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In this study, the electrical energy consumption of an apartment building was calculated depending on different design parameters. The electrical energy consumption was found according to the population information of each of four cities selected to represent different climatic regions. The calculations took into account, firstly, the application of different insulation materials; secondly, the state of the building: discrete, surrounded by trees or adjacent to another building; and, thirdly, different glazing types. Using the Taguchi method, experimental designs were conducted for each representative city. Then, the most suitable building design parameters were determined for each city according to signal-to-noise ratios. In the study, pollutant emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter, released to the atmosphere were investigated. It was observed that there was a 50% reduction in energy consumption and emissions based on the most suitable building design parameter determined by the Taguchi method.

The objective of this study designed in three steps is to evaluate the optimization of tribological performance in the elevated temperature of TiC reinforced A356 matrix composites, produced by mechanical alloying (MA), using the dragonfly algorithm (DA). In the first step, an experimental design is created to formulate the problem as an optimization problem with the help of regression modeling, and wear tests by adding a temperature module according to ASTM G99-05 standards are performed at various reinforced rates, operating temperatures, and loads. In the second step, regression models are fitted to the experimental results. In the third step, the dragonfly algorithm (DA) – one of the recent nature inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms – has been adapted to optimize the formulated problem. The results of DA indicate that the optimum factor levels for the reinforced rate, operating temperature, and load are determined as 7%, 10°C, and 20 N respectively to optimize the responses, namely weight loss, wear rate, and friction coefficient.

The aim of this study is to calculate the optimum factor levels for the design parameters namely slot pitch, center slot pitch, and damper width to keep the magnetic flux density distribution in a desired range while minimizing the total harmonic distortion (THD). For this purpose, the numerical simulations are performed in the Maxwell environment. Then by the aid of regression modeling over this simulation results; the mathematical equations between the responses (THD and magnetic flux density distribution) and the factors are calculated. After the modeling phase, grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is run through these regression equations to determine the optimum values of the rotor design parameters (factors). The confirmations are also performed in the Maxwell environment and the result indicated that the THD is minimized and the magnetic flux density distribution on the teeth is kept in a desired range.

Job-shop scheduling is a difficult issue for 'labor-intensive project type manufacturing'. Because in this type of production, the actual processing times are not exactly known until the production is finished and these processing times vary depending on the order’s technical specifications. It is an appropriate method to use probability distributions to forecast the processing times. This paper provides an industrial application for the scheduling of a labor-intensive project type working welding job-shop under variable workstation constraints. This constraint is consequence of a special production type that is depending on the length of the products. The aim is minimizing the makespan of a group of waiting orders. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used for this purpose to establish the entry sequence of the job-shop's waiting orders and dispatching them to the 6 identical welding stations. The dynamic conditions of the job-shop are simulated by the Arena simulation program. Stochastic processing times are used as the input data of the algorithm. Using stochastic processing times under variable workstation constraint for welding job-shop scheduling is not investigated previously. According to the experimental results, GA and Arena simulation together effectively reduces the makespan in this type of problem under variable workstation constraint. The GA aided Arena schedule outperforms the schedules proposed without using GA for this problem. Simulation results indicate that the total manufacturing time of pending orders is nearly 9.25% reduced when compared with the schedules proposed without using GA., İş atölyesi planlaması, 'emek yoğun proje tipi üretim' için zor bir konudur. Çünkü bu tür bir üretimde, gerçek işlem süreleri üretim bitene kadar tam olarak bilinmez ve bu işlem süreleri siparişin teknik özelliklerine göre değişir. İşlem sürelerini tahmin etmek için olasılık dağılımlarını kullanmak uygun bir yöntemdir. Bu makale, emek-yoğun proje tipi çalışan kaynak atölyesinin değişken iş istasyonu kısıtlamaları altında planlanması için endüstriyel bir uygulama sunmaktadır. Bu kısıt, ürünlerin boyuna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan özel bir üretim şeklinin sonucudur. Amaç, bir grup bekleyen iş emrinin tamamlanma süresini en aza indirmektir. Genetik algoritma (GA) bu amaçla, atölyeye girmeyi bekleyen iş emirlerinin atölyeye giriş sırasını oluşturmak ve bunları 6 özdeş kaynak istasyonuna göndermek için kullanılır. Atölyenin dinamik koşulları, Arena simülasyon programı ile simüle edilir. Algoritmanın girdi verileri olarak stokastik işlem süreleri kullanılır. Kaynak iş istasyonu çizelgeleme için değişken iş istasyonu kısıtlaması altında stokastik işleme sürelerinin kullanılması daha önce araştırılmamıştır. Deneysel sonuçlara göre, GA ve Arena simülasyonu birlikte, değişken iş istasyonu kısıtlaması altında bu tür problemlerde bir grup işin toplam tamamlanma zamanını etkili bir şekilde azaltmaktadır. GA destekli Arena çizelgesi, bu sorun için GA kullanmadan önerilen çizelgeden daha iyi performans gösterir. Simülasyon sonuçları, bekleyen siparişlerin toplam üretim süresinin, GA kullanılmadan önerilen çizelgelerle karşılaştırıldığında yaklaşık % 9,25 oranında azaldığını göstermektedir

