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A postmenopausal woman in her 60s was referred due to an elevated haemoglobin value found during her annual check-up. On physical examination, characteristic features of hyperandrogenism were observed which were not earlier mentioned. Laboratory investigations revealed polycythaemia accompanied by a normal erythropoietin and a negative analysis for JAK2-V617F mutation. A disproportionally and markedly elevated testosterone in combination with normal levels of adrenal androgens raised the suspicion of an ovarian source. CT scan showed nodular hyperdense lesions in both ovaries. A bilateral oophorectomy was performed and histological evaluation unfolded a Leydig cell ovarian tumour. Testosterone levels and haematological parameters normalised after surgery. Polycythaemia secondary to hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women is an extremely rare condition and patients should be carefully analysed for the presence of androgen-secreting neoplasms. Diagnosis of the underlying pathology requires careful history, physical examination and comprehensive investigation. Treatment for this condition is surgery and resolves polycythaemia.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the MRI and CT results to the differential diagnosis of histopathologically different odontogenic cysts. Background: Odontogenic cysts are commonly seen in the jaw bone and their surgical operations have an important place in the practice of maxillofacial surgery; treatment options for these cysts differ according to their histopathology. Differential results that can be obtained from the radiological evaluations of different cyst groups will allow the surgeon to plan a more accurate approach at the beginning of the operation. In this study, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of different cyst groups were interpreted together with their histopathological diagnosis. Method: CT and MRI results of 17 patients aged between 19-61 were evaluated, whose histopathological diagnosis consisted of 3 radicular cysts (RC), a total of 9 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) of which 4 were inflamed, and a total of 5 dentigerous cysts (DC) of which one of them was inflammatory. Result: In the CT scan, all cysts showed lytic, a sclerotic surrounding, and showed MRI peripheral enhancement, whereas solid nodular enhancement was only observed in OKCs. Edema and/or air in the surrounding bone medulla was observed in the infected lesions. OKC was heterogeneous, whereas RC and DC were more homogeneous. Diffusion restriction was observed to be frequent in OKCs. The OKCs were ellipsoidal in appearance and were located parallel to the long axis of the bone, and their dimensions were observed to be larger than the other cysts. OKCs may be accompanied by unerupted teeth. Radicular cysts were located perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and were globular in appearance, and their dimensions were smaller and more homogeneous compared to the OKCs. Dentigerous cysts are also accompanied by an unerupted tooth, and their peripheral enhancement is minimal and homogeneous. However, dentigerous cysts can be dense in content and smaller in size, and ellipsoidal localization is more common than OKCs. Conclusion: In addition to classic panoramic radiography in the evaluation and differential diagnosis of maxillary and mandibular lesions, CT and MRI evaluations can provide helpful information to the surgeon and pathologist in making the diagnosis and may further help plan the operation.

Background:Do not resuscitate (DNR) is a controversial ethico-legal issue and there is no legal regulation in Turkey. Evaluating the physicians' views on DNR is critical to the current problems and contributes to legal regulation.Objectives:To examine the views of intensive care unit residents on DNR and the sociocultural and occupational factors affecting them.Methods:The research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample of the study consists of 203 residents of internal medicine working in the intensive care unit in a university hospital. A questionnaire form was used as a data collection tool.Results:62.6% of the physicians know that there is no legal regulation regarding DNR in Turkey, and 14.3% think that DNR is performed. Female physicians approve of DNR at a higher rate than men (pConclusions:It is necessary to establish legal regulations on DNR and implement residency training programs that will ensure the continuous professional development of physicians.

Objective: In this study, the antioxidant properties of Arum maculatum plant were evaluated. This study reported for the first time the wound healing activity of the methanol extract of A. maculatum fruits. This study aimed to assess and determine the possible pharmacological activities of A. maculatum and evaluate its potential to act as a wound care plant. Methods: The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of A. maculatum were investigated using excisional in vivo and in vitro wound healing mouse models. A total of 32 Balb-c mice were used, which were equally, divided into four groups: saline control group, control group, A. maculatum group, and Centella asiatica extract group. Treatment applications were performed topically once per day. Wound area narrowing, wound healing percentage, and epithelialization time were analyzed. Results: A. maculatum application supported the healing process in in vivo and in vitro wound models. A. maculatum contributed to the healing process by promoting granulation tissue formation, epidermal regeneration, and angiogenesis. Conclusions: Wound healing is a complex and well-organized process that requires communication between cells. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of A. maculatum extract have been determined by current studies. A. maculatum extract may provide significant benefits in promoting the wound healing process. Amaç: Bu araştırmada antioksidan özelliklerini değerlendirmek için Arum maculatum bitkisi seçilmiştir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla A. maculatum meyvelerinin metanol özünün yara iyileştirici aktivitesi ilk kez bu çalışmada rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, A. maculatum’un olası farmakolojik aktivitelerini belirlemek, değerlendirmek ve bir yara tedavi edici bitki olarak etki gösterme potansiyelini değerlendirmek içindi. Yöntemler: A. maculatum’un antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri, farelerde eksizyonel in vivo ve in vitro yara iyileşme modelleri kulanılarak araştırılmıştır. Toplamda 32 Balb-c fare kullanılmış olup salin kontrol grubu, kontrol grubu, A. maculatum uygulanan grup ve Centella asiatica özütü uygulanan grup olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Tedavi uygulamaları günde bir kez topikal olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Skar alanı hacminde gerçekleşen değişim, yara iyileşme yüzdesi ve epitelizasyon süresi analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: A. maculatum uygulaması in vivo ve in vitro yara modelinde iyileşme sürecini desteklemiştir. A. maculatum, granülasyon dokusunu artırarak iyileşme sürecine katkıda bulunmuş, epidermal rejenerasyonu ve anjiyogenezi artırmıştır. Sonuçlar: Yara iyileşmesi, hücreler arası iletişimi gerektiren karmaşık ve iyi organize edilmiş bir süreçtir. Mevcut çalışmalar doğrultusunda antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi belirlenmiş olan A. maculatum özü, yara iyileşme sürecinin desteklenmesinde önemli bir fayda sağlayabilir.

