vein (M+CU1) almost straight. Recurrent vein (m-cu) weakly curved, almost equal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR). Distance from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) 0.6 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising from posterior 0.2 of distal margin (3-CU1) of brachial (subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 5.2 × longer than maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.7 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.8 × as long as second abscissa (1- M). Mediocubital (basal) cell large, distinctly widened toward apex, 5.7 × longer than wide, 0.4 × as long as wing. Recurrent vein (m-cu) weakly curved, subinterstitial, distinctly pigmented. Legs. Fore tibia with numerous slender spines arranged in narrow line. Hind femur rather narrow, 4.5 × longer than wide. Hind tarsus as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.9 × as long as second–fifth tarsal segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.4 × as long as basitarsus, 1.5 × longer than fifth segment (without pretarsus). Metasoma 1.1 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite rather thick, with small dorsope, with distinct spiracular tubercles in basal 0.3, distinctly and weakly curvedly widened from base to apex. Maximum width of first tergite 1.6 × its width at level of spiracles, 2.2 × its minimum width; length of tergite 1.7 × its apical width, 1.8 × length of propodeum. Length of second and third tergites combined 1.2 × basal width of second tergite, 0.9 × their maximum width. Ovipositor sheath 1.1 × longer than body, 2.3 × longer than metasoma, 3.3 × longer than mesosoma, 1.4 × longer than fore wing. Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex and temple smooth; frons smooth posteriorly, rugose anteriorly; face finely striate with rugulosity, smooth in lower third. Sides of pronotum entirely coarsely rugose-striate, with coarsely crenulate wide and oblique median depression. Mesoscutum rather densely and finely punctate, coarsely striate in narrow medioposterior area in posterior half. Scutellum almost smooth. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth. Propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by high carinae; basolateral areas large, almost entirely finely rugulosereticulate; areola short and rather wide, 1.2 × longer than wide; basal carina in basal half of propodeum long, 2.2 × longer than anterior fork of areola; posterior part of propodeum coarsely sparsely and rather finely rugose. Hind coxae finely rugulose dorsally, smooth on most part. Hind femur smooth, partly with fine and sparse punctation. First tergite entirely densely and coarsely striate with rugulosity between striae, medially coarsely transversely striate with rugulosity in basal 0.3. Second tergite mostly smooth, with short basal striation. Remaining tergites smooth. Vertex with rather dense, relatively long and semi-erect yellow setae, medially partly almost glabrous. Mesoscutum entirely with dense, rather short and semi-erect yellow setae. Hind tibia dorsally with rather short, dense and almost erect setae, length of these setae 0.4–0.6 × maximum width of hind tibia. Colour. Head mainly yellow, face mainly, malar space and temple brown to dark brown. Mesosoma mainly black, mesoscutum and scutellum brownish yellow to reddish brown. Metasoma reddish brown to dark reddish brown, first tergite black. Antennae mainly dark brown to black, segments in basal fifth light brown to reddish brown. Palpi pale yellow. Legs mainly yellow, all femora medially or dorso-medially distinctly infuscate; tibiae and tarsi brownish, hind tibia basally black at short part. Ovipositor sheath brown to dark brown, apically black. Fore wing distinctly infuscate. Pterostigma dark brown to black, pale brown shortly basally. Male. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the country from where this new species was collected. Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas). Diagnosis. This new species is similar to S. longipalpis Belokobylskij and S. japonica Belokobylskij et Maeto. The differences between these species are shown in the below key to species., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2022, First record of the genus Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Doryctinae) in the New World, with the description of a new species, pp. 439-445 in Zootaxa 5162 (4) on pages 441-444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5162.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6810484

Kerevata orientalia Ranjith, Quicke & Priyadarsanan, sp. nov. (Figs 1���2) Material examined. Holotype, female, INDIA: Kerala, Ernakulum, Thattekad, 10��10.39 N, 76��70.04 E, 35 m a.s.l., sweep net, 3.ii.2017, coll. Ranjith, A.P. (AIMB). Paratypes, 4 males, INDIA: Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden, 08��45.03N, 77��01.38 E, 81 m a.s.l., 06.i.2020, sweep net, coll. Ranjith, A.P. (AIMB). Description. Holotype female. Length of body 4.53 mm, fore wing 3.64 mm, ovipositor 1.28 mm. Head. Antenna with 42 flagellomeres. First flagellomere 1.2 �� longer than 2 nd and 3 rd. Width of head: width of face: height of eye = 2.5: 1: 1.6. Shortest distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 1: 2.1: 1.7. Face 1.3 �� as wide as long medially, smooth, setose (Fig. 1B), slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 1D). Clypeus rugose with sparse setosity laterally (Fig. 1B). Inner margin of eyes emarginated (Fig. 1B). Transverse diameter of eye 2.5 �� as long as temple in dorsal view (Fig. 1C). Frons with shallow medial longitudinal groove (Fig. 1C). Vertex and temple shiny, smooth sparsely setose (Fig. 1C). Occipital carina present, not pointed medially (Figs 1C, D). Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.9 �� longer than high. Mesoscutum smooth, setose, rugose medio-posteriorly, carinate marginally, with crenulated groove laterally (Fig. 1F). Notauli complete, joined posteriorly (Fig. 1F). Scutellar sulcus with midlongitudinal carina (Fig. 1F). Scutellum smooth, sparsely setose with distinct lateral carina (Fig. 1F). Mesopleuron smooth except anterior part irregularly rugose and sparsely setose with widely crenulated precoxal sulcus (Fig. 1E). Epicnemial carina present (Fig. 1E). Metapleuron rugose, smooth anterior half, sparsely setose (Fig. 1E). Propodeum with short midlongitudinal carina anteriorly rest rugose without sublateral longitudinal carina (Fig. 2A). Wings. Fore wing (Figs 2C, D). Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2.6: 4.2. Lengths of vein 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 2.4: 5: 1. Length of 1CUb 4.0 �� 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 �� 1Ma+1Mb (Fig. 2C). Legs. Lengths of fore femur: fore tibia: fore tarsus = 1: 1.3: 1.5. Lengths of hind femur: hind tibia: hind tarsus = 1: 1.3: 1.3. Hind femur 4.7 �� longer than maximum width. Claws without basal lobe. Metasoma. Length of first tergite 2.0 �� longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.4 �� as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.2, 0.9 �� as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite longitudinally striate with midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose (Fig. 2E). Second tergite longitudinally striate, sparsely setose (Fig. 2F). Third tergite longitudinally striate, sparsely setose (Fig. 2F). Remaining tergites largely unsclerotised. Ovipositor sheath sparsely setose. Ovipositor sheath approximately 1.1 �� as long as hind femur (Fig. 1A). Colour. Body yellow except apex of mandibles, ocellar area, vertex medially and laterally, pronotum dorsolaterally, mesoscutum laterally, mesopleuron except medially, metapleuron posteriorly, propodeum postero-laterally, distal wing veins, fore tibia, hind femora, tarsal claws, first metasomal tergite anteriorly and antero-laterally, metasomal tergite 4���7, ovipositor sheath brown. Male. Same as female. Distribution. Kerala, India. Host. Unknown. Ecology. The specimens were collected in the afternoon from grass land including some shrubby patches of Strobilanthes plants. Etymology. Species is named after the first record of the genus from the Indomalayan (=Oriental) region. Comparative diagnosis. Kerevata orientalia comes close to the other new species, K. kethai and K. longi based on general body colouration. However, this new species can be differentiated from K. kethai and K. longi in having completely yellow face, (vs with brownish or blackish patch), propodeum without smooth area near to anterior midlongitudinal carina (vs with smooth lateral areas), length of first metasomal tergite 2.0 �� as long as its apical width (vs more than 2.0 �� as long as its apical width), hind femur 4.7 �� longer than maximum width (vs more than 6.6���7.5 �� longer than maximum width)., Published as part of Ranjith, A. P., Quicke, Donald L. J., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan, 2022, Kerevata Belokobylskij (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) is no longer a Papua New Guinean endemic with descriptions of three new species from the Indomalayan Region, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 343-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5843735

Kerevata kethai Ranjith, Quicke & Priyadarsanan, sp. nov. (Figs 3���4) Material examined. Holotype, female, INDIA: Karnataka, Chamarajanagar, Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Tiger Reserve, Parasakatte, 12��01.414 N, 77��06.551 E, 795 m a.s.l., 30.ix���14.x.2005, coll. Priyadarsanan, D. R. (AIMB). Description. Holotype female. Length of body 7.63 mm, fore wing 6.75 mm, ovipositor 2.4 mm. Head. Antenna with 48 flagellomeres. First flagellomere 1.6 �� longer than 2 nd and 3 rd. Width of head: width of face: height of eye = 2.8: 1: 1.6. Shortest distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 1: 2.2: 1.5. Face 1.1 �� as wide as long medially, smooth, setose (Fig. 3B), slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 3D). Clypeus smooth with sparse setosity laterally (Fig. 3B). Inner margin of eyes emarginated (Fig. 3B). Transverse diameter of eye 2.7 �� as long as temple in dorsal view (Fig. 3C). Frons with shallow medial longitudinal groove and radiating striae (Fig. 3C). Vertex and temple shiny, punctate setose (Fig. 3C). Occipital carina present, not pointed medially (Figs 3C, D). Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.9 �� longer than high. Mesoscutum punctate, setose, rugose medio-posteriorly, carinate marginally, with crenulated groove laterally (Fig. 3F). Notauli complete, crenulate, joined posteriorly (Fig. 3F). Scutellar sulcus with midlongitudinal carina (Fig. 3F). Scutellum smooth, sparsely setose with distinct lateral carina and a pair of antero-lateral carinae (Fig. 3F). Mesopleuron smooth except anterior part irregularly rugose and sparsely setose with widely crenulated precoxal sulcus (Fig. 3E). Epicnemial carina present (Fig. 3F). Metapleuron rugose, sparsely setose (Figs 3F, 4B). Propodeum with midlongitudinal carina anterior half bordered by largely smooth area, with distinct sublateral longitudinal carina, rest rugose (Fig. 4A). Wings. Fore wing (Figs 4C, D). Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2: 3.8. Lengths of veins 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 1.2: 2.8: 1. Length of 1CUb 1.5 �� 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 2.0 �� 1Ma+1Mb (Fig. 4C). Legs. Lengths of fore femur: fore tibia: fore tarsus = 1: 1: 1.2. Lengths of hind femur: hind tibia: hind tarsus = 1: 1.5: 1.6. Hind femur 7.5 �� longer than maximum width. Claws without basal lobe. Metasoma. Length of first tergite 2.2 �� longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.3 �� as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.2, 0.9 �� as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite longitudinally rugose-striate with midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose (Fig. 4E). Second tergite longitudinally rugose-striate, with indistinct midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose (Fig. 4F). Third tergite longitudinally rugose-striate, sparsely setose (Fig. 4F). Remaining tergites largely unsclerotised. Ovipositor sheath sparsely setose. Ovipositor sheath approximately 1.3 �� as long as hind femur (Fig. 3A). Colour. Body black except flagellomeres, face, maxillary and labial palps, frons, vertex laterally, temple, lateral pronotum 2/3 rd, mesopleuron medially and anteriorly, metapleuron anteriorly, notaular line, scutellum posterior half, fore leg, mid leg, hind leg except posterior 2/3 rd hind femur, sternites yellow. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Karnataka, India. Host. Unknown. Ecology. The specimen was collected by malaise trap from dry deciduous forest dominated by Terminalia trees. Etymology. We dedicate this species to late Ketha Gowda, a brilliant, dedicated and diligent collection assistant who worked with DRP in BR Hills. Comparative diagnosis. This new species is similar to K. longi based on the characters mentioned in the key. It differs from K. longi in having the following characters (besides features mentioned after K. longi description); first flagellomere 1.6 �� longer than 2 nd and 3 rd (1.3 �� in K. longi), frons without a pair of carinae laterally (a pair of lateral carinae distinct in K. longi), precoxal sulcus of mesopleuron slightly curved (straight in K. longi), second metasomal tergite 1.2 �� as long as its apical width (1.5���1.6 �� in K. longi)., Published as part of Ranjith, A. P., Quicke, Donald L. J., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan, 2022, Kerevata Belokobylskij (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) is no longer a Papua New Guinean endemic with descriptions of three new species from the Indomalayan Region, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 345-348, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5843735

