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Purpose of this study — to compare the results of different tonometry methods before surgical treatment of glaucoma and in the early postoperative period.The study was conducted on a group of 50 patients (50 eyes) aged 55 to 80 years with uncompensated primary open-angle glaucoma, who were admitted to in-patient department for glaucoma surgery. Patients were examined using bidirectional applanation tonometry of the cornea performed on Ocular Response Analyzer, pneumotonometry on Canon TX-20P device, and with Icare tonometer. These studies were carried out on the day before the surgery, the next day, and 2 weeks after the operation.Significant differences in tonometry readings were revealed between all tested devices at high intraocular pressure (IOP) levels (before glaucoma surgery). Significant differences were also found in IOP values obtained with Icare tonometer in the central zone of the cornea and in the middle periphery in the nasal and temporal sectors. A significant difference between the indicators remained on the next day after surgery, except for the Icare readings. After two weeks, the tonometric parameters did not differ significantly from each other.Corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc) is the most important tonometric indicator in clinical practice because it takes into account the individual biomechanical characteristics of the patient’s cornea. When examining patients with glaucoma, the IOPcc indicator significantly differed in uncompensated IOP, which is important for determining the correct treatment tactics. When assessing the level of IOP after surgery this trend persisted, indicating a systematic underestimation of IOP level (overestimation of the effect of glaucoma surgery). The reliability of the study is confirmed by the results of measurements on unoperated fellow eyes (control).

The effect of nighttime lighting on the anatomical and morphological structure and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of Tilia cordata, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Platanus acerifolia was estimated on the example of garden-park and street plantings of Kyiv. At the experimental sites, the level of illumination and the soil surface temperature during the day and night periods were examined. The anatomical and morphological structure of the leaves was studied using transmission electron microscopy. The content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) in tree leaves was determined spectrophotometrically.The analysis of variance revealed that nighttime lighting significantly affected the anatomical structure and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of T. cordata and P. acerifolia. In A. hippocastanum, only parameters of stomata and palisade parenchyma showed a significant reaction to this stress factor.

Purpose. Research and improvement of the technology of improving the quality of secondary silumins developed by Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic National University. Due to the lack of own production of primary aluminum in Ukraine, improving the mechanical and service properties of secondary aluminum alloys obtained from scrap is an urgent task. Research methods. The object of research was the secondary aluminum alloy AK7ч with chemical composition, %: 6.72 Si, 0.05 Cu, 0.08 Mn, 0.32 Mg, 0.02 Zn, 0.01 Ti, from 0.49 to 1 .59 Fe (5 fractions), the rest – Al. To neutralize the negative effect of iron and other impurities on the mechanical properties of the secondary alloy AK7ч, a complex technology (sorting of scrap, refining and modification of liquid metal) was used. The content of the complex modifying additive MK-1 was 0.10%; 0.12%; 0.14%; 0.16% and 0.20%, respectively, with increasing iron content. Yield strength, elongation, and hardness were determined by standard methods at room temperature. Fatigue tests were performed on a magnetostriction machine at a frequency of 18 kHz. Control of the frequency of oscillations was carried out using a frequency meter. The influence of the load frequency on the fatigue characteristics of the alloy was evaluated using the fatigue life curves with a limited endurance limit. Results. An increase in mechanical properties, including resistance to destruction at high load frequencies, has been achieved. Scientific novelty. New data were obtained on the effect of iron on the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy AK7ч. Practical value. The obtained results expand the possibilities of using secondary aluminum alloys. The established dependencies can be used in the optimization of the composition of secondary silumins.

Background. Blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) is a valuable source of bioactive compounds (BAC) of polyphenolic nature and rare for horticultural berries iridoids, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and other properties and are widely used in the food, medical and cosmetic industries.Materials and methods. The berries of 20 released honeysuckle cultivars of Russian, Canadian and U.S. origin, reproduced at the I.V. Michurin Federal Science Center in Tambov Province, were studied for the content of the main BAC groups using modern methods (spectrophotometry, HPLC-UV, HPLC-RID, and HPLC-DAD-MS).Results and discussion. The main BAC groups (the content and profile of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols and flavones, hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), iridoids, and organic acids) as well as mono- and disaccharides were studied in detail. A comparative study of the biological value of domestic and foreign honeysuckle cultivars was carried out.Conclusions. The study resulted in identifying the most promising cultivars of honeysuckle according to the content of the main BAC groups.

The article outlines the issues of introducing a factory method of growing fish planting material in individual fish farms of the Central Federal District on the basis of creating a network of specialized farms (reproducers), which will solve the problem of rapid introduction of existing and newly created fish species into production. At the same time, it is proposed to integrate production on the basis of cooperation and specialization, including vertical production links of various sectors of commercial fish farming (breeding, reproducers, etc.), which will create prerequisites for the efficiency of pond farms. Correlation analysis was used as a research tool for breeding and commodity farms of the Moscow region, on the basis of which the main factors affecting the cultivation of commercial fish were identified.