Infertility is a problem that affects approximately 15% of couples today. Although assisted reproduction techniques are widely used today, only 40-50% of couples who apply can have children with their own genetic structure. Especially in people with premature ovarian failure, the rate of conception does not exceed 5-10% with the treatments applied today. For this reason, many studies are carried out to obtain oocyte from stem cells with their proliferation and differentiation feature. In addition, regenerative cellular therapies that can replace assisted reproductive techniques and correct impaired fertility are also being investigated in both animal and human studies. In recent years, research has been carried out on stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, which will eliminate immunological problems. In terms of safety and efficacy, clinical studies involving large populations are needed.

This study focused on the geothermal hot springs in the Bitlis, Van, and Bingöl provinces in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. These geothermal hot springs are Çukur, Nemrut, Ilıcakoy (Bitlis), Erciş, Çaldıran, Gürpınar (Van), Kös, Karlıova, and Hasköy (Bingöl) which are mostly dependent on regional tectonic regime. These hot waters contains sodium, calcium, bicarbonate, and chloride and their temperature ranges from 33 °C to 80°C, which are not suitable for electricity generation. Nevertheless these hot waters are sources of healing water used balneological purposes in Turkish baths and mainly for residences heating.

Planning, organizing, and managing water resources is crucial for urban areas and metropolitans. Istanbul is one of the largest megacities, with a population of over 15 million. The large volume of water demand and increasing scarcity of clean water resources make long-term planning necessary for this city, as sustained water supply requires large-scale investment projects. Successful investment plans require accurate projections and forecasting for freshwater demand. This study considers different machine learning methods for freshwater demand forecasting for Istanbul. Using monthly consumption data provided by the municipality since 2009, we compare forecasting accuracies of ARIMA, Holt-Winters, Artificial Neural Networks, Recursive Neural Networks, Long-Short Term Memory, and Simple Recurrent Neural Network models. We find that the monthly freshwater demand of Istanbul is best predicted by Multi-Layer Perceptron and Seasonal ARIMA. From the predictive modeling perspective, this result is another indication of the combined usage of conventional forecasting models and novel machine learning techniques to achieve the highest forecasting accuracy.

Industrial and agricultural processes have brought about the pollution of aquatic systems, and this situation in the water had adverse effects on human health. In order to reduce these negative effects, all mammalian and aquatic species have a defense system. One of these antioxidant systems is the glutathione S-transferase enzyme group, which has detoxification activity against ROS produced by organic pollutants and heavy metals. In this study, the effects of some pesticides and heavy metal ions on the GST enzyme activity purified kidney tissue of the Lake Van fish (C. Tarichii) was analyzed. Firstly, the purification process was carried out as homogenate preparation and glutathione-agarose affinity technique. SDS-PAGE was carried out to check the enzyme purity. The enzyme was obtained in 89% yield (335-fold) with 27.8-specific activity , and kinetic constants was determined for the enzyme; Km for GSH substrate: 0.429 mM Vmax for GSH substrate: 0.207 EU/mL-1; Km for CDNB substrate: 0.276 mM, Vmax for CDNB substrate: 0.161EU/mL-1. Effects of Met-Hg, Fe3+ Cr3+ , Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, atrazine, methomyl ,and dinicanozole were studied on the activity of the purified enzyme and the IC50 values were determined as 34.5 mM, 10 μM, 1.5 μM, 2.4 μM, 63 μM, 0.15 mM, 9.8 μM, 2.67 μM , and 1.3 μM, respectively.

