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Primary gastric melanoma is a rare clinical finding. It presents with upper gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain, weight loss and melaena. It is often difficult to differentiate a primary gastric melanoma from primary cutaneous melanoma with gastric metastasis. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy of the lesion for histopathology and immunohistochemistry help to reach a definite diagnosis. We report a case of primary gastric melanoma with metastases to the liver and bone. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy, palliative chemotherapy and a bone-stabilising agent.

Metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes from breast cancer is extremely rare and only a handful of cases have been reported in the literature to date. We report a case of a postmenopausal female patient who was a treated case of right breast cancer and developed inguinal metastases after 9 months. An excisional biopsy of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis. A positron emission tomography–CT scan revealed retropectoral and pelvic lymphadenopathy. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy to the inguinal and pelvic regions followed by palliative chemotherapy. The patient survived for 4 months after the detection of inguinal metastasis.

A 54-year-old man, with history of undergoing deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) 20 months ago, presented with mature senile cataract in the same eye. While undergoing phacoemulsification, a large, central Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) was noted, separating the donor cornea from the host predescemetic layer. No DM tears were noted. Stromal puncture was done at the graft host junction to reduce the extent of DMD. This was followed by a large intracameral air bubble insertion, which resulted in complete resolution of DMD on the first postoperative day. DMD during hydration of wound is a unique complication to be anticipated while doing cataract surgery in an operated DALK eye.

Abstract: Phenolic acids are now receiving a great deal of interest as pervasive human dietary constituents that have various therapeutic applications against chronic and age-related diseases. One such phenolic acid that is being utilized in traditional medicine is chlorogenic acid (CGA). It is one of the most readily available phytochemicals that can be isolated from the leaves and fruits of plants, such as coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.), apples (Malus spp.), artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L.), carrots (Daucus carota L.), betel (Piper betle L.), burdock (Arctium spp.), etc. Despite its low oral bioavailability (about 33%), CGA has drawn considerable attention due to its wide range of biological activities and numerous molecular targets. Several studies have reported that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of CGA mainly account for its broad-spectrum pharmacological attributes. CGA has been implicated in exerting a beneficial role against dysbiosis by encouraging the growth of beneficial GUT microbes. At the biochemical level, its therapeutic action is mediated by free radical scavenging efficacy, modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and inhibition of the activity of nuclear factor- κβ (NF-κβ), thus helping in the management of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, hypertension etc. This review highlights the natural sources of CGA, its bioavailability, metabolism, pharmacotherapeutic potential, and underlying mechanisms of action for the clinical usefulness of CGA in the management of health disorders.

Reliability of high demand machines is quite necessary and it can be maintained through proper and timely maintenance, Ultra-low temperature (ULT) freezer is one of those kinds of machines which are in high demand during covid-19 pandemic for the storage of vaccine. The rapid production of vaccines for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide requirement. Now the next challenge is to store the vaccine in a ULT freezer. It’s become really a big problem to store the vaccine which creates the demand of ULT freezer. The present paper investigates a situational based performance of the ULT freezer with the aim to predict the impact of different component failures as well as human errors on the final performance of the same. For the study, it is not possible to extract the parameters (failure rate and repair time) of the components that never failed before. Thus, to overcome this difficulty, here authors use the possibility theory. Authors present the available data in Right triangular fuzzy number with some tolerance as suggested by system analyst. The lambda-tau methodology and arithmetic operations on right triangular generalized fuzzy numbers (RTrFN) are used to find the various performance parameters namely MTTF, MTTR, MTBF, reliability, availability, maintainability (RAM) and ENOF, under fuzzy environment. The proposed model has been studied using possibility theory under working conditions, preventive maintenance as well as under the rest of conditions. This study reveals the most and least critical component of the ULT freezer which helps maintenance department to plan the maintenance strategy accordingly.

A 56-year-old woman presented with floaters and diminution of vision in the right eye for 1 week. On examination, visual acuity was 20/400 in the right eye and 20/60 in the left eye. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed vitritis in the right eye and subretinal deposits in both eyes. Vitreous biopsy of the right eye revealed large B-cell-type primary intraocular lymphoma and the patient underwent multiple intravitreal methotrexate injections (400 μg/0.1 mL) in the right eye and systemic chemotherapy for bilateral disease. Following biweekly injections of methotrexate, her visual acuity improved considerably from 20/400 to 20/60 with resolution of vitritis. However, following eighth dose of intravitreal methotrexate, she experienced visual decline to 20/120 along with photophobia, redness and watering. Whorl-shaped opacities, limbitis and corneal haze were noted on slit-lamp examination. Intravitreal methotrexate was stopped, and the patient was started on frequent topical lubricants, loteprednol, topical folinic acid and oral folic acid. Complete resolution of corneal toxicity was observed at 3 weeks and the injections were suspended as there was no recurrence at 6 months follow-up.

