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A novel efficient pH-sensitive targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent and innovative radiosensitizing system were synthesized based on MnO2 NPs coated with biocompatible poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate -Co- itaconic acid) and targeted with methotrexate. The established NPs were characterized and MRI signal enhancement, relaxivity, cell targeting, toxicity, and radiotherapy efficacy were evaluated. The developed system displayed pH-responsive MRI contrast enhancement, differential uptake in malignant and normal cells, negligible in vitro cytotoxicity, and suitable in vitro cell targeting ability. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy in hypoxic conditions confirmed the efficiency of the system in MR imaging and radiation therapy of hypoxia cells.

Background: Radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RHT) is one of the side effects that might have an impact on the quality of life of patients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the performances of the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and Log-Logistic models in the prediction of hypothyroidism (HT) as well as the estimation of the model parameters for the incidence of RHT among patients with breast cancer. Methods: Fifty-two patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer were prospectively evaluated. Patients' serum samples [tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine] were measured before RT and also at a regular time interval until 1 year after the completion of RT. For each patient, dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of the thyroid gland were derived from their treatment planning dataset. Patients whose TSH levels were higher than normal with a decrease in FT4 levels were considered as cases with RHT. The LKB and Log-Logistic radiobiological models were evaluated by comparing them with the resultant follow-up data. The parameters for radiobiological models have been deduced by fitting the models to the follow-up data. The models were fitted in a Bayesian setting and compared according to the widely applicable information criterion (WAIC). Results: Twenty-one (40%) patients developed RHT at a follow-up of 1 year after the end of radiation treatment. The fitted values of D50 for the LKB and Log-Logistic models were 37.71 and 25.50 Gy, respectively for the partially irradiated thyroid of patients with breast cancer. The mean time to the incidence of RHT was obtained at 6.7 months in the studied group. Conclusions: A volumetric effect was found for the thyroid gland in the implemented normal tissue complication probability models. Compared to the follow-up data, the Log-Logistic model was ranked as the best model for predicting the rate of RHT in patients with breast cancer.

Introduction: Recently it has been shown that radiation dose enhancement could be achievable in radiotherapy using nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, evaluation was made to determine efficiency of...

Recently it has been shown that radiation dose enhancement could be achievable in radiotherapy using nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, evaluation was made to determine efficiency of gold-silica shell-core NP in megavoltage irradiation of MCF7 breath cancer cells.Gold-silicon oxide shell-core NPs were obtained by conjugation of gold NP with amine or thiol functionalized silica NPs (AuN@SiOTEM images indicated that synthesized NPs had average diameter of 25 nm. Cellular uptake demonstrated that the internalization of AuS@SiOBased on the results of the study it can be concluded that the gold-silicon oxide shell-core NPs could play an effective role in radiotherapy of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Urticaria was a skin lesions of varying size that are characterized with erythematous plaque with regular or irregular margins in the red, sometimes with a red pressure go away. The aim of this study was evaluation the effects of Levothyroxine on patients with chronic pruritus and anti-TPO+. In a clinical trial study that performed in department of endocrinology and metabolism of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences on patients with chronic pruritus, the effects of Levothyroxine on patients with chronic pruritus and anti-TPO+ evaluated. Mean age of case groups patients was 32.30±9.99 year and mean age of control groups patients was 36.83±11.92 (P=0.085). Two patients of case group and 3 patients of control group were male and 34 patients of case group and 33 patients of control group were female(P=0.500). Before of study; in case group, 12 of patients had mild pruritus, 18 of them had moderate pruritus and 6 of them had severe pruritus. In control group, 6 of patients had mild pruritus, 22 of them had moderate pruritus, 7 of them had severe pruritus and one of them had very sever pruritus. Significant difference was not found between pre-study pruritus severity of patients and two groups was matched in pre-study pruritus severity (P=0.142). At the end of study; in case group, 20 of patients had mild pruritus, 6 of them had moderate pruritus and 10 of tham had no pruritus. In control group, 16 of patients had mild pruritus, 11 of them had moderate pruritus and 9 of them had no pruritus. Significant difference was not found between post-study pruritus severity of patients of two groups (P=0.327). Mean TSH level of case group patients was 5.86±7.23 and mean TSH level of control group patients was 4.23±2.41 (P=0.210). Mean anti-TPO level of case group patients was 816.67±681.79 and mean anti-TPO level of control group patients was 920.43±1953.32(P=0.764). In patients of case and control groups, pruritus severity was significantly decrease at post-study than pre-study and results indicate that, both treatment was effective in decrease of pruritus severity of patient, but, treatment with Levothyroxine was more effects due to routine treatment.