The creativity of Rozanov is realized as the flow of experiences and associations. This experiences are putting together by means of the topic-conception “becoming”, that belongs to ancient categories. This categories are used to collect the dividual intuitions of Rozanov. Doctrine of Rozanov is interpreted as the coordination between the outside and the inside ranges of becoming. The inside rang of becoming includes by Rozanov the movement of people and things from birth to death. The inside ranges are corresponded with concrete things and represents the complex analogues to the outside range. The specific by Rozanov lies in the impossibility of things to stop eternal formation. By Rozanov this formation eventually determines itself. It is by Rozanov the folded type of entropy. Rozanov explicates forms of entropy, when he describes his life und the being of world. His descriptions are the is the evidence. We explain the cosmos by Rozanov with help of ancient ontological categories and determine his creativity as an interaction between cosmos and chaos. To find balance between cosmos and chaos is the main eksistential problem of his doctrine and life. The decision of this problem is by Rozanov imposable, but this impossibility gives the opportunity to understand the world of Rozanov in context of different directions of philosophy.

The article shows that digitalization has changed every sphere of human life and reformed the social order in society, but at the same time, this process has contradictory consequences digital inequality, an increase in the share of a new social class of the precariat, deprived of most social guarantees within the traditional institutional structure of state social policy. The purpose of the article is to comprehensively study the role of social policy in the process of digital transformation of society in Western countries and to identify, on this basis, the general and specific patterns of formation and implementation of social policy, changes in the political approaches of the state to the development of the social sphere, including in the context of globalization processes.

The article considers the modern development of public administration in its connection with the use of digital technologies in order to increase the effectiveness of the activities of government bodies, their focus on the needs of the population, expand the possibility of implementing the social functions of the state, openness of decision-making processes and civil control of management activities. It is shown that on the basis of digitalization and, in particular, application of artificial intelligence solutions, the content of public administration, individual procedures and stages of the management cycle, as well as state functions are changing. The best practices of using artificial intelligence in digital public administration systems of various countries are considered, the possibilities of using smart solutions in systems of sustainable development of territories, in analytics and intergovernmental transfers within the framework of regional development are described.

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation and development of public-private partnerships in the modern economy, the need and economic essence of public-private partnerships, as well as models and forms of interaction in such partnerships, including examples of the implementation of this mechanism in various countries and regions. It is shown that in the modern world the institution of public-private partnership is becoming more widespread and constitutes the basis for the implementation of various infrastructure, municipal and community development, etc. projects at all levels of government. Based on the elements of case study method, public-private partnership is considered as the basis for the development of socio-economic systems in modern conditions.

The problem of the meaning of human life is investigated. The fundamental status of this prob-lem in the spectrum of philosophical knowledge is determined. In the concept of “the meaning of human life” there are two semantic bases integrated in it – pragmatic (regulatory), setting practical guidelines for programming life and theoretical (philosophical), justifying the goal and choice of life path, in accordance to the accepted worldview system and ideology. The analysis of the choice of the meaning of human life from the standpoint of religious and secular worldview is given. It is shown that in ideological discussions there is clearly a difference in thinking, ways of argumentation and proof of people with secular and religious world outlook. From the standpoint of philosophical analysis, the meaning of human life is the realization of the a priori mindset in the knowledge of one's being and oneself in it. It is concluded that a secular person does not receive the prescribed meaning of his life, he forms it by observing, getting acquainted with the ideas of the meaning of other people, corrects and forms the personal meaning of life.

The paper substantiates the application of methods of the theory of statistical hypotheses for the tasks of automation of technological processes. The functioning of the process automation system is considered as the management of a complex technical system. The operation of the automation system belongs to the multi-alternative in terms of the theory of statistical hypotheses: two hypotheses of the correct mode and two hypotheses of the erroneous operation of the system. The article provides general expressions for calculating the probabilities of these modes for two statistical models of the controlled parameter of the technological process and standard models of the metrological spread of the measuring channel. In this case, the accuracy class of the measuring channel should be expressed as a reduced error. The simulation of the operating modes of the process automation system is carried out within the framework of the theory of statistical hypotheses. The results of modeling for the normal probability density of the statistical model of the controlled quantity, uniform and triangular statistical models of estimation of the controlled parameter are presented. A program of statistical evaluation of the modes of operation of the automation system has been developed for symmetric and asymmetric statistical models of the spread of the controlled parameter and several models of metrological spread of the evaluation of the technological parameter. The calculation of the a priori probability of the normal functioning of the automation system of the technological process and the calculation of the a priori probability of erroneous operation of the automation system is given. Expressions for calculating a posteriori probability of the results of verification of measuring instruments of automation systems are obtained.