The coating process of tractor cabs is performed in industry by the electrostatic powder coating technique, which is the electrostatic application of powder to metal parts of the cab, requiring a p...

Determining the stator slot design parameters of the alternator has a great importance to provide the desired magnetic flux distribution for a permanent magnet generator (PMG). The objective of this article was to investigate the optimum design parameters of PMG slot design for small-scale low-speed wind turbine generator by using the design of experiment techniques. The Maxwell simulations have been used for numerical experiments on geometric design variables of stator slots (Bs0, Bs1, Bs2, and Hs2) in order to evaluate the coefficients of second-order models for the responses. Efficiency, stator teeth flux density, stator yoke flux density, and air-gap flux density are determined as the responses that have to be optimized. A gradient search was used for optimization. The solution of this design problem shows how the experimental design method can be combined with the numerical simulation and how this approach is well adapted to the optimization process. As a result, the efficiency of the PMG is improved under the desired magnetic flux conditions.

It is important to calculate the optimum design parameters of synchronous generator (SG) to obtain the desired total harmonic distortion (THD). In this study, we aim to determine the optimum rotor design parameters of SG by using grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm. For this purpose regression modelling is performed to mathematically modelling the relationship between the selected rotor design parameters (factors namely slot pitch, center slot pitch, and damper width) and THD (response). This factor combination is not previously investigated in the related literature. Then by using GWO the optimization is performed on this regression equation. Maxwell simulations have been used for numerical experiments. The results of GWO are compared with the results of genetic algorithm (GA). The results indicate that the GWO algorithm can be well adapted to similar optimization processes and can be effectively used. As a result, the voltage THD of the SG is reduced to 0.3951 under the acceptable magnetic flux conditions. This GWO aided optimization study is significant in that it demonstrates how the performance of SG can be improved by making minor changes to the production line that has been adjusted for mass production without changing the outer diameter and dimensions of SG.

