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This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, intensity and identification of gastrointestinal parasite eggs (except cestode) in cattle of different ages and sex by coprological examination. The study was carried out at Kotalipara Upazila in Gopalganj district of Bangladesh from December 2020 to February 2021. A total number of 65 fecal samples were collected from different cattle of 12 Union (administrative unit) in this study area. Direct fecal samples smear were visually examined under microscope for Trematode and McMaster fecal egg counting technique for others parasites. Results revealed that 90.77% of the samples were found positive with one or more parasite species. The eggs of nematode were predominant (86.15%) followed by trematode (50.77%) and protozoa (21.54%). Overall mean egg per gram (EPG) of feces was 324±21. The highest EPG were found in Ramshil Union of the study area. The study suggests to control GI parasites by regular dewarming program in order to prevent the losses by parasitic infestation.

Fusarium moniliforme, a causal agent of rice Bakanae is a seedborne fungal disease which infects plants through the roots or crowns and it then grows systemically within the plant. From the in-vitro and in-vivo results, it was concluded that Bavistin, Knowin, Haydazim, Topsil plus and Sunphanate @ 0.3% could be effective as seed treating fungicides against bakanae disease. Overnight root dipping of seedlings with Bavistin and Knowin @ 0.3% was effective to control bakanae disease. Seed and seedling treatments with carbendazim fungicides could be used for further dissemination. In field trials, none of the fungicides namely Bavistin, Knowin, Ridomil, Forastin, Sunphanate and Cupravit @ 0.3% were effective against bakanae compared to rogueing when those were sprayed in the standing crop at tillering stage. In seedbed condition, wet seed bed reduced the % of bakanae infected hill (0.31%) in comparison with semi dry (2.18%) and dry (3.45%). In combination with seed bed conditions and seed treatments, wet seed bed with healthy or infected seed but treated with homai @ 0.3% reduced the bakanae incidence (0.21-0.39%). Semi dry seed bed with healthy or infected seed but treated with homai @ 0.3% also control the bakanae disease (0.32-2.68%) compared to dry seed bed (0.82-2.7%).

Intracellular pathogens are challenged with limited space and resources while replicating in a single host cell. Mechanisms for direct invasion of neighboring host cells have been discovered in cell culture, but we lack an understanding of how bacteria directly spread from cell-to-cell in vivo. Here, we describe the discovery of a bacterial species that uses filamentation as an in vivo mechanism for intracellular spreading between the intestinal epithelial cells of its host, the rhabditid nematode Oscheius tipulae. In vitro and in vivo filamentation by this bacterium, Bordetella atropi, requires a highly conserved nutrient-sensing pathway used by divergent bacteria to detect rich conditions and inhibit the divisome. Thus, B. atropi uses a distinct mechanism for cell-to-cell spreading by coopting a pathway that normally regulates bacterial cell size to trigger filamentation inside host cells.

BackgroundAs COVID-19 vaccination coverage increases, public health and industries are contemplating re-opening measures of public spaces, including theme-parks. To re-open, theme-parks must provide public health mitigation plans. Questions on implementation of public health mitigation strategies such as park cleaning, COVID-19 testing, and enforcement of social distancing and the wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the park remain.MethodsWe have developed a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission in a theme-park that considers direct human-human and indirect environment-human transmission of the virus. The model thus tracks the changing infection/disease landscape of all visitors, workers, and environmental reservoirs in a theme park setting.FindingsModels results show that theme-park public health mitigation must include mechanisms that reduce virus contamination of the environment to ensure that workers and visitors are protected from COVID-19 transmission in the park. Thus, cleaning rates and mitigation of human-environment contact increases in importance.ConclusionOur findings have important practical implications in terms of public health as policy- and decision-makers are equipped with a mathematical tool that can guide theme-parks in developing public health mitigation strategies for a safe re-opening.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most usual endocrine disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and androgen excess. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance are often accompanied by PCOS and therefore must be studied to find out their prevalence and association in this condition.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the integrated management of organic and inorganic fertilizers to reduce CH4 emission and increase rice productivity (rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 28) in Boro season during the period of January to May 2012 at the experimental field, Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Six different treatments such as, urea only (no organic amendments), urea + rice straw compost, urea + charcoal, urea + CaSiO3, urea + rice straw compost + CaSiO3, urea + charcoal + CaSiO3 were applied in different plots in this experiment. The treatments were replicated three times and arranged under RCBD in the field. The highest seasonal CH4 flux 25.546 mg m-2 h-1 was found from the urea + rice straw compost treatment and lowest seasonal CH4 flux 17.468 mg m-2 h-1 was produced in urea only (no organic amendments). The second lowest CH4 flux 18.744 mg m-2 h-1 was recorded from the urea + charcoal + CaSiO3 treated plot. Inorganic fertilizers such as CaSiO3 significantly improved the soil redox potential status which reduced CH4 emission. Total grain yield were recorded 5.72, 5.96, 6.012, 6.127, 6.497 and 6.56 t ha-1 under the treatments urea only (no organic amendments), urea + rice straw compost, urea + charcoal, urea + CaSiO3, urea + rice straw compost + CaSiO3, and urea + charcoal + CaSiO3, respectively. Among the treatments urea + charcoal + CaSiO3 was found the best for reducing CH4 emission and increasing rice production followed by urea + rice straw compost + CaSiO3 and urea + CaSiO3 treatments, respectively. Calcium silicate which contains mainly silicon and active iron oxides (electron acceptors) could be introduced with the conventional N, P, K fertilizer for reducing CH4 emissions and increasing rice productivity under irrigated rice farming system.