Kerevata longi Belokobylskij, sp. nov. (Figs 5–6) Material examined. Holotype: female, VIETNAM: Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy District, Da Phuc, 20º18ʹ N 105º35ʹ, 100 m a.s.l., 3– 4.05.2002, coll. S. Belokobylskij. (ZISP). Paratype: 1 female, same label as in holotype (ZISP). Description. Holotype female. Length of body 8.4 mm, fore wing 7.1 mm, ovipositor sheath 2.7 mm. Head. Antenna with more than 40 flagellomeres (apical segments missing). First flagellomere 1.3 × longer than 2 nd and 3 rd (Fig. 6A). Width of head: minimum width of face: height of eye = 2.75: 1: 1.55. Shortest distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 1: 2.6: 2.4. Face 1.3 × as wide as long medially, smooth, setose (Fig. 5B), slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 5D). Clypeus smooth with sparse setosity upper and laterally (Fig. 5B). Inner margin of eyes emarginated (Fig. 5B). Transverse diameter of eye 2.6 × as long as temple in dorsal view (Fig. 5C). Frons with shallow medial longitudinal groove (Fig. 5C). Vertex and temple shiny, smooth and with rather dense setose punctation, densely setose (Fig. 5C). Occipital carina present, wide (Figs 5C, D). Mesosoma. Mesosoma 2.1 × longer than high. Mesoscutum weakly and sparsely punctate, smooth between punctures, entirely setose, coarse rugose in medio-posterior one-third, carinate marginally, with sparsely and weakly crenulated narrow grooves laterally (Fig. 5F). Notauli complete, joined posteriorly, densely and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 5F). Scutellar sulcus with midlongitudinal carina and two short and curved lateral carinae (Fig. 5F). Scutellum smooth with sparse fine punctation, sparsely setose, with distinct lateral carina (Fig. 5F). Mesopleuron smooth upper posteriorly and densely finely punctate below, its anterior part irregularly rugose and sparsely setose, with widely crenulated wide and weakly sinuate precoxal sulcus (Fig. 5E). Epicnemial carina present (Fig. 5E). Metapleuron almost entirely rugose-areolate (Figs 5E, 6B). Propodeum with rather long longitudinal basal carina in anterior half, mainly coarsely rugose, only anteriorly almost smooth (Figs 5F, 6E). Wings. Fore wing (Figs 6C, D). Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2.4: 3.3. Lengths of vein 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 1.55: 2.80: 1. Length of 1CUb 5.8 × 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 × 1Ma+1Mb (Fig. 6C). Legs. Lengths of fore femur: fore tibia: fore tarsus = 1: 1.3: 1.1. Lengths of hind femur: hind tibia: hind tarsus = 1: 1.5: 1.6. Hind femur 6.6 × longer than maximum width. Claws without basal lobe. Metasoma. Length of first tergite 2.2 × longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.4 × as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.6 and 1.0 × as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite densely longitudinally striate with sparse rugulosity between striae, with midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose (Fig. 6E). Second tergite densely longitudinally striate and dense rugulosity between striae, densely setose (Fig. 6F). Third tergite entirely densely longitudinally striate and dense rugulosity between striae, densely setose (Fig. 6F). Remaining tergites weakly sclerotised. Ovipositor sheath rather densely setose, with mainly long setae. Ovipositor sheath 1.4 × length of hind femur (Fig. 5A). Colour. Head mainly pale yellow, with black or brown labrum, narrow medial longitudinal stripe on face, frons and vertex, stemmaticum and narrow stripes along lateral occipital carina. Antenna pale yellow with black scape, pedicel and basal half of first flagellomere. Palps whitish-yellow. Mesosoma mainly black, pronotum yellow in posterior two-thirds, with small elongate yellow spots along inner margins of notauli in anterior third, in upper posterior part of mesopleuron and in anterior upper part of metapleuron. Metasoma black dorsally and brownishyellow ventrally. Legs mainly pale yellow, tarsi yellowish brown; hind femur mainly black. Wings faintly infuscate, distinctly darkened along veins in narrow areas, distinctly narrowly infuscate basally and apically, vein C+SC+R dark brown, but yellow in subapical half. Variation. Length of body 10.0 mm, fore wing 8.1 mm, ovipositor sheath 2.8 mm. Transverse diameter of eye 3.0 × as long as temple in dorsal view. Mesosoma 2.2 × longer than high. Scutellar sulcus with several distinct curved lateral carinae. Propodeum with rather long longitudinal basal carina in anterior third. Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2.2: 3.5. Lengths of vein 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 1.5: 2.6: 1.0. length of 1CUb 6.8 × 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 1.7 × 1Ma+1Mb. Hind femur 6.9 × longer than maximum width. Length of first metasomal tergite 2.3 × longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.5 × as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.5 and 1.0 × and as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite with coarse and complete midlongitudinal carina. Ovipositor sheath 1.3 × length of hind femur. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Host. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named in honour of our colleague, the expert of Vietnamese Braconidae, Dr Khuat Dang Long. Comparative diagnosis. This species in very similar to Indian species K. kethai sp. nov., but differs from it in having in fore wing the vein 1 cu-a only weakly postfurcal (strongly postfurcal in K. kethai), posterior curved part of M+CU1 short, sclerotised spot on subbasal cell situated much closely to 1 cu-a (long and sclerotised spot situated far from cu-a in K. kethai), in hind wing vein 2-SC+R longitudinal or subsquare (transverse in K. kethai), bump on the dorsal margin of neck long, as long as rest part of neck in dorsal view (distinctly shorter in K. kethai), propleuron entirely black (mainly brownish yellow except its anterior margin in K. kethai), hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 × 1Ma+1Mb (hind wing vein M+CU 2.0 × 1Ma+1Mb in K. kethai).

