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Background and Aim: Palmar arterial supply is mainly provided by the superficial palmar arch (SPA). Ulnar artery primarily completes the arterial arcade of the superficial palmar arch. Radial artery grafts and reconstructive hand surgery benefit from understanding the variations in SPA formation. The present study is aimed to analyze the vascular pattern of the superficial palmar arch. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Bacha Khan Medical Complex Mardan and Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan from October 2019 to September 2022 on 60 specimens, 46 male and 14 females. Due to inconvenient sampling, all cadaveric hands studied during the three years in the dissection room of the anatomy department were not calculated. An incision was made along the root of the fingers and another at the wrist joint. The 3rd metacarpo-phalangeal joint was incised vertically from the middle of the wrist. Reflection of the skin and aponeurosis of the palm was done. An area of adipose tissue around the superficial palmar arch was removed to observe the arches and their branches. Variations were noted in the superficial palmar arches.

Introduction: Pathological complete response (pCR) is the most important prognostic factor in determining survival in post-neoadjuvant breast cancer. In this study, we evaluated the pathologic predictors that are associated with pCR in post-neoadjuvant breast cancer. Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Pakistan, from January 2019 to December 2020 over a period of two years. All patients with primary breast cancer that received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy at Liaquat National Hospital were included in the study. Pathological parameters from pre-chemotherapy specimens like tumor type, grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) and proliferative index Ki67 status were recorded. Pathological response to chemotherapy from post-chemotherapy specimens was recorded as complete or partial responses to chemotherapy. Results: A total of 287 patients were included in the study, among whom pCR was noted in 65 (22.6%) cases. A significant association of pCR was noted with Ki67 proliferative index, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) statuses, whereas no significant association was noted with tumor size, histological type, grade, or nodal metastasis. Conclusion: The pCR was significantly seen more in cases with higher Ki67 index, hormone receptor negativity and HER2/neu positivity. These pathological predictors can help develop post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols and guide patients regarding their likely chemotherapy response and prognosis.

Photocatalytic CO

Background: The trigger points are hyperirritable spots found usually in the muscle fascia or within the taut bands of skeletal muscles that is painful on compression. Ischemic compression technique uses the application of sustained pressure with sufficient force and for long enough so as to slow down the flow of blood and releasing tension out of the muscle. Strain counterstrain (SCS), also known as positional release, is a passive positional treatment that relieves musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction by indirect hand manipulation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ischemic compression technique and strain counterstrain technique on pain, neck lateral flexion and disability in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. Methodology: The RCT was conducted on 36 male and female participants aging 25-45 having maximum of 5 trigger points in the upper trapezius bilaterally. The patients were divided equally to ischemic compression and strain counterstrain group by lottery method. The treatment was given for 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The NPRS, NDI and cervical lateral flexion were used as outcome measure. The assessment of the outcome measures was done on baseline, after 2nd week and after 4th week. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 26 using appropriate tests depending upon the normality by keeping the level of significance at 0.05. Results: Out of 36 participants (Mean age 32.96 ± 5.91), 20 were male and 16 were female, 3 participants lost to follow up. The within group analysis of NPRS and NDI done by Friedman test and that of cervical flexion done by repeated measures ANOVA showed that the both the interventions has produced significant (p0.05) as compared to the other in subjects with upper trapezius trigger points. Conclusion: A 4-week intervention of the ischemic compression and strain counterstrain produced significant results in reducing the intensity of pain, the cervical disability and improving the cervical range of motion, but the intergroup comparison showed that both the ischemic compression and strain counterstrain were equally effective and none of them produced significant results as compared to others on patients with upper trapezius trigger points. Keywords: Ischemic Compression Technique; Strain Counterstrain; Upper Trapezius Trigger Points.

Developing a smart responsive surface for on-demand delivery of organic, inorganic, and biological cargo in vitro cellular uptake is always in constant demand. Herein, we present carbon quantum dot (CQD)-loaded (poly(

Rumex dentatus L. (Polygonaceae), also known as toothed dock or Aegean dock, is a medicinal plant with a high culinary value in addition to being used as an ethnomedicinal plant. This review focuses on the botanical, nutritional, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities of R. dentatus, as well as the future prospects for systematic investigations into these areas. R. dentatus has been subjected to scientific evaluation, which has confirmed its traditional uses and demonstrated a wide range of biological and pharmacological potentials, including antioxidant, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and other biological properties. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of anthraquinones, chromones, flavonoids, and essential oils. As a result of this current review, the medicinal significance of R. dentatus has been confirmed, and future research on its unexplored aspects, such as the identification of pharmacologically active chemical constituents and related mechanisms and safety, may be stimulated, with the goal of developing it into a drug.

