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Laboratory testing for drugs of abuse has become standard practice in many settings both forensic and clinical. Sending the specimen to any laboratory is waste of time and sometimes the rapid urine testing is a target. A limitation inherent in all urine drug testing is the possibility of sample adulteration or substitution. The aim of the current study is to prove the validity by deeply investigated procedures for urine collection vessels with impeded urine adulteration/substance of abuse (SOA) Test Strips (two types of investigated kits) and evaluation of their total turnaround time and efficacy for cannabinoids, opiates, benzodiazepines, tramadol and amphetamines in-comparison with immunoassay screening and GC-MS confirmatory procedures. Both Investigated Kits have the capability of detecting variable procedures of adulteration by a high efficiency degree. Therefore, SOA tests with rapid releasing results can improve patient management protocol with few percentage of pseudo-positivity/negativity results, unfortunately the operators immediate start the clinical action and realize the limitations of the test and wait for follow-up confirmation testing as appropriate before definitive medico-legal action.

Isolation and selection of potent degradative microorganisms against naturally persistent compounds considered as a powerful means for environmental detoxification. In the present study, the natural biotic capacity of water to degrade a mixture of four chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT (1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane); DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane); Lindane (1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH); Endrin (1,2,3,4,10,10,hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1, 4,4a,5,6,7,8a-octahydro-1,4-endo-5,8-dimethanophethalene) at two elevated levels (0.05 and 50 ppm) was investigated. Five bacterial species (Pseudmonas cepacia, Enterobacter agglomerans, Arthrobacter sp., Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) isolated and identified from a heavily polluted lake (L. Mariut) were investigated as biodegraders during the present work. Also, the ability of these pesticides to challenge the growth of the selected species has been examined. The tested bacterial species found to efficiently promote the degradation of the tested compounds. Degradation of DDT, DDE, Lindaine and Endrin were mediated by all the species. At the low concentration (0.05 ppm), the pesticide mixture was diminished by P. cepacia after 24 h exposure. On the other hand, Arthrobacter sp., E. coli, S. aureus and E. agglomerans were able to degrade the pesticide mixture totally after 48, 72, 72 and 96 h, respectively. At the high concentration (50.0 ppm), the tested bacteria were able to degrade >87.0% of the pesticide mixture. The inhibitory effect (p