Bu çalışmada, Saccharomyces cerevisiae L. kültür ortamında bazı fosfazenlerin biyokimyasal aktiviteleri belirlendi. Deneysel uygulamada farklı fosfazen molekülleri kullanıldı. Çalışma kapsamındaki deney grupları; kontrol grubu, H2O2 (Hidrojen peroksit) ve fosfazen molekülleri grupları şeklinde düzenlendi. Gruplar hazırlandıktan sonra, kontrol grubu dışında diğer kültürlere 30 µg fosfazen ve 100 µl H2O2 ilave edildi. 30 °C de 72 saat inkübasyona bırakıldı. İnkübasyon sonunda hücre peletleri ayrıldı. Elde edilen süpernatantdan Glutatyon S-Transferaz (GST) ile total protein düzeyleri belirlendi. Hekzan/izopropanol alkol karışımı ile elde edilen homojenattan da yağ asidi ve lipofilik moleküllerin analizi yapıldı. Deney sonuçlarına göre, fosfazen molekülü ve H2O2 ilave edilen maya hücrelerinde total protein değerleri ile GST değerlerinde paralel bir artış gözlenirken, bazı gruplarda protein miktarında artış saptandığı halde GST düzeyinde azalma olduğu belirlendi. S. cerevisiae’ nin membran yapısında önemli bir yer kaplayan ergosterolün, T3 ve T3B kodlu fosfazenler ile H2O2 gruplarında kontrol grubuna göre yüksek, T4 kodlu fosfazenler ile H2O2 gruplarında ise düşük olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak; S. cerevisiae kültür ortamına fosfazen ve H2O2 moleküllerin eklenmesinin, ergosterol ve yağ asidi sentezi ile yağ asitlerinin hidrokarbon zincirine çift bağ girişi yapan enzimlerin son ürünlerinde artışlara ya da azalışlara neden olduğu ortaya konulmuştur., In this study, biochemical activities of some phosphazenes were determined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae L. culture medium. Different phosphazene molecules were used in experimental practice. The experimental groups within the scope of the study were organized as control group, H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide) and groups of phosphazen molecules. After the groups were prepared, 30 µg of phosphazen and 100 µl of H2O2 were added to other cultures, except for the control group of S. cerevisiae culture. It was incubated for 72 hours at 30 °C. At the end of incubation, cell pellets were separated. Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) and Total protein levels were determined from supernatant. The fatty acid and lipophilic molecules were analyzed from the homogenate obtained with the hexane / isopropanol alcohol mixture. According to our experimental results, while total protein values and GST values increased in parallel with the phosphazen molecule and H2O2 added yeast cells, GST levels were decreased in some groups, although an increase in the amount of protein was observed. Ergosterol, which has an important place in the membrane structure of S. cerevisiae, was found to be higher in T3 and T3B coded phosphazenes and H2O2 groups compared to the control group, and low in T4 coded phosphazenes and H2O2 groups. Our study results revealed that as a result of the addition of phosphazen and H2O2 molecules to the culture medium of S. cerevisiae, ergosterol and fatty acid synthesis, fatty acids cause increases or decreases in the end products of enzymes that double-enter the hydrocarbon chain.

Objectives: The rates of vaccination with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, which can prevent many cancers, rank the last place when compared to other childhood vaccination rates. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge levels of mothers living in our region about HPV vaccine and their perspectives regarding having the vaccine. Methods: The study was conducted between 15 July and 15 August 2022 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University with the mothers of 377 girls. The SPSS 21 program was used and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between the desire of the mother to have her child vaccinated against HPV and the age of her child (p = 0.740), income level of the household (p = 0.590) and the working status of the mother (p = 0.419). There were statistically significant differences between the desire of the mother to have her daughter vaccinated with HPV, the place where the mother lived (p = 0.001), age of the mother (p = 0.037), family type (p = 0.001), number of people living at home (p = 0.027), education year of the mother (p = 0.004), father’s approval for vaccination (p = 0.001), and mother’s hearing about the Smear Test (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Even if the HPV vaccine is given free of charge, there is resistance in mothers to the vaccine. It is necessary to inform mothers about HPV vaccination for their daughters and to make the vaccination more widespread.

Carduus adpressus has been used for its anti-hair loss effect in traditional folk medicine. The plant species is mainly distributed in Türkiye, Bulgaria, and the Western Caucasus. The studies on this specific plant in the genus Carduus is limited which remarks the significance of the current study. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties of the methanolic extract of Carduus adpressus. Extract was obtained by maceration. The broth microdilution assay was performed on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays were performed to detect the antioxidant capacity. Wound-healing activity was tested using alloxan-induced diabetic BALB-c mice. 4 groups, control, vehicle, CAE and Carduus adpressus groups were treated with the relative agent for 10 days. Extract demonstrated 62.5 µg/mL MIC against S. aureus and E. faecalis, and 125 µg/mL MIC against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ABTS assay showed higher antioxidant activity compared to the DPPH assay. Carduus adpressus group demonstrated strong regeneration, epithelisation, and angiogenesis compared to the control group on day 10. Additionally, expression of PDGF, VEGF, and collagen formation was increased in the Carduus adpressus group compared to the control group on day 10. Extract demonstrated strong antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing activities which indicate that it could be a source in developing wound-healing agents.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the shoulder ultrasound (US) findings of the hemiplegic patients without shoulder pain and to evaluate the relationship between the sonographic findings and the motor stage, activities of daily living (ADL), and functional status. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 22 hemiplegic patients and 18 healthy controls. The demographic data of all participants, and, Brunnstrom recovery scale (BRS), functional ambulation scale (FAC) scores, Barthel index, and muscle tone, were analyzed. Shoulder cartilage, deep joint space of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ), and ultrasound shoulder pathology rating scale (USPRS) scores of healthy controls and hemiplegic patients were evaluated by the US. Results: The demographic data of the patient and healthy control groups were comparable. The total USPRS score and the scores of each component were significantly higher in the hemiplegic shoulder compared to healthy controls (p

Drug modulated-synthesis and post-synthesis were applied to incorporate fosfomycin to UiO-66. DFT calculations indicated strong interactions between fosfomycin and UiO-66.

