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Background: L-Ascorbic acid (AA) is a highly unstable compound, thus, limiting its use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, particularly at higher concentrations. Objective: This study aimed to stabilize the highly sensitive molecule (AA) by encapsulating it in β- cyclodextrin nanosponges (β-CD NS) that can be used further in preparing cosmeceuticals products with higher AA concentrations and enhanced stability. Methods: The NS has been synthesized by the melting method. The AA was encapsulated in β-CD NS by the freeze-drying process. The prepared NS were characterized by FTIR spectrometry, SEM, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), zeta sizer, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and the physical flow characteristics were also studied. The in vitro drug release was carried out on the Franz apparatus using a combination of two methods: sample & separate and dialysis membrane. The assay was performed using a validated spectrometric method. Results: The entrapment efficiency of AA in β-CD NS indicated a good loading capacity (83.57±6.35%). The FTIR, SEM, AFM, and DSC results confirmed the encapsulation of AA in β-CD NS. The particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential results ascertained the formation of stabilized monodisperse nanoparticles. The physical flow characteristics showed good flow properties. Around 84% AA has been released from the NS in 4 h following the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The AA-loaded NS remained stable for nine months when stored at 30±2°C/65±5% RH. Conclusion: It is concluded that the prepared NS can protect the highly sensitive AA from degradation and provide an extended-release of the vitamin. The prepared AA-loaded β-CD NS can be used to formulate other cosmeceutical dosage forms with better stability and effect.

Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM) are distributed in Pakistan, Afghanistan and India. Both of these plants have different pharmacological properties. This study was designed to evaluate anticancer potential of Acacia modesta (AM) and Opuntia monocantha (OM). Liver cancer cell line HepG2 was used for assessment of anticancer activity. For the evaluation of anti-proliferative effects, cell viability and cell death in all groups of cells were evaluated via MTT, crystal violet and trypan blue assays. For the evaluation of apoptosis ELISA of p53 performed. Furthermore, LDH assay to find out the ability of malignant cells to metabolize pyruvate to lactate and antioxidant enzymes activity (GSH, CAT and SOD) at the end HPLC was performed to find active compound of AM and OM. Cytotoxicity (MTT), Viability assays (trypan blue, crystal viability, MUSE analysis) showed more dead, less live cells in plant treated groups with increase of concentration. Scratch assay for the anti-migratory effect of these plants showed treated groups have not ability to heal scratch/wound. ELISA of p53 for cellular apoptosis showed more release of p53 in treated groups. Antioxidant assay via glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) showed less anti-oxidative potential in treated cancer groups. LDH assay showed more lactate dehydrogenase release in treated groups compared with untreated. HPLC analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals such as steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinone and amino acids in AM and OM plant extracts. Based on all these findings, it can be concluded that ethanolic extracts of Acacia modesta and Opuntia monocantha have promising anti-cancer potential. Resumo Acacia modesta (AM) e Opuntia monocantha (OM) estão distribuídas no Paquistão, Afeganistão e Índia. Ambas as plantas têm propriedades farmacológicas diferentes. Este estudo foi desenhado para avaliar o potencial anticancerígeno de Acacia modesta (AM) e Opuntia monocantha (OM). A linha celular de câncer de fígado HepG2 foi usada para avaliação da atividade anticâncer. Para a avaliação dos efeitos antiproliferativos, a viabilidade celular e a morte celular em todos os grupos de células foram avaliadas através dos ensaios de MTT, cristal violeta e azul de tripano. Para a avaliação da apoptose foi realizado ELISA de p53. Além disso, o ensaio de LDH para descobrir a capacidade das células malignas de metabolizar o piruvato em lactato e a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes (GSH, CAT e SOD) no final da HPLC foi realizado para encontrar o composto ativo de AM e OM. Citotoxicidade (MTT), ensaios de viabilidade (azul de tripano, viabilidade de cristal, análise MUSE) mostraram mais células mortas e menos células vivas nos grupos tratados com plantas com aumento da concentração. O ensaio de arranhão para o efeito anti-migratório dessas plantas mostrou que os grupos tratados não têm capacidade de cicatrizar arranhão/ferida. ELISA de p53 para apoptose celular mostrou maior liberação de p53 nos grupos tratados. Ensaio antioxidante via glutationa (GSH), superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) mostrou menor potencial antioxidante nos grupos de câncer tratados. O ensaio de LDH mostrou mais liberação de lactato desidrogenase nos grupos tratados em comparação com os não tratados. A análise de HPLC mostrou a presença de fitoquímicos como esteróides, alcalóides, fenóis, flavonóides, saponinas, taninos, antraquinona e aminoácidos nos extratos vegetais AM e OM. Com base em todos esses achados, pode-se concluir que os extratos etanólicos de Acacia modesta e Opuntia monocantha apresentam potencial anticancerígeno promissor.