The main motive of this study is to experimental analysis of the Atmospheric fluidized bed combustion boiler and Circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler with different gross calorific value of coal, boiler loads and excess air. For this analysis, use textile waste as a primary fuel and calculate GCV with help of bomb calorimeter. Conduct energy calculation of the overall plant and determine the efficiencies and energy losses of all the major components of the thermal power station. The study was carried out at Thermal power station of Industry Yarns at Mandideep and boiler section of thermal power plant is considered for the purpose of exergy analysis. The boiler of a power plant is the most effective section in eliminating exergy. Calculate the efficiency of CFBC and AFBC Boiler with different GCV of Textile waste and it is clearly shows that efficiency of CFBC boiler is higher than AFBC boiler in same GCV of textile waste. The present investigation show results of 30 mw power plant. Experiments were conducted using 0%, 20 %, 30% and 40% of excess air and 65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%,95% ,100% boiler loads. In the present investigation boiler house gives the best results at 0% excess air with maximum boiler load as far as the boiler efficiency (75.2%) are concerned. 65% boiler load With 0% excess air the boiler efficiency is found to be maximum (75.2%), which gives minimum heat loss. Without excess air AFBC boiler is not capable to burn low grade fuels show it is clear that for low grade fuel maximum efficiency of thermal power plant achieved by CFBC boiler because low grade fuel completely burns with 0% excess air.

An experiment was conducted in CRD, in which two factors were evaluated viz., different wrapping materials and different levels of Silver Nano Particles were taken to observe the effect of shelf life of cut rose. Different levels of SNP were at 10,20,30, and 40 ppm along with wrapping materials such as- Butter paper, LDPE, aluminium foil and newspaper as control used in refrigerated condition. Present study concluded that cut roses had longest shelf life at 30 ppm NS (Nano Silver) and BC ratio was highest in T 16 (AF + 0 ppm NSP).

The experiment entitled “Effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels on potato cv. Kufri Lima” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Choudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of 2020-21. The treatments comprising of three planting dates (25th September, 10th October and 25th October) and four levels of nitrogen (0, 75, 100 and 125% of recommended dose of nitrogen, RDN) were laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications. Results of study revealed that significantly increase in growth and yield on 10th October planting as compared to earlier and late planting. Total marketable potato tuber yield was recorded with 10th October planting with 100% RDN application (408 q/ha), closely followed by 125% RDN application (407.7 q/ha) and minimum was recorded under control. It can be concluded that 10th October with application of 100% of RDN (150 kg N/ha) provided with highest marketable yield and benefit to cost ratio (1.82). This may be due to higher marketable and total tuber yield under this treatment.

Waste management incorporates technological, climatic, environmental, and demographic concerns. Socio economic, legal aspects. Traditional methodologies struggle to analyze, predict, and enhance such complex linear processes. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools can help tackle solid waste management (MSWM) concerns.AI solves obscure problems, learns from mistakes, and manages uncertainty and incomplete facts. Although much research has been done in this field, few review studies have evaluated AI's potential in MSWM. This research examines MSWM AI models and approaches, application areas, performance factors, and software platforms used to construct such models.AI uses in MSWM are also mentioned. This document offers AI models and ideas for organic waste management and deployment, as well as reporting output criteria for implementing these frameworks.

System identification techniques have proved to be the most effective methodologies for the modeling highly non-linear and system. For the purpose of real-time parameter estimation of a Maglev system, a Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) for updating the weights of Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (FLANN) model is proposed and implemented in this research. Moreover, we proposed a one & two-Degree of Freedom (one-DOF & two-DOF) Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller, where the parameters are optimized by using the Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) and the recently proposed Black Widow Optimization (BWO) algorithm. To investigate the robustness of the proposed controller, a pulse signal disturbance is added at equal intervals of the output of the identified model of the Maglev system. It is found that the suggested two-DOF FOPID controller with TLBO performs better than its counterpart in terms of both in time domain specifications (i.e., maximum overshoot = 1.2648%, settling time = 1.3884 sec and rise time = 0.8685 sec) and in robustness analysis (i.e., system is sufficiently robust, because the infinity norms of the sensitivity and the complementary sensitivity functions of the system are less than two). The TLBO algorithm has performed better for both identification and optimization of controller parameter due to very less number of algorithmic parameter is as compared to other algorithm.