Background. The analysis of modern scientific literature indicates that if the list of indications for elective surgery in geriatric patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) meets the requirements of urological practice, then the contraindications for this operation clearly do not correspond to them.Aim. Based on the current list of contraindications to elective surgery in geriatric patients with BPH, to develop rational surgical tactics aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of postoperative complications and deaths.Materials and methods. Examination and treatment of 295 geriatric patients with stage 2 BPH (main group A) who underwent planned transurethral resection of the prostate or transpusical adenomectomy in the period from 2007 to 2015 at the Samara Regional Clinical Hospital of War Veterans (the clinical base of the First Research Institute of Clinical Gerontology and Rehabilitation of War Veterans of the Medical University “Reaviz”). During this period, 116 geriatric patients with stage 2 BPH (main group B) using the author’s list of contraindications, elective surgery was contraindicated. They underwent conservative treatment. The control group consisted of 344 geriatric patients with stage 2 BPH who underwent elective transurethral resection of the prostate or transpusical adenomectomy in the same Hospital from 2000 to 2006, taking into account the contraindications to these operations that existed at that time. The age of patients in all groups was from 60 to 89 years.Results. The use of this list made it possible to establish among 116 patients (main group B) excretory absolute contraindications to surgery were performed in 48.3 % of patients, relative present contraindications of the second – in 33.6 %, temporary contraindications of rendering – in 13.8 %, a special contraindication to transurethral resection of the prostate – in 1.7 %, special contraindications to transvesical adenomectomy – in 2.6 %, which contributed to the prevention of possible postoperative complications and deaths among them.Conclusion. The clinical expediency of using the author’s approach to the choice of surgical tactics, taking into account contraindications to elective surgery in geriatric patients of the main group A, compared with patients of the control group, consisted in reducing of postoperative complications and deaths and increasing of good immediate treatment results among them.

BACKGROUND: Effective anesthesia is one of the most important factors in rapid and successful rehabilitation after surgery. Inadequately selected analgesia and consequent pain significantly slow down the recovery process and are associated with several complications that cover almost all organs and systems and reduce the patients quality of life in the long term. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze 6 years of clinical experience with perioperative epidural anesthesia in the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, considering the effectiveness, safety, and satisfaction of patients and their legal representatives with this medical aid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective single-center continuous cohort study was conducted on patients who received epidural analgesia as part of perioperative anesthesia in the period from 2016 to 2021. Data from 702 (48.5%) boys and 745 (51.5%) girls were analyzed. Children were divided into three main groups according to age: from 1 month to 1 year (14.3%), from 1 year to 7 years (37.8%), and from 8 years to 18 years (47.8%). The area of surgical intervention was also considered: abdominal surgery (65.2%), thoracic (8.5%), and orthopedic (26.4%). The choice of the local anesthesia level has also influenced the results. The main study outcomes were the intensity of postoperative pain syndrome in pediatric oncosurgery and additional consumption of narcotic analgesics after the administration of a mixture of topical drugs with or without adjuvants into the epidural space. RESULTS: The effectiveness of epidural anesthesia in the intraoperative period was quite high, which is confirmed by the stability of hemodynamic parameters. Intraoperatively, additional administration of systemic narcotic analgesics was noted in 5% of the total sample. In all observed patients, epidural adjuvants (morphine and promedol) ensured the optimal duration of action and analgesic efficacy of caudal blockade in the postoperative period; therefore, additional painkillers were not needed. Satisfaction with the intervention was generally high, with 98% providing a rating of very good or good. CONCLUSION: Anesthesia methods (epidural blockade), optimal pain control, and active postoperative recovery (including early oral nutrition and mobilization) in fast-track surgery reduce stress reactions and organ dysfunction, significantly reducing the time required for a full recovery.

The World Health Organization estimates that one in every five individuals affected by war is at risk of developing mental illness. In Ukraine, this approximately approaches to 8.5 million people. According to the Ministry of Health’s predictions for the beginning of 2023, over 15 million Ukrainians will require psychological assistance due to the aftermath of war, with approximately 3.4 million requiring medical treatment. This review presents theoretical viewpoints and practical developments on the peculiarities of the pedagogical process and interdepartmental cooperation in fostering a comprehensive theoretical and clinical understanding of stress-related disorders among students by teams from the Department of Pathophysiology, Psychiatry, Narcology, and Medical Psychology of Poltava State Medical University. Stress-related disorders herein defined as a set of symptoms of varying degrees of severity caused by a significant subjectively perceived psychotraumatic event are classified into three groups by their manifestations: emotional disorders, cognitive disorders, and vegetative and somatic symptoms. To effectively prevent, diagnose, treat, and rehabilitate patients with stress-related disorders, students must receive interdisciplinary knowledge and training. Physiology and biochemistry of stress are introduced to students in the first year of their studies, and pathophysiology is taught through practical and experimental approaches. Medical psychology and psychiatry equip students with the skills and knowledge required to manage psychological responses to stress and evaluate clinical symptoms of stress-related disorders. Other clinical departments also provide relevant training on this subject. Therefore, a systematic approach to training students in diagnosis, therapy, and rehabilitation of patients with stress-related disorders is crucial. This requires a step-by-step, interdisciplinary integration of this issue, which is well reflected in the educational and professional programs of the second level of higher education.