The diagnosis of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has gained the spotlight of the world's scientific community since December 2019 and it remains an important issue due to the emergence of novel variants around the globe. Early diagnosis of coronavirus is captious to prevent and hard to control. This pandemic can be eradicated by implementing suppressing strategies which can lead to better outcomes and more lives being saved. Therefore, the analysis showed that COVID-19 can only be managed by adopting public health measures, such as testing, isolation and social distancing. Much work has been done to diagnose coronavirus. Various testing technologies have been developed, opted and modified for rapid and accurate detection. The advanced molecular diagnosis relies on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 as it has been considered the main causative agent of this pandemic. Studies have shown that several molecular tests are considered essential for the confirmation of coronavirus infection. Various serology-based tests are also used in the detection and diagnosis of coronavirus including point-of-care assays and high-throughput enzyme immunoassays that aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19. Both these assays are time-consuming and have less diagnostic accuracy. Nanotechnology has the potential to develop new strategies to combat COVID-19 by developing diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we have focused on the nanotechnology-based detection techniques including nanoparticles and biosensors to obstruct the spread of SARS-CoV-2.

PurposeThis study aims to use hexanediol, pentaerythritol and keratin as crosslinking agents on the acrylic fabric used as garments.Design/methodology/approachPlain 1/1 acrylic fabric was produced with 14 and 11 weft yarn/cm using yarn count 28/2 Ne, then it was modified with different agents, and the effect of crosslinking on some of the inherent properties was determined. The color strength as well as washing fastness was evaluated. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined the changes that acted in the structure of the treated acrylic fabrics. Several physical and functional utility characteristics were studied such as stiffness, crease recovery, tensile strength and elongation, pilling, air permeability, absorbency and static electricity.FindingsPolyacrylonitrile is one of the man-made materials used in the textile field; despite novel characteristics, it has some negative properties, especially in absorbency and pilling, which are improved after treatment.Originality/valueThe results presented that the different conditions that were used with cross-linkers enhanced the acrylic fabrics properties. Where analysis of variance test atP-value 0.05 and radar chart area offered that the treated acrylic fabric with 5% (w/v) keratin accomplished the highest preferable properties for end use.

Research aims: This study aims to discuss the impact of socialization about organizational goals and career development on intention to change jobs with coaching and career development as a moderating role.Design/Methodology/Approach: This research data were obtained from public companies involved in providing products and services to their customers. There were 400 respondents selected to be given a questionnaire that included closed questions, and 378 questionnaires were selected for further analysis. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Both differentiation and regression studies were employed in evaluating the relationship between the independent and dependent variables by SPSS software.Research findings: The results of this study revealed that there was a positive relationship between organizational socialization and career development. Besides, it was also found that there was a negative relationship between the purpose of structural socialization and the intention of changing jobs. Theoretical contribution/Originality: The moderating role of coaching and employee progress strengthens the relationship between organizational socialization and career development. This study uncovered that the organizational socialization component was closely related and consistently increased employee loyalty.Practitioner/Policy implication: The results of this study are good news for managers because the board of directors has a very significant role in socializing the organization.Research limitation/Implication: The scope of this research itself is relative and insignificant due to the limited number of samples. Thus, expanding the sample size and adding a wider area will be able to strengthen the results of this study. New research should be designed to investigate various career development programs that can increase employee loyalty so that it is not easy to change jobs. Organizational managers are also encouraged to innovate in creating and supporting employee career development, especially for novice employees, by providing various experiences to facilitate their career development.