Amaç: Çalışma, gastronomi kültürünün vazgeçilmez bir unsuru olan esnaf lokantalarında gerçekleşmesi olası kritik halk sağlığı ve gıda güvenliği risklerinin başında gelen kesme/doğrama tahtalarından kaynaklı mikrobiyal risklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında İstanbul’un ilçeleri Büyükçekmece, Çatalca ve Silivri’de faaliyet gösteren esnaf lokantalarının mutfaklarında kullanılan kesme/doğrama tahtaların yüzeylerinden steril swap ile mikrobiyolojik numuneler alınmıştır. Numuneler uygun sıcaklık ve sürede inkübasyona bırakılarak, toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ve küf-maya sayımı yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Kesme/doğrama tahtalarının yüzeylerinden alınan mikrobiyolojik numunelerde Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, toplam mezofil aerob bakteri sayısı ve küf - maya sayısının ortalamaları sırasıyla 0,74; 0,61; 1,53 ve 1,21 logkob/10 cm2 tespit edilmiştir. Numunelerde değişik sayılarda Staphylococcus aureus tespit edilmesi personel kaynaklı bir kontaminasyona ve yine değişik sayılarda Escherichia coli tespit edilmesi ise fekal kaynaklı bir kontaminasyona işaret etmektedir. Sonuç: Esnaf lokantalarının gıda güvenliği uygulamalarından biri olan iyi üretim uygulamalarına yeterince uyulmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Esnaf lokantalarında gıda güvenliğinin tamamen sağlanabilmesi için Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point - Tehlike Analizleri ve Kritik Kontrol Noktaları (HACCP) gibi gıda güvenliği kontrol sistemlerinin de etkin şekilde uygulanması gerektiğini ifade etmek mümkündür., Aim: The study aimed to determine the microbial risks originating from cutting/chopping boards, which is one of the critical public health and food safety risks that may occur in artisan restaurants, which is an essential element of gastronomic culture. Method: Within the scope of the study, microbiological samples were taken with the sterile swap from the surfaces of the cutting/chopping boards used in the kitchens of the artisan restaurants operating in the districts of Istanbul, Büyükçekmece, Çatalca, and Silivri. The samples were left to incubate at the appropriate temperature and time. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and moldyeast were counted. Results: In microbiological samples taken from the surfaces of cutting and chopping boards, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, total mesophyll aerobic bacteria count, and the average of moldyeast counts were determined as 0,74; 0,61; 1,53 and 1,21 logcfu/10 cm2 , respectively, in microbiological samples. The detection of Staphylococcus aureus in different numbers in the samples indicates contamination originating from personnel, and the detection of Escherichia coli in different numbers indicates contamination of fecal origin. Conclusion: Overall, it has been determined that good manufacturing practices, one of the food safety practices of artisan restaurants, are not adequately complied with. It is possible to state that food safety control systems such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) should be implemented effectively to ensure food safety in artisan restaurants.

Two-dimensional (2D) bimetallic NixMn1–x(OH)y layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanostructures were synthesized and optimized as a remarkably active catalytic platform for low-temperature aerobic C–H bond activation in alkylarenes and partial oxidation of alcohols using a wide substrate (i.e., reactant) and diverse solvent scope. The NixMn1–x(OH)y structure consists of nonprecious and earth-abundant metals that can effectively operate at low catalyst loadings, requiring only molecular oxygen as the stoichiometric oxidant. Structurally diverse alkylarenes as well as primary and secondary alcohols were shown to be competent substrates where oxidation products were obtained in excellent yields (93–99%). Comprehensive catalyst structural characterization via XRD, ATR-IR, TEM, EDX, XPS, BET, and TGA indicated that the ultimately optimized Ni0.6Mn0.4(OH)y-9S catalyst possessed not only particular rotational faults in its β-Ni0.6Mn0.4(OH)y domains but also distinct α/β-Ni0.6Mn0.4(OH)y interstratification disorders, in addition to a relatively high specific surface area of 125 m2/g, a 2D platelet morphology, and an average Mn oxidation state of +3.5, suggesting the presence of both Mn3+ and Mn4+ species in its structure working in a synergistic fashion with the Ni2+/x+ cations (the latter is justified by the lack of catalytic activity in the monometallic LDH catalysts Ni(OH)2 and Mn(OH)2). Kinetic isotope effect studies carried out in the fluorene oxidation reaction (kH/kD = 5.7) revealed that the rate-determining step of the catalytic oxidation reaction directly involved the scission of a C–H bond. Moreover, the optimized catalyst was demonstrated to be reusable through the application of a regeneration protocol, which can redeem the full initial activity of the carbon-poisoned spent catalyst in the fluorene oxidation reaction.

Bu araştırmada Asempapa (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Matematiksel Modelleme Tutum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmış olup, araştırmanın örneklemini ise uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 88 öğretmen ve 157 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Matematiksel Modelleme Tutum Ölçeği, Matematiksel Modelleme Özyeterlik Ölçeği ve İnovatif Okuryazarlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. MMTÖ’nin faktör yapısını belirleyebilmek amacıyla açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. MMTÖ’nin dört faktörlü ve 23 maddelik Türkçe uyarlamasının matematik dersine giren öğretmenlerin matematiksel modellemeye yönelik tutumlarını ölçmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma daha büyük bir veri seti ve farklı değişkenler kullanılarak yapılabilir.