The Ukrainian educational system is facing new challenges during wartime. To meet these new demands, the Department of Pathophysiology at Poltava State Medical University has revised the Master's Degree in Medicine curriculum, taking into account the specificities of providing healthcare during martial law. The goal of this initiative is to develop and substantiate an updated structure for Module No. 2, "Pathophysiology of Organs and Systems". The authors have given particular attention to the revision of the morbidity structure in military forces, which has changed significantly during hostilities. The consequences of blood loss and post-hemotransfusion reactions are prevalent, thus the possibility of allocating additional hours for practical sessions and lectures to study the pathogenetic influence of blood loss and the mechanisms of post-hemotransfusion reactions were considered. Furthermore, due to the possible damage inflicted on the civilian population by combat poisonous substances, a methodological approach has been added to the teaching of the theme on hypoxia. To address the challenges of wartime, Module No. 2, "Pathophysiology of Organs and Systems" will be expanded with two practical sessions ("Mechanisms of the Pathogenic Effect of Blood Loss on Organs and Systems", "Pathogenetic Methods of Blood Loss Correction and their Complications") and one lecture session ("Blood Loss: Aetiology and Pathogenesis") by redistributing hours from independent work. When teaching the topic "Hypoxia", special attention should be paid to the mechanisms of methemoglobin formation by various methemoglobin producers and the mechanisms of restoring hemoglobin to the physiological state by means of hyperbaric oxygenation, as well as the pathogenesis of tissue hypoxia under the action of hydrocyanic acid.

BACKGROUND: Statistics on the causes of death of patients with diabetes mellitus do not correspond to real indicators because of the insufficient level of diagnosis at the post-mortem stage of research in most regions of the country. AIM: This study aimed to statistically analyze the mortality of patients with diabetes as a result of diabetic coma in the period from 2017 to 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study examined blood and vitreous body of the eyes from 4444 patients with diabetes mellitus. The levels of glycohemoglobin in the blood and glucose, lactate, and acetoacetate in the vitreous body of the eyes were determined. The diagnosis of diabetic coma was made taking into account previously developed criteria. RESULTS: A total of 692 (15.6%) patients with diabetes mellitus died of diabetic coma. Diabetic coma-related deaths occupy a much larger percentage of cases than is available in statistical data because of the insufficient implementation of laboratory tests at the post-mortem stage of diagnosis and restricted coding of the cause of diabetic coma-related death of patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods for diagnosing diabetic comas are easy to perform, guarantee high accuracy and reliability of results, and are available for any specialized laboratory. CONCLUSION: The most common precomatous state (the beginning of the development of hyperosmolar non-ketoacidotic coma), which in combination with coma itself, leads to the highest rates of diabetic coma-related death. In recent years, diabetic coma-related death tended to reduce.

In the work the possibility of improving the strength properties of Ni3Al intermetallic compound by reducing its average grain size was studied using the example of microhardness. The authors investigated the effect of reaction mixture deformation during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) on the grain size and microhardness of Ni3Al intermetallic compound. SHS extrusion was carried out on the experimental stand, which allows continuous monitoring of synthesis parameters. It was established that one of the key factors affecting the characteristics of the grain structure and microhardness is degree of the synthesis product deformation. An increase in diameter of the extrusion hole from 3 to 5 mm leads to an increase in the maximum linear displacement of the press plunger due to active output of the material through a hole of the larger diameter. The above assumes a decrease in the material resistance to deformation when pressure is applied and an increase in degree of the material deformation inside the die and its decrease in the extruded material. Furthermore, the average grain size of Ni3Al remaining in the mold volume after synthesis decreases by 40 % (from 7 to 5 μm), and the material that passed through the extrusion hole increases by 2 times (from 3 to 6 µm). Compared to Ni3Al obtained by SHS compaction, the average grain size of the extruded intermetallic compound is 5.6 times smaller (from 17 to 3 μm). A decrease in the average grain size of extruded Ni3Al leads to an increase in microhardness by 600 MPa. The results obtained make it possible to develop recommendations for producing intermetallic compounds and alloys based on them with a fine grain size and high microhardness.