Particulate matter (PM, especially PM2.5 with diameter 2.5 microns) has been regarded as the major air pollutant. Negative air ions (NAIs) could electrically charge PM and remove it much more efficiently. In this study, a bio-generator of NAIs has been developed, which helps plants to generate NAIs at around 100 × 106 ions/cm3 under pulsed electrical field (PEF) treatment. By using the bio-generator, PM2.5 concentration in a growth chamber could be reduced from around 500 to near 0 µg/m3 within 5 minutes. It could also be used to remove continuously generated PM. Upon PEF treatment, genes encoding oxidoreductases and other enzymes were up-regulated, some of which might contribute to the generation of superoxide anions (one of NAIs). On the other hand, the emission of large numbers of electrons from the surface/edge of plant leaves has been detected upon PEF treatment and these electrons might be captured by surrounding air molecules to generate high concentration of NAIs.

Dissociation (Ds) insertional mutagenesis has been regarded as an efficient tool to generate insertion mutants for functional genomics and molecular breeding. However, little is known about the application of the tool on exploring biological functions of abiotic stress-related genes and their molecular breeding experience. In this study, a total of 833 Ds insertion lines have been obtained, which showed significantly higher tolerance or sensitivity to high salinity, drought or cold stress, by screening around 20,000 Ds lines. Analysis of Ds flanking sequence tags revealed that 165 rice genes were tagged by Ds insertion. Gene Ontology (GO) and gene set enrichment analysis showed that over-represented Ds-tagged genes might function in the response to exogenous stimuli. These Ds-tagged genes showed expression divergence among five high salinity and five drought tolerant rice lines under either high salinity or drought stress. Higher percentages of Ds-tagged genes were down- or up-regulated by these abiotic stresses. These Ds-tagged genes were also frequently reduced or suppressed by various phytohormones including abscisic acid and jasmonate. On the other hand, we have also detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1–10 base pairs of insertion and deletions (indels) of these Ds-tagged genes among ten high salinity/drought tolerant rice lines by comparing with the reference genome Nipponbare. Our data showed that SNPs were detected among 102 out of 165 genes and indels were identified in 39 out of 165 genes. All the data provided additional information to further explore the biological functions of these genes or to carry out molecular breeding.

The need of controlling infectious microbes has increased in the past years due to the increased resistance of the microorganisms towards the antimicrobial agents as a result of the changes in their cellular membrane proteins, ionic channels, and cell surface receptors. Scientists are working their best to offer such an agent that could prove practical to harmful microbes that pose threats to the lives of people. This review focuses on the information about the modes of actions of some antimicrobial agents that are recently discovered, approved or used by scientific laboratories and pharmaceutical companies to make the future studies somewhat easier for the young scientists to make their way through their research works leading to newer drug discoveries with new and improved mechanisms against microbial integrity. Many new drugs have recently been reported to have performed their best against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas, apart from bacterial control several new antifungal and antiviral agents have also been reported that are known to have performed best at clinical levels.