İşletmeler açısından israf (muda) kaçınılması gereken bir kavramdır. Muda, İş bitim sürelerini uzatan, bir malzemeyi ya da aleti almak için gereksiz hareketler yapmaya neden olan, stok fazlalığı yaratan ya da sonuçta her tür beklemeye yol açan fire niteliğindeki hareketler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bir işletmede çalışan operatör, makine veya diğer birimlerin gereğinden fazla yüklenerek ideal zaman ve emek miktarının üzerinde zorlanmasına ise Japonca Muri adı verilir. İsrafı önleyebilmek ve üretim süreçlerindeki dengesizlikleri giderebilmek için önemli önceliklerden biri aşırı yükün olduğu birimlerin tespit edilmesini sağlayan Muri çalışmalarını yapmaktır.Başta yem tesisleri olmak üzere, hammadde ve yarı mamullerin tesis içerisinde belirli yüksekliklere çıkarılması amacıyla kullanılan kovalı elevatörler üzerinde çok sayıda taşıyıcı kova yer almaktadır. Bu kovaların elevatör üzerine montajı, taşıyıcı bant vasıtasıyla yapılmaktadır. Kovaların, taşıyıcı bant üzerine montajı cıvata ve somun kullanılarak gerçekleşmektedir. Bant üzerinde yer alan yüzlerce delik, mevcut teknikte, önce el ile işaretlenmekte ve sonrasında el matkabıyla delinmektedir. Kova taşıyıcı bandının delik konumlarının işaretlenmesi ve delinmesi işleminde çalışanların çömelerek ve eğilerek işlem yaptıkları görülmüştür. Anılan bu işlem gün boyunca devam edebilmekte ve çalışan gün boyu zorlanmaktadır. Çalışanları zorlayan çalışma durumları Muri ve REBA ile analiz edilmiş ve bu aşırı yükten kaynaklanan zaman israfını ortadan kaldıracak çalışma şekilleri değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, çalışanları zorlayan bu çalışma duruşlarının ortadan kaldırılması amacıyla bant deliklerini istenilen aralıklarla delen bir otomasyon sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Amaç, çalışan memnuniyetini ve konforunu artırmak suretiyle; çalışana bağlı hata yapma riskinin minimuma indirilmesi, kalite ve verimlilik iyileştirmelerinin gerçekleştirilmesi ve rekabet etme olanaklarının arttırılmasıdır. Çalışmanın tasarımı tamamlanmış ve imalat süreci devam etmektedir.

Mixed-model assembly lines allow the production of different product variants in mass quantities on the same assembly line. In studies addressing mixed-model assembly with two-sided lines, assembly line (work)stations are classified as left-side or right-side stations depending on the operation side to which they are allocated. However, underground stations are also utilized in industry to perform tasks that need to be done underneath the product being assembled on the line. This paper introduces and mathematically formulates a mixed-model, two-sided assembly line balancing problem considering underground stations. The precedence relationships between tasks being performed in the three types of stations are defined and considered in the model. A numerical example is solved in GAMS (with CPLEX solver) and the detailed balancing solution is provided. A new ant colony optimization algorithm, in which the parameters are optimized using response surface methodology, is also developed to solve real-world problems. A total of 78 test problems are derived from the literature and their lower bounds are calculated to test the performance of the ACO algorithm. ACO finds optimum solutions for the majority of small and medium-sized test problems. In comparing the ACO results to the lower bounds for the large-sized problems, ACO finds near -optimum solutions in majority of the test cases.

This study analysed current daylighting conditions in terms of luminous comfort in the classrooms of Balikesir University in Turkey. This was managed through a questionnaire survey and numerical simulations in 16 different classrooms of the Faculty of Engineering-Architecture. The simulation study considered the differences in the performance parameters daylighting level, illuminance uniformity and daylighting factors in order to compare them with the values defined in the standards. Collected for the survey were 818 questionnaires, and these were analysed to understand the students’ perception of luminous comfort in classrooms by using SPSS 22.0 and Minitab 16. The simulation results showed that performance factors in all classrooms were lower than the standard values. Therefore, daylighting can be necessary together with artificial lighting based on the distance from window at the same time. This result revealed that design of artificial lighting is as significant as the design of classrooms. According to the survey results, the perception of luminous comfort is mostly affected by orientation, distance from windows and difference in gender. Furthermore, the students mostly preferred both natural and artificial lighting. This matched well with the simulation results. In conclusion, this paper proposes guidelines for designing high-performance classrooms in terms of luminous comfort.