RELEVANCE The overall incidence of Achilles tendon rupture has been increasing in recent decades due to population aging, the growing prevalence of obesity and increased participation in sports. Achilles tendon ruptures are common injuries of the musculoskeletal system, and according to various authors, they account for 47% of all ruptures of human tendons and muscles, about 18 cases per 100 thousand people per year. Despite the abundance of various options of tendon suture in surgery, a wide choice of suture material and the use of precision techniques in tendon reconstruction, the proposed methods of macroscopic reconstruction of the tendon apparatus do not solve the problem of tendon suture failure.CONCLUSION Despite the abundance of proposed accesses to the Achilles tendon, the optimal one for all types of injuries has not yet been developed. Currently, there are no clear recommendations for choosing a specific method of treating an Achilles tendon rupture.

INTRODUCTION: Acute tumor lysis syndrome (ATLS) complicates the treatment of highly aggressive leukemia, lymphomas in children and is accompanied by a fatal outcome in 21.4 % of patients. The basis of ATLS is the decay of tumor cells, in which the volume of decay products exceeds the excretory capabilities of the kidneys. The ATLS risk group includes patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia accompanied by hyperleukocytosis (above 100×109/L) and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a large tumor mass (III–IV stages of the disease). To date, the volume of thematic publications in the aggregator of the PubMed medical database is not so large: over the past 10 years, there have been 12 articles, which makes the task of systematizing previously accumulated and recently received information even more relevant for the practitioner. OBJECTIVE: Generalization of the modern scientific base for the diagnosis and treatment of ATLS in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To highlight the modern scientific base concerning the diagnosis and treatment of ATLS in children with oncohematological diseases, a search was conducted in PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science Core Collection and Google Scholar systems for the period from 2000 to August 2022. RESULTS: In total, 94 articles were found, including 1 systematic review with meta-analysis and 16 review articles that meet the requirements. CONCLUSIONS: Conservative ATLS prophylaxis is effective in 93.4–93.6 % of patients. However, in 8.8–21.4 % of patients, ATLS acquires a rapid character, accompanied by the lack of the ability to conservatively correct the indicators of potassium, phosphorus, uric acid. Additional study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the complication, identification of key targets of drug therapy and a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of an extremely prognostically unfavorable group of oncohematological patients with advanced stages of the tumor process are possible components of further improving the effectiveness of ATLS therapy.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of patients of older age groups with cholelithiasis and its complications. Trans-light endoscopic and hybrid technologies for the treatment of cholelithiasis complicated by mechanical jaundice in such patients can reduce the proportion of traditional operations, the frequency of complications and mortality. AIM: To develop an algorithm for the treatment of cholelithiasis complicated by mechanical jaundice in elderly and senile patients based on the use of modern minimally invasive and hybrid technologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of the treatment of 116 elderly and senile patients with cholelithiasis complicated by mechanical jaundice from 2016 to 2021 has been carried out. RESULTS: After a comprehensive examination of patients, the following pathology has been diagnosed: choledocholithiasis (cholecystectomy in the anamnesis) in 7.8%; сholedocholithiasis (cholecystectomy in the anamnesis) + stricture of the distal choledochus in 9.5%; сholecystocholedocholithiasis in 82.7%, including choledocholithiasis without major duodenal papilla stricture in 7.3%, Mirizzi syndrome (including major duodenal papilla stenosis in 3.1%) in 5.2%, choledocholithiasis + stricture of the distal choledochus in 79.2% and choledocholithiasis + stricture of the distal choledochus + parafaterial diverticulum in 8.3% of the patients. The severity of the comorbidity index according to the Kaplan Feinstein scale in 2.6% of patients corresponded to a mild degree, in 70.7% to a moderate degree, in 26.7% to a severe degree. Trans-luminous endoscopic and hybrid technologies have been used to eliminate the stricture of the distal part of the bile duct and sanitation of the bile ducts. Traditional operations by endovideosurgical and mini-access as well as laparotomy have been performed in 5.2%, 13.8% and 2.6% of the patients, respectively. The mortality rate was 3.5%. Complications associated with endoscopic interventions have developed in 5 (4.3%) patients, including retrograde cholangiopancreatography-induced pancreatitis in 2, bleeding from the incision of the duodenal papilla in 3 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Trans-light endoscopic and hybrid technologies for the treatment of cholelithiasis complicated by mechanical jaundice in patients with severe comorbidity index can reduce the proportion of traditional operations, the frequency of complications and mortality.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative analgesia should begin even in the operating room, so that at the time of awakening the patient does not experience pain and discomfort. The work is devoted to the problems of postoperative analgesia using local anesthesia techniques in oncosurgery of the nasopharynx in children. AIM: The aim of the study to analyze the primary results of the use of local anesthesia methods in postoperative analgesia in pediatric oncosurgery of the nasopharynx. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study was conducted in the immediate postoperative period (16 hours) in ten patients, whose average age was 14 years with ENT surgical pathology. The physical status of the children corresponded to the III class according to the ASA classification. The patients were divided into two equal groups of 5 people: the 1st group included children who, for the purpose of postoperative analgesia at the end of the surgical intervention, underwent conduction anesthesia of the nose from three points according to Weisblat; the 2nd group (comparison group) is represented by patients in whom infraorbital anesthesia was used after surgery. Non-invasive monitoring of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate was carried out. The oxygen status was monitored by pulse oximetry. RESULTS: The data obtained from the analysis of hemodynamic parameters, pain assessment by VAS (Visual Analog Scale) testified to the effectiveness of pain relief in patients in the study groups. The main hemodynamic parameters and pain assessment data for the groups were similar to each other and were within the reference values. There were differences in the duration of postoperative analgesia. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed methods of postoperative analgesia make it possible to abandon the use of narcotic drugs, synthetic opioid analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but not excluding analgesics antipyretics. The positive first results of this study provide for the need for a further set of observations, possibly in different clinics due to the relative rarity of oncological pathology of the nasopharynx in childhood.

