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The long-term changes of liver stiffness (LS) in patients who achieve viral clearance after direct-acting anti-HCV therapy remain undefined. We conducted a multicenter prospective study to investigate this aspect. Patients with HCV infection treated with DAAs were enrolled from six Italian centers; they underwent clinical, biochemical, ultrasound, and transient elastography evaluations before treatment (T0), 12 weeks (SVR12), and 24 months (T24) after the end of therapy. Among the 516 consecutive patients enrolled, 301 had cirrhosis. LS significantly decreased from T0 to SVR (14.3 kPa vs 11.1 kPa, p=0.002), with a progressive reduction until T24 (8.7 kPa, p

INTRODUCTION: We assessed the performance of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected people who use drugs (PWUDs) in terms of sustained virological response (SVR) and adherence rates in comparison to a location-matched cohort of non-PWUD HCV patients. METHODS: All consecutive HCV RNA-positive PWUDs were enrolled between 2015 and 2019. All subjects underwent DAA treatment according to international guidelines and then followed, at least, up to 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). The SVR and adherence to treatment was compared with that of non-PWUD HCV patients observed at hepatological units of the CLEO platform. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 1,786 PWUDs who were followed up were available for assessment. Most PWUDs (85.4%) were managed inside the specialized outpatient addiction clinics (SerDs). The overall SVR rate was 95.4%. The SerDs group achieved an SVR rate of 96.2% compared with 91.6% of the non-SerDs group (P < 0.001). Comparison with the non-SerDs group and the control HCV group showed a significant difference in the dropout rate (0.6% in the SerDs group versus 2.8% in the non-SerDs group and 1.2% in the control group; P < 0.001). At multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with SVR were use of the most recent regimens (elbasvir/grazoprevir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, and sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir; odds ratio: 3.126; P 5 0.000) and belonging to the SerDs group (odds ratio: 2.356; P 5 0.002). DISCUSSION: The performance of DAAs in PWUD is excellent, if 2 conditions are met: (i) that the latest generation drugs are used and (ii) that the patients are managed within the SerDs.

Motor and sports education supports a fundamental element in the educational growth of each child, and guarantees the acquisition of motor and pedagogical-relational skills, essential for an effective social integration of children in the surrounding environment. Therefore, school should be the main place where these skills are learned, especially at primary level; in this regard, this research contribution aims at evaluating the progresses of a sample class, which is given an experimental motor and sports design in order to obtain a pedagogical progress. The pursued outcomes are proposed both as a starting point for future scientific research in the educational field, and as a valid support for requesting pedagogical proposals from the decision makers of the education and training system.

The concept of well-being can be now extended to all social environments that provide a relational system between the various individuals, and among these environments, one of the most important is certainly school. The purpose of this contribution is to show the concept of school well-being and then analyze if an experimental proposal of a sports laboratory could be an effective pedagogical strategy, capable of improving the level of well-being for students. In this regard, at primary school level, a laboratory activity on water polo was provided, and through the QBS-B questionnaire, the change in the level of school well-being perceived by the students, from the "pre" Laboratory period to the "post" one, was assessed.