Search

In this work, we present 5 cases of Kennedy Class I patients with atrophic posterior mandible treated with the placement of 01 short WS Neodent® implant and a healing screw to support the removable prosthesis, transforming them into Kennedy Class III pati

RESUMO Introdução: As Ligas Acadêmicas de Cirurgia Plástica (LCP) são organizações estudantis que objetivam complementar a formação acadêmica em cirurgia plástica. Atuam por meio dos pilares de ensino, pesquisa e extensão que promovem o contato dos estudantes com a realidade social em que estão inseridos, permitindo-os entender as verdadeiras necessidades da população e atuar como agentes de transformação social. No entanto, a abordagem do tema na literatura ainda é incipiente. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever a atuação das LCP vinculadas à Associação Brasileira das Ligas de Cirurgia Plástica (ABLCP). Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, multicêntrico de abordagem qualiquantitativa, mediante a aplicação de um questionário de 19 perguntas construídas de modo a evitar os vieses demonstrados no Catálogo de Vieses em Questionários. Resultados: Foi observado que existem 78 LCPs e 1873 ligantes, presentes em 58 cidades ao longo de 20 estados, sendo a Região Sudeste com o maior número de ligas e ligantes, já a Região Norte apresenta a menor quantidade de ligas e alunos. Além do mais, foi visto que 78,2% das ligas são vinculadas à ABLCP e apresentam atividades nos três eixos (educação, pesquisa e extensão). Em geral, as ligas têm menos participação em pesquisa. Conclusão: A ABLCP objetiva melhorar a performance das ligas, inspecionar e estimular suas atividades, uma vez que as ligas possuem um papel importante na educação médica. ABSTRACT Introduction: The Academic Leagues are non-profit autonomous civil and scientific student entities, of indefinite duration, which brings together medical students and professors. The Brazilian Association of Plastic Surgery Leagues (ABLCP) is an organization linked to the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP), considered its academic segment, thus establishing the proximity between Academic Leagues of Plastic Surgery (PSL) and SBCP. The present study aims to describe the profile of the associated leagues. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study with qualitative and quantitative approach through application of an online questionnaire with 19 questions. Duplicated or unfinished records were excluded. Results: It was observed that there are 78 PSLs and 1873 binders, present in 58 cities arranged in 20 federative units, being the Southeast region with the largest number of alloys and binders and the one with the smallest number was the North region. In addition, it was observed that 78.2% of the PSLs linked to the ABLCP presented activities in the three axes (Education, Research and Extension/Assistance) simultaneously. In general, the Leagues obtained less participation in research. Conclusions: ABLCPs performance in relation to LCPs has the objective of seeking alignment, inspection and stimulus for their activities, since alloys have an important role in medical education.

A computational approach to judiciously predict high-entropy alloys (HEAs) as an efficient and sustainable material class for the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen is here presented. The approach employs density functional theory (DFT), adsorption energies of N atoms and N2 molecules as descriptors of the catalytic activity and deep neural networks. A probabilistic approach to quantifying the activity of HEA catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is described, where catalyst elements and concentration are optimized to increase the probability of specific atomic arrangements on the surfaces. The approach provides key features for the effective filtering of HEA candidates without the need for time-consuming calculations. The relationships between activity and selectivity, which correlate with the averaged valence electron concentration and averaged electronegativity of the reference HEA catalyst, are analyzed in terms of sufficient interaction for sustained reactions and, at the same time, for the release of the active site. As a result, a complete list of 3000 HEAs consisting of quinary components of the elements Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn are reported together with their metrics to rank them from the most likely to the least likely active catalysts for NRR in gas diffusion electrodes, or for the case where non-aqueous electrolytes are utilized to suppress the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Moreover, the energetic landscape of the electrochemical NRR transformations are computed and compared to the case of Fe. The study also analyses and discusses how the results would translate to liquid-solid reactions in aqueous electrochemical cells, further affected by changes in properties upon hydroxylation, oxygen, hydrogen, and water coverages.

Valencia, del 8 al 11 de septiembre de 2021. El tema principal tuvo como lema: “La huella Humana en la Naturaleza”., Las colecciones científicas son una infraestructura de investigación única e irremplazable para numerosas áreas de la ciencia. En la actualidad, se estima que en el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales se conservan 10 millones de especímenes, lo que suponen casi la mitad de todos los conservados en España. Esta infraestructura científica o este tesoro, como puede ser llamado, se ha reunido principalmente a lo largo del último siglo, y se debe al trabajo conjunto de muchos especialistas, estudiosos e interesados en diferentes disciplinas de las ciencias naturales. En esta ponencia se quiere poner en valor la aportación de los socios de la RSEHN en el incremento y desarrollo de las colecciones científicas del MNCN. Se ha realizado un análisis preliminar de los fondos de las diferentes colecciones del MNCN y de los ingresos efectuados por los socios de RSEHN desde su fundación (1871) hasta el momento en que abandona el MNCN (1971). Se realizó en cada una de ellas una consulta de los diferentes colectores y personas que aportaron especímenes y que aparecen en las bases de datos, cruzándola con la base de datos de socios durante dicho periodo. Se ha contabilizado el número de especímenes, número de tipos y taxones correspondientes a éstos. La cifra de socios total supera el centenar. El número de ejemplares ingresados por estos socios, entre esas fechas, se estima que superan el millón y medio, lo que supone al menos un 15% del total actual estimado. Hay que tener en cuenta que las colecciones no se encuentran informatizadas al 100%.

This paper estimates the Brazilian Amazon’s carbon-efficient forestation -- i.e. when farmers internalize the social cost of carbon. We propose a dynamic discrete choice model of land use and estimate it using a panel of land use and carbon stock of 5.7 billion pixels between 2008 and 2017. Business-as-usual implies an inefficient release of 44 gigatons of CO2 in the long run resulting from deforestation of an area twice the size of France. We find that relatively small carbon taxes can mitigate a substantial part of inefficient deforestation. We show that targeted mitigation efforts on areas with the largest potential for emission reductions can be very effective. We also find that while taxing cattle production can abate emissions, taxing crops is virtually innocuous.

Additional file 7 : Table S5. Cost parameters used in the economic model.

En la figura 1B de ARCONADA, DEANDRÉS& ARAUJO (2019) publicado en Iberus, 37(2), se ilustran 3 ejemplares de Omphiscola glabra procedentes de un arroyo de la provincia de Lugo y que pertenecen a la colección Julio Álvarez. El ejemplar más a la izquierda es un ejemplar de mayor tamaño, de 8,4 mm, y los dos restantes de 4,5 mm. En julio de 2019, Josep Quintana del Institut Catalá de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, nos ha alertado de la posibilidad de que algunos de los ejemplares de la figura1B se correspondan con conchas del género Cochlicopa y no con O. glabra. Gracias al aviso de J. Quintana, hemos revisado de nuevo este lote (MNCN15.05/11553)de Lugo y hemos podido comprobar que de los 10 ejemplares que contiene, hay 5 de O.glabra(4 adultos y 1 juvenil) y otros 5 de C. lubrica, un caracol terrestre de la familia Cochlicopidae. El ejemplar de mayor tamaño de la figura 1B es claramente O. glabra, por su tamaño y proporciones relativas. Sin embargo, los 2 ejemplares ilustrados más pequeños se corresponden con C. lubrica. Por tanto, este lote contendría originalmente las dos especies mezcladas. Se han separado los ejemplares de Cochlicopay a este lote se le ha asignado un nuevo número de colección (MNCN 15.05/89214). Este lote contiene etiquetas manuscritas de Álvarez que indican “D.G. Ganadería” y “Lugo”. En la página 9 de ÁLVAREZ (1965) se indica que el colector del lote “Lugo” es Jerónimo Macho, y en las páginas 11 y 13 se especifica que los ejemplares recogidos por Macho son “4 ejemplares jóvenes, casi adultos, de Lugo, pertenecientes a la forma típica y a las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid”. En el momento de la publicación de nuestro artículo no advertimos la diferencia en el número de ejemplares, 10 en el lote original del MNCN frente a los 4 mencionados por ÁLVAREZ (1965),y dimos por hecho que se trataba del lote de J. Macho (ARCONADAETAL., 2019). La referencia a la “D.G. Ganadería” en estas etiquetas introduce mayor confusión, puesto que según ÁLVAREZ(1965), esta entidad cede ejemplares de Hermun de (Lugo), un lote que ya existe en la colección del MNCN (15.05/11552) (véase Tabla I de ARCONADAETAL., 2019).Caben dos posibles hipótesis para explicar el error: que el lote de Lugo de J. Machono se haya encontrado en la colección del MNCN, o que el lote MNCN15.05/11553 fuera el original de Macho y Álvarez hubiera mezclado ejemplares de distintas procedencias.