Seed orchards with high hereditary qualities and the improvement studies used are of great importance. This study was carried out on individuals in a Boyabat grafted black pine seed orchard, Sinop. The morphological and micromorphological measurements of the characteristics were performed on needle samples taken from individuals, and the genetic diversity was determined on a clonal basis. According to the analysis of variance applied to the data obtained from the measurements and the morphological and micromorphological characters of the clones, it was determined that there was a significant difference among the clones at the P

The goal of this study was to determine whether colonies with clinical signs of foulbrood in apiaries and hive tools, smokers, gloves, feeders and beekeeper's veils used in the same colonies were a reservoir source for microbial infections. For this purpose, samples were taken from colonies with clinical signs of foulbrood and collected from 29 different apiaries in the Southern Marmara region of Türkiye. The samples were brought to the laboratory under appropriate conditions, and agent isolation and identification were performed. Different microorganisms were isolated from the feeder, hive tool, beekeeper smoker, gloves and beekeeper suit samples collected from each apiary. Bacteria isolated from the samples taken from the hives with clinical signs of foulbrood and from the samples taken from the tools and equipment were isolated as the same species or as a mixture. As a result, an intense presence of microorganisms was detected in the hive tool, beekeeper suit, gloves, feeder, and beekeeper’s smoker, used by beekeepers, and it was determined that these materials used in beekeeping were a source of microbial reservoirs. Çalışmada, arılıklarda yavru çürüklüğü klinik bulguları bulunan koloniler ile aynı kolonilerde kullanılan el demiri, körük, eldiven, şerbetlik ve arıcı kıyafetlerinin mikrobiyal infeksiyonlar yönünden bir rezervuar kaynağı olup olmadıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Güney Marmara bölgesinde bulunan 29 farklı arılıktan örnekler toplanmıştır. Alınan örnekler uygun koşullarda laboratuvara getirilerek izolasyon ve identifikasyon yapılmıştır. Her arılıktan toplanan yemlik, el demiri, körük, eldiven ve arıcı kıyafetlerinde farklı mikroorganizmalar izole edilmiştir. Yavru çürüklüğü klinik bulguları görülen kovanlardan alınan örnekler ile alet ve ekipmandan alınan örneklerden izole edilen bakteriler aynı tür ya da karışık olarak izole edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak arıcıların kullandıkları yemlik, el demiri, körük, eldiven ve arıcı maske ve tulumlarında zengin bir mikroorganizma varlığı saptanmış ve arıcılıkta kullanılan bu malzemelerin mikrobiyal bir rezervuar kaynağı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Objective: Inflamatory processes play an important role in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory complete blood count (CBC) parameters in substance use disorder (SUD). Methods: The study included 90 patients with SUD and 90 healthy controls (HC). The Student t-test was used to compare CBC parameters between the groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the data on the basis of substance types. Results: Leukocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte levels were higher in SUD group than HC. Leukocyte and neutrophil levels of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) were higher than HC. Platelet levels and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune inflammation index values were higher in patients with OUD than in patients with non-opioid substance use disorder (nOUD). Moreover, lymphocyte and monocyte levels were higher in patients with nOUD than in HC. Monocyte levels were increased in patients with cannabinoid use disorder compared to HC. Conclusion: The results suggested that inflammatory CBC parameters play an important role in the etiology of SUD according to type of substance. However, there is not enough data for supporting the clinical use of these parameters.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ihmal sendromunu günlük yaşamda değerlendirmek için kullanılan Catherine Bergego Skalasının (CBS) Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması yapılarak skalanın psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya sağ hemisfer lezyonuna bağlı 18 yaş ve üzeri 30 gönüllü hasta dahil edildi. Ulusal Sağlık İnme Ölçeği (NIHSS), Modifiye Rankin Skalası (MRS), Saat Çizim (SÇT), Çizgi Bölme (ÇBT), Yıldız Silme Testi (YST), CBS ve CBS’nin anosognozi anketi değerlendirme aracı olarak kullanıldı. Sonuçlar: Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde ölçek maddeleri için faktör yüklerinin 0,693-0,914 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. Güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda Cronbach Alpha Katsayısı 0,998 ve sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı 0,996 hesaplanarak ölçek, yüksek derecede güvenilir bulundu. Tartışma: Skalanın Türkçe versiyonu geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracıdır. İhmal sendromunu değerlendirmek için CBS'nin Türkçe versiyonu klinik ve bilimsel araştırmalarda kullanılabilir.

The aim of this study is to develop a descriptive framework for teacher educators to assist teachers to plan and realize modelling implementations in their classrooms and for researchers to describe and analyse how modelling is implemented. The planning process and implementations of 12 middle and high school mathematics teachers who conducted modelling implementations were analysed by the researchers to achieve this aim. The data used in the study were lesson plans regarding each modelling implementation, the transcripts of the voice recordings of pre-implementation interviews with the teachers, transcriptions of the video recording of each implementation, and the observation notes of the researchers. The data were analysed within the framework of the grounded theory approach. All modelling implementations consisted of three main sections: planning, implementation, and assessment. The planning section includes identifying the goals, deciding the modelling task and making preparations. The implementation section consists of conducting warm up activities, sharing norms, sharing assessment criteria, presenting the modelling task and tracking students’ work. The assessment section involves presenting solutions, discussing solutions and necessary revisions, assessing competencies, and sharing assessment results and arriving at decisions.

The purpose of this research is to examine the perceptions of gifted and typically developing students regarding the COVID-19 epidemic through metaphors. In the study, in which phenomenology, one of the qualitative research methods, was used, the data were obtained by demographic information form and semi-structured interview form. A total of 130 students, 69 of whom are typically developing and 61 gifted, who are 5-8th grade students between the ages of 10-14, were studied in the city center of Amasya. The students' “COVID-19 epidemic is like …….. Because ………………..” when their answers to open-ended sentence completion are examined; the first three metaphors most frequently used by gifted students regarding COVID-19 are in the category of limiting and/or changing habits (f=18), fatal (f=15), and contagious and/or chronic (f=11). When we look at the metaphors of the students with typical development regarding COVID-19, the first three categories are limiting and/or changing habits (f=17), fatal (f=13), and preventable and/or temporary (f=12) categories. As a result of the research, it was found that both groups used metaphors that they were generally negatively affected by the epidemic process, and discussions and suggestions were made through literature studies.