Kerevata longi Belokobylskij, sp. nov. (Figs 5���6) Material examined. Holotype: female, VIETNAM: Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy District, Da Phuc, 20��18�� N 105��35��, 100 m a.s.l., 3��� 4.05.2002, coll. S. Belokobylskij. (ZISP). Paratype: 1 female, same label as in holotype (ZISP). Description. Holotype female. Length of body 8.4 mm, fore wing 7.1 mm, ovipositor sheath 2.7 mm. Head. Antenna with more than 40 flagellomeres (apical segments missing). First flagellomere 1.3 �� longer than 2 nd and 3 rd (Fig. 6A). Width of head: minimum width of face: height of eye = 2.75: 1: 1.55. Shortest distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 1: 2.6: 2.4. Face 1.3 �� as wide as long medially, smooth, setose (Fig. 5B), slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 5D). Clypeus smooth with sparse setosity upper and laterally (Fig. 5B). Inner margin of eyes emarginated (Fig. 5B). Transverse diameter of eye 2.6 �� as long as temple in dorsal view (Fig. 5C). Frons with shallow medial longitudinal groove (Fig. 5C). Vertex and temple shiny, smooth and with rather dense setose punctation, densely setose (Fig. 5C). Occipital carina present, wide (Figs 5C, D). Mesosoma. Mesosoma 2.1 �� longer than high. Mesoscutum weakly and sparsely punctate, smooth between punctures, entirely setose, coarse rugose in medio-posterior one-third, carinate marginally, with sparsely and weakly crenulated narrow grooves laterally (Fig. 5F). Notauli complete, joined posteriorly, densely and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 5F). Scutellar sulcus with midlongitudinal carina and two short and curved lateral carinae (Fig. 5F). Scutellum smooth with sparse fine punctation, sparsely setose, with distinct lateral carina (Fig. 5F). Mesopleuron smooth upper posteriorly and densely finely punctate below, its anterior part irregularly rugose and sparsely setose, with widely crenulated wide and weakly sinuate precoxal sulcus (Fig. 5E). Epicnemial carina present (Fig. 5E). Metapleuron almost entirely rugose-areolate (Figs 5E, 6B). Propodeum with rather long longitudinal basal carina in anterior half, mainly coarsely rugose, only anteriorly almost smooth (Figs 5F, 6E). Wings. Fore wing (Figs 6C, D). Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2.4: 3.3. Lengths of vein 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 1.55: 2.80: 1. Length of 1CUb 5.8 �� 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 �� 1Ma+1Mb (Fig. 6C). Legs. Lengths of fore femur: fore tibia: fore tarsus = 1: 1.3: 1.1. Lengths of hind femur: hind tibia: hind tarsus = 1: 1.5: 1.6. Hind femur 6.6 �� longer than maximum width. Claws without basal lobe. Metasoma. Length of first tergite 2.2 �� longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.4 �� as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.6 and 1.0 �� as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite densely longitudinally striate with sparse rugulosity between striae, with midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose (Fig. 6E). Second tergite densely longitudinally striate and dense rugulosity between striae, densely setose (Fig. 6F). Third tergite entirely densely longitudinally striate and dense rugulosity between striae, densely setose (Fig. 6F). Remaining tergites weakly sclerotised. Ovipositor sheath rather densely setose, with mainly long setae. Ovipositor sheath 1.4 �� length of hind femur (Fig. 5A). Colour. Head mainly pale yellow, with black or brown labrum, narrow medial longitudinal stripe on face, frons and vertex, stemmaticum and narrow stripes along lateral occipital carina. Antenna pale yellow with black scape, pedicel and basal half of first flagellomere. Palps whitish-yellow. Mesosoma mainly black, pronotum yellow in posterior two-thirds, with small elongate yellow spots along inner margins of notauli in anterior third, in upper posterior part of mesopleuron and in anterior upper part of metapleuron. Metasoma black dorsally and brownishyellow ventrally. Legs mainly pale yellow, tarsi yellowish brown; hind femur mainly black. Wings faintly infuscate, distinctly darkened along veins in narrow areas, distinctly narrowly infuscate basally and apically, vein C+SC+R dark brown, but yellow in subapical half. Variation. Length of body 10.0 mm, fore wing 8.1 mm, ovipositor sheath 2.8 mm. Transverse diameter of eye 3.0 �� as long as temple in dorsal view. Mesosoma 2.2 �� longer than high. Scutellar sulcus with several distinct curved lateral carinae. Propodeum with rather long longitudinal basal carina in anterior third. Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 1: 2.2: 3.5. Lengths of vein 2RS: 3RSa: rs-m = 1.5: 2.6: 1.0. length of 1CUb 6.8 �� 1CUa. Hind wing vein M+CU 1.7 �� 1Ma+1Mb. Hind femur 6.9 �� longer than maximum width. Length of first metasomal tergite 2.3 �� longer than its apical width. Second tergite 1.5 �� as long as third tergite. Second and third tergites 1.5 and 1.0 �� and as long as its apical width respectively. First tergite with coarse and complete midlongitudinal carina. Ovipositor sheath 1.3 �� length of hind femur. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Host. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named in honour of our colleague, the expert of Vietnamese Braconidae, Dr Khuat Dang Long. Comparative diagnosis. This species in very similar to Indian species K. kethai sp. nov., but differs from it in having in fore wing the vein 1 cu-a only weakly postfurcal (strongly postfurcal in K. kethai), posterior curved part of M+CU1 short, sclerotised spot on subbasal cell situated much closely to 1 cu-a (long and sclerotised spot situated far from cu-a in K. kethai), in hind wing vein 2-SC+R longitudinal or subsquare (transverse in K. kethai), bump on the dorsal margin of neck long, as long as rest part of neck in dorsal view (distinctly shorter in K. kethai), propleuron entirely black (mainly brownish yellow except its anterior margin in K. kethai), hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 �� 1Ma+1Mb (hind wing vein M+CU 2.0 �� 1Ma+1Mb in K. kethai)., Published as part of Ranjith, A. P., Quicke, Donald L. J., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan, 2022, Kerevata Belokobylskij (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) is no longer a Papua New Guinean endemic with descriptions of three new species from the Indomalayan Region, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 348-353, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5843735