Objective: To determine the frequency of hyperuricemia and fetal outcome in pre-eclamptic pregnant patients. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Department of OBG Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: January 15, 2022 to January 15, 2023. Material & Methods: Total 200 preeclamptic patients were enrolled and 5c.c of blood was drawn for serum uric acid level. The normal values took 3.1-6.3 mg/dl. Fetal outcome were intrauterine death, premaurity, intrauterine growth restriction with low birth weight recorded. Results: Frequency of hyperuricemia was calculated as 42% (n=84) where normal uric acid levels were recorded in 58% (n=116). IUD in hyperuricemia was 8.33%(n=7) and 2.59%(n=3) in normal uric acid levels, p=0.06, preterm delivery in hyperuricemia was 52.38%(n=44) and 20.69%(n=24) in normal uric acid level, p=0.000, CS in 55.95%(n=47) in hyperuricemia and 22.41%(n=26) in normal uric acid levels whereas SVD was 44.05%(n=37) in hyperuricemia and 77.59%(n=90) in normal uric acid levels, p=0.000, low birth weight was recorded in 52.38%(n=44) in hyperuricemia whereas 14.66%(n=17) in normal uric acid levels, p=0.000. Conclusion: the frequency of fetal outcome is adverse in hyperuricemia in pre-eclamptic patients as compared to normal serum uric acid levels.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health problem in Pakistan and persistent diarrhea under two years of age is one of its major reasons. Objectives: To determine the frequency of IDA among children 1-2 years of age and to find its association with persistent diarrhea and parasitic infestation. Methods: In this hospital-based study, 345 children 1-2 years of age visiting OPD of Tehsil Headquarter Hospital, with persistent diarrhea were included. Socio-demographic characteristics of children and their parents collected with the questionnaire while total body iron stores determined by checking Hemoglobin (Hb), Serum Ferritin and Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) in the blood while parasitic infestation was determined by Ova and Cyst in the stool samples. Chi-square test was used to test association. Results: Out of total children, 55.9% children were bottle fed, weaning was started among 97.7% children at the age of 6 months, 44.9% had weight 450 µg/dl and serum ferritin level