In the present study, 30 potential germplasm of oat (Avena sativa L.) were subjected to proximate, elemental, and HPLC analysis to provide a scientific basis to genetic diversity present among them. The extracts of the selected germplasms were also evaluated for their antioxidant potentials through DPPH and ABTS assays. Proximate analysis showed protein contents to be in the range 8.35 to 17.72% with the highest protein contents in the accession line 22365 (17.72±0.38%). The genotype-725 showed the highest carbohydrate, and dry matter (53.35±0.01 and 93.50±0.07% respectively) contents whereas, the germplasm-830 contained the highest fat (7.88±0.12%) contents while the highest moisture contents were there in germplasm-22348 (11.95±0.06%). The crude fiber contents (19.67±0.19%) were found high in germplasm-832. The mentioned contents were also correlated to each other where a negative (-0.431*) correlation was noted for crude protein and carbohydrate while ash content to crude protein has a positive (0.38*) correlation. A positive and a negative correlation were there in Crude fats/crude protein (0.30*) and crude fats/moisture contents (-0.39*) respectively. Principal component analysis showed an Eigenvalue of 0.76 with a total variation of 85.01% when applied to proximate components. Based on cluster analysis to proximate composition all the oat germplasms were divided into 5 sub-clusters, where accession numbers 769 and 817 were found to be the most diverse genotypes. The elemental analysis confirmed the presence of magnesium (2.89-7.62 mg/L), sodium (3.71-8.03 mg/L), manganese (0.93-3.71 mg/L), copper (0.35-3.36 mg/L), iron (2.15-6.82 mg/L), zinc (1.30-3.37 mg/L), chromium (0.37-3.34 mg/L), and potassium (50.70-59.60 mg/L) in the selected germplasms. Principal component analysis for elemental composition showed the total variation of 73.75% with the Eigenvalue of 0.97. Cluster analysis on an elemental basis divided all the oat germplasms into 7 sub-clusters where accession numbers 769 and 22350 were found to be the most diverse germplasm. Phytochemical analysis performed through HPLC resulted in the identification of nine possible compounds (malic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, morin, ellagic acid, catechin hydrate, rutin, pyrogallol, and mandelic acid) in various germplasm of oat. A concentration-dependent antioxidant response was recorded when extracts were tested as an inhibitor of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The results revealed that oat grains are a good source of nutrients, minerals, and phytochemicals that can be used as nutraceuticals and as food. The genetic differences revealed that this plant can be grown under varied environmental conditions.

Objective: To report the early experience, the relationship of surgical site infection after pelvi-acetabular fracture fixation with certain possible risk factors, and organizational protocol for emergency pelvic surgery currently being used during the COVID-19 pandemic by an integrated team of orthopedic surgeons. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of Orthopedic and Spine Surgery, “Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Period: March 2020, to August 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 25 patients diagnosed with acetabular fractures were included. Fracture patterns were classified according to judet and letournel and young burgess classification systems. Factors studied included patient’s age, gender, body mass index, fracture pattern, type of surgery, comorbidities, smoking status, associated injuries, surgical site infections and mortality. Results: In a total of 25 patients, 21(84.0%) were male and 4(16.0%) female patients with overall mean age as 38.04±14.58 years. Overall, mean BMI was 23.20±2.60 kg/m2. There were 12(48.0%) patiens who had hypertension while 4 (16.0%) smokers. There were 21 (84.0%) patients who did not have any associated injuries while 3 (12.0%) had the associated extremities. The mean hospital stay of the patients was 5.08±0.76 days. The results revealed no significant association of Gender with these parameters (p > 0.001). Conclusion: There is no added risk of infection and mortality for the provision of emergency trauma services to pelvi-acetabular fractured patients even during panic and pandemic situations.

The activity of photocatalytic CO2 conversion to carbon-containing products is determined by the adsorption and activation of CO2 molecules on the surface of catalyst. Here, iron doped porous CeO2 with oxygen vacancy (PFeCe) was prepared by one-step combustion method. The amount of CO2 adsorbed via using the porous structure has been significantly increased in the case of a relatively small specific surface area and CO2 molecules are more easily captured and undergo a reduction reaction with photoinduced carriers. In addition, oxygen vacancies are formed in the iron doped CeO2 lattice as the active sites for CO2 reduction, which can form strong interactions with CO2 molecules, thereby effectively activating CO2 molecules. The reduction products of CO2 over PFeCe composite are CO and CH4, which is approximately 9.0 and 7.7 folds than that of CeO2. This work offers insights for the construction of efficient ceria-based photocatalysts to further achieve robust solar CO2 conversion.