Additional file 8 : Table S6. Vaccine efficacy per strain and per age group.

Additional file 9 : Table S7. Public health and economic impact of the QIV strategy compared to TIV. Costs and ICER are given in 2017 US dollars.

Additional file 4 : Table S2. Historical coverage rates per age-groups over the period 2010–2017 in Brazil.

Additional file 6 : Table S4. Life expectancy and utility parameters.

Toda persona con inquietud puede encontrar en El viaje del Beagle, el diario que Charles Darwin escribió durante su travesía en ese barco, una inagotable fuente de inspiración, tanto si le interesa el mundo natural como si su interés se dirige a la religión, la política, la sociología o los viajes. Los autores de este artículo hacen un maravilloso recorrido por las referencias y comentarios de animales invertebrados que Darwin refiere en su diario y que también se encuentran en las colecciones del MNCN.

Additional file 10 : Table S8. Single year impact of the switch from TIV to QIV in the pediatric population. In this analysis the model is run on each influenza season separately. The population in the QIV scenario and the basecase scenario starts each year with the same immune status, hence there is no additional build-up of naturally acquired immunity in the population vaccinated with TIV as it happens when simulations are performed over multiple years.

Additional file 5 : Table S3. Health outcomes probabilities.

576 p. : 29 cm; Publicado en Madrid; Ignacio Doadrio, Rafael Araujo y Javier I. Sánchez-Almazán (eds.), Fruto de la Ilustración, el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales se funda en 1771, por orden de Carlos III, y se inaugura al público con gran éxito en 1776. Su finalidad fue mostrar objetos y animales curiosos y raros, muchos de los cuales solo se conocían por referencias en relatos de viajeros, militares y comerciantes. Sus fondos estaban compuestos, en su mayor parte, por las fabulosas colecciones que el rey adquirió al comerciante Pedro Franco Dávila, todavía conservadas hoy, a pesar de los avatares históricos. Es probablemente el museo de historia natural más antiguo de los existentes, con casi 250 años de historia, donde se pueden admirar más de 10 millones de piezas de gran valor patrimonial, artístico y científico, así como unas 350.000 especies animales. Algunas de ellas se exhiben en el propio Museo y el resto en otros muchos museos e instituciones de toda España. En la actualidad las colecciones tienen su razón de ser, ante todo, por su interés científico, revitalizado por las nuevas técnicas de estudio y por la crisis de biodiversidad en el Antropoceno. A través de las colecciones se puede determinar cómo influyen las actividades humanas en la aparición de enfermedades y parásitos o la adaptación y supervivencia de poblaciones y especies. Las colecciones del Museo están activamente integradas en redes europeas y ofrecen a los investigadores la oportunidad de manejar datos a gran escala sobre áreas de gran diversidad. La creación de nuevas colecciones, como las de sonidos, imágenes o tejidos y ADN, ha abierto nuevos campos para el estudio y asegura el desarrollo de la investigación futura en las ciencias naturales. El lector tiene así la oportunidad, a través de estas páginas, de recorrer el rico patrimonio que proporcionan las piezas custodiadas en las colecciones de Historia Natural del MNCN, descubrir su interés científico actual y las perspectivas de futuro en un mundo tecnológico que necesitará datos de toda índole para completar el saber humano.

Rhodeus amarus is a cyprinid fish that spawns in the mantle cavity of freshwater mussels, resulting in a fitness cost to the host mussel. Rhodeus amarus is expanding its geographic range in Europe, hence the exposure of different freshwater mussel species to R. amarus is also rising. This expansion of contact creates potential risk to affected mussels, and especially for mussel species already facing extinction risk. Here, we review the expansion of R. amarus in Europe and the mussel species that are known hosts for R. amarus. We discuss the potential danger of this expansion into new areas that are inhabited by spatially restricted mussel species, and we confirm that the critically endangered Margaritifera auricularia is now a host for R. amarus.

[Introduction] Two classes of molluscs occur in Palaearctic freshwater habitats: Gastropoda and Bivalvia. Molluscs are present in most Palaearctic freshwater habitats. Frequently terrestrial snails fall into aquatic habitats, and care should be taken not to confuse them with aquatic taxa. Many taxa are protected by local and regional conservation and/or fishing laws, and several invasive species have been reported in Palaearctic waters. Freshwater mollusc identification is primarily based on shell morphology. However, shell shape can be modified substantially by water currents, available minerals, and predatory pressures (summarized in Rogers & Wethington, 2007). Consequently, we recommend that identifications be based on a series of specimens when possible., [Limitations] Freshwater mollusc identification is primarily based on shell morphology. However, shell shape can be modified substantially by water currents, available minerals, and predatory pressures (summarized in Rogers & Wethington, 2007). Consequently, we recommend that identifications be based on a series of specimens when possible., [Material preparation and preservation] Empty shells should be gently cleaned using ethyl alcohol and water. Shells can be air dried. Whole animals and soft-tissue samples should be preserved according to the recommendations described below for each class.

576 p. : 29 cm; Publicado en Madrid, Fruto de la Ilustración, el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales se funda en 1771, por orden de Carlos III, y se inaugura al público con gran éxito en 1776. Su finalidad fue mostrar objetos y animales curiosos y raros, muchos de los cuales solo se conocían por referencias en relatos de viajeros, militares y comerciantes. Sus fondos estaban compuestos, en su mayor parte, por las fabulosas colecciones que el rey adquirió al comerciante Pedro Franco Dávila, todavía conservadas hoy, a pesar de los avatares históricos. Es probablemente el museo de historia natural más antiguo de los existentes, con casi 250 años de historia, donde se pueden admirar más de 10 millones de piezas de gran valor patrimonial, artístico y científico, así como unas 350.000 especies animales. Algunas de ellas se exhiben en el propio Museo y el resto en otros muchos museos e instituciones de toda España. En la actualidad las colecciones tienen su razón de ser, ante todo, por su interés científico, revitalizado por las nuevas técnicas de estudio y por la crisis de biodiversidad en el Antropoceno. A través de las colecciones se puede determinar cómo influyen las actividades humanas en la aparición de enfermedades y parásitos o la adaptación y supervivencia de poblaciones y especies. Las colecciones del Museo están activamente integradas en redes europeas y ofrecen a los investigadores la oportunidad de manejar datos a gran escala sobre áreas de gran diversidad. La creación de nuevas colecciones, como las de sonidos, imágenes o tejidos y ADN, ha abierto nuevos campos para el estudio y asegura el desarrollo de la investigación futura en las ciencias naturales. El lector tiene así la oportunidad, a través de estas páginas, de recorrer el rico patrimonio que proporcionan las piezas custodiadas en las colecciones de Historia Natural del MNCN, descubrir su interés científico actual y las perspectivas de futuro en un mundo tecnológico que necesitará datos de toda índole para completar el saber humano.