Expression profiling is one of the most important tools for dissecting biological functions of genes and the upregulation or downregulation of gene expression is sufficient for recreating phenotypic differences. Expression divergence of genes significantly contributes to phenotypic variations. However, little is known on the molecular basis of expression divergence and evolution among rice genotypes with contrasting phenotypes. In this study, we have implemented an integrative approach using bioinformatics and experimental analyses to provide insights into genomic variation, expression divergence, and evolution between salinity-sensitive rice variety Nipponbare and tolerant rice line Pokkali under normal and high salinity stress conditions. We have detected thousands of differentially expressed genes between these two genotypes and thousands of up- or downregulated genes under high salinity stress. Many genes were first detected with expression evidence using custom microarray analysis. Some gene families were preferentially regulated by high salinity stress and might play key roles in stress-responsive biological processes. Genomic variations in promoter regions resulted from single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels (1-10 bp of insertion/deletion), and structural variations significantly contributed to the expression divergence and regulation. Our data also showed that tandem and segmental duplication, CACTA and hAT elements played roles in the evolution of gene expression divergence and regulation between these two contrasting genotypes under normal or high salinity stress conditions.

Rice grains are rich in starch but low in protein with very low level of both lysine and threonine. Thus, it is important to further improve protein quality and quantity, especially to increase lysine and threonine content in rice grains. We artificially synthesized two new genes by fusing endogenous rice genes with lysine (K)/threonine (T) motif (TKTKK) coding sequences. They were designated as TKTKK1 and TKTKK2 and their encoded proteins consist of 73.1% and 83.5% of lysine/threonine, respectively. These two genes were under the control of 35S promoter and were independently introduced into the rice genome to generate transgenic plants. Our data showed that overexpression of TKTKK1 generated stable proteins with expected molecular weight and the transgenic rice seeds significantly increased lysine, threonine, total amino acids and crude protein content by 33.87%, 21.21%, 19.43% and 20.45%, respectively when compared with wild type control; significant improvement was also observed in transgenic rice seeds overexpressing TKTKK2. However, limited improvement in protein quality and quantity was observed in transgenic seeds carrying tandom array of these two new genes. Our data provide the basis and alternative strategy on further improving protein quality and quantity in other crops or vegetable plants by synthetic biology.

Negative air ions (NAIs) have been discovered for more than 100 years and are widely used for air cleaning. Here, we have carried out a comprehensive reviewing on the effects of NAIs on humans/animals, and microorganisms, and plant development. The presence of NAIs is credited for increasing psychological health, productivity, and overall well-being but without consistent or reliable evidence in therapeutic effects and with controversy in anti-microorganisms. Reports also showed that NAIs could help people in relieving symptoms of allergies to dust, mold spores, and other allergens. Particulate matter (PM) is a major air pollutant that affects human health. Experimental data showed that NAIs could be used to high-efficiently remove PM. Finally, we have reviewed the plant-based NAI release system under the pulsed electric field (PEF) stimulation. This is a new NAI generation system which releases a huge amount of NAIs under the PEF treatment. The system may be used to freshen indoor air and reduce PM concentration in addition to enriching oxygen content and indoor decoration at home, school, hospital, airport, and other indoor areas.

Yellow mosaic disease is a major limiting factor for jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) cultivation in Bangladesh. We have cloned and sequenced three isolates of Corchorus golden mosaic virus (CoGMV) collected from different regions in Bangladesh. DNA A sequence of CoGMV-[BD:Mym:10] (BD1] shared highest identity (94.2%) with the Vietnam isolate of CoGMV, whereas DNA B shared a lower level of sequence identity (

Reconstruction of large maxillary defects has been a long-standing challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Total maxillary reconstruction is desirable but often not possible; ideally, this would provide all the anatomical structural support, function, and esthetics missing because of the defect. A case is presented in which all the criteria for total maxillary reconstruction have been fulfilled. The patient is a 60-year-old man who had wide excision of his maxilla for ameloblastoma, followed by temporal bone flap reconstruction, which failed. He presented to our institution for further evaluation and possible treatment options; these were discussed with the patient and the multidisciplinary team that deals with congenital and acquired deformities in the head and neck area. An iliac crest free flap that included the inner table of the ilium based on the deep circumflex iliac artery was used for the reconstruction. The procedure is described, including restoration of a nasal lining. Osseointegrated implants were used for dental rehabilitation. Ameloblastoma is briefly discussed. The goals of maxillary rehabilitation and obstacles to obtaining those goals are presented. Options available for maxillary reconstruction are discussed, along with some of their advantages and disadvantages, as is the reason why the iliac crest free flap with the inner table of the ilium was chosen. An iliac crest free flap with microvascular anastomosis to facial vessels was used to reconstruct a large maxillary defect. Osseointegrated implants were used to facilitate dental rehabilitation. Our patient has excellent restoration of oronasal function with a satisfactory esthetic result.