The intense competition in the production of particleboard in the world requires minimization of process times which is one of the important parameters effective on costs. In this study, it is aimed to minimize the press time in order to increase the production speed by using the mathematical sub-structure of the response surface method (RSM) which is one of the well-known design of experiments techniques. For this purpose, optimum levels of the factors those have effect on press time namely humidity of the particleboard, bath gel time, gravure gel time for the bottom of the particleboard, gravure gel time for the top of the particleboard, flow, final weight, humidity of the paper, amount of urea-formaldehyde (UF), amount of melamine formaldehyde (MF), press density, press pressure and press temperature were investigated. In this case, It is aimed to increase the production amount and productivity of the line while decreasing the press time. For the purpose of modeling, the mathematical relationship between the factors and the press time was determined by using 56 observation values of 5 repetitions each and then optimization was performed. At the end of the study, the press time is reduced to 11 seconds from 13.57 seconds-which is the lowest press time observed for the currently selected item type., Dünyada yonga levha üretiminde yaşanan yoğun rekabet, maliyetler üzerinde etkili önemli parametrelerden biri olan işlem sürelerinin enküçüklenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, deney tasarımı tekniklerinden yaygın olarak kullanılan yanıt yüzey yöntemi (YYY)’nin matematiksel alt yapısı kullanılarak, üretim hızını arttırmak amacıyla pres süresinin enküçüklenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla yonga levhanın pres süresi üzerinde etkili değişkenlerden; yonga levhanın rutubeti, banyo jeli süresi, yonga levhanın altı için gravür jeli süresi, yonga levhanın üstü için gravür jeli süresi, akış, final ağırlığı, kağıdın rutubeti, üreformaldehit (UF) miktarı, melamin formaldehit (MF) miktarı, pres yoğunluğu, pres basıncı ve pres sıcaklığı girdilerinin optimum değerleri araştırılmıştır. Bu sayede pres süresi azaltılırken, üretim miktarı ve hattın verimliliğinin arttırılması amaçlanmıştır. Modelleme amacıyla, her biri 5 tekrarlı 56 tane gözlem değeri kullanılarak girdilerle pres süresi arasındaki matematiksel ilişki belirlenmiş ve ardından eniyileme yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda, hali hazırda seçilen ürün tipi için gözlenen en düşük pres süresi olan 13.57 sn. 11 sn. kadar düşürülmüştür.

The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is one of the most frequently encountered NP-Hard optimization problems in logistics and distance-constrained VRP is used when there are constraints such as fuel, driver’s continuous working hours, or the balanced workload of each distribution path. Heuristics and metaheuristics are widely used to solve this NP-Hard problem. In recent years swarm intelligence became popular to solve such problems. In this study, a single depot with a single vehicle type that is used to transport the staff (controllers of Balikesir Directorate of Science, Industry and Technology—Turkey) to 19 different towns by the routes with a length of maximum 550 km. The aim is to minimize the total pathway of the vehicle and to visit all the towns. The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is used for the optimization. This result indicates that the ABC algorithm can be used effectively to solve the distance restricted vehicle routing problems.

In electromechanical industrial corporations, determining the production cost of the orders according to the technical specifications demanded by the customer has great importance in giving an accurate price offer. Labor cost is one of the important and most variable cost components that must be estimated in order to give an accurate price offer. In this study, a feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network (FF-BPN) is used to predict the flow times of power transformer orders of a transformer producer according to the technical specifications given by the customer. The results of this study show that the prediction capability of an artificial neural network is very good for this type of problem and results in better cost estimation than current company practice. A case study is carried out for a manufacturer of electrical transformers in Turkey.

Biodiesel and their blends with diesel have long been used as alternative fuels in diesel engines. In particular, B20 is recommended in most studies since it reduces the exhaust emissions and provides satisfactory engine torque close to diesel fuel. On the other hand, low cetane number of biodiesel leads to higher oxides of nitrogene (NOx) emission when compared to those of the diesel fuel. Formation of NOx emissions has a strong correlation with cetane number of fuels, which increases with the reduction of the cetane number. The current paper focuses on finding the optimum 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) (cetane improver) concentration and the engine speed for 20 vol% canola oil methyl ester and 80 vol% diesel fuel blend (B20). For that reason, experimental design is created and the experiments have been done on TDI diesel engine at full load and different engine speed conditions to be able to model the problem as an optimization problem by means of the regression modelling. Accordingly, the developed model in consequence of the test results of the engine is optimized via the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm taking into account of engine performance and emission parameters viz. brake torque, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), NOx, and carbon dioxide (CO2), to identify the rate of concentration of EHN in B20 and engine speed. Finally, confirmation tests were employed to compare the output values of the concentration that were identified through the GWO algorithm, and further statistical analyses indicate the consistency between the real experimental results and the results obtained through the GWO algorithm. The optimum EHN concentration and engine speed was determined as 743 mg/L and 3221 rpm respectively. Test results of engine performance indicated that brake power and BSFC of optimum blend at 3221 rpm decreased while brake torque and BTE increased in comparison with those of B20 without EHN. CO2 and NOx exhaust emissions decreased as 11.19% and 4.63% respectively.