[ES] Omphiscola glabra (Müller, 1774) es un gasterópodo de agua dulce de la familia Lymnaeidae que ha permanecido ignorado entre la fauna malacológica española hasta que, debido a una reciente revisión de las colecciones malacológicas del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid, se han descubierto unos lotes históricos procedentes del norte de la Península Ibérica. Estos mismos lotes ya fueron estudiados por ÁLVAREZ(1965), pero la publicación resultante describiendo la presencia de esta especie en España y su variabilidad conquiológica ha pasado desapercibida para los investigadores. Con este trabajo se confirma la presencia en España de O. glabray se amplía el área de distribución de la especie en Europa. Este trabajo constituye un primer punto de arranque para el estudio de esta especie en la Península Ibérica y su futura catalogación como especie protegida., [EN] Omphiscola glabra(Müller, 1774) is a freshwater gastropod of the Lymnaeidae family that has remained unknown among the Spanish malacological fauna until, due to a recentreview of the malacological collections of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of Madrid, we have discovered several historical lots from the north of the Iberian Peninsula.These same lots were already studied by ÁLVAREZ(1965), but the resulting publication, describing the presence of this species in Spain and its conchological variability, has goneunnoticed by researchers. This work confirms the presence in Spain of O. glabraandexpands the distribution area of the species in Europe. This work constitutes a first starting point for the study of this species in the Iberian Peninsula and its future cataloguing as a protected species.

see pdf or extended abstract

The (U. foucauldianus + U. delphinus) + U. tigridis, U. ravoisieri, U. mancus, U. elongatulus, U. pictorum lineage This lineage was the most complex within the genus (Fig. 1). All morphospecies were recovered as monophyletic groups, although some had high levels of within-clade diversity and phylogenetic structuring. The relationships among lineages, however, were not well supported. The first well-supported clade of this lineage included two closely related morphospecies with a genetic distance of 3.32% (Fig. 1; Table 1): U. delphinus from Atlantic Iberia and U. foucauldianus from Atlantic and Mediterranean Morocco (Fig. 2). The network analysis showed a minimum of 24 steps separating the two species (Supporting Information, Fig. S4). There was greater Atlantic/South differentiation in U. delphinus (no shared haplotypes between the 2 regions and up to 24 substitutions among the most differentiated haplotypes) than in U. foucauldianus (in this case, the main haplotype was found in both the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins). Many of the U. delphinus and all of the U. foucauldianus specimens from Mediterranean Morocco had an elongated shell with a pictorum shape, while specimens from the Atlantic rivers of Morocco and southern Spain were more rounded, resembling the mancus shape (Figs 4, 5). The second clade comprised U. tigridis samples from Israel (Lake Kinneret in the Jordan River basin) and Turkey (the Tersakan stream) (Fig. 2). The M-PTP analysis considered these samples as two different species (Fig. 1), with a genetic distance of 2.89% (Table 1). Only six specimens were analysed from this area, and the two haplotypes detected were separated by 32 substitutions (Supporting Information, Fig. S5). This species is typified by a short shell with anteriorly shifted umbos, which was observed in the Israeli specimens. The Turkish specimens resembled the U. mancus morph (Fig. 6). The next lineage combined the U. ravoisieri specimens into two subclades with a genetic distance of 2.55% (Table 1; Fig. 2). These subclades were also consistently recovered as distinct species in the bGMYC and M-PTP analyses. The two most frequent haplotypes (Supporting Information, Fig. S6) were separated by 18 steps. One of these haplotypes represented the Spanish samples, and was very close to a haplotype present in the Tunisian Kebir River (separated by only one step), and to one of the two divergent El Maaden haplotypes (separated by four steps). The shell of this species typically has a modified U. mancus shape, but the morphs we obtained were highly variable, especially those from the Spanish Ser River (Khalloufi et al., 2011: fig. 3). The clade consisting of U. mancus (Fig. 1) included specimens from Mediterranean basins in Spain (the The intraspecific divergences within species divided into different units were Unio crassus: 2.10, Unio pictorum: 0.72, Unio ravoisieri: 1.36, Unio tigridis: 0.96 and Unio gibbus: 1.18%. Ebro, Fluvi��, Ter, Sonella, Llobregat and J��car rivers), France (the H��rault and Argens rivers, the Tet River in the Basse Basin, Lake Bourget and the Ognon River, both within the Rh��ne Basin, many rivers in Corsica and the Atlantic rivers Charente, Seine and Dr��e, a tributary of the Loire) and Italy (many rivers in Sardinia) (Fig. 2). The network analysis showed haplotypes with some biogeographic incongruences (Supporting Information, Fig. S7). For instance, the J��car and Sonella rivers (eastern Spain) shared a haplotype with some French populations, but not with any of the northeastern Spanish populations. This high-frequency haplotype appeared in both Atlantic and Mediterranean French and Spanish rivers. Of the 15 different haplotypes found, five were exclusive to Sardinian-Corsican populations, one to the French Lake Bourget and one appeared with a high frequency in the Catalonian (eastern Spain) rivers. This species had a more rounded shell than the other Mediterranean species U. elongatulus, with the exception of specimens from northeastern Spain, Corsica and Sardinia, which were elongated (Figs 7, 8). The next clade included the U. elongatulus (Fig. 1) specimens from Mediterranean freshwaters in Italy (Po and Isonzo rivers and Alpine lakes), Croatia (Mirna and Zrmanja rivers, Bačinska Lake) and Albania (Scutari Lake) (Fig. 2). The Croatian haplotypes appeared at both ends of the network (Supporting Information, Fig. S8), therefore, shared haplotypes between Croatia and Italy would be expected. However, no haplotypes were shared among any of the specimens from these regions. The specimens had more elongated shells than other Mediterranean species (U. mancus) and a posterior umbo, although some populations had more rounded shells (Fig. 9). The last clade represented the species U. pictorum, which included two groups having a genetic distance of 2.38% (Table 1). The first group (1) consisted of specimens from Western and Central Europe (Lake Bourget in the Rh��ne Basin and the Adour, Seine, Oder, Danube and Thames basins), eastern Greece (Strymonas and Axios rivers and Lake Volvi), Ukraine (Teteriv at the Black Sea), Iran and Russia (Dzhankhot River at the Black Sea, Vyborg River in Karelia). The second group (2) comprised specimens from both western (Trichonida Lake at the Acheloos basin) and eastern (Axios River) Greece (Fig. 2). These two subclades were consistently recovered as distinct species in the bGMYC and M-PTP analyses. Up to 16 different haplotypes (Supporting Information, Fig. S9), with from one to a maximum of 23 substitutions, were found among the specimens of this species. There was a maximum of 8 steps of differentiation within group ���1��� and 17 between two of the three ���2��� haplotypes. The network shape of group ���1��� represented polymorphic populations with two relatively frequent haplotypes, one of which was only found in specimens from the Thames River and the other shared by samples as far away as Iran and Greece. Haplotypes found in the Danube and Dzhankhot rivers and in Lake Volvi seemed to derive from the latter one. This highly polymorphic species had a typical elongated shell. However, some specimens were very different, for example those from Strymonas River, Lake Volvi and the Axios River (within both clades). Some populations resembled U. mancus (Lake Volvi, Thichonida and Strymonas rivers) (Figs 10, 11)., Published as part of Araujo, Rafael, Buckley, David, Nagel, Karl-Otto, Garc��a-Jim��nez, Ricardo & Machordom, Annie, 2018, Species boundaries, geographic distribution and evolutionary history of the Western Palaearctic freshwater mussels Unio (Bivalvia: Unionidae), pp. 275-299 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 182 (2) on pages 280-286, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx039, http://zenodo.org/record/5713987, {"references":["Khalloufi N, Toledo C. Machordom A, Boumaiza M, Araujo R. 2011. The unionids of Tunisia: taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships, with redescription of Unio ravoisieri Deshayes, 1847 and U. durieui Deshayes, 1847. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 1 - 13."]}

The U. tumidus lineage The U.tumidus lineage included samples from European rivers (namely, the Seine, Danube, Rhine, Thames and Weser), a Swedish lake, the Izorka and Kovash rivers in Russia and the Dnieper River in Ukraine (Fig. 2). This species is absent from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. Samples from the Rhine and Thames rivers and Bjornsjon Lake (Sweden) shared the same haplotype (Supporting Information, Fig. S3). The species had an elongated shell with an anterior umbo, but a characteristic cuneiform posterior end with a descending dorsal posterior margin, which clearly distinguishes this taxon from the other species. Nevertheless, there were specimens with short shells that were very difficult to identify (Fig. 3). We did not have access to the Ukrainian and Russian shells., Published as part of Araujo, Rafael, Buckley, David, Nagel, Karl-Otto, Garc��a-Jim��nez, Ricardo & Machordom, Annie, 2018, Species boundaries, geographic distribution and evolutionary history of the Western Palaearctic freshwater mussels Unio (Bivalvia: Unionidae), pp. 275-299 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 182 (2) on page 280, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx039, http://zenodo.org/record/5713987