Sangseo Kim,1 Sadikalmahdi Abdella,1 Fatima Abid,1 Franklin Afinjuomo,1 Souha H Youssef,1 Amy Holmes,1 Yunmei Song,1 Sachin Vaidya,2 Sanjay Garg1 1Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; 2Central Adelaide Local Health Network, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, 5011, AustraliaCorrespondence: Sanjay Garg, Tel +61 8 8302 1575, Email Sanjay.garg@unisa.edu.auBackground: Imiquimod (IMQ) is an immunomodulating drug that is approved for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis, external genital warts and perianal warts. However, IMQ cream (Aldara®) has several drawbacks including poor skin permeation, local toxicity, and compromised patient compliance as a topical pharmacological option.Methods: Our research aimed to develop and optimize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) containing IMQ for the first time using a hybrid design of experiments approach. The optimized formulation was then incorporated into a matrix-type topical patch as an alternative dosage form for topical application and evaluated for IMQ deposition across different skin layers in comparison to the performance of the commercial product. Additionally, our work also attempted to highlight the possibility of implementing environment-friendly practices in our IMQ-NLCs formulation development by reviewing our analytical methods and experimental designs and reducing energy and solvent consumption where possible.Results: In this study, stearyl alcohol, oleic acid, Tween® 80 (polysorbate 80), and Gelucire® 50/13 (Stearoyl polyoxyl-32 glycerides) were selected for formulation development. The formulation was optimized using a 2k factorial design and a central composite design. The optimized formulation achieved the average particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of 75.6 nm, 0.235, and – 30.9 mV, respectively. Subsequently, a matrix-type patch containing IMQ-NLCs was developed and achieved a statistically significant improvement in IMQ deposition in the deeper skin layers. The IMQ deposition from the patch into the dermis layer and receptor chamber was 3.3 ± 0.9 μg/cm2 and 12.3 ± 2.2 μg/cm2, while the commercial cream only deposited 1.0 ± 0.8 μg/cm2 and 1.5 ± 0.5 μg/cm2 of IMQ, respectively.Conclusion: In summary, IMQ-NLC-loaded patches represent great potential as a topical treatment option for skin cancer with improved patient compliance.Keywords: imiquimod, nanostructured lipid carrier, design of experiments, topical patches, skin cancer, greenness evaluation

Under the influence of neo-liberalism and marketization, education is increasingly becoming more content-focused than character one. Ignoring the fact that money, science, and technology may take a person to the moon, these are ethical and moral values that take him/her to the even loftier heights of humanity. Recent COVID-19-driven focus on information and communication technology (ICT) and digital learning have further added to these woes by focusing more on human-machine interaction than human-human ones. Traditional models for inculcating these values through education which heavily rely on the physical presence of teachers do not seem to work in these circumstances. This demands a model for inculcating these values in learning management systems/ e-learning platforms. This study contributes in this regard by first identifying key players and factors, and then proposing a model for it. Using the Delphi model, it gathers opinions from 59 experts in two rounds. Academic institutions, society and online community members, teachers, and e-contents were identified as key factors and players. It suggests a holistic approach-based model through which all of them play their role and collaborate through an e-learning platform. That platform can be used to disseminate information, create awareness, monitor, and report the e-learners. It uses pull and push strategies to help the e-learners to develop those values.

One of the commonest symptomatology in gynecological outpatient clinics is chronic pelvic pain, it accounts for 10% of gynecologist’s general clinics patients. The study aimed to To evaluate the role of laparoscopy in evaluation of CPP, and its correlation with clinical examination and vaginal ultrasound examination. The present prospective study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Salah Al-Deen general hospital in Tikrit city from 1stApril- 31st August 2020. The study sample consists of 30 patients with chronic pelvic pain, according to the ACOG criteria, with a convenient sampling method. The data collection done through: a designed closed and open-ended questionnaire, physical examination, transvaginal ultrasound & laparoscopic examination for the 30 patients for evaluation of chronic pelvic pain. By laparoscopic examination (90%) of patients had positive findings, pelvic examination identified (89%) of them correctly. Those with negative findings in laparoscopy was (10%) of patient, (33.3%) of them were diagnosed as negative by pelvic examination, there were miss diagnosis in (67%) of the negative patient and (11.1%) of positive diagnosed patient, this was a statically significant relation. Sensitivity of TVS was 85%, versus 89% for the pelvic examination. Specificity for TVS, and pelvic examination was (100%), (33%) respectively. Accuracy of the test for TVS, and pelvic examination was (87%), (83%) respectively. Exploratory laparoscopy provides a definitive diagnosis in 90% of women complaining of unexplained CPP. The surgical treatment of these lesions improves painful symptomatology in 70% of women .