Absract Background Obstetrics as a speciality has a very long association with the transfusion services and poses its own set of immunohematological (IHL) challenges. A study was carried out to evaluate the spectrum of IHL issues in obstetrics in our setup and to suggest a way forward. Methods This study was carried out in a transfusion services setup catering to antenatal care (ANC) clientele in two tertiary-level health care setups. Samples were collected from all ANC patients requiring transfusion and patients reporting for Indirect Coombs Test (ICT). Data included ICT positive cases with implicated alloantibodies, those requiring specialised procedures and the foetal outcome. The results were described using descriptive statistics by frequencies and percentages. Results A total of 4683 eligible samples were included in the study, out of 21,893 antenatal patients visiting our setup during study period. One hundred thirty-six ANC patient samples were found to be ICT positive. The most common single alloantibody was anti-D (n = 77, 57.5%). Double antibody positivity was found in 28 patients. Multiple alloantibodies were found in 1 patient. Up to 48% of these allo-anti D cases necessitated specialised procedures. Conclusion The IHL issues of obstetrics faced in our setup are no less than that in Indian population. We have much higher frequency of double alloantibody in our ANC population. The authors propose that all multiparous ANC patients, especially with a history of transfusion, irrespective of Rh D status should be screened for irregular alloantibodies to circumvent these issues and the last-minute rush for provision of compatible units.

The Internet of Things (IoT) circumscribes the real-world commodity to communicate and interact with each other by the help of Internet. The enormous growth in the field of IoT devices has drawn wide attention towards wireless-based area networks (WBANs) to eliminate implications like lack of central entity, rigid security demands, mass data processing, low-latency service provision and resource limitation. Moreover, this paper represents a broad discussion over IoT healthcare protocols. This paper also brings us an extensive insight over the IoT surrounding healthcare over its privacy, challenges privacy, challenges, and security issues. This paper also proposes a solution to reduce potential causes of human error and to provide with the bestin-class efficiency in the healthcare sector. This paper highlights IoT based approach in the healthcare industry for higher reliability and efficiency.

In boiler application low Cr-Mo tubes are being used and in manufacturing or working these tubes are getting damaged. ASTM and ASME BPVC (Boiler Pressure vessel code is allowing wall thinning of tubes by 10%. Any damage more than 10% of wall thickness is causing rejection of Tube. As ASTM and ASME has provision for weld build-up on defected or damaged portion of Boiler Tubes, hence I am going to compare two welding process for the weld built-up on low Cr-Mo alloy steel tubes. In current practice the damaged tubes are being scrapped in boiler manufacturing as well as in running boilers. After this demonstration we can compare mechanical Properties of reworked tubes with original one. The Two methods adopted are MIG Welding and FCAW. Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding is known for high deposition welding technique will minimum defect possibility. Flux Cored Arc Welding also has high weld deposition rate with minimum defect possibility.

Background: Repair of hernia has seen a paradigm shift from open technique to laparoscopic technique. Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal mesh hernioplasty is the latest technique with several advantages over open repair. Polypropylene (PP) mesh is the most frequently preferred product, as are easily and cheaply available, provide enough strength for the technique with good biocompatibility and less tissue reaction. Objective was to study the outcome of usage of polypropylene mesh in TAPP hernia repair. Methods: It was a prospective study on patients with diagnosis of inguinal hernia and underwent TAPP hernia repair with polypropylene mesh. Results: Total of 60 patients were included. Majority of the patients (18; 30%) were in age groups of 46-55 years and 56-65 years. 67% cases of inguinal hernia were of indirect type, 30% direct type and 3% both direct and indirect. Right-sided inguinal hernia (57%) was more frequent, followed by left sided (23%) and bilateral (20%). Average time taken was 72 to 98 minutes with a mean of 81.33 minutes in the surgery for unilateral repair and 90 to 103 minutes with a mean of 97.66 minutes for bilateral repair. 40 (67%) patients returned to work within 2 weeks of surgery. Conclusions: Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgical procedure performed on daily basis around the world. Delay in treatment can lead to complications. Laparoscopic approach has shown clear advantages regarding less postoperative pain, numbness, fast return to normal activities and decrease in the incidence of wound infection and hematoma. Polypropylene has proven physical, chemical and biological properties and is currently the most widely used allograft in laparoscopic inguinal hernias.