Amaç: Çalışmamızda Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin sigara kullanım alışkanlıklarının sosyodemografik özellikler kapsamında ortaya koyulması, nikotin bağımlılık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, sigara kullanımı konusunda bakış açıları ve bilinç düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi ve öğrencilerin okulda dumansız hava sahası olmasına ilişkin görüşlerinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmamız yüksekokulumuzda 2021-2022 eğitim döneminde eğitim ve öğretim gören 389 öğrenciyi kapsayan tanımlayıcı kesitsel araştırmadır. Öğrenciler gönüllülük esasına dayanarak Google Forms üzerinden “Kişisel bilgi formu”, “Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi”, “Sigara Bağımlılığına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Okullarda Dumansız Hava Sahası Ölçeği” anketlerini doldurmuştur. Veriler SPSS 24 paket programı ile değerlendirilerek, p< 0,05 kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %74‘ü kız, %26‘sı erkek olup yaş ortalaması 20,25±1,58 ‘dir. Sigara içen öğrenci popülasyonu %48,9 olup, nikotin bağımlılığı çok hafif düzeyde bulunmuştur (2,78±2,68). Erkek öğrencilerin sigara içme alışkanlığı oranı ve nikotin bağımlılığı (3,25±2,57) kız öğrencilerden (2,53±2,72) daha fazladır (p

Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi (DDT), Linehan tarafından sınırda kişilik bozukluğu danışanlar için geliştirilmiştir. Temelinde davranışçı yaklaşım, Zen Budizmi ve diyalektik felsefe bulunmaktadır. Bireysel seans, grup beceri eğitimi, telefonla danışmanlık ve konsültasyon ekibi olmak üzere dört bileşen vardır. DDT grup beceri eğitimi de bilinçli farkındalık, kişilerarası etkililik, sıkıntıya dayanma ve duygu düzenleme becerileri olmak üzere toplamda dört modülden oluşmaktadır. DDT’nin ve DDT grup beceri eğitiminin etkililiğine dair birçok çalışma yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmada ise haftalık DDT grup beceri eğitiminin üniversite öğrencilerinde pandemi dönemindeki depresyon, kaygı ve stres düzeylerindeki etkililiği incelenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcılarda duygu düzenleme, bilinçli farkındalık, kişilerarası etkililik becerilerindeki gelişmeler de gözlenmiştir. Çalışmaya 18-24 yaş arasında lisans öğrencisi olan toplamda 17 kadın katılmıştır. Katılımcılara çevrimiçi öz değerlendirme formu gönderilmiş ve telefon görüşmesi ile başvuruda bulunanlara geri bildirim yapılmıştır. Seçilen katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Beş Faktörlü Bilgece Farkındalık Ölçeği-Kısa Form, Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği-Kısa Form, Kişilerarası Yetkinlik Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, Depresyon Kaygı Stres Ölçeği, grup beceri eğitimine katılmadan önce, 4. oturumdan sonra ve 8. haftanın sonunda çevrimiçi olarak gönderilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, DDT grup beceri eğitiminin depresyon, kaygı ve stres düzeylerinin azalmasında yardımcı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, duygu düzenleme ve kişilerarası etkililik becerilerinde de artış gözlenmiştir.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency of abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and interrogate the relationship between abdominal CT findings and patient demographic features, clinical findings, and laboratory test results as well as the CT atherosclerosis score in the abdominal aorta. METHODS: This study was designed as a multicenter retrospective study. The abdominal CT findings of 1.181 patients with positive abdominal symptoms from 26 tertiary medical centers with a positive polymerase chain-reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were reviewed. The frequency of ischemic and non-ischemic CT findings as well as the association between CT findings, clinical features, and abdominal aortic calcific atherosclerosis score (AA-CAS) were recorded. RESULTS: Ischemic and non-ischemic abdominal CT findings were detected in 240 (20.3%) and 328 (27.7%) patients, respectively. In 147 patients (12.4%), intra-abdominal malignancy was present. The most frequent ischemic abdominal CT findings were bowel wall thickening (n = 120; 10.2%) and perivascular infiltration (n = 40; 3.4%). As for non-ischemic findings, colitis (n = 91; 7.7%) and small bowel inflammation (n = 73; 6.2%) constituted the most frequent disease processes. The duration of hospital stay was found to be higher in patients with abdominal CT findings than in patients without any positive findings (13.8 ± 13 vs. 10.4 ± 12.8 days, P < 0.001). The frequency of abdominal CT findings was significantly higher in patients who did not survive the infection than in patients who were discharged after recovery (41.7% vs. 27.4%, P < 0.001). Increased AA-CAS was found to be associated with a higher risk of ischemic conditions in abdominal CT examinations. CONCLUSION: Abdominal symptoms in patients with COVID-19 are usually associated with positive CT findings. The presence of ischemic findings on CT correlates with poor COVID-19 outcomes. A high AA-CAS is associated with abdominal ischemic findings in patients with COVID-19.

