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Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Ciencia Florestal, Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas de Botucatu

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:49:04Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1997-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:39:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1997-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:10:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:10:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1997-01-01 Oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica do oxigênio (DBO) e demanda química do oxigênio (DQO) foram utilizados como parâmetros para se avaliar o grau e capacidade de autodepuração do ribeirão Lavapés, que atravessa a cidade de Botucatu - SP. Avaliou-se o perfil de poluição orgânica e identificadas as zonas de autodepuração, e pontualmente foi realizado uma coleta de 24 horas, de hora em hora, onde foi possível correlacionar a poluição orgânica com as atividades domésticas. A DQO mostrou-se como a melhor técnica para avaliar o perfil de poluição orgânica, identificar as zonas de depuração, e para avaliar a poluição orgânica, neste curso d água. A relação DQO/DBO foi em média 3,4 caracterizando um esgoto biodegradável, indicando que praticamente não existe adição de efluentes industriais, permitindo assim estimar a DBO através da DQO. Nos trechos de água limpa, nascente e foz, em que a DQO estava abaixo de 5 mg L-1 O2, foram utilizados os valores de oxigênio consumido (método do permanganato), o que não invalidou a identificação das zonas de depuração. No entanto pesquisas para desenvolver o método de DQO (dicromato) para baixas concentrações, abaixo de 5 mg L-1 são necessárias para uma melhor avaliação da recuperação do curso d água. To evaluate the depuration capacity of the Lavapés brook, which crosses Botucatu - SP, it was used dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as pollution parameters. The organic pollution profile was evaluated, the depuration zone identified and hourly 24-hour collection made, the last making it possible to correlate the organic pollution with household chores. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) showed itself to be the best technique to evaluate the organic pollution profile, to identify the depuration zones and to evaluate the organic pollution punctually in this water course. Characterizing a biodegradable sewage and indicating there that is no practical addition of industrial effluents, the average relation COD/BOD was 3.4, thus making it possible to estimate the BOD by the COD. At the clean water sections, source and mouth, where de COD was below 5 mg L-1 O2 it was used the consumed oxygen values (permanganate method), which did not invalidate the depuration zones identification. However, it is necessary researches to develop the method dichromate for low levels (below 5 mg L-1 ) in order to evaluate the water stream recuperation better. Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Química Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Química

The antimalarial properties of azomethine H represent the basis for its use as a chemotherapeutic agent. This work was carried out in order to verify the biological side effects of azomethine H and to clarify the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this process. It was shown that azomethine H increased serum activities of amylase, alanine transaminase (ALT) and the TBARS concentrations, in rats. No changes were observed in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. The drug-induced tissue damage might be due to superoxide radicals (O2.-), since Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activities were increased by azomethine H treatment. This study allows tentative conclusions to be drawn regarding which reactive oxygen metabolites play a role in azomethine H activity. We concluded that (O2.-) maybe produced as a mediator of azomethine H action.

Estudou-se o potencial energetico produzido pelo residuo da ultima lagoa aerobia, do efluente do Campus da UNESP em Botucatu, distrito de Rubiao Junior, tratado atraves do sistema de lagoas de estabilizacao de esgoto sanitario. Com esse proposito, no residuo solido, foi analisado o potencial energetico, atraves do poder calorifico e teores de metais. A qualidade do residuo foi estudada no periodo de nove meses, com frequencia mensal, dividida em duas estacoes predominantes, a chuvosa e a seca, com o objetivo de detectar possiveis alteracoes no comportamento do sistema. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que nao houveram diferencas significativas entre os pontos de coleta, os periodos de seca e de chuva, tambem nao produziram alteracoes significativas no comportamento do sistema. Os teores de metais (cadmio, cobalto, cobre ferro, niquel, chumbo e zinco) de maneira geral, os resultados obtidos, estiveram em conformidade com os padroes de lancamento exigidos pela legislacao estadual e federal. No estudo do potencial energetico do residuo, o poder calorifico inferior (PCI), resultou em 13.547,78 kJ.kg -1 para o residuo seco e 10.568,53 kJ.kg -1 para o residuo umido. Apresentou em media um potencial energetico equivalente a 30% do poder calorifico da gasolina (38.465,36 kJ.kg -1 ) e semelhante ao eucalipto (13.813,80 kJ.kg -1 ) Comparativamente aos potenciais energeticos de alguns combustiveis como lenha, biogas, etanol e carvao, verifica-se que o potencial quantitativo energetico do residuo e relevante, evidenciando tambem a viabilidade de utilizacao. Palavras-chave : Lagoas de estabilizacao, poder calorifico, metais pesados. POSSIBLE USE OF STABILIZATIONS LAGOONS RESIDUE AS ENERGY SOURCE SUMMARY: The effluent quality from UNESP Campus in Botucatu, Rubiao Junior district was studied. Such effluent is treated using the sanitary sewer stabilization lagoons system. On the solid residue, the energetic potential was assessed by means of calorific power and metal rates. The quality of the effluent treated and its residue were studied in a nine-month period monthly, in two predominant seasons, rainy and dry, aiming to detect possible changes in the system behavior. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the collect points, the dry and rainy periods, also did not produce significant changes in the system behavior. The resultsof the parameters and metals (cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, lead and zinc) were obtained according to the release standards demanded by state and federal laws. In the residue energetic potential study, the inferior calorific power (PCI) resulted in 13.547,78 kJ.kg -1 for dry residue and 10.568,53 kJ.kg -1 for damp residue. It was presented, in average, an energetic potential equivalent to 30% of the gasoline calorific power (38.465,36 kJ.kg -1 ) and similar to eucalyptus (13.813,80 kJ.kg -1 ). Compared to the energetic potential of some fuels as timber, biogas, ethanol and coal, it can be verified that the biomass energetic quantitative potential (residue) is relevant, also proving the feasibility of its use. Keywords: Stabilization lagoons, calorific power, heavy metals.