Natural products have been the focus of biomedical and pharmaceutical research to develop new therapies in recent years. 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (2-methoxystypandrone, MAM) a natural bioactive juglone derivative, is known to have various levels of pharmacotherapeutic efficacies as an anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-HIV activities. MAM fights cancer progression by inducing apoptosis, necroptosis and deregulating signaling pathways through H2O2-induced JNK/iNOS/NO and MAPK, ERK1/2 pathways, JNK activation, and the RIP1/RIP3 complex. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological importance of MAM in the field of drug discovery. Furthermore, this review not only emphasizes the medicinal properties of MAM, but also discusses its potential efficacy in future medicinal products.

This study has empirically investigated impact of globalization on aggregate and agricultural employment in Pakistan for the data period 1986-2017. Globalization is proxied by variables trade openness, foreign direct investment, workers’ remittances and exchange rate. Other explanatory variables are real GDP, gender based wage gap and labor force. The study has applied Johansen’ cointegration technique and Error Correction Model to estimate the long run and short run relationships. The findings of the study indicate that in the long run trade openness has negative whereas FDI has positive effect on aggregate as well as agricultural employment in Pakistan during the data period. Interestingly, exchange rate and workers’ remittances affect aggregate and agricultural employment differently. Other important finding is that real GDP and gender based wage gap also deteriorate aggregate and agricultural employment in Pakistan. The study concluded that globalization in the form of trade openness has not supported employment whereas FDI enhanced employment in Pakistan. Policy makers need to consider sector specific effects of globalization while designing policies to achieve inclusive growth in Pakistan.

The uncomplicated synthesis and detailed characterization of ultrafine porous 2D polymers with superior and highly selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction under visible light irradiation.

The Occidental Societies are becoming increasingly vulnerable to cybernetic attacks due to their heavy reliance on computer and electronic systems and network fraud. Additionally, the Internet is an easily accessible medium through which any individual, while maintaining their anonymity, can perform a difficult act of linking virtually undetectable and difficult to smuggle, let alone achieve high-impact, striking directly and surprising the adversary. Therefore, the network is becoming “that ideal place” for delinquents and terrorists to carry out their official actions and activities. Although they have taken their battle to cyberspace, so have states beginning to employ this means to attack their enemies. Hence, cybercrime, cyber terrorism, and cyber warfare have become three major threats that seem to haunt Western societies. Therefore, in this article, we discussed the use of the network, terrorists, criminals, and the security of states, and the measures taken to avoid these attacks and activities crime as far as possible.

The first example of manganese corrole catalyzed selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde: a free radical-involved reaction with NaNO2 as an oxidant and cocatalyst.

The uncomplicated preparation and in-depth characterization of porous organic polymers with superior photocatalytic synthesis of disulfides and CO2 reduction to produce CH4.

A facile way to fabricate an ultrathin organic polymer with B as the active site for nearly 100% selective CO2-to-CH4 conversion under visible light illumination.

In this study, we evaluated the association of ISUP/WHO-grade groups with various pathological prognostic parameters and cancer-specific survival in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma. We found 27 (15.7%) cases of grade group 1, 22 (12.8%) grade group 2, 30 (17.4%) grade group 3, 40 (23.3%) grade group 4 and 53 (30.8%) grade group 5 prostatic adenocarcinoma. We found that high-grade tumors (grade 3-5) had a higher frequency of perineural invasion and higher tumor volumes (50%). Moreover, a significant association of tumor grade was noted with cancer-specific survival of patients, signifying prognostic significance of grade grouping in prostatic adenocarcinoma.

By using a low CO2 concentration as a C1 source, the design of a plasmonic catalyst that can effectively photocatalytic CO2 reduction is of great significance for sustainable and ecological development. Herein, the space confinement effect and liquid environment of the molten salt result in uniform hollow structure, while the strong aggressive force furnished via using molten salt enhances the formation of line defects. This special structure can not only provide a large number of active sites but also greatly accelerate the transport of photoinduced charge carriers. The hollow copper ball with line defects (CCu) shows excellent photocatalytic activity with pure water (1028.57 μmol g−1), and it also shows good catalytic activity even under ultra-low CO2 content, which far exceeds the catalytic activity of most semiconductor-based catalysts. This work is designed to simultaneously construct line defect and hollow structure in plasmatic metal nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