Among all cereals, oat is considered to be one of the goods consumed in functional grain, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical components. The review article aims to explore plant profile, phytochemical constituents present in different parts, and potential therapeutic agent which prevents people from different diseases with their respective mechanism of action it also includes toxicity studies, dosage form, marketed formulation, and industrial application. The information on Avena sativa is collected from the different databases available in Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to search for research papers for literature and data. Reviewed information suggests that the A. Sativa is a good source of a range of phytochemicals including lignans, saponin, anthocyanidins, and avenanthramides, which might be directly and/or indirectly linked with beneficial nutraceutical and/or pharmacological effect(s). The review states, that A. sativa is a promising candidate as a functional and/or non-functional food because of various phytoconstituents. The clinical report has described that the utilization of oats can provide several health benefits. However, systematic rational investigations for such indications and safety profiles are yet to be explored.

The present investigation was carried out at Horticultural Research Centre under Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut, during 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 seasons to select the promising varieties of pear. The experiment was conducted on a 7-8-year-old pear orchard spaced at a distance of 3 m × 4 m. On four varieties i.e. Baggugosa, Punjab Beauty, Punjab Gold and Punjab Nectar and each replicated thrice. Each treatment consisted of three trees with a total of 12 trees. The obtained results showed that the highest canopy spread (3.765 m), number of fruits per plant (57.995) and fruit yield per plant (6.235 kg) were found to be significant. On the other side, number of flowers per plant (98.98), number of primary branches (6.165), stem girth (31.83 cm), plant height (6.965 m), fruit weight (5 fruits) (122.45 g), fruit length (73.97 mm) and fruit width (58.505 mm) were found to be non-significant. The results of the present study indicate that on the basis of their flowering times, full bloom times and morpho-economic characteristics, Punjab Nectar appeared to be a superior variety in terms of tree morphology and others as moderate. Further, it can be concluded that the variety Punjab Beauty had more productivity and the fruits of Punjab Nectar and Punjab beauty were having more marketable fruit traits.

The study was conducted in Sahiwal cattle for genome wide identification and annotation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (INDELs) in Sahiwal cattle. The double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing, a reduced representation method was used for the identification of variants at nucleotide level. A total of 1,615,211 variants were identified at RD10 and Q30 consisting of 1,480,930 SNPs and 134,281 INDELs with respect to the Bos taurus reference genome. The SNPs were annotated for their location, impact and functional class. The SNPs identified in Sahiwal cattle were found to be associated with a total of 26,229 genes. A total of 1819 SNPs were annotated for 209 candidate genes associated with different production and reproduction traits. The variants identified in the present study may be useful to strengthen the existing bovine SNP chips for reducing the biasness over the taurine cattle breeds. The diversity analysis provides the insight of the genetic architecture of the Sahiwal population Studied. The large genetic variations identified at the nucleotide level provide ample scope for implementing an effective and efficient breed improvement programme for increasing the productivity of Sahiwal cattle.

Sustainability of maize production systems is threatened by poor economic returns and resource intensiveness. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2016–17 to 2017–18 to assess the effect of tillage and microbial inoculantsintegrated phosphorus (P) management on productivity, quality, economic outcome and energy dynamics of maize. Three tillage practices viz., CT–R (conventional tillage with no residue), ZT–R (zero tillage with no residue) and ZT + R (zero tillage with wheat crop residue at 2.5 Mg/ha) were assigned in main plots and five P management practices viz., P1 (control–NK as per recommendation, but no P), P2 (17.2 kg P/ha), P3 (17.2 kg P/ha + PSB), P4 (17.2 kg P/ha + compost inoculants) and P5 (34.4 kg P/ha) were allocated in subplots in three times replicated split-plot design. The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 103 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R while higher benefit: cost ratio (B: C ratio – the amount of economic gain per unit investment) (1.53) and energy efficiency (12.5) was noticed under ZT–R. Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1). The results suggested that the application of P at the rate of 34.4 kg/ha under ZT + R is an economically robust approach for the quality maize production in semi-arid region.