The culture in Hofstede's work offered a lens through which to view cross-cultural disparities. The model proposes the concept of 'power distance (PD)' as means of understanding the gap between authority and power between governors/leaders and the governed/followers. 'Political apathy' (PA) and alienation are common among citizens who experience high power distance (High-PD). Citizens are more likely to get involved in politics, vote, and take action when there is less of a gap between them and those in the power. The purpose of this research was to quantify the quality of these connection from the perspective of academics at Thal University Bhakkar, Punjab Pakistan. The results of study provide significant information about the existence of the potential relationships between variables which thus help in reaching the desired conclusion. The positive and negative associations between PD and PA and PP are supported by field research. It will be crucial for stakeholders to adapt their strategies and practices in light of the recommendations made in the field study.

The purpose of this study is to conduct an investigation on the current state of national harmony in Pakistan. In a nation that is home to people from a diverse range of the cultural and ethnic backgrounds, maintaining national peace may be a difficult and time-consuming task. The study discusses the difficulties associated with creating national harmony by conducting an in-depth examination of variety of theoretical method and conceptualizations, all of which are supplied by the various viewpoints of the relevant academics. Despite this, research suggests that most important factors in maintaining national peace in Pakistan are eliminating sectarianism and resolving conflicts between provinces on a variety of topics, such as the 18th amendment and the distribution of resources. In particular, when it comes to the provinces, Baluchistan and Sindh have been dealing with a wide variety of problems. In addition, the constructive role that the media and youth can play in the growth of national harmony is analyzed and addressed from a variety of perspectives. At the end, the policy recommendations are created in order to achieve greater national cohesion and harmony within Pakistan's diverse and multi-cultural society.

With a value of around 40% of overall energy consumption, buildings are a significant main energy user in the global energy sector. Currently, the absence of conventional energy sources encourages the construction of net zero energy buildings (NZEBs). Net or nearly zero energy buildings (NZEB) are exceptionally energy-efficient structures with very little demand for energy, all of which are supplied by renewable resources. Such structures annually balance their energy use and production. It's crucial to understand the broad notion of net zero energy construction. The paper's objective is to present and discuss various strategies and ideas to achieve Net Zero Building through actual Modeling. Designing and Optimization of Building

The current study is a descriptive study conducted at the College of Nursing at the University of Basra for the period from October 2021 to April 2022.Electronic health records help nurses communicate more efficiently by eliminating most misinterpretations of written and verbal orders. As well as nurses can create and manage electronic health records and update them, as needed. The collected data analyzed to observed the percentage and mean of score and significance. result showed that the percentage of male was (35%), female (64%), secondary school was (24%),medical institute (35%). Bsc. (29%).1-5 years of experience was (59%),6-10 years (14%). 11-15 years (8%). more than 15 years (12%). On other hand 50% of questions answers were significant concerning use of computer technology in health and 90% of the particepitants offer to use computer technology in nursing work. The evaluation of computerization at work was mainly influenced by the positive aspects and satisfaction with computer use so the study indicates the needs of nurses to use computer technology in the field of health care, record information and communicate with regard to determining treatments and following up on the patient’s health status. Field of study in computers, public health.

Background: A refractive error is a very common eye disorder which occurs when the eye cannot clearly focus outside world images ending up with blurred vision but timely detection and intervention can enormously enhance student’s potential during his or her formative years. Medical student’s Refractive status is of immense importance considering the burden of medical studies and their role as future health care providers. Aim: To assess the Prevalence of Refractive errors among 4th Year Medical students of D.G. Khan Medical College, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Study Design was Cross sectional Comparative. Place of study was D.G Khan Medical College, Dera Ghazi Khan Duration: Six months. Results: Myopic were 42/80 (52.5%) out of which 2/42(4.76 %) also had Astigmatism while 1/80(1.25%) had Hyperopia. Severe Myopic were 3.0/80 (3.8%) in both right and left eyes while 10/80 (12.5%) and 11/80(13.8%) fall in moderate category in right and left eyes respectively. Mild were 29/80 (36.3%) in right while 28/80(35.0%) in left eye. Only 2.0/80(2.5%) were having Astigmatism in both eyes along with mild Myopia. Significant association found between Age and sex of medical students with the Refractive errors. Conclusion: According to currents study findings High prevalence of Refractive Errors especially Myopia among female medical students tends to be alarming. It demands implementation of more structured student awareness campaigns focusing genetic factors to help prevent and control more cases of eye defect among medical students, society and Nation at large. Future study can be focused on causes of high Refractive Errors among female medical students. Key Words: Refractive Error, Myopia, Hypermetropia, Astigmatism and Medical Students.