The article considers the restrictions algorithms for the trajectory parameters of aircraft motion. Three groups of algorithms are under consideration. They are distinguished by the volume of airborne database about terrain, modes of aircraft operation. The first group (the full SFITA mode) uses the maximum digital cartographic information (DCI) about the terrain. In the SFITA algorithms, the terrain is approximated in the form of planes in space in some predictable, pre-emptive area in the flight path direction. Terrain following is carried out in space in the assigned direction. The equation of the adjacent plane is solved. The distance, the approach speed, and the time to reach the plane are enumerated. The net acceleration to reduce the approach speed to the plane of restriction is calculated under the specified constraint controls. The required time is calculated to reduce the approach speed towards the obstacle to zero. Having equated the expressions for the time of reaching and the required time, transition towards the distance to the plane of restriction, on which it is imperative to utilize constraint controls. The second group (the major SFITA mode) uses the DCI about the terrain in the direction of track in a pre-emptive area. The terrain is approximated by a line in the plane. The specified normal overload is used as a means of control. Terrain following is conducted in the vertical or slant planes. Subsequently, the same procedures are used as in the first group. The third group (the minimum SFITA mode) does not use DCI. The radio and barometric pressure altimeters are used as information systems about the terrain. The given SFITA mode is selected only for flights in a flat terrain. The algorithm includes the similar procedures as in the first and in the second groups. The analytical analysis, confirming the adaptive properties of algorithmic support based on the fundamental law of uniformly retarded motion, is given. The considered algorithms efficiency is confirmed by a comprehensive amount of simulation. The presented algorithms can become the foundation for developing Russian TAWS analogues.

This paper reports a search for Higgs boson pair (hh) production in association with a vector boson ($$W\; {\text {o}r}\; Z$$ W o r Z ) using 139 fb$$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collision data at $$\sqrt{s}=13\,\text {TeV}$$ s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is performed in final states in which the vector boson decays leptonically ($$W\rightarrow \ell \nu ,\, Z\rightarrow \ell \ell ,\nu \nu $$ W → ℓ ν , Z → ℓ ℓ , ν ν with $$\ell =e, \mu $$ ℓ = e , μ ) and the Higgs bosons each decay into a pair of b-quarks. It targets Vhh signals from both non-resonant hh production, present in the Standard Model (SM), and resonant hh production, as predicted in some SM extensions. A 95% confidence-level upper limit of 183 (87) times the SM cross-section is observed (expected) for non-resonant Vhh production when assuming the kinematics are as expected in the SM. Constraints are also placed on Higgs boson coupling modifiers. For the resonant search, upper limits on the production cross-sections are derived for two specific models: one is the production of a vector boson along with a neutral heavy scalar resonance H, in the mass range 260–1000 GeV, that decays into hh, and the other is the production of a heavier neutral pseudoscalar resonance A that decays into a Z boson and H boson, where the A boson mass is 360–800 GeV and the H boson mass is 260–400 GeV. Constraints are also derived in the parameter space of two-Higgs-doublet models.

This paper presents a statistical combination of searches targeting final states with two top quarks and invisible particles, characterised by the presence of zero, one or two leptons, at least one jet originating from a b-quark and missing transverse momentum. The analyses are searches for phenomena beyond the Standard Model consistent with the direct production of dark matter in pp collisions at the LHC, using 139 fb$$^{-\text {1}}$$ - 1 of data collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The results are interpreted in terms of simplified dark matter models with a spin-0 scalar or pseudoscalar mediator particle. In addition, the results are interpreted in terms of upper limits on the Higgs boson invisible branching ratio, where the Higgs boson is produced according to the Standard Model in association with a pair of top quarks. For scalar (pseudoscalar) dark matter models, with all couplings set to unity, the statistical combination extends the mass range excluded by the best of the individual channels by 50 (25) GeV, excluding mediator masses up to 370 GeV. In addition, the statistical combination improves the expected coupling exclusion reach by 14% (24%), assuming a scalar (pseudoscalar) mediator mass of 10 GeV. An upper limit on the Higgs boson invisible branching ratio of 0.38 ($$\text {0.30}^{+\text {0.13}}_{-\text {0.09}}$$ 0.30 - 0.09 + 0.13 ) is observed (expected) at 95% confidence level.