Job shop scheduling for labor-intensive and project type manufacturing is a too hard task because the operation times are not known before production and change according to the orders’ technical specifications. In this paper, a case study is presented for scheduling a labor-intensive and project type workshop. The aim is to minimize the makespan of the orders. For this purpose, the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) is used to determine the entry sequence of the waiting orders to the workshop and dispatching to the stations. 18 different orders and 6 welding stations are used for the scheduling in this case. The input data of the algorithm are the technical specifications (such as weight and width of the demanded orders) and processing times of the orders which vary according to the design criteria demanded by the customers. According to the experimental results, it is observed that the ABC algorithm has reduced the makespan.

Assembly lines, which are mostly used flow-oriented production techniques in mass production, are classified in different ways, e.g. considering their configurations and/or product variety produced on the line. Mixed-model two-sided assembly lines are usually constructed for the production of large-sized items, such as automobiles or trucks, in an inter-mixed sequence. While the literature on two-sided lines is extensive, there is no research concerning minimizing the cycle time in mixed-model two-sided lines, to the best of the authors’ knowledge. Therefore, this paper introduces the type-II mixed-model two-sided assembly line balancing problem benefiting from the real data gathered through an industrial case study. This is the major contribution of this paper. This paper also contributes to knowledge by incorporating incompatible task groups, different from negative zoning constraints. Any two tasks existing in the same incompatible task group cannot be accomplished at the same time in the same mated-station.

In assembly lines repeated work and unsuitable working postures cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and labor losses. Ergonomic design of assembly lines is important to avoid MSD. Although assembly work require the use of different working postures together, it is not always possible to design an assembly line that provides ergonomic work in all postures at the same time. For this reason, in order to determine design criteria for design of assembly lines, it is necessary to investigate which body parts of employees will be taken into consideration primarily. In this study, musculoskeletal disorders of assembly line employees of a transformer producer were analyzed by using the questionnaire study inspired by “Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ)”, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Ovako Working Postures Analysing System (OWAS). As a result of analysis, the back, waist, feet, neck, right upper arm and shoulders were identified as the most risky body parts and an adjustable assembly table was designed to reduce these risks., Montaj hatlarında tekrarlayan işler ve uygun olmayan pozisyonlarda yapılan çalışmalar kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarına (KİSR)ve işgücü kayıplarına sebep olmaktadır. KİSR’nın önüne geçmek için montaj hatlarının ergonomik tasarımı önemlidir. Montaj işlemlerinin farklı çalışma pozisyonlarını bir arada kullanılmasını gerektirmesine karşın; tüm çalışma pozisyonlarında aynı anda ergonomik çalışmayı sağlayacak bir hat tasarlamak her zaman mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle montaj hattı tasarımlarında tasarım kriterlerinin belirlenebilmesi için, çalışanların hangi vücut bölümlerinin öncelikli olarak göz önüne alınacağının araştırılması gerekir. Bu çalışmada, bir transformatör imalatçısının montaj hattı çalışanlarının kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıkları; Cornell Üniversitesi Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlık Anketinden (CMDQ) esinlenilerek oluşturulan bir anket çalışması, Hızlı Tüm Vücut Değerlendirme (REBA) Yöntemi ve Ovako Çalışma Duruşu Analiz Sistemi (OWAS) ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, sırt, bel, ayaklar, boyun, sağ pazu ve omuzlar en riskli vücut bölümleri olarak belirlenmiş ve bu riskleri azaltmak üzere ayarlanabilir bir montaj sehpası tasarımı yapılmıştır.