International audience; The use of remote sensing data methods is affordable for the mapping of soil properties of the plowed layer over croplands. Carried out in the framework of the ongoing STEROPES project of the European Joint H2020 Program SOIL, this work is focused on the feasibility of Sentinel-2 based approaches for the high resolution mapping of topsoil clay and organic carbon (SOC) contents at the within-farm or within-field scales, for cropland sites of contrasted climates and soil types across the Northern hemisphere. Four pixelwise temporal mosaicking methods, using a two years-Sentinel-2 time series and several spectral indices (NDVI, NBR2, BSI, S2WI), were developed and compared for i) pure bare soil condition (maxBSI), ii) driest soil condition (minS2WI), iii) average bare soil condition (Median) and iv) dry soil conditions excluding extreme reflectance values (R90). Three spectral modeling approaches, using the Sentinel-2 bands of the output temporal mosaics as covariates, were tested and compared: (i) Quantile Regression Forest (QRF) algorithm; (ii) QRF adding longitude and latitude as covariates (QRFxy); (iii) a hybrid approach, Linear Mixed Effect Model (LMEM), that includes spatial autocorrelation of the soil properties. We tested pairs of mosaic and spectral approaches on ten sites in Türkiye, Italy, Lithuania, and USA where soil samples were collected and SOC and clay content were measured in the lab. The average RPIQ of the best performances among the test sites was 2.50 both for SOC (RMSE = 0.15%) and clay (RMSE = 3.3%). Both accuracy level and uncertainty were mainly influenced by site characteristics of cloud frequency, soil types and management. Generally, the models including a spatial component (QRFxy and LMEM) were the best performing, while the best spatial mosaicking approaches mostly were Median and R90. The most frequent optimal combination of mosaicking and model type was Median or R90 and QRFxy for SOC, and R90 and LMEM for clay estimation.

Amaç: Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan COVID-19 pandemisi, dünyada 670 milyondan fazla insanı etkilemiştir. Her yaş grubunda görülen hastalığın mortalite ve morbiditesi özellikle yaşlı nüfus, kronik hastalığı olanlar ve gebelerde daha fazla gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, pandemi sürecinde hastanemizde takip edilen ve doğum yapan, gebeliğinde COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş gebelerin maternal ve neonatal sonuçlarını-morbiditelerini incelemek ve COVID-19 geçirmemiş gebelerin sonuçları ile karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemizde Nisan 2020-Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında izlenen ve çalışma şartlarını sağlayan gebelerin ve bebeklerin maternal-neonatal verileri dosya kayıtlarından alınarak, gebelikte COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçiren ve geçirmeyen gebeler ve bebeklerinden oluşan ikili gruplar karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 2164 anne ve bebek çifti dahil edildi. Gebeliğinde COVID-19 geçirmiş (n=66) ve geçirmemiş olan anneler (n=2098) ve bebekleri arasında anne yaşı, doğum şekli, doğum ağırlığı, doğum haftası, cinsiyet, APGAR skorları, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatma süreleri bakımından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarımız henüz etiyopatogenezi yeterince aydınlatılamamış olan COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun, maternal-neonatal risk ve hastalıkların üzerine etkisinin halen tam olarak bilinmediği görüşünü desteklemektedir.

The aim of this study is to examine the fluctuation in atmospheric pressure caused by the volcanic eruption of Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha’apai volcano on January 15, 2022, at 04:14 UTC. In the study, it was predicted that the wave created by the explosion would move at a constant speed of sound and it was calculated that it would arrive in Türkiye in 13 hours and 22 minutes. According to this situation, it was calculated that the first lamb wave could come to Türkiye as of 15 January 2022 17:36 UTC. In the second stage, 1 minute pressure data of 12 Meteorological Station (Automated Weather Observation System, AWOS) in Türkiye was analyzed. In the analyzes and evaluations made, a sharp upward movement was observed in the pressure measured at 18:38 on January 15, 2022, at the Van Meteorology Station, which is the easternmost station. It was calculated that the lamb wave arrived at this station at an average speed of 303.2 m/s in 15.1 hours.

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of lockdown due to COVID-19 on the metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study (Ecological trend study) was conducted based on the medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes between September 20, 2019 and September 20, 2020. The metabolic control changes were evaluated as differences of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine (Cr), fasting triglyceride (FTG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) values during pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. The stratified analysis based on age (due to partial closure measures applied over the age of 65) and gender was also performed. Results: There are statistically significant increases between FPG levels and FTG levels in the “during lockdown” group compared to the “pre-lockdown” group (p=0.036 and p=0.013 respectively) while the differences between HbA1c, LDL, cholesterol and creatinine levels are not significant. In subgroup analysis, increases in FPG and FTG levels remained in both