In a special run of the LHC with $$\beta ^{\star } = 2.5$$ β ⋆ = 2.5 km, proton–proton elastic-scattering events were recorded at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of $$340~\upmu {\text {b}}^{-1}$$ 340 μ b - 1 using the ALFA subdetector of ATLAS in 2016. The elastic cross section was measured differentially in the Mandelstam t variable in the range from $$-t = 2.5 \cdot 10^{-4}$$ - t = 2.5 · 10 - 4 GeV$$^{2}$$ 2 to $$-t = 0.46$$ - t = 0.46 GeV$$^{2}$$ 2 using 6.9 million elastic-scattering candidates. This paper presents measurements of the total cross section $$\sigma _{\text {tot}}$$ σ tot , parameters of the nuclear slope, and the $$\rho $$ ρ -parameter defined as the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic-scattering amplitude in the limit $$t \rightarrow 0$$ t → 0 . These parameters are determined from a fit to the differential elastic cross section using the optical theorem and different parameterizations of the t-dependence. The results for $$\sigma _{\text {tot}}$$ σ tot and $$\rho $$ ρ are $$\begin{aligned} \sigma _{\text {tot}}(pp\rightarrow X) = 104.7 \pm 1.1 \; \text{ mb },\quad \rho = 0.098 \pm 0.011 . \end{aligned}$$ σ tot ( p p → X ) = 104.7 ± 1.1 mb , ρ = 0.098 ± 0.011 . The uncertainty in $$\sigma _{\text {tot}}$$ σ tot is dominated by the luminosity measurement, and in $$\rho $$ ρ by imperfect knowledge of the detector alignment and by modelling of the nuclear amplitude.

This paper presents a measurement of b-jet production in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{_\text {NN}}}=5.02$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurement uses 260 $$\text {pb}^{-1}$$ pb - 1 of pp collisions collected in 2017 and 1.4 $$\text {nb}^{-1}$$ nb - 1 of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018. In both collision systems, jets are reconstructed via the anti-$$k_{t}$$ k t algorithm. The b-jets are identified from a sample of jets containing muons from the semileptonic decay of b-quarks using template fits of the muon momentum relative to the jet axis. In pp collisions, b-jets are reconstructed for radius parameters $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 and $$R= 0.4$$ R = 0.4 , and only $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 jets are used in Pb+Pb collisions. For comparison, inclusive $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 jets are also measured using 1.7 $$\text {nb}^{-1}$$ nb - 1 of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018 and the same pp collision data as the b-jet measurement. The nuclear modification factor, $$R_\text {AA}$$ R AA , is calculated for both b-jets and inclusive jets with $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 over the transverse momentum range of 80–290 GeV. The nuclear modification factor for b-jets decreases from peripheral to central collisions. The ratio of the b-jet $$R_\text {AA}$$ R AA to inclusive jet $$R_\text {AA}$$ R AA is also presented and suggests that the $$R_\text {AA}$$ R AA for b-jets is larger than that for inclusive jets in central Pb+Pb collisions. The measurements are compared with theoretical calculations and suggest a role for mass and colour-charge effects in partonic energy loss in heavy-ion collisions.

The deployment of plasmonic nanostructures to enhance nonlinear signal generation requires effective far-to-near field coupling and phase matching for frequency conversion. While the latter can be easily achieved at plasmonic hotspots, the former is an antenna problem that requires dedicated structural design and optimization. Plasmonic gratings are a simple but effective platform for nonlinear signal generation since they provide a well-defined momentum for photon-plasmon coupling and local hotspots for frequency conversion. In this work, a plasmonic azimuthally chirped grating (ACG), which provides spatially resolved broadband momentum for photon-plasmon coupling, was exploited to investigate the plasmonic enhancement effect in two nonlinear optical processes, namely two-photon photoluminescence (TPPL) and second-harmonic generation (SHG). The spatial distributions of the nonlinear signals were determined experimentally by hyperspectral mapping with ultrashort pulsed excitation. The experimental spatial distributions of nonlinear signals agree very well with the analytical prediction based solely on photon-plasmon coupling with the momentum of the ACG, revealing the antenna function of the grating in plasmonic nonlinear signal generation. This work highlights the importance of the antenna effect of the gratings for nonlinear signal generation and provides insight into the enhancement mechanism of plasmonic gratings in addition to local hotspot engineering., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

The aim of this research is to generalize the international practice of internal auditing of financial transactions to substantiate alternatives to their rational use by financial monitoring entities in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to summarize the key changes in international FATF standards and examine the use of a risk-oriented approach by Ukrainian entities in combating AML or CFT. Assessment of audit risk using quantitative characteristics is assumed on the basis of the most commonly used mathematical three-factor multiplicative model. Turning to the EU’s experience is relevant for the global expert and regulators communities given the necessity to consider the best world practices. Summarizing the above provisions of the theory and practice of the risk-oriented approach for Ukrainian SFM allowed for identification of the areas of its practical implementation in the system of internal audit of financial transactions. The presence of an internal audit service will increase the degree of trust that government representatives have in such companies and the likelihood that a mutually beneficial partnership will develop between the parties.