Image encryption algorithms based on Chaotic approach are becoming increasingly popular for remotely sensed images using parallel techniques. It has been demonstrated that the most efficient image encryption algorithms are based on Chaos. Previous research using chaos-based cryptosystems has resulted in poor performance when using a single computer, compromising privacy, security, and reliability. Furthermore, there were issues when vulnerable satellite images were processed. This paper describes a novel chaos-based encryption technique that employs an external secret key and Henon, Logistic, and Gauss iterated maps. The proposed encryption algorithm is capable of efficiently encrypting a large number of images. When the number of images increases, however, these images become very small, and the technology becomes inefficient or impractical. This paper investigates the parallel method of image encryption on a large number of remotely sensed images in Hadoop. Hadoop's file visit method has been enhanced so that it can treat the entire Tiff file as a single unit. Furthermore, the file format is being extended to be supported by Hadoop in order to support GeoTiff in Hadoop. The results of the experiments show that the proposed parallel method for encryption is effective and scalable to a large number of images when compared to other well-known methods.

Thermophysical Properties of Building Materials are Considered to have high importance in predicting building thermal performance, calculating thermal loads inside building, and optimizing the use of a building and insulating materials. Due to the lack of measurements of local building materials properties, designers and air- conditioning engineers have no choice but to use the published foreign data, which probably leads to inaccurate predictions of thermal loads and may give a false thermal performance. At the same time, it leads to an over-designed capacity of air- conditioning systems that lead to increased energy consumption in the building. Thus, it is clear that it was important to conduct this research to evaluate the thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of Iraqi building materials. The number of the local building materials were listed, and specimens were collected from their sites, factories, and suppliers such as bricks, stones, concrete products, gypsum, etc. Those samples were dimensioned to the specific size required when a measurement was conducted by the Hot Wire method. All measurements were carried out at room temperature. The relationship between thermal conductivity, density, moisture content, and pressure for a number of materials was Studied. A comparison between the measurements of the Iraqi building materials and results published in the ASHRAE, CIBS Guide, Australian Specifications, and Jordanian Specifications was made. However, the availability of such data is important for the climatic design of buildings, thermal load calculations for air- conditioning, and choosing the insulating materials.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of intertrochanteric fractures in young population with hip fractures presented in Ghurki Trust teaching hospital Lahore. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic& Spine Surgery from Jan, 2018 to April, 2022.About 295 patients presented in Ghurki teaching and trust hospital Lahore were taken as a part of this research out of which 94 patients were with intertrochanteric fractures. Those patients who had any kind of pathology or skeletal deformity were excluded from the study. Out of 94 patients, 60 were male while 34 patients were female. Fractures were treated surgically via DHS (dynamic hip screws). Results: In 94 patients with intertrochanteric fractures, the mechanism of injury was usually due to slip and fall (n= 15), fall from height (n= 19) and RTA (road traffic accidents) (n=60). The most common associated injury and fracture was of head injury and pelvis fracture respectively. RTA is most common mechanism of injury usually occurring in males (n= 40). The fractures were classified according to the BOYD’s classification. The intertrochanteric fractures showed complications like loosening of the nails or plates of DHS which occurred in patients having intertrochanteric fractures with SOF (shaft of femur) fractures. Conclusion: The characteristics related to intertrochanteric fractures depends on the mechanism of injury. An in-depth knowledge of the fracture stability and various implants is necessary for decision-making in the therapy of intertrochanteric fractures. More data on functional outputs are required, particularly for people with high functioning. Keywords: Intertrochanteric fracture, trochanters, Prevalence, trauma, surgery, DHS, ORIF, nails, mechanism of injury