Accurate mathematical models of physical systems are essential for understanding the behaviour of actual systems under different operating conditions and for designing control systems. In mechanical systems, difficulty of the exact determination of friction force parameters adversely affects the accuracy of the models. In this study, Karnopp friction model is chosen in order to model the friction parameters of the bob of a pendulum. The parameters are determined by sectioning the speed regions and then using “Response Surface Methodology” (RSM) by sectioning the speed regions. Proposed method has produced accurate yet simple model of the friction parameters.

Yalçın, Ümit ( Balikesir Author ), Prediction of cutting parameters as a function of cutting force, surface roughness and cutting temperature is very important in face milling operations. In the present study, the effect of cutting parameters on the mentioned responses were investigated by using artificial neural networks (ANN) which were trained by using experimental results obtained from Taguchi's L8 orthogonal design. The experimental results are compared with the results predicted by ANN and the Taguchi method. By training the ANN with the results of experiments which are corresponding with the Taguchi L8 design, with only eight experiments an effective ANN model is trained. By using this network model the other combinations of experiments which did not perform previously, could be predicted with acceptable error.

In this article, a response surface methodology based approach is proposed for the optimal design of C-type passive filters that can be employed in typical industrial power systems. The purpose of the optimization process is to minimize voltage and current total harmonic distortions. According to IEEE Standard 519-1992, both indices and displacement power factor are handled as constraints for the optimal filter design problem. To show the validity of the proposed approach, numerical results are presented.

Regression-based methods are widely used for flow time estimation of customer orders. However, for the customer orders that will be produced for the first time in a labor intensive project type production system with new design parameters, it is hard to make thoroughly accurate flow time prediction at the quotation stage. This is caused by having so many uncontrollable factors in a production system, that are not placed in the mathematical models. These uncontrollable factors cause high differences between the observed and expected flow time. In this study, a new algorithm - that combines the regression analysis and the artificial neural networks - is proposed. By this way, the prediction performance of fitted regression model is improved and the lack-of-fit is decreased, Regresyon tabanlı metodlar, müşteri siparişlerinin akış zamanının hesaplanmasında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak emek yoğun proje tipi üretim yapan işletmelerde, ilk defa yeni tasarım parametreleri ile üretilecek olan ürünlerin akış zamanını, üretime başlamadan önce müşteriye fiyat teklifi verme aşamasında tahmin etmek zor bir problemdir. Bu durum, üretim sisteminin matematiksel modellerde yer verilemeyen pek çok kontrol edilemeyen değişken içermesinden kaynaklanır. Bu kontrol edilemeyen değişkenler ise beklenen akış zamanı ile regresyon tabanlı denklemlerle tahmin edilen zamanlar arasında hatırı sayılır bir tahmin hatasını ortaya çıkarır. Bu çalışmada, regresyon denkleminin tahmin hatasını minimize etmek üzere, yapay sinir ağları ile regresyon analizini birleştiren bir algoritma önerilmiştir. Bu yolla regresyon denkleminin tahmin performansı arttırılmış ve tahmin hataları minimize edilmiştir

This paper proposes response surface methodology (RSM) for tuning Proportional Integral (PI) coefficients for a Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current (PMBLDC) motor drive. Overshoot and settling time data are obtained from the application circuit for different Kp–Ki pairs. RSM is a union of statistical and mathematical techniques necessary for developing, improving, and optimizing processes. Therefore, optimal values of PI controller coefficients are obtained using RSM. Motion Control Kit (MCK243) is used to carry out digital motion control applications. The MCK243 kit includes a power module and a three phase brushless motor. TMS320F243 programs for PMBLDC motor speed control. Experimental results are given to show the validity of this method.

