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Whole genome sequencing data of 874 Escherichia coli isolates carrying bla NDM-5 from 13 European Union/European Economic Area countries between 2012 and June 2022 showed the predominance of sequence types ST167, ST405, ST410, ST361 and ST648, and an increasing frequency of detection. Nearly a third (30.6%) of these isolates were associated with infections and more than half (58.2%) were predicted to be multidrug-resistant. Further spread of E. coli carrying bla NDM-5 would leave limited treatment options for serious E. coli infections.

In the WHO European Region, COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions continued slowing influenza circulation in the 2021/22 season, with reduced characterisation data. A(H3) predominated and, in some countries, co-circulated with A(H1)pdm09 and B/Victoria viruses. No B/Yamagata virus detections were confirmed. Substantial proportions of characterised circulating virus subtypes or lineages differed antigenically from their respective northern hemisphere vaccine components. Appropriate levels of influenza virus characterisations should be maintained until the season end and in future seasons, when surveillance is adapted to integrate SARS-CoV-2. ECDC and WHO internal funds. Sí

In the WHO European Region, COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions continued slowing influenza circulation in the 2021/22 season, with reduced characterisation data. A(H3) predominated and, in some countries, co-circulated with A(H1)pdm09 and B/Victoria viruses. No B/Yamagata virus detections were confirmed. Substantial proportions of characterised circulating virus subtypes or lineages differed antigenically from their respective northern hemisphere vaccine components. Appropriate levels of influenza virus characterisations should be maintained until the season end and in future seasons, when surveillance is adapted to integrate SARS-CoV-2.

Overview of the theoretical specificity towards non-targeted serotypes. The sequences of the primers and probe in the (A) DENV1, (B) DENV2, (C) DENV3, and (D) DENV4 RT-PCR plotted against their respective non-targeted serotypes. Numbers above the primers and probe indicate genomic positions. (PDF 87 kb)

Cq-value comparison between the test methods and reference method. The table shows the Cq-values obtained for the 85 dengue positive samples tested in the different serotype-specific RT-PCR assays. Information on days after symptomatic onset were included for samples for which this data was available. (PDF 253 kb)

Overview of the primers and probes. Vertical bars and percentages show the fraction of sequences with nucleotides deviating from the consensus of (A) DENV1, (B) DENV2, (C) DENV3, and (D) DENV4 serotypes. Values below 1 % are not shown. Numbers indicate genomic positions. (PDF 82 kb)