Türk vergi sistemi niteliği itibariyle kapsamlı ve modern bir yapıda olup mükellef haklarını ve kamu yararını eşit ölçüde gözetmektedir. Kamu gelirleri arasında önemli bir yeri olan vergilerin adaletli bir şekilde tahsili ve yeniden dağıtımı ancak kararlı ve rasyonel politikalar içeren etkin bir vergi yönetimi ile gerçekleştirebilir. Vergi yönetiminin etkinliği ise vergi aflarından kaçınılması, vergiye gönüllü uyumun artırılması, vergi mevzuatının sadeleştirilmesi ve vergi idaresinin yeniliklere açık olması gibi çok sayıda unsurda değişiklik yapılarak sağlanabilir. Böylelikle vergi toplama konusunda sorun yaşamayan vergi idaresinin iklim krizi ve çevresel bozulma gibi önemli sorunlarla mücadele etmek için mali politikalar geliştirmesi beklenebilir. Nitekim vergilerin ekolojik sorunlarla mücadelede etkili bir araç olarak kullanıldığı ve literatürde çevresel tahribatla mücadele amacı taşıyan ve kamu gelirinden mahrum bırakmayan ekolojik vergi uygulamalarına sıkça rastlandığı bilinmektedir. Ancak gelişmiş ülkelerde çevresel amaçlarla uygulanan vergiler Türkiye’de daha çok finansman kaynağı olarak görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda çalışmamızda, küresel iklim krizinin Türkiye’de yarattığı sorunların ekolojik vergi uygulamaları ile azaltılabilmesi için etkin bir vergi yönetiminin gerekliliği incelenecektir.

Objective: To investigate the effect of effervescent vitamins C on the color change and surface roughness of resin composites. Methods: 30 specimens (8 mm*2 mm) were prepared for each restorative material (G-ænial Posterior, Solidex). The specimens were polymerized with LED device for 20 seconds and were incubated in distilled water for 24 hours for post-polymerization. Initial color values were measured using a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany), and initial surface roughness was measured with roughness tester (Mitutoyo SJ-410 Surftest Analyzer). The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their immersion solution (Redoxon, Ocean efervit, and distilled water). During the 28-day test period, the specimens were immersed in the solutions 2 times a day. Color changes and surface roughness measurement procedures were repeated. Data were subjected to One-way ANOVA, Tukey test, and t-test (p=0.05). Results: When the color change (ΔE00) results are examined statistically; the highest ∆E values were observed in the Redoxon group, regardless of the restorative material. G-ænial Posterior specimens from both study groups and Solidex specimens incubated in Redoxon showed clinically unacceptable discoloration. When the average roughness values (Ra) are analyzed statistically, roughness values above the threshold surface roughness (Ra=0.2 µm) was detected in all groups. However, no statistically significant difference between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Despite the fact that effervescent C vitamins significantly increased the discoloration of the tested composite resins, not cause a statistically significant difference in surface roughness.

İnsanı diğer canlılardan ayıran düşünme yetisi beraberinde birçok duygunun oluşmasını sağlar. Herhangi bir durumun anlamlandırılması amacına hizmet eden bir duygu da hiç şüphesiz sorgulama güdüsüyle oluşum gösterir. İnsanlık tarihinde pek çok gelişimin temelinde yer alarak anlama çabasına hizmet eden bu güdünün temelinde yatan keşfetme duygusu yani merak duygusu, hatta öyle ki bilimlerin varlığını da oluşturan en önemli olgulardan biri olarak cevaplama olgusunun değil soru sorma olgusunun önemini artırmıştır. Hayvanlarda da görülen merak etme duygusu içgüdüsel olması yönüyle insanlarda bulunandan farklılık gösterir. Merak duygusunun bilinçli olarak eyleme dönüştüğü sorarak öğrenme, pek çok alanda mühim bir öneme sahip olmuştur. Bu alanların başında gelen bir alan da hiç şüphesiz dil bilgisi olmuştur. Sorgulamanın, vurgu yoluyla da sağlandığı bir yapıyı bir kenara koyduğumuzda görmekteyiz ki sorgulama unsuru, kelime ve ek ile sağlanmaktadır. Çalışmaların, çoğunlukla münferit bir anlam unsurunu barındıran kelime yoluyla gerçekleştirilip bir görev unsuru olan ek merkezli ele alınmaya dair mevcut çalışmaların azlığı çalışma konusunu etkilemiştir. Soru eki, Türk dilinin ekleşme dizisinde yer alarak ekleşme kültürü içerisinde ayrı bir kimlik kazanmıştır. Soru ekinin geleneksel dilcilik faaliyetlerinde farklı bir kategoride ele alınmış olması, işlevleri üzerine bulunan çalışmaların azlığı, imla hususu ve benzeri sebepler çalışmanın ortaya çıkmasında etken olmuştur. Çalışmamızın odak noktası, soru ekinin kategorik açıdan durumu ve işlevleri açısından tespit edilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Soru ekinin kategorik açıdan durumu, alanda temel başvuru kaynağı olan mevcut çalışmalar incelenerek ele alınmış ve nihayetinde de Türk dilinin ek sınıflandırılmasındaki yeri tespit edilerek ele alınmıştır. İşlevleri tespit edilen soru eki, Eski Türkçe döneminde yer alan çeşitli eserler kaynak alınarak işlev odaklı bakış açısıyla temel işlev ve alt işlev ilişkisi göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Ekin şekline dair kısımda soru ekinin +mU morfemi dışında da görev kategorisinde “+Ø” damga morfem ile sağlandığı görülür. Soru ekinin işlevi, çalışmanın anlaşılırlığı amacıyla ilgili her bir şivede ayrı ayrı ele alınarak mukayese edilmiş ve tablolar ile somutlaştırılmıştır. Sonuç itibariyle hem dönemler hem de tek tek eserler bazında bakıldığında soru ekinin alt işlevleri ile kullanım sıklıkları ortaya konularak insanın en temel ihtiyaçlarından biri olan “merak” duygusunu gidermek için başvurduğu soru sorma kabiliyetinin o dönem Türkçesindeki yeri gözler önüne serilmeye çalışılacaktır.