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to study the “Influence of Nitrogen and Zinc on Growth, Yield and Economics of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)”. To Study treatment consisting of three levels of Nitrogen viz. 60, 80 and 100 kg/ha and three levels of Zinc viz. 15, 20 and 25 kg/ha. There were 10 treatments, each of which was replicated three times and laid out in randomized block design. The results showed that treatment 9 [Nitrogen 100 kg/ha + Zinc 25 kg/ha] recorded significant higher plant height (238.83 cm), higher dry weight (122.37 g), higher length of ear head (27.51 cm), higher seed yield (4430.43 kg/ha), higher stover yield (7246.58 kg/ha), higher number of grains/head (981.34) and higher harvest index (38.75 %) was recorded in treatment 9 [Nitrogen 100 kg/ha + Zinc 25 kg/ha]. Similarly, maximum gross return (1,46,993.65 INR/ha), maximum net return (99,186.03 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (2.08) was also recorded in treatment 9 [Nitrogen 100 kg/ha + Zinc 25 kg/ha] as compared to other treatments.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary tumor, which may be isolated or associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In isolated MS, diagnosis may be challenging. Although it may develop at any site, isolated MS of the spine and parotid region are very rare. We found such rare presentations in our patients, so we wanted to highlight the importance of early suspicion and proper evaluation of such cases. To find out cases of MS, we searched clinical records of our patients of AML/MS, who were treated in the past 1 year in our department at All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur. We found 20 such cases of AML/MS who were treated with standard 3 + 7 induction chemotherapy and out of them 3 had isolated or associated MS. We selected these three patients for this case series. In this report, we have described the presentations and treatment of these three cases. One of the patients had isolated MS of the spine, who presented initially with paraparesis. Due to atypical presentation, there was a diagnostic delay, but after treatment, he recovered fully. In another case of isolated parotid swelling, initially suspected to be lymphoma, later diagnosed as MS and also found to have bone marrow involvement with detection of t (8;21) consistent with AML. In another typical presentation, the patient had AML associated with orbital MS. With all these three cases, we want to bring to notice the rare presentations of this entity and which may help clinicians to suspect and diagnose it early and which can improve the overall outcome of such patients.

An experiment was conducted during rabi season in the year 2021-22 at Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Laboratory of Sangam University, Bhilwara (Rajasthan) India, to evaluate the “Effect of textile effluent on seed germination and early growth of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Mustard (Brassica juncea L.): A case study” consist of four (Treated industrial effluent) treatment (T1) freshwater, (T2) 25% effluent+75% fresh water, (T3) 50% effluent+50 % fresh water, (T4) 75 % effluent+25% freshwater to determine the effects of textile effluent’s toxicity on wheat and mustard seed germination rates and early growth as well as growth factors like plumule and radicle length. With higher effluent concentrations, the proportion of seed germination and seedling growth gradually decreased. Germination percentage, plumule and radicle length of seedlings were lowest in the treatment T4 (75% effluent + 25% fresh water) and highest in treatment T2 (25% effluent + 75 fresh water) treatment.

A two-step viable synthetic approach for quick and energy-efficient acid-based charring is described here to fabricate self-passivated fluorescent water-soluble CD (wsCD) from sustainable microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) materials. The aqueous solution of wsCD exhibits blue emission under UV-light illumination and shows a fluorescence quantum yield of ∼6%. The wsCD are used here for the selective sensing of ofloxacin (OFLX) from among the four tested antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone class, namely, ciprofloxacin (CPLX), ofloxacin (OFLX), levofloxacin (LVLX), and moxifloxacin (MXLX) based on the simpler fluorescence quenching experiment with a detection limit of ∼0.025 ppm. The plausible mechanism for the selective sensing of OFLX has been proposed based on a detailed analysis of absorbance and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy which indicates the involvement of the inner-filter effect (IFE). Antimicrobial studies of wsCD were conducted on two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum), where wsCD did not show any toxic effects up to the concentration of 1 mg/mL, hence supporting their biocompatible behavior. Further, an antibiosis study involving the combination of the antibiotic and antifungal agents with wsCD against the growth of the same bacterial and fungal strains was conducted, where wsCD showed mild antifungal activity.

Nowadays, digital images and videos have high importance because they have become the primary carriers of information. However, the easy availability of powerful image editing software has made it possible to manipulate and edit digital images and videos, leading to a loss of trust in their authenticity. It is possible to add or remove important features from an image without leaving any obvious traces of tampering. To detect this such type of forgeries, the proposed method involves dividing the image into overlapping blocks of the same size, extracting a feature for each block, and representing it as a vector. The vectors are then sorted using radix sort, and the difference in the positions of adjacent feature vectors in the sorted list is computed to obtain a shift vector. This method can even identify tampered parts of an image that have been enhanced or retouched to merge with the background or saved in a lossy format like JPEG. Several forged images were tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed method. Its application has significant implications in fields like forensics, journalism, and medical imaging to ensure the authenticity of digital images and videos.