Most cases of sinonasal lymphomas reported in the literature which show positive expression for Epstein-Barr virus are CD2+, CD3-, CD43+ and CD56+, and also show a germ-line T-cell receptor genotype. Five-year survival is usually around 50%. We report a group of patients with T-cell sinonasal lymphoma that showed distinct immunophenotypic and molecular profiles and a more aggressive behavior.Nineteen cases representing approximately 75% of sinonasal lymphoma diagnosed and treated at our institution between 1988 and 1997 were studied. They comprised 12 males and 7 females, with an age range of 10 to 73 years (median 46 years). The remaining cases (about 25%) were B-cell lymphomas. The morphology of the cases was evaluated together with a limited immunophenotyping. In situ hybridization for EBV mRNA was performed in 18 cases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement was performed in 15 cases. Clinical follow-up information was available on 14 patients. All cases showed a pattern of large-cell lymphoma, and three exhibited an immunoblastic morphology. The tumors showed extensive soft tissue invasion, necrosis and ulceration. While perineural invasion was a prominent feature, perivascular invasion was not noticed.Seventeen tumors (84%) were CD3 positive. PCR analysis showed TCR gene rearrangement in 7 of 15 cases (46%). Fifteen cases (79%) were positive for EBV. The 14 patients with available clinical information had extensive local diseases, with stages ranging from IE to IIIE, where none showed positive bone marrow involvement. The 14 patients received chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Ten of the 14 patients (71%) died of the disease after a median of seven months, including all seven patients with positive TCR gene rearrangement.Our findings suggest that sinonasal T-cell lymphoma represents a heterogeneous group of diseases with different phenotypic, genotypic and biological characteristics. Cases that show TCR gene rearrangement may represent a more aggressive subtype of the disease.

The objective of this study was to validate retrospective caregiver interviews for diagnosing major causes of severe neonatal illness and death. A convenience sample of 149 infants aged28 days with one or more suspected diagnoses of interest (low birthweight/severe malnutrition, preterm birth, birth asphyxia, birth trauma, neonatal tetanus, pneumonia, meningitis, septicaemia, diarrhoea, congenital malformation or injury) was taken from patients admitted to two hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Study paediatricians performed a standardised history and physical examination and ordered laboratory and radiographic tests according to study criteria. With a median interval of 64.5 days after death or hospital discharge, caregivers of 118 (79%) infants were interviewed about their child's illness. Using reference diagnoses based on predefined clinical and laboratory criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of particular combinations of signs (algorithms) reported by the caregivers were ascertained. Sufficient numbers of children with five reference standard diagnoses were studied to validate caregiver reports. Algorithms with sensitivity and specificity80% were identified for neonatal tetanus, low birthweight/severe malnutrition and preterm delivery. Algorithms with specificities80% for birth asphyxia and pneumonia had sensitivities70%, or alternatively had high sensitivity with lower specificity. In settings with limited access to medical care, retrospective caregiver interviews provide a valid means of diagnosing several of the most common causes of severe neonatal illness and death.This study aimed to validate retrospective caregiver interviews for diagnosing major causes of several neonatal illness and death in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The sample consisted of 149 infants aged 28 days with one or more suspected diagnoses of low birth weight (LBW)/severe malnutrition, preterm birth, birth asphyxia, birth trauma, neonatal tetanus, pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, diarrhea, congenital malformation or injury. The study pediatricians performed a standardized history and physical examination and ordered laboratory and radiographic tests according to study criteria. Overall, LBW/severe malnutrition, premature birth and tetanus can be detected in newborn infants by caregiver interview with high sensitivity and specificity, whereas the diagnoses of pneumonia and birth asphyxia are more difficult but still feasible. Algorithms with sensitivity and specificity 80% were identified for neonatal tetanus, LBW/severe malnutrition and preterm delivery. Algorithms with specificities 80% for birth asphyxia and pneumonia had sensitivities 70%, or alternatively had high sensitivity with lower specificity. In settings with limited access to medical care, retrospective caregiver interviews provide a valid means of diagnosing several of the most common causes of severe neonatal illness and death.