Nanotechnology has shown promising advancements in the field of drug development and its delivery. In particular, the applications of nanoparticles for treatment and diagnostics of cancer reached such a precision that it can detect a single cancer cell and target it to deliver a payload for the treatment of that cancerous cell. Conventional cancer therapy methods have side effects, and diagnostics techniques are time-consuming and expensive. Nanoparticles (NPs) such as polymeric nanoparticles (nanogels, nanofibers, liposomes), metallic nanoparticles such as gold NP (GNPs), sliver NP (AgNP), calcium nanoparticles (CaNPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and quantum dots (QDs) have revolutionized cancer diagnostics and treatments due to their high surface charge, size, and morphology. Functionalization of these nanoparticles with different biological molecules, such as antibodies, helps them to target delivery and early detection of cancer cells through their plasmon resonance properties. While some of the magnetic properties of nanoparticles such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and carbon NT were also evaluated for detection and treatments of cancer cells. An advanced type of nanoparticles, such as nanobubbles and oxygen-releasing polymers, are helping to address the hypoxia conditions in the cancer microenvironment, while others are employed in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) due to their intrinsic theranostic properties. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has further increased biocompatibility and broadened their applications. In this review paper, we discussed the advancement in nanotechnology and its applications for cancer treatment and diagnostics and highlighted challenges for translation of these advanced nano-based techniques for clinical applications and their green synthesis.

Technology has transformed the banking industry. The banking sector has adopted digital ways to provide the best service to consumers to increase loyalty. The current study examines the influence of e-banking mobile application quality factors comprising reliability, application design, and trust on consumers' e-loyalty in Pakistan's private banking sector. Furthermore, the mediating role of e-satisfaction examined between the relationship of e-banking mobile application's quality factors and consumers' e-loyalty. The data were collected through 218 consumers of private banks in Pakistan using convenience sampling. The questionnaire was adopted through literature. The statistical tool Smart PLS 3.2.8 has been utilized to do partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The reliability and trust have significantly influenced e-loyalty in findings, while mobile application design reveals an insignificant effect on e-loyalty. The study contributed to the existing literature on e-banking by using cognitive-motivational-relational theory through mediating role of e-satisfaction. The present research anticipated offering guidelines to improve customer satisfaction and consumer loyalty in developing countries' private banking sectors.

Department of Software Engineering, In the current application development strategies, families of productsare developed with personalized configurations to increase stakeholders’ satisfaction. Product lines have theability to address several requirements due to their reusability and configuration properties. The structuringand prioritizing of configuration requirements facilitate the development processes, whereas it increases theconflicts and inadequacies. This increases human effort, reducing user satisfaction, and failing to accommodatea continuous evolution in configuration requirements. To address these challenges, we propose a framework formanaging the prioritization process considering heterogeneous stakeholders priority semantically. Featuresare analyzed, and mined configuration priority using the data mining method based on frequently accessed andchanged configurations. Firstly, priority is identified based on heterogeneous stakeholder’s perspectives usingthree factors functional, experiential, and expressive values. Secondly, the mined configuration is based on frequentlyaccessed or changed configuration frequency to identify the new priority for reducing failures or errorsamong configuration interaction. We evaluated the performance of the proposed framework with the help ofan experimental study and by comparing it with analytical hierarchical prioritization (AHP) and Clustering.The results indicate a significant increase (more than 90 percent) in the precision and the recall value of theproposed framework, for all selected cases.

Over the past decades, nanomedicine, the medical application of nanotechnology, has been extensively investigated as a promising approach in treating different inflammatory disorders and conditions. Nanomedicine provides a wide range of engineered nanomaterials, such as polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), lipid-based NPs, liposomes, silica NPs, metallic NPs, etc. Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems exhibit multiple advantages such as the ability to pass through different physiological barriers within the body and specifically deliver drugs to the required sites without affecting healthy cells and tissues. Enormous amounts of in-vitro and in-vivo researches were previously conducted by many research groups to validate the positive contribution that nanomedicine has regarding the treatment of inflammation and its associated illnesses. The scope of this review paper is to overview the current status of using nanomaterials in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, with an emphasis on asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, gout and atherosclerosis. The future prospects of using nanomaterials for inflammatory diseases were also briefly discussed.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the feasibility of recognizing criminological aspects of artificial intelligence and prosecuting it; the importance of the research issue stems from the growing influence of self-learning programs in human life and their rapid development. It is noted that criminal legislation is not distinguished by the promptness of changes covering the emergence of new relations. There is no corpus delicti associated with the commission of socially harmful activities using neural networks, artificial intelligence, or artificial intelligence itself in the statute. The author analyzes the objective signs of committing crimes and deviances in responses related to artificial intelligence. The work proves that the activities of self-taught programs can pose a public danger and harm public relations, protected by criminal law. Artificial intelligence may potentially fully implement the objective side of some criminal actions, and this list will continue to grow in the future. The article discusses the potential for self-learning programs to engage in unlawful activities. The substance of artificial intelligence's guilt reflects the content of human activity's intellectual and volitional parts. It is suggested that artificial intelligence is not separate from criminology but that it will act in its place if recognized as a person.

