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3. Prevalence of non-aromatic carbonaceous molecules in the inner regions of circumstellar envelopes

Author

Martínez L., Santoro G., Merino P., Accolla M., Lauwaet K., Sobrado J., Sabbah H., Pelaez R.J., Herrero V.J., Tanarro I., Agúndez M., Martín-Jimenez A., Otero R., Ellis G.J., Joblin C., Cernicharo J., Martín-Gago J.A. and We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy Grant ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). We also acknowledge partial support from the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) through grants MAT2017-85089-c2-1R, FIS2016-77578-R and FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P. Support from the FotoArt-CM Project (P2018/NMT-4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2013, cofinanced by European Structural Funds, is also recognized.

Published
2020

4. INFRA-ICE: An ultra-high vacuum experimental station for laboratory astrochemistry

Author

Santoro G., Sobrado J.M., Tajuelo-Castilla G., Accolla M., Martínez L., Azpeitia J., Lauwaet K., Cernicharo J., Ellis G.J., Martín-Gago J.Á. and We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy Grant No. ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). In addition, partial support from the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) through Grant Nos. MAT2017-85089-c2-1R and FIS2016-77578-R is acknowledged. Support from the FotoArt-CM Project (No. P2018/NMT 4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2013, co-financed by European Structural Funds, is also acknowledged. G.T.-C. acknowledges funding from the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Grant No. PEJD-2018-PRE/IND-9029). G.S. and G.J.E. would like to thank Stephane Lefrançois for valuable discussions on the mechanical details of the optical coupling.

Published
2020

7. Early Grain Detections in the Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Rotundi, A., Della Corte, V., Fulle, M., Accolla, M., Ferrari, M., Ivanovski, S., Lucarelli, F., Sordini, R., Zakharov, V., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Rodriguez, J., Colangeli, L., Palumbo, P., Crifo, J. C., Bussoletti, E., Esposito, F., Green, S., Grün, E., Lamy, P. L., Mcdonnell, J. A. M., Vito Mennella, Molina, A., Morales, R., Moreno, F., Ortiz, J. L., Palomba, E., Perrin, J. -M, Rietmeijer, F. J. M., Rodrigo, R., Weissman, P. R., Zarnecki, J. C., Cosi, M., Giovane, F., Gustafson, B., Herranz, M. L., Jeronimo, J. M., Leese, M. R., Lopez-Jimenez, A., and Altobelli, N.

11. Dust Measurements in the Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Inbound to the Sun Between 3.7 and 3.4 AU

Author

Fulle, M., Della Corte, V., Rotundi, A., Accolla, M., Ferrari, M., Ivanovski, S., Lucarelli, F., Sordini, R., Zakharov, V., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Rodriguez, J., Colangeli, L., Palumbo, P., Bussoletti, E., Crifo, J., Francesca Esposito, Green, S. F., Gruen, E., Lamy, P. L., Mcdonnell, J. A. M., Mennella, V., Molina, A., Morales, R., Moreno, F., Ortiz, J. L., Palomba, E., Perrin, J., Rodrigo, R., Weissman, P., Zarnecki, J. C., Cosi, M., Giovane, F., Gustafson, B., Herranz, M. L., Jeronimo, J. M., Leese, M. R., Lopez-Jimenez, A. C., Altobelli, N., Sierks, H., Agarwal, J., Bertini, I., Fornasier, S., Gutierrez, P. J., Lara, L., Guettler, C., Marzari, F., Oaklay, N., Snodgrass, C., Tubiana, C., and Vincenzo, J. B.

Abstract

GIADA and OSIRIS dust data, combined with data from MIRO and ROSINA instruments onboard Rosetta, from 3.7 to 3.4 AU inbound provide a dust/gas ratio of 4 ± 2.