The U. tumidiformis + [ U. bruguierianus + ( U. ionicus + U. crassus )] lineage This lineage included two monophyletic groups with a COI genetic distance greater than 7.85%: a western group that included the endemic Iberian species U. tumidiformis (Fig. 2) and a second group (supported by a posterior probability of 0.99 and bootstrap values of 79 for ML and 94 for MP) comprising three morphospecies with a complex geographic structure (Fig. 1; Table 1). Up to nine haplotypes were found among the samples analysed for U. tumidiformis (Supporting Information, Fig. S10). Two were exclusive to the Portuguese Sado River but were close to some Spanish haplotypes. The most frequent haplotype was found in the Mira and Guadiana rivers. Within the second group, U. bruguierianus from eastern Greece (the Axios and Pinios rivers) (Fig. 2) was the sister species of U. ionicus + U. crassus (genetic distance of 4.28���4.45%), although this relationship was not highly supported. Unio ionicus lives in Albania and the Acheloos River (including Lake Lysimacheia) in western Greece (Fig. 2) and was the sister group of U. crassus (genetic distance of 4.30%). Unio crassus presented five subclades with a minimum divergence of 2.16% (Table 1) and haplotypes separated by at least 19 steps (Fig. 12). These five subclades included (1) U. crassus courtillierii Hattemann, 1859 from France and one sample from Sweden (both sequences obtained from GenBank); (2) samples from the Sofaditikos (Pinios catchment), Aliakmon/Aliakmonas and Sperchios rivers in eastern Greece; (3) Central European samples from the Rhine, Danube, and Rh��ne catchments; (4) samples from the Lissos River (eastern Greece); and (5) samples from western Turkey (Fig. 2). This group had the most complexity, which is also reflected in the bGMYC and M-PTP analyses in which up to six species were revealed. All U. crassus haplotypes were represented in a unique network (Fig. 12). No clear biogeographic structure was observed, and some haplotypes belonging to specimens from the same rivers had a high number of substitutions (up to 33). From the right end of Figure 12, three haplotypes from eastern Greece were assigned to U. bruguierianus. Three distinct haplotypes from western Greece and Albania were considered to represent U. ionicus. Three haplotypes were found from the Turkish locations analysed, but with a smaller genetic distance compared with the other haplotypes. A polymorphic shell shape was observed for U. bruguierianus: some specimens from the Axios and Pinios rivers had a shell shape resembling some pictorum specimens from the Axios River, while other specimens from the Pinios River were identical to some U. crassus specimens from the Lissos River or Turkey (Fig. 13). This polymorphic shell shape was also observed for U. ionicus and U. crassus (Figs 13, 14). Unio ionicus had an almost identical shell to some U. crassus specimens from the Sofaditikos (Pinios Basin), Sperchios and Lissos rivers in Greece. In contrast, other U. crassus specimens from the Lissos River and from Turkey presented an elongated shell shape. There were also specimens with and without sculpture in the umbo area from the same locality with the same haplotype, such as those from the Lissos River (Fig. 14). The coalescence-based molecular clock analyses for the species tree resulted in very broad temporal intervals for most of the clades. Although the results have to be interpreted with caution, they provide a broad temporal framework for the diversification of the group. The coalescence reconstruction (Fig. 15) placed the common ancestor of the Unio clade and the origin of the Western Palaearctic Unio in the Eocene. In fact, the Western Palaearctic species underwent two main cladogenetic events. The first event occurred in the Early Eocene (U. gibbus, U. durieui split), and the second during the Oligocene, involving the divergence of the most speciose clade. Most of the modern species appeared during the Miocene. The most recent cladogenetic event involved the U. delphinus and U. foucauldianus clade at the end of the Miocene (Messinian). Notably, the reconstructed species tree agrees with the general topology of the concatenated matrix analyses except in the phylogenetic position of U. tumidus. In the species tree, U. tumidus appeared with strong support as sister group of the U. tigridis + [U. pictorum, U. ravoisieri (U. mancus + U. elongatulus, U. delphinus + U. foucauldianus)] lineage (Fig. 15)., Published as part of Araujo, Rafael, Buckley, David, Nagel, Karl-Otto, Garc��a-Jim��nez, Ricardo & Machordom, Annie, 2018, Species boundaries, geographic distribution and evolutionary history of the Western Palaearctic freshwater mussels Unio (Bivalvia: Unionidae), pp. 275-299 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 182 (2) on pages 286-288, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx039, http://zenodo.org/record/5713987

Orientador: Ana Cláudia Rossi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o módulo de elasticidade do fêmur de ratos com osteoporose utilizando o teste mecânico e o cálculo computadorizado. Foram utilizadas 6 fêmeas de ratos da linhagem Wistar separadas em 2 grupos: SHAM, grupo controle com 3 ratas submetidas a cirurgia placebo; OVX, grupo com osteoporose induzida com 3 ratas submetidas a cirurgia de ovariectomia. Após a maturação das ratas até idade adulta, estas foram eutanasiadas no período de 120 dias após a cirurgia e o fêmur direito foi removido. O material coletado foi submetido ao exame de imagem realizado no microtomógrafo SkyScan 1174 e posteriormente ao teste mecânico de flexão na diáfise do osso na máquina de teste universal Instron 4411. Foi utilizado o software MIMICS para realizar os cálculos do módulo de elasticidade e densidade. Foi usado o teste t de Student para comparar as informações obtidas nos dois grupos. O tecido ósseo acometido por osteoporose possui valores de módulo de elasticidade, densidade mineral muito inferiores em relação ao tecido ósseo sadio, com diferença estatisticamente significativa (p

[EN]: A biography of Doctor Joaquín González Hidalgo (1839-1923), the main Spanish malacologist of the 19th and 20th centuries, is presented. In addition to important books on Spanish, South American and the Philippines molluscs, he described numerous mollusk species in the French journal Journal de Conchyliologie. This work aims to explain the complex personality of Dr. Hidalgo. We know that in addition to having lost his son in 1885, he had a series of problems to get his position as professor of malacology at the Central University, and his position in the Museum of Natural Sciences, positions that, for various reasons, were occupied by other people. For this, we have studied in detail the introductions that Hidalgo wrote in his different books, where we have found material, that although often repetitive, explains his relations with other Spanish and foreign naturalists. We also quote, often in quotation marks and in italics, his exact words, as well as we do with related texts from other authors. Another pretension of this article is to know why Hidalgo wrote, as introductions of many of his publications, hundreds of pages of revision of works of malacology that had been published so far, citing even works written in the sixteenth century. These revisions were called “Obras consultadas”. These revisions, long, sometimes disorderly, and always in constant change, were often accompanied by comments that Hidalgo poured against certain people, in chapters that he used to call “La malacología en España”. In short, this article suggests that the circumstances that accompanied Hidalgo in relation to the position he wanted to opt for, and the people who actually enjoyed it before him, are what made him repeat in his works the “Obras consultadas” until exhaustion, as well as the comments, sometimes very hurtful, against some Spanish colleagues, while repeating the praises that the foreign authors made of him and his work., [ES]: Se presenta una biografía del Doctor Joaquín González Hidalgo (1839-1923), el principal malacólogo español de los siglos XIX y XX. Además de importantes obras sobre los moluscos españoles, de América del Sur y Filipinas, describió numerosas especies de moluscos en la revista francesa Journal de Conchyliologie. Este trabajo pretende explicar la compleja personalidad del Dr. Hidalgo. Sabemos que además de haber perdido a su hijo en 1885, tuvo una serie de problemas a la hora de conseguir su plaza de profesor de malacología en la Universidad Central y su puesto en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales, puestos que, por diversas razones, fueron ocupados por otras personas. Para ello, hemos estudiado con detalle las introducciones que escribió Hidalgo en sus diferentes libros, donde se ha encontrado un material, que aunque muchas veces repetitivo, explica sus relaciones con otros naturalistas españoles y extranjeros. También citamos, muchas veces entre comillas y en letra cursiva, sus palabras exactas así como textos relacionados de otros autores. Otra pretensión de este artículo es conocer porqué Hidalgo escribió, antes de muchas de sus publicaciones, centenares de páginas de revisión de las obras de malacología que se habían publicado hasta el momento, citando incluso obras escritas en el siglo XVI. Estas revisiones llevaban el nombre de “Obras consultadas”. Esta recopilación, larga, a veces desordenada, y siempre en constante modificación, iba muchas veces acompañada de comentarios que durante una gran parte de su vida vertió Hidalgo contra determinadas personas en capítulos que solía llamar “La malacología en España”. En definitiva, este artículo sugiere que las circunstancias que acompañaron a Hidalgo las dos últimas décadas del siglo XIX en lo referente a la cátedra a la que quiso optar, y a las personas que en realidad la disfrutaron antes que él, son las que hicieron que repitiera en sus trabajos las “Obras consultadas” hasta la extenuación, así como los comentarios, a veces muy hirientes, contra algunos colegas españoles, mientras repetía los elogios que los autores extranjeros hicieron de él y su obra.

