Search

Archeological Dark Earths (ADEs) are fertility soils that are notoriously superior to the vast majority of soils typical of the Amazon region. The study on ADEs has intensified due to the good characteristics presented by these soils, such as high concentration of nutrients (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium). In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes in an area of black archeological earth soil under cocoa cultivation in the municipality of Apuí (AM). The mapping of a 42 x 88 m mesh, with irregular spacing of 6 x 8 m, totaling 88 points, was carried out, and then soil samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; (pH, O.C, Sto C, (H+Al), P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CEC and V%). Data were analyzed using descriptive and geostatistical statistics techniques. The mean and median values were adjusted to the near values, indicating normal distribution, while the soil chemical attributes were adjusted to the spherical and exponential semivariograms models. The majority of the attributes presented coefficient of variation (CV) between 12.1 and 60%, characterized as average variability, the variables in the study presented different ranges and most of them had a strong spatial dependence. The geostatistical techniques used allowed the adjustments of the theoretical models that best represented the experimental semivariance, thus enabling the construction of thematic maps of the spatial distribution of the values of the attributes of the studied area. © 2019, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved.

The article seeks to reflect on the process that allowed the formation of agribusiness in Amazonas, focusing on the municipality of Apui. To this end, we analyzed the various migratory flows and development policies directed to the south of Amazonas since the 1980s. We sought to demonstrate how the largest rural settlement in the country (Rio Juma Settlement Project) has become one of the areas of greatest growth of the Amazon cattle herd. We demonstrate how State initiatives created to strengthen family farming and territorial security of small farmers were used to invest in cattle raising and land tenure regularization of large farms. Finally, we analyzed how this configuration stimulated agribusiness, activated the land market and stimulated major forest fires in Apui.Keywords: Apui; Southern Amazonas; forest fires; agribusiness; livestock.Article received on February 12, 2020. Accepted on April 24, 2020.How citeGALUCH, Mariana Vieira; MENEZES, Thereza Cristina Cardoso. Da reforma agraria ao agronegocio: notas sobre dinâmicas territoriais na fronteira agropecuaria amazonica a partir do municipio de Apui (Sul do Amazonas). Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, Rio de Janeiro, v. 28, n. 2, p. 388-412, jun. 2020.