Effects of Commercial Feed Additives on Performance, Economic Efficiency, Blood Metabolites and Some Maintenance Behaviour in Goats This study was conducted to compare the effects of feeding goats on rations supplemented with commercial products of prebiotic, probiotic, fordex (acidifier with essential oils) or their combination on growth performance, economic efficiency, some serum biochemical parameters and some maintenance behaviour.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common malignancy encountered at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC). Of 19,885 different malignant tumors seen during the period fro 1975 to 1989, there were 875 cases (4.4%) of TC. Of 1374 tumors of endocrine glands seen during the same period, 67% were thyroid neoplasms. TC represented 7.5% (618 cases) of all neoplasms in the females, second only to breast cancer. All types of TC were seen, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PC) being the most common (79%). Anaplastic, medullary, follicular (FC), malignant lymphoma and Hurthle cell cancer accounted for 5.4%, 5.3%, 4.3%, 3.6% and 0.9% respectively. The frequency of PC was very similar (16%) in each of the third, fourth and fifth decades. The relative frequency (RF) of different types of TC was highest for PC with a ration of 18:1 between PC and FC, which could be the highest ever reported. There was a clearly progressive increase in the number of thyroid tumors referred between 1975 and 1989. Although this increase was evident for both sexes, it was more apparent for females. There was also a distinct increase (P

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A series of novel polar benzimidazoles were synthesized in a 4-step reaction starting from basic compound 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid in good to excellent yield. The compounds generally fulfill the Lipinski’s rule of five to show their potential as drug lead compounds. The compounds were screened for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities and the most potent compound was found to be 5e which gave IC50 value of 31.04 μM. The structure of the novel polar benzimidazoles were characterized and confirmed by elemental and mass spectral analyses as well as 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data. All the compounds were found to be non-toxic when tested with VERO cells at 50 μM.

Thyroglossal cyst rarely presents with carcinoma formation in the remnants of the thyroid gland. We report a 40 year old male with papillary thyroid carcinoma formation in a thyroglossal cyst. The patient underwent surgical intervention for the cyst. His pathology was positive for thyroid carcinoma and he underwent complete thyroidectomy with postoperative radioactive iodine treatment. His follow up revealed no evidence of recurrence. Key Words: Thyroglossal cyst, Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Radioactive iodine.

Ten cases of malignant mesothelioma were diagnosed and treated at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre over a ten year period from 1977 to 1987. Seven of these cases were referred from the Southern Province and were clustered in the Al-Baha and Najran districts. In only one case (a plumber from Taif) was there the likelihood of occupation exposure. None of the patients had interstitial changes or pleura plaques on chest x-ray. Epidemiological studies are warranted to establish the etiology of mesothelioma in the Southern region of Saudi Arabia.

The incidence of follicular lymphoma in Saudi Arabia is very low compared to that in Western countries. We analyzed 22 diagnosed cases, based on conventional morphology examination and immunohistochemistry, to detect the Bcl-2 gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lymph node tissues by the standard xylene treatment and proteinase K digestion method. Rearrangement of the major breakpoint region was evident in 8 of the 22 cases (36%), determined by visualization of a discrete band hybridized with a chemiluminescence-labeled specific probe. Although the number of cases is small, we believe it denotes a normal detection rate for PCR analysis, using DNA isolated from fixed tissue. With the exception of follicular lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) analyzed included diffuse large cell lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and mantle zone lymphomas. No Bcl-2 gene rearrangement was detected in any of these cases. No evidence of Bcl-2 minor cluster sequence gene rearrangement was detected in any of the 38 NHL cases analyzed.

Specific chromosome rearrangements in different types of solid tumors have been described recently in a number of studies. However, the frequency and diagnostic importance of these chromosome rearrangements are currently under intensive investigation. The objective of this study is to provide a preliminary report on the types of clonal chromosome abnormalities observed in sarcomas of bone and soft tissues. Included in this report are osteosarcoma (five), synovial sarcoma (three), Ewing sarcoma (two), leiomyosarcoma (one), and spindle cell sarcoma (one). Cytogenetic analysis revealed clonal chromosome rearrangements in all of the tumors studied. Our findings correlated well with previously reported cytogenetic data on various types of solid tumors.