Se recopilan todas las entradas de material malacológico en las colecciones del MNCN desde su fundación como Real Gabinete de Historia Natural en 1771 hasta 1935. Dentro de este estudio se hace especial referencia a la colección de moluscos que Manuel Godoy (1767-1851), el Príncipe de la Paz, depositó en 1804 en el Real Gabinete de Historia Natural. Esta colección, originalmente compuesta por vertebrados, invertebrados, fósiles, minerales y plantas, le fue regalada a Godoy por Domingo Badía i Leblich, alias Alí Bey el Abbassí y Simón de Rojas Clemente, dos personajes de gran importancia en la historia del siglo XIX español. Aunque ha sido imposible localizar en la actual colección de moluscos del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales la mayoría de los ejemplares citados en el catálogo original, el trabajo ha permitido poner al día una información científica e histórica hasta hoy prácticamente desconocida. Por último, se reconoce como autor principal de esta colección al botánico Simón de Rojas Clemente, que dedicó más esfuerzos a la recolección de material que Alí Bey, más enfrascado en la preparación de su viaje al norte de África.

1. Freshwater mussels, historically a component of freshwater benthic invertebrate biomass, are one of the most imperilled animal groups on the planet. Margaritifera auricularia was once a common freshwater mussel inhabiting large rivers throughout Western Europe. It was believed to be extinct until 1996 when a few small populations were found in Spain and France. 2. Currently M. auricularia is one of the most endangered species in the world. The current status of this mollusc in the Ebro River was surveyed, finding a few adult specimens at only two localities, and many old, empty shells throughout the river. 3. Using a simple analysis of historical hydrological data, dramatic changes in water flow might have led to localized extirpation of this freshwater mussel. 4. Other factors contributing to the slow extirpation of this long-lived invertebrate from other areas of the Ebro Basin include the continuous reduction of water levels during the reproductive season, overharvesting for nacre, construction of impoundments, extinction of fish hosts, and impaired water quality.

Climate change affects the Arctic environment with regards to permafrost thaw, changes in the riverine runoff and subsequent export of fresh water and terrestrial material to the Arctic Ocean. In this context, the Fram Strait represents a major pathway for export to the Atlantic basin. We assess the potential of visible wavelength dissolved organic matter fluorescence (VIS-FDOM) to trace the origin of Arctic outflow waters. Oceanographic surveys were performed in the Fram Strait, as well as on the east Greenland shelf (following the East Greenland Current), in late summer 2012 and 2013. Meteoric (fmw), sea-ice melt (fsim), Atlantic (faw) and Pacific (fpw) water fractions were determined and FDOM components were identified by PARAFAC modeling. In Fram Strait and east Greenland shelf, a robust correlation between VIS-FDOM and fmw was apparent, suggesting it as a reliable tracer of polar waters. However, variability was observed in the origin of polar waters, in relation to contribution of faw and fpw, between the sampled years. VIS-FDOM traced this variability, and distinguished between the origins of the halocline waters as originating in either the Eurasian or Canada basins. The findings presented highlight the potential of designing in situ DOM fluorometers to trace the freshwater origins and decipher water mass dynamics in the region.

The Arctic Ocean plays an important role on the global hydrological and carbon cycles. It contributes 5–14% to the global balance of CO2 sinks and sources. Carbon is also cycled in the Arctic Ocean through the primary producers, with high primary production observed in the marginal ice zones, ice-free zones and melt ponds, with increased biogenic carbon export to the deep layers. Although being the smallest ocean basin, the Arctic Ocean receives ~11% of the global riverine runoff. Along with the freshwater, high loads of organic carbon are introduced in the Arctic Ocean. Most of it is observed in the fraction of dissolved organic matter (DOM). With the ongoing global warming, glacier melt and permafrost thaw are observed and pointed as the main drivers for increasing the freshwater discharge into the Arctic basin. Along side, permafrost thaw coupled with increased coastal erosion lead to an increase in mobilization of carbon from permafrost, which could have critical implications for microbial processes, primary production, terrestrial carbon fluxes to the shelf seas and, thus, carbon cycling in the Arctic. This thesis is focusing on tracing the mixing of DOM along the Siberian shelves and developing potential applications of DOM as an environmental tracer. Four main objectives have been pursed: (1) to quantify, characterize and assess the distribution and transformation of DOM across the river-shelf transition and provide insights into the fate of Arctic riverine DOM; (2) to assess the potential of DOM, especially its fluorescent fraction (FDOM), as a tracer of freshwater in the surface layers in the Arctic Ocean; (3) to characterize the non-water absorption in the surface central and eastern Arctic Ocean and further test whether bio-optical properties (such as absorption and reflectance) can reproduce hydrographical variability; (4) to evaluate the performance of ocean color algorithms frequently applied for studies in the Arctic Ocean using novel data from a central-eastern Arctic expedition. In the first study the fluorescent components of DOM isolated with PARAFAC model were characterized along the river to sea transition in the Laptev Sea and Lena River delta region. Results showed a strong dominance of visible wavelength DOM fluorescence (VIS-FDOM), which is associated to terrestrial signal (or humic-like compounds). The results corroborate previous reports showing strong removal of DOM at low salinity. However, our results showed that the removal occurs preferentially for VIS-FDOM, whereas ultraviolet wavelength FDOM (UV-FDOM, associated to autochthonous marine production) differed in behavior, with an increase during estuarine mixing. DOM removal occurred primarily in the surface layer, under direct influence of the Lena River runoff (salinity

Climate change affects the Arctic environment with regards to permafrost thaw, sea-ice melt, alterations to the freshwater budget and increased export of terrestrial material to the Arctic Ocean. The Davis Strait, together with the Fram Strait, represents the major gateways connecting the Arctic and Atlantic. Oceanographic survey was performed in the Davis Strait in late summer 2013, where hydrographical data and water samples were collected. Meteoric (fmw), sea-ice melt, Atlantic (faw) and Pacific (fpw) water fractions were determined. The underlying fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (FDOM) were characterized by applying Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), which isolated three fluorescent components. Visible wavelength FDOM (VIS-FDOM), associated to terrestrial humic-like material, was capable of tracing the Arctic outflow due to high values observed in association to Arctic Polar waters (PW) exiting through Davis Strait. Furthermore, VIS-FDOM was correlated to apparent oxygen utilization and traced deep-water turnover of DOM and also allowed to distinguish between surface waters from eastern (Atlantic + modified PW) and western (Canada-basin PW) sectors. The presented findings highlight the potential of designing in situ DOM fluorometers to trace the freshwater origins and decipher water mass mixing dynamics in the region and the potential of FDOM as a biogeochemical tracer.