Key to the species of Kerevata Belokobylskij 1. Antennal flagellum uniformly yellow or yellow-brown (Figs 1A, 3A, 5A, 7A); hind wing vein RS vertical (Figs 4D, 8C) (except in K. longi); second metasomal tergite without distinct midlongitudinal carina, if present, very fine (Figs 2F, 4F, 6F, 8A, 10B); wings hyaline or with brown pattern (Figs 2C, 4C, 6C, 8C); mesosoma 1.8���2.1 �� as long as high................. 2 - Antennal flagellum black, with or without white band or tip (Figs 9A, D, 10C); hind wing vein RS longitudinal (Fig. 10F); second metasomal tergite with distinct midlongitudinal carina (Figs 9B, C, 10E); wings uniformly brown or fuscous on distal half, sometimes with pale base (Figs 9A, B); mesosoma less than 1.8 �� as long as high.............................. 6 2 Head and mesosoma largely orange-yellow or yellow brown or at most with some dark marks on mesopleuron and propodeum (Figs 7A, 9E, F, 10A); pterostigma medially brown or black (Figs 8C, D, 9D); occiput medially yellow................. 3 - Head and mesosoma extensively marked with dark brown or black, at least temple near occipital carina, vertex, pronotum, mesoscutum laterally and mesosternum (Figs 1A, 3A, 5A); pterostigma medially yellow (Figs 2C, 4C, 6C); occiput medially brown (Figs 1C, 3C, 5C)............................................................................... 4 3 Mesoscutum with confluence of notauli largely smooth (Fig. 7F); first metasomal tergite 2.2 �� as long as its apical width; pronotum weakly protruding in front of mesoscutum (Fig. 7E); pterostigma brown with paler base and apex (Figs 8C, D); hind femur completely yellow (Fig. 8B) [Bismark Archipelago]................................. K. pacifica Belokobylskij - Mesoscutum with confluence of notauli strongly rugose (Fig. 9F); first metasomal tergite 1.9 �� as long as its apical width; pronotum strongly protruding in front of mesoscutum (Figs 9E, F); pterostigma entirely black (Fig. 9D); hind femur apical half black (Fig. 9D) [Papua New Guinea]............................................. K. hammondi Butcher & Quicke 4 Frons without radiating striae laterally (Fig. 1C); body mostly yellow (Fig. 1A); propodeum with more or less triangular medio-posterior areola (Fig. 2A); subbasal cell on the apex of fore wing without glabrous patch (Fig. 2D); metapleuron smooth anteriorly (Fig. 1E); hind wing vein M+CU 1.6 �� 1Ma+1Mb [India].. K. orientalia Ranjith, Quicke & Priyadarsanan sp. nov. - Frons with radiating striae laterally (Figs 3C, 5C); body mostly dark brown to black (Figs 3A, 5A); propodeum without medioposterior areola (Figs 4A, 6E); subbasal cell on the apex of fore wing with glabrous patch (Figs 4D, 6D); metapleuron rugose anteriorly (Fig. 3E); hind wing vein M+CU more than 1.6 �� 1Ma+1Mb.......................................... 5 5 Middle lobe of mesoscutum distinctly raised above lateral lobe in lateral view (Figs 3D, E); mesoscutum irregularly rugose medio-posteriorly (Fig. 3F); length of fore wing vein 1CUb 1.5 �� 1CUa; posterior curved part of fore wing M+CU1 long, sclerotised spot in subbasal cell situated far from 1 cu-a (Fig. 4C); hind wing vein RS longitudinal (Fig. 4D); propodeum with sublateral longitudinal carina (Fig. 4A); mesopleuron with yellow spot medially (Fig. 3E) [India].................................................................................. K. kethai Ranjith, Quicke & Priyadarsanan sp. nov. - Middle lobe of mesoscutum parallel to lateral lobe in lateral view (Fig. 5E); mesoscutum transversely striate-rugose medio-posteriorly (Fig. 5F); length of fore wing vein 1CUb 5.8 �� 1CUa; posterior curved part of fore wing M+CU1 short, sclerotised spot in subbasal cell situated much closely to 1 cu-a (Fig. 6C); hind wing vein RS transverse (Fig. 6D); propodeum without sublateral longitudinal carina (Fig. 5F); mesopleuron without yellow spot medially (Fig. 5E) [Vietnam]............................................................................................. K. longi Belokobylskij sp. nov. 6 First metasomal tergite almost parallel-sided (Fig. 9C); occipital carina distinctly sinuous and not pointed medio-dorsally (Fig. 9B); mesoscutum longitudinally striate between notauli posteriorly (Fig. 9B); fore wing vein 1CUb straight (Fig. 9B); frons entirely smooth and shiny; antenna (female only) black with a pre-apical pale stripe (Fig. 9A); head and mesosoma entirely orange-red (Figs 9A, B); metasoma black (Fig. 9C) [Papua New Guinea]................. K. clarksoni Butcher & Quicke - First metasomal tergite markedly widening posteriorly (Fig. 10E); occipital carina evenly rounded or medially pointed mediodorsally; mesoscutum rugulose between notauli posteriorly; fore wing vein 1CUb strongly arched (Fig. 10F); frons with at least some distinct carination; antenna without pre-apical pale band (Fig. 10C); head largely black, mesosoma with strong black markings (Figs 10C, D); metasomal tergite 1 and most of 2 white (Fig. 10E) [Papua New Guinea]................................................................................................ K. jamesmayi Butcher & Quicke, Published as part of Ranjith, A. P., Quicke, Donald L. J., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan, 2022, Kerevata Belokobylskij (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) is no longer a Papua New Guinean endemic with descriptions of three new species from the Indomalayan Region, pp. 341-356 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on pages 342-343, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5843735

Genus Sakhalinoctonus Davidian, gen. nov. Type species. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, sp. nov. Etymology. The new genus name is composed from Sakhalin, name of island where the studied amber was collected, and part of the aphidiine genus name “ Monoctonus ”. The gender is masculine. Diagnosis. Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 2) 12-segmented, filiform, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum (Figs 1, 2) probably with complete notauli. Propodeum with large median areola delineated by prominent carinae. In forewing (Fig. 3A, B), pterostigma narrowly triangular; metacarpus (1-R1) relatively hardly perceivable, not reaching wing apex. Radial (r, 3-SR, SR1), medial (1-SR+M, 2-M, 3-M) and parallel(CU1a) veins of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large medial cell. Second transverse anal vein (a) present, but very fine. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (Figs 1, 2) long; hind leg about as long as body, covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (Figs 1, 2) long, slightly widened towards apex, about 4.0 times as long as its width medially. Ovipositor weakly curved down, wide basally, acuminate towards apex and with subapical dorsal notch. Ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3C) relatively long, about 6.0 times longer than maximum width, gradually tapered from base towards apex and very narrowly rounded at apex, weakly curved downward, covered by mainly long setae. Remarks. Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. is the most similar to the fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961 (type species: Trioxys obscuriformis Quilis, 1940 = Trioxys fossilis Mackauer, 1959) and Promonoctonia Starý, 1973 (type species: Aphidius quievreuxi Quilis, 1940) by the small number of antennal segments, presence of the closed medial cell in the forewing, and downward curved and taped apically ovipositor sheaths. Protacanthoides and Promonoctonia are characterised by a 13-segmented thick antenna, third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) of forewing rather short and not reaching distal margin of wing, second (3-SR) and third (SR1) abscissae of radial vein subequal in the length, and the ovipositor sheath curved downward. In addition, Protacanthoides fossilis has metasomal petiole subtriangle with approximately equal its length and maximum width, which is smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles; ovipositor sheath rather short, evenly curved downward and tapered towards its apex, acuminate apically, about 0.15 times as long as metasoma. Unfortunately, the information about the condition of notauli, propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath was not visible in this specimen. On the other hand, Promonoctonia quievreuxi is also characterised by the following additional features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15 times as long as metasoma. The differences between Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and similar fossil genera are shown in the key below. Key to fossil aphidiine genera with curved down ovipositor sheaths 1. Antenna slender, 12-segmented (Fig. 2). Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2- M) of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing (Fig. 3A). Ovipositor sheaths (Fig. 3C) relatively long and curved downward, gradually tapered towards apex, very narrowly rounded at apex, about 6.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.4 times as long as metasoma................................... Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna thick, 13-segmented. Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2-M) of forewing short and far from reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths short, claw-shaped and with long widened basal part and short narrow apical part, or evenly tapered to apex and acuminate apically, about 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15–0.20 times as long as metasoma...................................................................... 2 2. Ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow its apical part, perhaps narrowly rounded apically. [Mesoscutum without notauli. Propodeum without delineated areola. Petiole of metasoma very short and wide]......................... Promonoctonia Starý - Ovipositor sheaths weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex and acuminate apically. [Petiole of metasoma subtriangular, smooth, without projecting spiracular tubercles, about as long as its maximum width]..................................................... Protacanthoides Mackauer Key to fossil Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and the most similar extant genera 1. Ovipositor sheaths curved down, gradually tapered towards apex and acuminate apically. Antenna 11–14- segmented..........................................................................2 - Ovipositor sheaths straight and strongly acuminate apically or weakly upcurved, weakly tapered and obtuse apically. Antenna 14–17-segmented............................................... 4 2. Ovipositor sheaths approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width, entirely uniformly covered by long and sparse setae. Antenna 12–14-segmented. [Propodeum with medial areola. Petiole of metasoma parallel-sided, sculptured, with medial longitudinal carina, 3.0 times longer than width at level of spiracles. Long setae of ovipositor sheaths arranged mainly along its dorsal margin]............................................ Calaphidius Mackauer - Ovipositor sheaths 6.0–7.5 times longer than its maximum width, uniformly covered by numerous long setae longest on its ventral margin or covered by short and numerous setae on dorsal margin of sheaths and sparse and long setae on their ventral margin.Antenna 11–12-segmented. [Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex or almost parallelsided, with weakly protruding spiracular tubercles]......... 3 3. Antenna 12-segmented. Forewing with closed medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered almost uniformly with long setae, longest on ventral margin; sheaths 6.0 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum with central area delineated by high carinae. Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex, 4.0 times longer than its maximum width......................................... Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna 11-segmented. Forewing with open medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins short and far not reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered by short and dense setae on their dorsal margin and long and sparse setae on their ventral margin; sheaths approximately 7.5 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum basally only with two short and divergent posteriorly carinae, without delineated central area. Petiole of metasoma almost parallel-sided, 2.0 times longer than its medial width.......... Indaphidius Starý 4. Ovipositor sheaths straight,distinctly acuminate apically,3.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna moniliform, 14–15-segmented. Propodeum without carinae. Petiole of metasoma short and wide, about as long as its width at level of spiracular tubercles................................ Aclitus Foerster - Ovipositor sheaths weakly upcurved, weakly tapered towards apex and obtuse apically, 2.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna filiform, 17-segmented. Propodeum basally with two divergent posteriorly carinae. Petiole of metasoma long and rather narrow, 3.5 times longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles.................................................... Archaphidus Starý & Sсhlinger

Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, sp. nov. (Figs 1–3) Type material. Holotype: female, PIN 3387 /104. Russia, Sakhalin Island, Dolinsk District, Starodubskoye (PIN). Etymology. This new species is named in honour of Professor Alexander Pavlovich Rasnitsyn, the prominent Russian hymenopterist and palaeontologist, dedicated in celebration of his 85 th birthday. Diagnosis. As stated above, for the new genus. Type locality and horizon. Sakhalin Island, on the beach of Terpeniya Bay, Starodubskoe, Russia. Sakhalinian amber from the Middle Eocene (43–47 Ma). Description. Female. Body length 1.4 mm, antenna length 0.9 mm. Head. Head capsule artificially strongly depressed dorso-ventrally; eyes more or less flattened, with long setae. Scape of antenna short and wide, its length almost equal to maximum apical width. Pedicel rather short and wide, 0.75 times as long as maximum width, as wide as scape. Flagellum entirely with dense and semi-erect setae, length of setae larger than segment width. F1 4.5 times longer than its median width and 1.1 times longer than F2; F2 almost 4.0 times longer than its median width. Remaining segments weakly gradually shortened towards apex and only weakly shorter than F2. Wings. Pterostigma triangular, about 3.5 times longer than its maximum width. Metacarpus (1-R1) about 1.5 times longer than pterostigma. Radial (R, 3-SR, SR1), medial (1-SR+M, 4-M) and parallel (CU1a) veins of forewing almost reaching distal margin of wing. Legs. Femora and tibia of fore and middle legs about 10.0 times longer than their maximum width. Hind femur 13.0 times longer than its medial width; hind tibia 15.0 times longer than its maximum width. Basitarsi of fore and middle tarsi about twice longer than their second segments. Basitarsus of hind leg 3.0 times longer than its second segment. All legs with dense and semi-erect long setae. Metasoma. Petiole long, twice wider apically than basally (lateral view), about 4.0 times longer than its width in middle (subdorsal view). Ovipositor sheaths rather long, weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex, narrowly rounded at apex, covered predominantly by long setae; sheath almost 6.0 times longer than its maximum width, approximately 0.4 times as long as metasoma (measured from base of petiole to base of ovipositor sheaths). Ventral (inner) margin of sheath with eight–ten long setae, which are gradually shortened to apex of sheath. Pubescence. Head with antenna, body and legs almost entirely covered by long and dense setae. Colour. Body mostly dark brown, palps, four basal segments of antenna, legs, ovipositor and its sheaths yellowish brown.

Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, sp. nov. (Figs 1���3) Type material. Holotype: female, PIN 3387 /104. Russia, Sakhalin Island, Dolinsk District, Starodubskoye (PIN). Etymology. This new species is named in honour of Professor Alexander Pavlovich Rasnitsyn, the prominent Russian hymenopterist and palaeontologist, dedicated in celebration of his 85 th birthday. Diagnosis. As stated above, for the new genus. Type locality and horizon. Sakhalin Island, on the beach of Terpeniya Bay, Starodubskoe, Russia. Sakhalinian amber from the Middle Eocene (43���47 Ma). Description. Female. Body length 1.4 mm, antenna length 0.9 mm. Head. Head capsule artificially strongly depressed dorso-ventrally; eyes more or less flattened, with long setae. Scape of antenna short and wide, its length almost equal to maximum apical width. Pedicel rather short and wide, 0.75 times as long as maximum width, as wide as scape. Flagellum entirely with dense and semi-erect setae, length of setae larger than segment width. F1 4.5 times longer than its median width and 1.1 times longer than F2; F2 almost 4.0 times longer than its median width. Remaining segments weakly gradually shortened towards apex and only weakly shorter than F2. Wings. Pterostigma triangular, about 3.5 times longer than its maximum width. Metacarpus (1-R1) about 1.5 times longer than pterostigma. Radial (R, 3-SR, SR1), medial (1-SR+M, 4-M) and parallel (CU1a) veins of forewing almost reaching distal margin of wing. Legs. Femora and tibia of fore and middle legs about 10.0 times longer than their maximum width. Hind femur 13.0 times longer than its medial width; hind tibia 15.0 times longer than its maximum width. Basitarsi of fore and middle tarsi about twice longer than their second segments. Basitarsus of hind leg 3.0 times longer than its second segment. All legs with dense and semi-erect long setae. Metasoma. Petiole long, twice wider apically than basally (lateral view), about 4.0 times longer than its width in middle (subdorsal view). Ovipositor sheaths rather long, weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex, narrowly rounded at apex, covered predominantly by long setae; sheath almost 6.0 times longer than its maximum width, approximately 0.4 times as long as metasoma (measured from base of petiole to base of ovipositor sheaths). Ventral (inner) margin of sheath with eight���ten long setae, which are gradually shortened to apex of sheath. Pubescence. Head with antenna, body and legs almost entirely covered by long and dense setae. Colour. Body mostly dark brown, palps, four basal segments of antenna, legs, ovipositor and its sheaths yellowish brown., Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2021, A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber, pp. 537-543 in Palaeoentomology 4 (6) on page 541, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5778548

Genus Sakhalinoctonus Davidian, gen. nov. Type species. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, sp. nov. Etymology. The new genus name is composed from Sakhalin, name of island where the studied amber was collected, and part of the aphidiine genus name ��� Monoctonus ���. The gender is masculine. Diagnosis. Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 2) 12-segmented, filiform, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum (Figs 1, 2) probably with complete notauli. Propodeum with large median areola delineated by prominent carinae. In forewing (Fig. 3A, B), pterostigma narrowly triangular; metacarpus (1-R1) relatively hardly perceivable, not reaching wing apex. Radial (r, 3-SR, SR1), medial (1-SR+M, 2-M, 3-M) and parallel(CU1a) veins of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large medial cell. Second transverse anal vein (a) present, but very fine. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (Figs 1, 2) long; hind leg about as long as body, covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (Figs 1, 2) long, slightly widened towards apex, about 4.0 times as long as its width medially. Ovipositor weakly curved down, wide basally, acuminate towards apex and with subapical dorsal notch. Ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3C) relatively long, about 6.0 times longer than maximum width, gradually tapered from base towards apex and very narrowly rounded at apex, weakly curved downward, covered by mainly long setae. Remarks. Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. is the most similar to the fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961 (type species: Trioxys obscuriformis Quilis, 1940 = Trioxys fossilis Mackauer, 1959) and Promonoctonia Star��, 1973 (type species: Aphidius quievreuxi Quilis, 1940) by the small number of antennal segments, presence of the closed medial cell in the forewing, and downward curved and taped apically ovipositor sheaths. Protacanthoides and Promonoctonia are characterised by a 13-segmented thick antenna, third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) of forewing rather short and not reaching distal margin of wing, second (3-SR) and third (SR1) abscissae of radial vein subequal in the length, and the ovipositor sheath curved downward. In addition, Protacanthoides fossilis has metasomal petiole subtriangle with approximately equal its length and maximum width, which is smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles; ovipositor sheath rather short, evenly curved downward and tapered towards its apex, acuminate apically, about 0.15 times as long as metasoma. Unfortunately, the information about the condition of notauli, propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath was not visible in this specimen. On the other hand, Promonoctonia quievreuxi is also characterised by the following additional features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15 times as long as metasoma. The differences between Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and similar fossil genera are shown in the key below. Key to fossil aphidiine genera with curved down ovipositor sheaths 1. Antenna slender, 12-segmented (Fig. 2). Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2- M) of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing (Fig. 3A). Ovipositor sheaths (Fig. 3C) relatively long and curved downward, gradually tapered towards apex, very narrowly rounded at apex, about 6.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.4 times as long as metasoma................................... Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna thick, 13-segmented. Third abscissa of radial vein (SR1) and second abscissa of medial vein (2-M) of forewing short and far from reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths short, claw-shaped and with long widened basal part and short narrow apical part, or evenly tapered to apex and acuminate apically, about 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15���0.20 times as long as metasoma...................................................................... 2 2. Ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow its apical part, perhaps narrowly rounded apically. [Mesoscutum without notauli. Propodeum without delineated areola. Petiole of metasoma very short and wide]......................... Promonoctonia Star�� - Ovipositor sheaths weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex and acuminate apically. [Petiole of metasoma subtriangular, smooth, without projecting spiracular tubercles, about as long as its maximum width]..................................................... Protacanthoides Mackauer Key to fossil Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and the most similar extant genera 1. Ovipositor sheaths curved down, gradually tapered towards apex and acuminate apically. Antenna 11���14- segmented..........................................................................2 - Ovipositor sheaths straight and strongly acuminate apically or weakly upcurved, weakly tapered and obtuse apically. Antenna 14���17-segmented............................................... 