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: avaliar os impactos provocados pela descarga de efluente tratado pela Estacao de Tratamento de Esgoto – ETE (SABESP) em Botucatu – SP, no Corrego do Cintra (P 2 ), detectando qualitativa e quantitativamente as possiveis fontes de contaminacao pontual e difusa; propor medidas de conservacao do solo nas suas varias aplicacoes e relaciona-los aos riscos a saude humana e ao meio ambiente. As coletas de amostras de agua foram bimensais durante os meses de Junho/2005 e Maio/2006, as quais, foram analisadas para determinacao de parâmetros fisico-quimicos (pH e condutividade eletrica-CE) e defensivos agricolas (carbamatos, piretroides, fosforados, clorados). O valor da CE no P 2 foi acima de 100 m S .cm -1 , o pH proximo da neutralidade no P 1 e P 2 , alcalino no P 4 a P 7 , condicoes essas indicativas de ambiente impactado. Entre os defensivos agricolas, os Piretroides foram encontrados com concentracoes na ordem de 5,5 vezes o indice maximo permitido pela Portaria do Ministerio da Saude (MS) em aguas para consumo humano e a presenca de clorados em varias coletas nos pontos 2, 4 e 8. Propostas de remediacao ambiental com mecanismos corretivos nos principais focos geradores de poluicao (P 1 e P 2 ) devem ser viabilizados, tais como: recomposicao da mata ciliar em areas agricolas e de pastagens, alem da utilizacao de sistemas conservacionistas, como medidas para mitigar o escoamento de defensivos agricolas e restabelecer a qualidade de agua no Corrego do Cintra, para a dessedentacao de animais e recreacao nas cachoeiras (P 8 ) sem causar danos a saude dos frequentadores. Palavras-chave : Microbacia, areas agricolas, antropogenico, mata ciliar, conservacao do solo TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL EVALUATION OF CINTRA STREAM (BOTUCATU, SAO PAULO STATE, BRAZIL) RELATIVE TO PESTICIDES AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER QUALITY – A CASE STUDY SUMMARY: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impacts caused by the discharge of effluent treated by the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) - SABESP in Botucatu-SP at Cintra Stream (S 2 ); qualitatively and quantitatively detect the possible local and diffuse contamination sources in Cintra Stream; and suggest soil conservation measures and their several applications correlated to environmental and human health risks. Samplings were done every two months from June/2005 to May/2006, which were analyzed for the determination of data on physicochemical parameters (pH and electrical conductivity – EC) and pesticides (carbamates, pyrethroids, phosphorates, chlorates). EC value was higher than 100 m S/cm at S 2 , and pH was close to normality at S 1 and S 2 and alkaline from S 4 to S 7 − conditions indicative of impacted environment. Among pesticides, pyrethroids were detected at concentrations of approximately 5.5-fold higher than the maximum index allowed by the Edict of the Ministry of Health (MH) in waters for human consumption, and chlorines were detected in several samplings at S 2 , S 4 , and S 8 . Proposals for environmental remediation using corrective mechanisms at the main pollution sources (S 1 and S 2 ), including restoration of riparian forest in agricultural and pasture areas in addition to the use of conservational systems, can mitigate pesticide flow and reestablish water quality in Cintra Stream for animal consumption and recreation in waterfalls (S 8 ) with no harm to the health of users. Keywords: Microwatershed, agricultural areas, anthropic activity, riparian forest, soil conservation.