A major problem faced by every airline is to construct a daily schedule for a heterogeneous aircraft fleet. In the present paper implementation of aircraft routing and scheduling for cargo transportation, known as one of the scheduling problem in transportation, in an air-line is presented. First, problems faced by the company are defined and then implementation steps and expected improvements that will result from carrying out the solution of mathematical model of the problem are given in detail. The purpose of this paper is to describe, analyze and evaluate a case study of how an aircraft scheduling was managed in an air-line.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disorder characterized by malformations, marrow failure, and predisposition to cancer. Birth defects and laboratory features are characteristic and helpful in diagnosis, when present. Chromosome fragility is pathognomonic in the diagnosis. However, in some cases, there are no obvious physical anomalies or suggestive hematologic abnormalities, and inconclusive diagnostic tests have also been described. In such cases, a molecular diagnosis is required. This approach presents some advantages, especially in populations with a high incidence of FA and of consanguinity. Herein, we present a case with mild phenotypic features, inconclusive hematological findings and a negative breakage test. The diagnosis of FA was confirmed with next-generation sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the first publication of a FA patient being molecularly diagnosed utilizing this method since its introduction. Given its technical and financial features, we suggest that next-generation sequencing might be an alternative first-line diagnostic test for selected cases from particular populations.

Karaoǧlan, Aslan Deniz (Balikesir Author), The painting process of corrugated wall radiators of a distribution transformer is performed by a flow-down painting technique in the industrial field. This study has been prepared in accordance with ISO 12944-5. Correspondingly, this work is motivated by Epoxy 2-pack paints (4.3.4.2) to obtain minimum requirements for C3 atmospheric corrosivity categories (5.1.1). This standard requires from the vertical surface of the vessel of the transformer to be painted with epoxy paints that contain anti-corrosive pigments with a minimum of 100 µm dry film thickness. In the present study, a new production methodology called wet-on-wet (WOW) painting is developed which has never been used in industry. In addition, a modified response surface methodology (RSM) is proposed for designing, modeling, and optimizing the proposed process under unsteady environmental effects. The results indicate that the WOW painting can be applied to real industrial systems successfully by the aid of the proposed new RSM algorithm and provide remarkable time and cost savings.

This chapter presents optimization of fractional order PI λ D μ control parameters by using response surface methodology. The optimization process is observed on a fractional order diffusion system subject to input hysteresis which is defined with Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative. The system is transferred to a fractional order state space model by using eigenfunction expansion method and then Grunwald–Letnikov approximation is applied to solve the system numerically. The necessary data for response surface analysis are read from the obtained numerical solution. Finally, second-order polynomial response surface mathematical model for the experimental design is presented and the optimum control parameters are predicted from this response surface model. The proposed optimization method is compared with the technique of minimization of integral square error by means of settling time and the results are discussed.

This paper presents response surface methodology for tuning of fractional order PIλDμ controller of a fractional order diffusion system subject to input hysteresis which is defined with Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative. Eigenfunction expansion method and the Grunwald-Letnikov numerical technique are used to solve the system. The necessary data for response surface analysis are read from the obtained numerical solution. Then second-order polynomial response surface mathematical model for the experimental design is presented and the optimum controller parameters are predicted from this model. The proposed tuning method is compared with the technique of minimization of integral square error by means of settling time and the results are discussed.

Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1998, Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 1998, Bu çalışmada , mimarlığın bugünü kendi iç çelişkilerine koşut olarak görüngübilimsel bir yönelmenin kazanımları ve özellikle ardyapısalcı bakış açısının açılımları ile bir arakesit olarak tartışılmıştır. Bu karşılaşmadan elde edilen izlenimler “arkitektonik yapı ve kalıtımsallık” bağlamında da doymuşluk ve arakesit biçimlenme kavramları ile “yeni” olana dair ip uçları vermektedir. Çalışmanın psikanalitik bir açılımı olarak ev ve yeni kavramları bir arada irdelenerek mağaradan bu yana insanı mekansal bir iz olarak kuşatan en öz, en bildik ve en güvenilir olan evin yenileşmesi ve mimari kavrayışın yenileşme potansiyeli üzerine sunduğu olanaklar belirlenmiştir., This work discusses the current situation of architecture as a cross-section with a post-structuralist point of view, parallel to its conflicts within using a phenomenological aproach. Impressions of this discussion give hints towards the ‘new’ within the context of architectonic and genetic structure concerning the concepts of saturation and architecture as cross-section. As a psycho-analytic discussion of ‘ home’ and ‘new’ are analyzed together. This analyses allows us to see the ‘house’ as the most known, most intimate space since the cave living for the human and to suggest its potential for a new house, and a new agenda for architecture., Doktora, PhD