BackgroundDecline in cardio-metabolic health, immunity, and physical activity is associated with old age. Old people also find it difficult to engage in structured exercise programs. Therefore, there is a need to investigate common daily chores as an alternative for exercise that may also help in maintaining cardio-metabolic and immune health.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate whether Salat, an obligatory Islamic prayer involving various physical movements and closely resembling yoga, enhances the benefits conferred by the current guidelines for physical activity.MethodsA total of 30 overweight adults (mean (SD) age of 53.5 (8.7) years) participated in this study. For a 4-week duration, we compared the effects of Salat before/after meals (Pre-MS/Post-MS) on selected immunological and metabolic parameters in serum samples. We also compared the effects of both Pre-MS/Post-MS regimens in young and old subjects to observe any age-related effects.ResultsMost of the baseline metabolic parameters and the count of immune cells were normal. Post-MS resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and percent body fat (%BF). Overall, Post-MS resulted in a clear leukocytosis with a significant increase in granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes. When analyzing the lymphocyte compartment, a clear numerical increase was noted for T, B, and NK cells. The number of CD8+ T cells showed a statistically significant increase. Similarly, Post-MS induced leukocytosis in both young and old individuals, while the increase in granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes was statistically significant in old subjects only.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the Islamic obligatory and congressional Salat practice is capable of mimicking desirable pro-immune and pro-metabolic health effects.Clinical trial registration(UMIN000048901).

Bone healing and formation are under the control of growth factors. Among these factors, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have a vital role in bone and cartilage maintenance and formation. BMP itself belongs to the superfamily of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). Although, the use of recombinant BMPs has no significant association with the treatment of bone fractures, arthroplasty, pseudoarthrosis or other bone-related diseases. Recent advancements in genetic engineering have led to the foundation of gene therapy. Gene therapy uses genes to be incorporated in the living cells to replace defective genes or manipulate gene expression for therapeutic purposes. Gene therapy is emerging for the treatment of diseases with approval in Europe where it is in the marketing surveillance phase (Phase IV Clinical trial). This technique has also been tested for the incorporation of osteogenic genes in stem cells for repairing spinal fusion and recovering defects in bones in preclinical models. Therefore, gene therapy has the potential for the treatment of different diseases and has the advantage over the use of recombinant proteins. In this chapter, we have discussed gene therapy, its mechanism, delivery system and its use in tissue engineering (soft and bone tissue) for clinical application

Decline in cardio-metabolic health, immunity, and physical activity is associated with old age. Old people also find it difficult to engage in structured exercise programs. Therefore, there is a need to investigate common daily chores as an alternative for exercise that may also help in maintaining cardio-metabolic and immune health.We aimed to investigate whetherA total of 30 overweight adults (mean (SD) age of 53.5 (8.7) years) participated in this study. For a 4-week duration, we compared the effects ofMost of the baseline metabolic parameters and the count of immune cells were normal. Post-MS resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and percent body fat (%BF). Overall, Post-MS resulted in a clear leukocytosis with a significant increase in granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes. When analyzing the lymphocyte compartment, a clear numerical increase was noted for T, B, and NK cells. The number of CD8+ T cells showed a statistically significant increase. Similarly, Post-MS induced leukocytosis in both young and old individuals, while the increase in granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes was statistically significant in old subjects only.This study demonstrated that the Islamic obligatory and congressional(UMIN000048901).

The DNS firewall plays an important role in network security. It is based on a list of known malicious domain names, and, based on these lists, the firewall blocks communication with these domain names. However, DNS firewalls can only block known malicious domain names, excluding communication with unknown malicious domain names. Prior research has found that machine learning techniques are effective for detecting unknown malicious domain names. However, those methods have limited capabilities to learn from both textual and numerical data. To solve this issue, we present a novel unified learning approach that uses both numerical and textual features of the domain name to classify whether a domain name pair is malicious or not. The experiments were conducted on a benchmark domain names dataset consisting of 90,000 domain names. The experimental results show that the proposed approach performs significantly better than the six comparative methods in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score.