13. GIADA: State of Health during the Seven Years of Rosetta Cruise

Author

Rotundi, A., Della Corte, V., Bussoletti, E., Colangeli, L., Palumbo, P., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Rodriguez, J., Accolla, M., Aronica, A., Esposito, F., Marco Ferrari, Fulle, M., Ivanovski, S., Jeronimo, J. M., Lopez-Jimenez, A., Lucarelli, F., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Mennella, V., Morales, R., Moreno, F., Palomba, E., and Sordini, R.

16. GIADA On-Board Rosetta: Early Dust Grain Detections and Dust Coma Characterization of Comet 67P/C-G

Author

Rotundi, A., Della Corte, V., Accolla, M., Ferrari, M., Ivanovski, S., Lucarelli, F., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Sordini, R., Palumbo, P., Colangeli, L., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Rodriguez, J., Fulle, M., Bussoletti, E., Crifo, J. F., Francesca Esposito, Green, S., Grün, E., Lamy, P. L., Mcdonnell, T., Mennella, V., Molina, A., Moreno, F., Ortiz, J. L., Palomba, E., Perrin, J. M., Rodrigo, R., Weissman, P. R., Zakharov, V., and Zarnecki, J.

17. Silicon and Hydrogen Chemistry under Laboratory Conditions Mimicking the Atmosphere of Evolved Stars

Author

Lidia Martínez, Mario Accolla, Isabel Tanarro, Guillermo Tajuelo-Castilla, José A. Martín-Gago, José Cernicharo, Jesús Manuel Sobrado, Miguel Jiménez-Redondo, Christine Joblin, Víctor J. Herrero, Pablo Merino, Gonzalo Santoro, Luis Vázquez, Accolla, M. [0000-0002-9509-5967], Santoro, G. [0000-0003-4751-2209], Merino, P. [0000-0002-0267-4020], Martínez, L. [0000-0002-9370-2962], Tajuelo Castilla, G. [0000-0001-7877-2543], Vázquez, L. [0000-0001-6220-2810], Sobrado, J. M. [0000-0002-7359-0262], Agúndez, M. [0000-0003-3248-3564], Herrero, V. J. [0000-0002-7456-4832], Jiménez Redondo, M. [0000-0001-9221-8426], Tanarro, I. [0000-0002-1888-513X], Cernicharo, J. [0000-0002-3518-2524], Martín Gago, J. A. [0000-0003-2663-491X], European Commission (EC), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Comunidad de Madrid, and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)

Subjects
Astrochemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Silicon, Hydrogen, Silicate grains, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Article, Astrobiology, Atmosphere, Interstellar Dust, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, Interstellar Dust Processes, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cosmic dust, Laboratory astrophysics, Chemistry, Condensation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Interestellar dust processes
Abstract

IOP Publishing [Society Publisher] Silicon is present in interstellar dust grains, meteorites and asteroids, and to date 13 silicon-bearing molecules have been detected in the gas phase toward late-type stars or molecular clouds, including silane and silane derivatives. In this work, we have experimentally studied the interaction between atomic silicon and hydrogen under physical conditions mimicking those in the atmosphere of evolved stars. We have found that the chemistry of Si, H, and H2 efficiently produces silane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) and amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) grains. Silane has been definitely detected toward the carbon-rich star IRC +10216, while disilane has not been detected in space yet. Thus, based on our results, we propose that gas-phase reactions of atomic Si with H and H2 are a plausible source of silane in C-rich asymptotic giant branch stars, although its contribution to the total SiH4 abundance may be low in comparison with the suggested formation route by catalytic reactions on the surface of dust grains. In addition, the produced a-Si:H dust analogs decompose into SiH4 and Si2H6 at temperatures above 500 K, suggesting an additional mechanism of formation of these species in envelopes around evolved stars. We have also found that the exposure of these dust analogs to water vapor leads to the incorporation of oxygen into Si–O–Si and Si–OH groups at the expense of SiH moieties, which implies that if this kind of grain is present in the interstellar medium, it will probably be processed into silicates through the interaction with water ices covering the surface of dust grains. We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy grant ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). Also, we acknowledge partial support from the Spanish MINECO through grants MAT2017-85089-c2-1R, FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P, FIS2016-77578-R, AYA2016-75066-C2-1-P and RyC-2014-16277. Support from the FotoArt-CM Project (P2018/NMT 4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2013, cofinanced by European Structural Funds, is also acknowledged. G.T.C. acknowledges funding from the Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (PEJD-2018-PRE/IND-9029). Peerreview