4 2. Ovipositor sheaths approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width, entirely uniformly covered by long and sparse setae. Antenna 12���14-segmented. [Propodeum with medial areola. Petiole of metasoma parallel-sided, sculptured, with medial longitudinal carina, 3.0 times longer than width at level of spiracles. Long setae of ovipositor sheaths arranged mainly along its dorsal margin]............................................ Calaphidius Mackauer - Ovipositor sheaths 6.0���7.5 times longer than its maximum width, uniformly covered by numerous long setae longest on its ventral margin or covered by short and numerous setae on dorsal margin of sheaths and sparse and long setae on their ventral margin.Antenna 11���12-segmented. [Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex or almost parallelsided, with weakly protruding spiracular tubercles]......... 3 3. Antenna 12-segmented. Forewing with closed medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered almost uniformly with long setae, longest on ventral margin; sheaths 6.0 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum with central area delineated by high carinae. Petiole of metasoma weakly widened toward apex, 4.0 times longer than its maximum width......................................... Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. - Antenna 11-segmented. Forewing with open medial cell. Third abscissa of radial (SR1) and second abscissa of medial (2-M) veins short and far not reaching distal margin of wing. Ovipositor sheaths covered by short and dense setae on their dorsal margin and long and sparse setae on their ventral margin; sheaths approximately 7.5 times longer than its maximum width. Propodeum basally only with two short and divergent posteriorly carinae, without delineated central area. Petiole of metasoma almost parallel-sided, 2.0 times longer than its medial width.......... Indaphidius Star�� 4. Ovipositor sheaths straight,distinctly acuminate apically,3.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna moniliform, 14���15-segmented. Propodeum without carinae. Petiole of metasoma short and wide, about as long as its width at level of spiracular tubercles................................ Aclitus Foerster - Ovipositor sheaths weakly upcurved, weakly tapered towards apex and obtuse apically, 2.0 times longer than its maximum width. Antenna filiform, 17-segmented. Propodeum basally with two divergent posteriorly carinae. Petiole of metasoma long and rather narrow, 3.5 times longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles.................................................... Archaphidus Star�� & Sсhlinger, Published as part of Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2021, A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber, pp. 537-543 in Palaeoentomology 4 (6) on pages 538-542, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5778548, {"references":["Mackauer, M. (1961) Neue europ aische Blattlaus-schlupfwespen (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Portici, 19, 270 - 290.","Quilis, P. M. (1940) Los Aphidiidae fosiles de Wittenheim (Haut- Rhin, Francia) (Hym. Brac.). Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 14, 23 - 61.","Mackauer, M. (1959) Trioxys similis n. sp. (Hym. Braconidae, Aphidiinae), eine neue Blattlaus-schlupfwespe aus Frankreich. Entomophaga, 4, 303 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02373366","Stary, P. (1973) A revision of the fossil Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Annotationes Zoologicae & Botanicae, 87, 1 - 22."]}

Platyspathius hospitus Belokobylskij et Ku, 2001 Belokobylskij and Ku, 2001: 38; van Achterberg, 2003: 285; Belokobylskij and Maeto, 2009: 403. Distribution. Korea (endemic)., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deok-Seo & Broad, Gavin R., 2021, The tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) of South Korea with description of a new Rhaconotus Ruthe species, pp. 404-413 in Zootaxa 5040 (3) on page 410, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5531462, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. & Ku, D. - S. (2001) A new species of the genus Platyspathius Viereck (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from Korea. Insecta Koreana, 18 (1), 37 - 40.","van Achterberg, C. (2003) The West Palaearctic species of the genera Gildoria Hedqvist and Platyspathius Viereck, with keys to the species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 77 (15), 267 - 290.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2009) Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Japan. Fauna mundi. Vol. 1. Warshawska Drukarnia Naukowa, Warszawa, 806 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 067.058.0107"]}

Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) oriens Belokobylskij et Chen, 2004 Belokobylskij and Chen, 2004: 344; Belokobylskij and Maeto, 2009: 433. Distribution. China, Korea, Japan., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deok-Seo & Broad, Gavin R., 2021, The tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) of South Korea with description of a new Rhaconotus Ruthe species, pp. 404-413 in Zootaxa 5040 (3) on page 410, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5531462, {"references":["Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2004) The species of the genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from China with a key to species. Annales Zoologici, 54 (2), 319 - 359.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2009) Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Japan. Fauna mundi. Vol. 1. Warshawska Drukarnia Naukowa, Warszawa, 806 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 067.058.0107"]}

Ipodoryctes (Ipodoryctes) formosanus (Watanabe, 1934) Ku et al., 2001: 94; Belokobylskij and Chen, 2004: 354; Belokobylskij and Maeto, 2009: 416. Distribution. China, Russia (south of Far East), Korea, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deok-Seo & Broad, Gavin R., 2021, The tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) of South Korea with description of a new Rhaconotus Ruthe species, pp. 404-413 in Zootaxa 5040 (3) on page 409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5531462, {"references":["Ku, D. S., Belokobylskij, S. A. & Cha, J. Y. (2001) Hymenoptera (Braconidae). Economic Insects of Korea 16. Insecta Koreana, Supplement 23, 1 - 283.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2004) The species of the genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from China with a key to species. Annales Zoologici, 54 (2), 319 - 359.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Maeto, K. (2009) Doryctinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Japan. Fauna mundi. Vol. 1. Warshawska Drukarnia Naukowa, Warszawa, 806 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 067.058.0107"]}

Genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 Type species. Rhaconotus aciculatus Ruthe, 1854., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deok-Seo & Broad, Gavin R., 2021, The tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) of South Korea with description of a new Rhaconotus Ruthe species, pp. 404-413 in Zootaxa 5040 (3) on page 405, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5531462

Ipodoryctes (Ipodoryctes) vagrans (Bridwell, 1920) Ku et al., 2001: 93; Belokobylskij and Chen, 2004: 356. Distribution. China, Russia (south of Far East), Korea, Vietnam, Hawaii., Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Ku, Deok-Seo & Broad, Gavin R., 2021, The tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) of South Korea with description of a new Rhaconotus Ruthe species, pp. 404-413 in Zootaxa 5040 (3) on page 409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5531462, {"references":["Ku, D. S., Belokobylskij, S. A. & Cha, J. Y. (2001) Hymenoptera (Braconidae). Economic Insects of Korea 16. Insecta Koreana, Supplement 23, 1 - 283.","Belokobylskij, S. A. & Chen, X. (2004) The species of the genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from China with a key to species. Annales Zoologici, 54 (2), 319 - 359."]}