In this study, we present a new regression control chart which is able to detect the mean shift in a production process. This chart is designed for autocorrelated process observations having a linearly increasing trend. Existing approaches may individually cope with autocorrelated and trending data. The proposed chart requires the identification of trend stationary first order autoregressive (trend AR(1)) model as a suitable time series model for process observations. For a wide range of possible shifts and autocorrelation coefficients, performance of the proposed chart is evaluated by simulation experiments. Average correct signal rate and average run length are used as performance criteria. © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Karaoğlan, Aslan Deniz (Balikesir Author), The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of fuel injection timing and engine speed on engine performance and exhaust emission parameters using a diesel engine running on canola oil methyl ester (COME). COME was produced by means of the transesterification method and tested at full load with various engine speeds by changing fuel injection timing (12, 15, and 18 degrees CA) in a turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engine. The experiments were designed using response surface methodology (RSM), which is one of the well-known design of experiment technique for predicting the responses engine performance and exhaust emission parameters from a second order polynomial equation obtained by modeling the relation between fuel injection timing (t) and engine speed (n) parameters. By using the second order full quadratic RSM models obtained from experimental results, responses brake power, brake torque, brake mean effective pressure, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, oxygen (O-2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and light absorption coefficient (K) affected from factors t and n were able to be predicted by 95% confidence interval.

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2011, Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011, Bu çalışmanın amacı; parametrik tasarım kavramının açılımlarını ortaya koymak, parametrik tasarım kavramını tanımlamak, parametrik tasarımın tasarımcıların yeni aracına dönüşmesiyle tasarım disiplinleri üzerinde yarattığı etkileri araştırmak ve parametrik tasarımın peyzaj mimarlığına etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde amaç ve kapsam tanımlandıktan sonra, ikinci bölümde parametrik tasarım kavramının açılımları başlığı altında, tasarımda çokluluk (komplekslik), çeşitleme (varyasyon) ve parametre kavramları parametrik tasarımın alt başlıkları olarak irdelenmektedir. Geleneksel tasarım süreci devam ederken, bilgisayar teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ile birlikte sayısal tasarım sistemleri tasarımcılara yeni ve etkili araçlar sunmaya başlamıştır. Parametrik tasarım, ilişkiselliği, çokluluğa katkısı, esneklik sağlaması, çeşitlemeleri kolaylaştırması, programatik çözümler araştırmasıyla tasarımcıların yeni aracı haline gelme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu bağlamda parametrik tasarım sistemleri ve parametrik tasarım kullanımları incelenmiş, bölümde somut örnekler ve uygulamalarla anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın beşinci bölümünde parametrik tasarımın peyzaj mimarlığı üzerinde yarattığı etkiler ve katkılar incelenmektedir. Parametrik tasarım, peyzaj mimarlığıyla ortak veriler doğrultusunda ilişkilendirilmiştir. Örnek olarak seçilen farklı ölçekli ve konulu projeler peyzaj mimarlığı ve parametrik tasarım ilişkisi göz önünde tutularak seçilmiştir., The aim of this research is to put forward explanations of the concept of parametric design, to define parametric design, to expore the effect of parametric design as the new tool for designers on design disiplines and investigate the relationship between parametric design and landscape architecture. After defining the purpose and the scope in the introduction part, in the second chapter of the research, the aim is to examine the concepts of complexity in design, variation, parameter under the title the explanation of parametric design. While the conventional design process is going on, with the development of computer technologies, digital design systems began to offer new and effective tools for designers. With its relationality, contribution in complexity, flexibility, facilitation of variations parametric design have the potential to become the designer s new tool. In this context, parametric design systems and parametric design usage have been studied and in this section it has been explaned throught a specific examples and implementations. In the fifth chapter of the research the effects and contribution of parametric design on landscape architecture is examined. Parametric design associated with landscape architecture in accordance with the comman datas. The project examples with different scale and subject are selected by considering the relationship between landscape architecture and parametric design., Yüksek Lisans, M.Sc.