Published
2021
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18. The Chemistry of Cosmic Dust Analogs from C, C2, and C2H2 in C-rich Circumstellar Envelopes

Author

Lidia Martínez, Christine Joblin, Mario Accolla, Gonzalo Santoro, José A. Martín-Gago, Pablo Merino, Jesús Manuel Sobrado, Hassan Sabbah, Guillermo Tajuelo-Castilla, Alvaro Mayoral, Koen Lauwaet, Ramón J. Peláez, José Cernicharo, Marcelino Agúndez, Víctor J. Herrero, Isabel Tanarro, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), IMDEA Nanociencia (IMDEA), Instituto de Física Fundamental [Madrid] (IFF), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), ShanghaiTech University [Shanghai], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santorio, G. [0000-0003-4751-2209], Accolla, M. [0000-0002-9509-5967], Agúndez, M. [0000-0003-3248-3564], Sabbah, H. [0000-0001-5722-4388], Joblin, C. [0000-0003-1561-6118], Cernicharo, J. [0000-0002-3518-2524], Martín Gago, J. M. [0000-0003-2663-491X], European Commission (EC), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
stars, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Asymptotic giant branch, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Plasma physics, lines and bands -methods, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Diatomic carbon, Benzene, Post-asymptotic giant branch, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Cosmic dust, Laboratory astrophysics, Protoplanetary nebulae, extinction -ISM, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Circumstellar matter, solid state, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 3. Good health, Circumstellar dust, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, chemistry, Acetylene, AGB and post-AGB -circumstellar matter -dust, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), molecular -methods, Atomic carbon, Molecular physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], laboratory, Carbon
Abstract

13 pags., 12 figs., 2 tabs., Interstellar carbonaceous dust is mainly formed in the innermost regions of circumstellar envelopes around carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs). In these highly chemically stratified regions, atomic and diatomic carbon, along with acetylene, are the most abundant species after H and CO. In a previous study, we addressed the chemistry of carbon (C and C) with H showing that acetylene and aliphatic species form efficiently in the dust formation region of carbon-rich AGBs whereas aromatics do not. Still, acetylene is known to be a key ingredient in the formation of linear polyacetylenic chains, benzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as shown by previous experiments. However, these experiments have not considered the chemistry of carbon (C and C) with CH. In this work, by employing a sufficient amount of acetylene, we investigate its gas-phase interaction with atomic and diatomic carbon. We show that the chemistry involved produces linear polyacetylenic chains, benzene, and other PAHs, which are observed with high abundances in the early evolutionary phase of planetary nebulae. More importantly, we have found a nonnegligible amount of pure and hydrogenated carbon clusters as well as aromatics with aliphatic substitutions, both being a direct consequence of the addition of atomic carbon. The incorporation of alkyl substituents into aromatics can be rationalized by a mechanism involving hydrogen abstraction followed by methyl addition. All the species detected in the gas phase are incorporated into nanometric-sized dust analogs, which consist of a complex mixture of sp, sp, and sp hydrocarbons with amorphous morphology., We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy grant ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). Also, partial support from the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) through grants MAT2017-85089-c2- 1R, FIS2016-77578-R, FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P, AYA2016- 75066-C2-1-P, and RyC-2014-16277 is acknowledged. Support from the FotoArt-CM Project (P2018/NMT 4367) through the Program of R&D activities between research groups in Technologies 2013, co-financed by European Structural Funds, is also acknowledged. G.TC. acknowledges funding from the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (PEJD-2018-PRE/ IND-9029)

Published
2020
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