Under future climate change scenarios, Arctic coastal waters are believed to receive higher terrestrial organic matter (OM) fluxes. Permafrost carbon is increasingly mobilized upon thaw from rivers draining permafrost terrain and from eroding permafrost coasts. Once received, the coastal waters are the transformation zone for terrestrial OM, although quantities, especially those of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released by coastal erosion, are largely unknown. This nearshore zone plays a crucial role in Arctic biogeochemical cycling, as here the released material is destined to be (1) mineralized into greenhouse gases, (2) incorporated into marine primary production, (3) buried in nearshore sediments or (4) transported offshore. In this presentation, we show data on DOM quantities in surface water in the nearshore zone of the southern Beaufort Sea from two consecutive summer seasons under different meteorological conditions. Colored dissolved organic matter (cDOM) properties help to differentiate the terrestrial from the marine DOM component. Figure 1 shows DOC concentrations and salinities for 23 and 24 days in the summer seasons of 2013 and 2014, respectively. DOC concentrations in the nearshore zone of the southern Beaufort Sea vary between about 1.5 and 5 mg C L-1. In the Lena River Delta, bay water, river water, and permafrost meltwater creeks yielded similar values between 5.8 and 5.9 mg C L-1 (Dubinenkov et al., 2015). Similarly, Fritz et al. (2015) found DOC concentrations in ice wedges between 1.6 and 28.6 mg C L-1. In 2013, the first half of July was characterized by low salinity between 8 and 15 psu and high DOC concentrations of 3.5 to 5 mg C L-1. Then, a sudden change in water properties occurred after a major storm which lasted for at least 2 days. This storm led to strongly decreased DOC (1.5 to 2.5 mg C L-1) concentration and increasing salinity (14 to 28 psu) in surface water, probably due to upwelling In 2014, a more stable situation in both salinity and DOC prevailed, with relatively high salinity (23 to 29 psu) and low DOC concentration (1.5 to 2.5 mg C L-1). This pattern was due to rather windy and wavy conditions throughout the whole season. The water column in 2014 was likely well-mixed and DOC-poor because saline waters have probably been transported from the offshore to the nearshore. We recognized a significant negative correlation between DOC and salinity, independent from varying meteorological conditions. In general, this suggests a conservative mixing between DOC derived from terrestrial/permafrost runoff and marine DOC. The low salinity in July 2013 was probably due to prolonged sea-ice presence in the sampled area. This leads to the assumption that DOC also originates from melting sea ice. Quantitatively more important will be terrestrial runoff which is relatively rich in DOC. A stable stratification in the nearshore zone and calm weather conditions will increase the influence of terrestrial-derived DOM. The strength of the terrestrial influence can be estimated by salinity measures as they directly correlate with DOC concentrations; the lower the salinity the stronger the terrestrial influence. We conclude that the terrestrial imprint of coastal erosion on DOM concentrations in the nearshore zone is significant. We see that DOC concentrations are significantly elevated also compared to riverine input in front of river mouths and deltas. Meteorological conditions play a major role for the strength of the terrestrial DOM signal, which can vary on short timescales. Our approach is different from ship-based oceanography because we study DOM that is directly derived from thawing permafrost coasts, explicitly excluding rivers. When qualifying DOM origin from permafrost landscapes apart from rivers we have to take into consideration the different DOM mobilization pathways. 1) Surface runoff and near-surface groundwater flow mainly drain and flush the active layer. 2) Melting ground ice releases DOM. 3) Ground ice meltwater leaches DOM from sedimentary OM upon permafrost thaw on land. 4) DOM is leached from sedimentary OM upon contact with sea water. The latter three will mobilize old OM which is believed to be highly bioavailable (see Vonk et al., 2013a, b). References: Dubinenkov, I., Flerus, R., Schmitt-Kopplin, P., Kattner, G., Koch, B.P., 2015. Origin-specific molecular signatures of dissolved organic matter in the Lena Delta. Biogeochemistry 123, 1-14. Fritz, M., Opel, T., Tanski, G., Herzschuh, U., Meyer, H., Eulenburg, A., Lantuit, H., 2015. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Arctic ground ice. The Cryosphere 9, 737-752. Vonk, J.E., Mann, P.J., Davydov, S., Davydova, A., Spencer, R.G.M., Schade, J., Sobczak, W.V., Zimov, N., Zimov, S., Bulygina, E., Eglinton, T.I., Holmes, R.M., 2013a. High biolability of ancient permafrost carbon upon thaw. Geophysical Research Letters 40, 2689-2693. Vonk, J.E., Mann, P.J., Dowdy, K.L., Davydova, A., Davydov, S.P., Zimov, N., Spencer, R.G.M., Bulygina, E.B., Eglinton, T.I., Holmes, R.M., 2013b. Dissolved organic carbon loss from Yedoma permafrost amplified by ice wedge thaw. Environmental Research Letters 8, 035023.

Connectivity between the terrestrial and marine environment in the Artic is changing as a result of climate change, influencing both freshwater budgets and the supply of carbon to the sea. This study characterizes the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within the Lena Delta region and evaluates the behavior of DOM across the fresh water-marine gradient. Six fluorescent components (four humic-like; one marine humic-like; one protein-like) were identified by Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) with a clear dominance of allochthonous humic-like signals. Colored DOM (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were highly correlated and had their distribution coupled with hydrographical conditions. Higher DOM concentration and degree of humification were associated with the low salinity waters of the Lena River. Values decreased towards the higher salinity Laptev Sea shelf waters. Results demonstrate different responses of DOM mixing in relation to the vertical structure of the water column, as reflecting the hydrographical dynamics in the region. Two mixing curves for DOM were apparent. In surface waters above the pycnocline there was a sharper decrease in DOM concentration in relation to salinity indicating removal. In the bottom water layer the DOM decrease within salinity was less. We propose there is a removal of DOM occurring primarily at the surface layer, which is likely driven by photodegradation and flocculation.

[EN] Our current research proposal focuses on nacre plates discovered at the 4th century Hispano-Roman rural residential complexes. Consequently, we have developed a first approach to cataloging and typological characterization of this noble and foreign raw material, referred to the Caucensis site of Las Pizarras (Segovia). The discovery of a representative amount of nacre in this Roman >uilla> throughout the archaeological campaigns, has become vital: this has enabled us to develop a nacre typology and clarify the possible uses and locations within the Roman ornamental architecture. The malacological analysis reveals the existence of a single family of bivalves (>Pteriidae>). As a result of expanding the scope of the study to a Hispano-Roman outlook, the results provide little information, so far., [ES] Nuestra actual propuesta de investigación centra su análisis en las placas de nácar halladas en los complejos residenciales rurales hispanorromanos del siglo IV d. C. Para ello, hemos desarrollado una primera aproximación a la catalogación y caracterización tipológica de este noble y foráneo material, tomando como referencia el yacimiento caucense de Las Pizarras (Segovia). El hallazgo continuado de placas recortadas de nácar, hasta constituir un lote representativo en este enclave, ha resultado esencial para desarrollar una tipología y esclarecer los posibles usos y localizaciones dentro de la arquitectura ornamental romana. Su análisis malacológico revela la existencia de una única familia de bivalvos (>Pteriidae>). Al ampliar el ámbito de estudio al panorama hispanorromano, los resultados aportan una reducida información, por el momento.

The Arctic Ocean consists of a large pool of dissolved organic matter (DOM), receiving considerable input of terrigenous carbon mobilized from high latitude carbon-rich soils and peatlands. This study aims at characterizing the DOM fluorescent components in two Arctic environments: the Lena River delta region (September 2013) and the Polar (Arctic) waters in the Fram Strait (June 2014). In addition, optical indices of DOM modification were evaluated together with the amount of DOM (expressed as the absorption at 350nm; a350). The colored and fluorescent fractions of DOM (CDOM and FDOM, respectively) were analyzed using fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC modeling. The amount of DOM (a350) decreased with increasing salinity (varying from 15.7m-1 in the Lena delta to 0.34m-1 in the Fram strait), with strong removal at low salinity. Six fluorescent components were identified in the Lena delta region and three of those components were validated in the Fram Strait. The allochthonous humic-like signal was the dominant fraction of DOM within both sampled regions, with the highest relative contributions to total FDOM associated to low salinity. Conversely, autochthonous signal (e.g. protein- and/or marine humic-like) presented higher contribution in relation to total FDOM at high salinity. All the components were inversely related to salinity with the highest removal rates observed at low salinity. Optical indices of DOM modification (CDOM absorption slope, SUVA, fluorescence index, humification index and biological activity index) showed decrease on the humification degree and aromaticity of DOM towards high salinity. Strong removal at low salinity in the Lena delta region is presumed to be driven mostly by photodegradation and flocculation. The lower a350 values observed in the Fram strait indicates low removal through the Arctic Ocean. Further analyses will be conducted to evaluate the main drivers of the DOM removal through the open Arctic Ocean.

