Search

Persistent severe smog and dust weather exists in many regions of China. Particles accumulate on the surface of high‐voltage transmission lines, which affects the surface morphology of the transmission line and induces corona discharge. This work mainly studies the influence of electric field and photocatalysis on the corona characteristics of transmission lines. In this work, plasma spraying is used to prepare a dense, smooth and excellent photocatalytic TiO2 coating on the surface of transmission wires. An electron microscope and a white light interference profilometer is used to study the surface condition of the samples. The variation in the surface condition of the samples is observed under different fouling, light time and electric field intensity. The corona characteristics of power transmission lines under different surface conditions are studied. The results show that light and applied electric field promote the photocatalytic effect of TiO2, which helps to decompose the contamination on the surface of power transmission wires and thus reduce the corona discharge of transmission lines. The increase in corona inception voltage reduces the corona current pulse repetition rate and the ion current density during corona discharge.

Residual stress engineering is very widely used in the design of new advanced lightweight materials. For metallic glasses the attention has been on structural changes and rejuvenation processes. High energy scanning X-ray diffraction strain mapping reveals large elastic fluctuations in metallic glasses after deformation under triaxial compression. Microindentation hardness mapping hints to a competing hardening-softening mechanism after compression and further reveals the complementary effects of stress and structure modulation. Transmission electron microscopy proves that structure modulation under room temperature deformation relates to the shear band formation that closely correlates to the distribution of elastic heterogeneities. Molecular dynamics simulations provide an atomistic understanding of the complex shear band activity in notched metallic glasses and the related fluctuations in the strain/stress heterogeneity. Thus, future focus should be given to stress engineering and elastic heterogeneity that together with structure modulation may allow to design metallic glasses with enhanced ductility and strain hardening ability.

Double Posterolateral Coaxial Portals has been designed by us for Endoscopic Management of Posterior Ankle Impingement. This study’s purpose was analyzed the safety and clinical efficacy of this new designed portals. Six fresh foot samples were randomly selected. The distances of two posterolateral portals to sural nerve in the neutral, dorsiflexion and plantar flexion positions were measured to evaluate the safety. The clinical efficacy of the operative approach for endoscopic management of posterior ankle impingement syndrome was prospectively analyzed, and its effectiveness and complications were evaluated. In 6 samples, the mean distances of the first and second portals to sural nerve were 2.26 ± 0.22 cm and 1.59 ± 0.12 cm in the neutral position,2.21 ± 0.21 cm and 1.55 ± 0.12 cm in the dorsiflexion 30°position, and 2.46 ± 0.29 cm and 1.73 ± 0.19 cm in the plantar flexion 30°position; thus, two portals had a big safety distance to sural nerve. Totally 38 patients received the endoscopic treatment of posterior ankle impingement syndrome with double posterolateral coaxial portals from January 2012 to December 2017. Such operative approach provided a full field of subtalar joint and posterior ankle during operation. The mean follow-up time was 28.2 (range, 24–72) months, the satisfaction rate was 94.7%; none of patients experienced complications; VAS score was decreased to 0.50 at the last visit from 5.82 before operation(P P

Habitat-specific characteristics can affect signal transmission such that different habitats dictate the optimal signal. One way to examine how the environment influences signals is by comparing changes in signal efficacy in different habitats. Examinations of signal efficacy between different habitats has helped to explain signal divergence/convergence between populations and species utilising acoustic and colour signals. Although previous research has provided evidence for local adaptations and signal divergence in many species of lizards, comparative studies in movement-based signals are rare due to technical difficulties in quantifying movements in nature and ethical restrictions in translocating animals between habitats. We demonstrate herein that these issues can be addressed using 3D animations, and compared the relative performance of the displays of four Australian lizard species in the habitats of each species under varying environmental conditions. Our simulations show that habitats differentially affect signal performance, and an interaction between display and habitat structure. Interestingly, the signal adapted to the noisier environment did not show an advantage in signal efficacy, but the noisy habitat was detrimental to the performance of all displays. Our study is one of the first studies for movement-based signals that directly compares signal performance in multiple habitats, and our approach has laid the foundation for future investigations in motion ecology that have been intractable to conventional research methods.

A constant temperature, constant pressure, molecular dynamics simulation technique, based on the embedded atom method, has been carried out in order to study the structural features of Al50Ni50 in the liquid, supercooled, and glass states during rapid solidification. The pair correlation function g(r) of Al50Ni50 and the thermodynamic process were studied to reveal the structural evolution. The glass transition temperature was determined and, in addition, the mean square displacement and snapshots of the particles during crystallisation have been described.

A molecular dynamics simulation of 500 particles has been carried out to study the microstructure in the supercooled liquid and glassy states of metallic Al3 Fe. Clusters exist in form of pairs and polyhedra. Using pair analysis, the relative number of bonded pairs and the bond orientation order parameters have been calculated. The pair correlation function from simulation is coincident with results from X-ray experiments.

Objective To investigate the effect of gastrodin in relaxing isolated thoracic aorta rings in rats and discuss its possible mechanism. Method Isotonic tension of isolated thoracic aortic rings in rats with norepineprine (NE) and KCl was recorded to observe the vasodilatory effect of gastrodin and the influence of various drugs on it. Result Gastrodin had the effect in relaxing thoracic aortas with or without endothelium, and there was no significant difference. NG-nitro-L-argininemethylester (L-NAME, 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)), methylene blue (MB, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)), indomethacin (INDO, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)) had no effect on the vasodilation action of gastrodin on thoracic aortas precontracted by NE. 4-aminopyrimide (4-AP, 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)), tetrathylamonium (TEA, 1 x 10(-3) mol x L(-1)), BaCl2 (1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)) and glibenclamide (Gli, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)) could inhibit gastrodin's effect in relaxing thoracic aorta rings. In the absence of Ca2+, pre-incubated gastrodin showed a notable inhibitory effect in relaxing NE contraction. Conclusion Gastrodin shows a dose-dependent and endothelium-independent effect in relaxing rat isolated thoracic aorta rings. The mechanism is related to K+ channel, inhibition of release of Ca+ stored in endoplasmic reticulum of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflow of external calcium Ca2+.