Intradural disc herniation accounts for < 0.3% of all disc herniations. Intraradicular disc herniation accounts for 4.1% of all such cases. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and a high index of suspicion during surgery is required for the diagnosis. We present a patient with intraradicular disc herniation in the lumbar region whose symptoms were severe enough to recommend surgery. The myelogram showed a block at the involved nerve root. Diagnosis of intraradicular herniation was made during surgery. The symptoms were immediately relieved by surgery. The literature on intradural and intraradicular disc herniation is reviewed.

A woman with Staphylococcus aureus meningitis following postpartum endometritis presented with lumbar backache and fever of several weeks' duration. Thick, green exudate was aspirated at lumbar puncture hours before death. Histologic examination demonstrated subacute inflammation of the meninges and chronic inflammation of the endometrium. Although rare, postpartum endometritis followed by low back pain and fever should alter the physician to the possibility of serious infection involving the central nervous system. Diagnosis and treatment at this early stage would be expected to decrease mortality.

2nd International Conference on Engineering Sciences and Technologies (ESaT) -- JUN 29-JUL 01, 2016 -- SLOVAKIA, WOS: 000424002600026, In this study, aerodynamic performance of a solar car (Anadolu Solar Team) is investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This work represents the current efforts in designing a new vehicle. Aerodynamic concepts were used to modify the previous car, namely the Sunatolia II. A new design is performed by eliminating the aerodynamic efficiency drawbacks of the Sunatolia II. Aerodynamic calculations include two essential force components as drag force and lift force acting on the body (vehicle). The goal is to keep lift force in optimum level and drag at a minimum for safe speeds and with minimum energy consumption. Aerodynamics of five different vehicle geometries is studied (without body accessories/additions, air breather, side bars, back flap, and vehicle with all added). The CFD analyses were performed with proper turbulence closure, mesh independency tests and a transient solution for accuracy. The results represent one of the shortlisted final designs., Tech Univ Kosice, Civil Engn Fac, Univ Miskolc

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND AND AIMS: EUS-guided FNA or biopsy sampling is widely practiced. Optimal sonographic visualization of the needle is critical for image-guided interventions. Of the several commercially available needles, bench-top testing and direct comparison of these needles have not been done to reveal their inherent echogenicity. The aims are to provide bench-top data that can be used to guide clinical applications and to promote future device research and development. METHODS: Descriptive bench-top testing and comparison of 8 commonly used EUS-FNA needles (all size 22 gauge): SonoTip Pro Control (Medi-Globe); Expect Slimline (Boston Scientific); EchoTip, EchoTip Ultra, EchoTip ProCore High Definition (Cook Medical); ClearView (Conmed); EZ Shot 2 (Olympus); and BNX (Beacon Endoscopic), and 2 new prototype needles, SonoCoat (Medi-Globe), coated by echogenic polymers made by Encapson. Blinded evaluation of standardized and unedited videos by 43 EUS endoscopists and 17 radiologists specialized in GI US examination who were unfamiliar with EUS needle devices. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the ratings and rankings of these needles between endosonographers and radiologists. Overall, 1 prototype needle was rated as the best, ranking 10% to 40% higher than all other needles (P < .01). Among the commercially available needles, the EchoTip Ultra needle and the ClearView needle were top choices. The EZ Shot 2 needle was ranked statistically lower than other needles (30%-75% worse, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: All FNA needles have their inherent and different echogenicities, and these differences are similarly recognized by EUS endoscopists and radiologists. Needles with polymeric coating from the entire shaft to the needle tip may offer better echogenicity.

2nd International Conference on Engineering Sciences and Technologies (ESaT) -- JUN 29-JUL 01, 2016 -- SLOVAKIA, WOS: 000424002600075, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is a well-known Lightweight Concrete (LWC) and consists of a mixture of sand, lime, cement, gypsum, water and an expanding agent. The AAC is generally used in structures for the insulation properties against heat and sound. However, the mechanical properties of this material is comparatively lower. The aim of this study is to increase the mechanical properties of AAC by adding different fibers. The experimental studies, were carried on polypropylene, steel and glass fiber. Firstly, aerated concrete have been prepared in the laboratory and placed in the molds of 70 x 70 x 70 mm dimension. Then, AAC specimens have been pre-cured in the furnace at 40 degrees C for 4 hrs. After that, specimens have been cured in an autoclave for 8 hrs. Finally, AAC specimens were subjected to compressive strength and unit weight tests. Test results showed that fiber usage has beneficial effect on mechanical properties of AAC., Tech Univ Kosice, Civil Engn Fac, Univ Miskolc