The connectivity between the terrestrial and marine environment in the Artic is changing as a result of climate change. This is influencing both freshwater budgets and the supply of carbon to sea. This study characterizes the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within the Lena Delta region across the fresh water-marine gradient. Six fluorescent components (four humic-like; one marine humic-like; one protein-like) were identified by Parallel Factor Analysis, with a clear dominance of humic-like signals in fresh waters. At higher salinities there was an increased autochthonous contribution. Colored DOM (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were highly correlated and, as a response to the hydrographical forcing, the region displayed a pseudo-conservative behavior of DOM in relation to salinity at marine-influenced sites; and a non-conservative behavior with evidence of considerable removal of DOM (up to 54%), likely driven by photodegradation and sorption/flocculation, at sites influenced by the Lena River plume. The latter mixing curve was split into three mixing regimes with regard to different amount and reactivity degree of DOM and to the factors driving DOM variability: 1) the low salinity regime (salinity>10) with high concentrations of DOM, dominated by highly reactive terrigenous contribution and characterized by rapid removal; 2) the intermediate regime (1025) showing the lowest DOM and an increased contribution of less reactive compounds, displaying a pseudo-conservative behavior, with relatively low removal/addition processes controlling the dilution of DOM.

The dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Lena River delta region (Laptev Sea, Siberia) were assessed by using the spectrofluoroscopy technique. Both the chromophoric and fluorescent fractions of DOM (CDOM and FDOM, respectively) were analyzed in relation to hydrography. Parallel factorial analysis (PARAFAC) showed the presence of six different components, with four humic-like components, 1 marine humic-like and one protein-like. The total CDOM (obtained by the absorption at 350nm, aCDOM) and also the six components detected by the PARAFAC analysis showed inverse relationship with salinity. The highest aCDOM values (10-15m-1) with the highest values associated to the Lena outflow and the lowest (-1) with the salty marine waters. However, all those parameters exhibited a non-conservative behavior in relation to salinity. In a general way, the total aCDOM showed to be removed within the study region. However, when looking at each of six components, different behaviors were presented by these components: most of the components were characterized by removal, except for the common humic-like A peak and the protein-like (autochthonous) that were released in almost all the samples.

Póster presentado en: 2nd International Seminar Rearing of unionoid mussels (Clervaux, Luxembourg - Tuesday 24th November – Friday 27th November 2015), Native unionids are among the most threatened groups, as a whole, of the fauna of the Iberian continental waters. Most species are currently in regression, and in fact many of these are cataloged at some level of threat, whether international, national or regional level. Several factors explain this situation, including the destruction or alteration of river habitats and declining water quality, but also the degradation of fish communities. In north-eastern Catalonia four species of naiads are considered native: Potomida littoralis, Unio mancus, Unio ravoisieri and Anodonta anatina. The conservation status of these species in Catalonia is uneven, but generally we can consider all of them highly threatened, given the clear regression observed in their distribution. Much of the historical citations are probably missing at present, or have become residual populations with very low population densities and often on the verge of local extinction due to lack of recent recruitment. In north-eastern Catalonia P. littoralis is in the worst situation, with only four known small populations, with a few observed living animals in each site. On the other hand, recently has been detected an exotic naiad, Sinanodonta woodiana, which is currently expanding. We give a general revision of the known populations of naiads on the area, on the basis of their current structure, and in relation with the recent evolution of local fish communities. In general, it is confirmed that the few native unionid populations with current regular recruitment are placed on river stretches with not severely modified fish communities. These fish communities are characterized by a stable presence of at least one native fish species, and also in general by the absence of exotic fish species, or at most a not stable presence. In contrast, the exotic S. woodiana is now expanding in areas where original fish communities are nowadays strongly altered, often without native fish species.

Orientador: Felippe Bevilacqua Prado Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os índices de antropologia forense aplicados em população brasileira leucoderma e faioderma, para investigação da ancestralidade e dimorfismo sexual. Este utilizou 128 tomografias de feixe cônico da área de Radiologia Oral da FOP/UNICAMP, 73 de indivíduos femininos e 55 de indivíduos masculinos, de idade entre 20 e 30 anos, com ancestralidade conhecida, sem patologia ou ausência dentária. Foi mensurado a altura e largura nasal para determinação do índice nasal, e os ângulos do prognatismo utilizando o software OnDemand3D (Cybermed, Irvine, EUA). Também foi realizada a mensuração do volume dos seios maxilares, em 4 grupos discriminados por sexo e ancestralidade. Foi utilizado o software R CRAN para a análise estatística, no qual realizou-se a análise discriminante sobre os ângulos do prognatismo e o índice nasal, onde a taxa de acerto foi de 66,6% para leucodermas e 4,76% para faiodermas. Para a capacidade volumétrica do seio maxilar foi aplicado o teste ANOVA seguido pelo teste post-hoc de Tukey, para os 4 grupos onde foi observado diferença significativa (p=0,00113) apenas entre os grupos faioderma masculino e feminino e o grupo faioderma masculino e leucoderma feminino. Para análise do dimorfismo sexual pelo volume do seio, foi aplicado um teste t de Student não pareado, no qual foi observado uma diferença significativa (p=0,0005), entretanto quando aplicado o teste t para análise da população faioderma e leucoderma, não foi observado diferença significativa (p>0,05). Este estudo concluiu que os ângulos do prognatismo não são parâmetros adequados para predição da ancestralidade em indivíduos leucodermas e faiodermas. Quanto à capacidade volumétrica dos seios maxilares, esta não obteve um bom desempenho na determinação da ancestralidade, mas foi significativa para o dimorfismo sexual Abstract: The objective of this study was analysis the indexes used in forensic anthropology applied in Brazilian leucoderm and faioderm people for investigation of ancestry and sexual dimorphism. This study used 128 cone-beam computed tomography scans from Oral Radiologic area of Piracicaba Dental School of the University of Campinas; witch 73 from females and 55 from males, aged between 20 and 30 years, with known ancestry without pathology or dental absence. The nasal height and width was measured to determine the nasal index and the prognathism angles described by Arbenz (1959) was measured. The volume of the maxillary sinuses was also measured on 4 groups classified by sex and ancestry. Was used the R CRAN software for statistical analysis, which was performed the discriminant analysis of the angles of prognathism and the nasal index, where the prediction rate was 66.60% for leucoderm and 45.76% for faioderm. For the volumetric capacity of the maxillary sinus was applied ANOVA followed by the post-hoc Tukey test for the 4 groups where it was observed significant difference (p = 0.00113) only between the male and female faioderm groups and the male faioderm group and female leucoderm. The analysis of sexual dimorphism in the sinus volume, we applied the unpaired Student's t test, in which we observed a significant difference (p = 0.0005), however when applied the unpaired Student's t test for analysis of population faioderm and leucoderm, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05). This study concluded that the prognathism angles are not a good parameter for predicting the ancestry in leucoderm and faioderm individuals. For the volumetric capacity of the maxillary sinuses, this not performed well in determining ancestry, but was significant for sexual dimorphism Mestrado Odontologia Legal e Deontologia Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental CAPES