Background. Acute tumor lysis syndrome (ATLS) complicates the treatment of highly aggressive leukemias and lymphomas in children and leads to death in 21.4 % of severe cases. ATLS is based on the death of tumor cells, so the volume of decay products exceeds the excretory capacity of the kidneys. The ATLS risk group includes patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia accompanied by hyperleukocytosis (above 100 × 109/L) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas with a large tumor mass (stage III–Iv of the disease). The development of acute renal and then multiple organ failure require intensive monitoring of ATLS clinical and biochemical markers and the development of optimal patient management tactics jointly by an intensive care physician and a pediatric oncologist-hematologist.Aim. To summarize the literature and our own clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of ATLS in pediatric oncohematology.Materials and methods. The literature data on the diagnosis and treatment of ATLS in children with oncohematological diseases were analyzed. Summarized own clinical experience from January 2009 to January 2022.Results. Of 379 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, who are at risk for developing ATLS, 350 (93.4 %) patients underwent conservative ATLS therapy, of which in 31 (8.8 %) cases, hemodiafiltration was required to eliminate tumor decay products. The average number of hemodiafiltration procedures is 3 (from 1 to 15). Nevertheless, despite the whole range of therapeutic measures, the addition of infectious and multiple organ complications caused death in 7 (22.6 %) of 31 patients. Most (5 out of 7) fatal cases occurred between 2009 and 2013, and the number of lethal cases because of ATLS from 2014 to 2022 years were only 2. In 24 (77.4 %) patients, the signs of ATLS were successfully managed, the patients continued antitumor treatment. when observing patients for 6 years (from 7 months to 13 years), there were no signs of disease relapse, as well as renal dysfunction.Conclusion. prevention and treatment of ATLS, including cytoreductive prephase, infusion therapy, allopurinol and rasburicase, and in case of ineffectiveness, hemodiafiltration is the basis of modern intensive therapy for hematological malignancies in children. Additional study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of ATLS development, identification of key targets of drug therapy, and a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of an extremely unfavorable group of oncohematological patients with advanced stages of the tumor process are possible components for further increasing the effectiveness of ATLS therapy.

The reproductive performance of sows largely determines the efficiency of the entire pig farming industry. The purpose of our work is the evaluation of polymorphism of the ryanodine receptor gene and its impact on the reproductive traits of sows of the Welsh breed of pigs. For this study, 148 pigs of the Welsh breed were used. The reproductive traits of sows were evaluated in two adjacent generations. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the reproductive ability of sows using the SIRQS (selection index of reproductive qualities of sows), determined phenotypic consolidation coefficients and assessed the genetic potential of the animals’ productivity. The polymorphism of the RYR1 gene was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). Data processing was performed using single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA). Polymorphism of the ryanodine receptor gene in sows of the Welsh pig breed was evaluated. 8.0% of the animals were identified as carriers of the mutant allele of the RYR1 gene. However, no homozygous RYR1-nn animals were found. Pigs of the maternal generation carrying the homozygous NN genotype had better reproductive performance in all indicators. Sows that were carriers of the mutant allele were characterized by lower values of the genetic productivity potential compared with the entire estimated population for all productive traits. Sows which were free of the mutant allele of the RYR1 gene were characterized by large values of the SIRQS index. The values of the coefficients of phenotypic consolidation of the number of live born piglets in sows without the mutant allele were lower than in sows with the mutant allele n. Better performance of sows free of the mutant allele of the RYR1 gene was established over sows carrying it in all evaluated traits of reproductive capacity (for different traits P ranged from 0.021 to 1.0*10–4), except for number of piglets born alive per sow in the daughter generation. Sows with the NN genotype had better selection index values by 15.7% in the maternal generation and by 10.2% in the daughter generation. In order to increase the reproductive ability of sows in the studied population of Welsh pigs and achieve similar results in other herds of this breed, animals free from the mutant allele of the RYR1 gene should be selected for further reproduction in the process of breeding, while on the contrary, carriers of this gene should be gradually eliminated from the herd. To carry out breeding work, further research is needed on the entire population of Welsh pigs for the RYR1 gene.