Póster presentado en: 2nd International Seminar Rearing of unionoid mussels (Clervaux, Luxembourg - Tuesday 24th November – Friday 27th November 2015), In the northeast Catalonia, 4 native unionid species have been cited: Potomida littoralis (Cuvier, 1798), Unio mancus Lamarck, 1819, Unio ravoisieri Deshayes, 1847, and Anodonta anatina (L, 1758). Recently the exotic Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834), has been cited on Ter and Fluvià rivers. Between 1995 and 2014, several specific surveys were carried out, always below the Pasteral dam, both in the Ter river and in several of its tributaries, including Lake Banyoles. Moreover, from 2010 to 2014 a thorough freshwater bivalves prospection campaign was performed in the alluvial plain of lower Ter, including the river and secondary water masses, mainly irrigation channels associated with the traditional system of agricultural irrigation. The prospections were done by manually on the river bed bottom. All over since 2010 a total of 90 sampling stations has been surveyed in this alluvial plain. Status of native species is precarious, with populations intensely fragmented, and densities often low and heavily aged for lack of recruitment. This situation is clearly attributable to the severe rarefaction of native fish species, since in some areas even completely inexistent. In contrast, the exotic S. woodiana is expanding and occupies already the whole alluvial plain and the lower course of the Ter river, where it is very abundant. Moreover, S. woodiana presents a well-structured global population in the alluvial plain of Ter River and a regular recruitment can be observed thanks to the fact that several exotic fish species are abundant in the area, are potential hosts to them. This exotic unionoid appeared in most of the surveyed localities (81%), and was present in all the types of water bodies surveyed. In 16 % of the localities it was the only unionoid found, and it was present in all of the localities were other unionoid species were present. Specimens of this exotic species found alive constituted the 72 % of the total of alive unionoids collected during the surveying campaigns. Besides this species were quantitatively dominant in the whole of the alluvial plain. Therefore, it is the most spread and abundant unionoid species at present, often with very high densities. It presented a continuous distribution in the lower Ter river basin, as well as in the main irrigation canals.

Diapositivas de apoyo a la conferencia "Una breve historia de la colección de moluscos del MNCN con especial referencia a la colección de moluscos de Alí Bey", en las II Jornadas de la Vicedirección de Colecciones y Documentación del MNCN, celebradas en el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, 10-11 de marzo de 2015)., Elaboration of a whole list including all the malacological collection present in the MNCN-CSIC from its foundation as Real Gabinete de Historia Natural in 1771 until 1935. The scientific source are the archive of the MNCN and the book "El Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (1771-1935)" de Agustín J. Barreiro. It is also described the history, documentation and identification of the supposed specimens of Alí Bey at the collection., Elaboración de un listado de las entradas de moluscos en las colecciones del MNCN desde su fundación como Real Gabinete de Historia Natural en 1771 hasta 1935 teniendo como referencia el libro "El Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (1771-1935)" de Agustín J. Barreiro. También se describe la identificación y documentación de los ejemplares de la Colección Alí Bey.

The Lena is one of the largest rivers in the world and is responsible, through its outflow to the Laptev Sea, for a significant fraction of the total fresh water and organic matter discharge into the Arctic Ocean. With the known effects of climate change in the Arctic and associated increase of permafrost thaw rates, the Lena River discharge and consequent export of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the Arctic Ocean tends to increase. Such variations may affect the nutrients and carbon dynamics in the region with consequences for the primary production and the CO2 exchanges in the ocean-atmosphere boundary layer. Understanding the dynamics and optical properties of colored DOM (CDOM) is of great value for carbon cycle modelling since CDOM is the fraction of the DOM which interacts with light and can be detected by satellite ocean color remote sensing. In this context, this study aims to investigate the dynamics of CDOM regarding the hydrographical forcing in the Lena Delta region based on in situ data collected during the late summer 2013. Water column structure was assessed through temperature and salinity profiles acquired with CTD casts and the CDOM characterization and quantification were determined based on both absorption and fluorescence spectra obtained with a HORIBA© Aqualog spectrofluorometer. The CDOM absorption at 443nm (a443; used as a CDOM amount index) and the terrestrial and marine absorption slopes of CDOM [STER (275-295nm) and SMAR (350-400nm), respectively] were obtained based on the absorption spectra. The CDOM components were identified by analysis of the excitation-emission-matrices and based on the literature. a443 was directly (inversely) related with temperature (salinity), denoting the strong modulation of CDOM by the hydrographical forcing: the highest CDOM amounts with riverine compounds were related to the Lena River Plume, while the salty waters from Laptev Sea presented lower a443 and associated with marine compounds.

[ES] Se han encontrado algunos ejemplares de Margaritifera margaritifera en el curso alto del río Duero, en la provincia de Soria. Se trata de la cita más oriental de esta especie en la Península Ibérica y la única conocida en el cauce del río Duero. Únicamente se ha localizado un ejemplar vivo y uno recién muerto. Parecen ser los últimos ejemplares de una población de la que no se tenía noticia alguna, aunque según los habitantes de los pueblos ribereños existía hace años un elevado número de ejemplares en la zona final del embalse de Cuerda del Pozo, cerca de Molinos de Duero. Según los datos que se aportan en el presente trabajo, esa posible población está actualmente extinguida. [EN] A few specimens of Margaritifera margaritifera were found in upper Douro River, in the province of Soria. It is the most eastern record known for this species in the Iberian Peninsula and the only population known in the course of the Douro River. We have only located two specimens, one live and other just died. It seems to be the last specimens of an unknown population. Local people tell that some years ago, there was a large number of specimens near of the Cuerda del Pozo reservoir, close to Molinos de Duero village. According to data reported in this paper, this possible population is currently extinct.

Diapositivas de apoyo a la conferencia "Las colecciones malacológicas del MNCN: la incorporación a sus fondos de la Colección Javier Conde", en las I Jornadas de la Vicedirección de Colecciones y Documentación del MNCN, celebradas en el Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid, 4-5 de febrero de 2014), Historical development and formation of the malacological collections of the MNCN-CSIC. Storage of the specimens and preservation, scientific utility,… The admission process of the Javier Conde collection, the last big collection incorporated, is also detailed., Recorrido por la formación y desarrollo histórico de las colecciones malacológicas del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, así como su almacenamiento y conservación, su utilidad científica, etc. Además se describe paso a paso el proceso de admisión de la Colección malacológica Javier Conde.

[ES] Se estudian las faunas recuperadas en el sector PP4-Montelirio del yacimiento calcolítico de Valencina de la Concepción, distinguiendo aquellas recuperadas en tumbas con restos humanos de los depósitos carentes de éstos. En las segundas se documenta un espectro de mamíferos similar al del registro funerario lo que sin embargo difiere en las especies de moluscos y en determinadas faunas como las astas de ciervo, parte de un bucráneo de un carnero o el tritón (Charonia lampas) que apuntan al carácter simbólico de los depósitos funerarios. Un tercio de las 61 estructuras funerarias presenta la valva cóncava de la viera (género Pecten) y, en menor medida, lapas de la especie Cymbula nigra. Ambas especies, que interpretamos como ajuares, se sitúan siempre próximas a algún inhumado. La presencia recurrente de vieras pudiera asociarse con la identidad de determinados individuos. La totalidad de las especies documentadas en este estudio, a excepción del uro (Bos primigenius), se encuentran actualmente en la zona., [EN] This paper reviews the faunas retrieved at the PP4-Montelirio sector of the Chalcolithic site of Valencina de la Concepción, setting apart remains found in association with or without human bones. Although the structures of non-funerary character exhibit a similar mammalian profile to those of funerary nature, the molluscs and some items such as red deer antlers, a ram’s bucranium or the triton (Charonia lampas) seem to have a clear symbolic nature. A third of the 61 funerary structures incorporate the concave valve of scallops (Genus Pecten), and, less often, limpet shells of the species Cymbula nigra. These two taxa, considered as funerary offers, are always placed next to some of the inhumations. The prevalence of scallops in the tombs may constitute an identity sign for the members of this community. All the species documented in our study, with the sole exception of the aurochs (Bos primigenius), are still to be found in the region., Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto HAR 2011-28731, Plan Nacional I+D+i del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Gobierno de España.

Francisco Welter-Schultes, autor de la página Web AnimalBase (www.animalbase.org). se ha atrevido a publicar una gula ilustrada de los moluscos continentales Europeos, una labor casi enciclopédica con precedentes decimonónicos tan ilustres como Rossmassler o VVesterlund. Se trata de un gran libro en todos los sentidos, con información sobre más de 2.000 especies de moluscos, 32 páginas de referencias bibliográficas, un Indice de 12 páginas y 78 láminas de identificación rápida de las especies. Todas las láminas, así como las 1.500 fotografias de las especies y sus mapas de distribución correspondientes, son a todo color. En la página 679 incluye el autor una lámina con las especies de moluscos más frecuentes en Europa.