Crop yields are highly affected due to physiochemical properties of soil and climatic conditions of the region. The yield of the crop is drastically impacted in terms of final economic product due to problems which occurs in life cycle of the plant under the stress conditions like, stunted growth, permanent wilting, and delay in leaf initiation as well as oxidative stresses at molecular level. Maize (Zea mays L.), widely used as staple food has an ample amount of fats and fibres. Salt stress decreases maize yield and in this regard a hydroponic study was carried out to screen maize genotypes against two salinity stress levels i.e., 10 mol m-3 NaCl and 100 mol m-3 NaCl under hydroponic conditions. Nine (09) hybrid genotypes, i.e., Pioneer 3335 (V1), Pioneer 32F10 (V2), Syngenta 8441 (V3), Pioneer: 33H25 (V4), Pioneer: 3233 (V5), Monsanto 6142 (V6), Syngenta 8711 (V7), Monsanto 6528 (V8), Pioneer 31P41 (V9) were selected for experiment. Statistically, the analysis showed the highest root-shoot length, root fresh-dry weight, and shoot fresh-dry weight with V3 (Syngenta 8441) and the minimum with V1 (Pioneer 3335). The results showed that root length increased by 35% shoot length increased by 34% while total length was enhanced by 34% in syngenta 8441. The results clearly depicted that the best suited variety for salt affected areas can be recommended as Syngenta 8441 whereas the least tolerant was Pioneer 3335 in terms of physiological, physical, and growth characteristics.

Despite soil having an abundance of iron (Fe), it is unavailable for proper plant growth and development. One of the mechanisms plants use to deal with iron deficiency is the uptake of iron by chelating phytosiderophores. Pseudomonas fluorescence can produce pyoverdine-type siderophore and has potential application in agriculture as an iron chelator. Therefore, bacterial isolates collected from different areas of district Faisalabad were screened for their fluorescent, siderophore production and indole acetic acid equivalents. After selecting efficient strains from a screening test, they were evaluated for improving wheat and maize production under field conditions. The results showed that out of 15 isolates, 7 were found to have significant plant-beneficial microbial traits. Efficient strains promoted grain yield by 24.2% and 20.2%, plant height by 30.9% and 23.7%, total grain weight by 25.3% and 13.4% over control in wheat and maize, respectively. Similarly, significant improvements in the number of grains per cob/spike were also observed. Analyses of grain iron contents depicted 67% increase as compared to control in for maize. Therefore, based on the results, it is concluded that bio-fortification of cereal crops through fluorescent producing siderophoric microbes is an effective strategy favorable for plant growth and development through nutrient solubilization/mobilization.

Study wear resistance for heat treatment of Ni-B-CNT electroless coatings. Different concentrations for CNT (0 ,0.35 and 0.7 g/l Ni-B-CNT composite coatings deposition on 4340 steel. After the procedure of coating, all samples were heat treatment. The test wear of a coating was valued with pin on disk technique. Preparation of Ni–B–CNT electroless coatings are with using nickel chloride in alkaline bath, borohydride and Multi walled carbon nanotubes. characterization with FESEM, micro hardness, XRD and surface roughness. Study for surfaces of worn with EDS and FESEM. Micro hardness results are show that the larger hardness1010 HV is gained by heat treatment for coating (Ni-B- 0.35 g/L CNT) because of concentration CNT caused structure conversion for coating Ni-B from amorphous to crystalline. Also, CNT prevent maximum heat production and decrease of the friction coefficient during test wear. CNT aggregation was noted result the presence for more particles (Ni-B - 0.7g/l CNT) that occur create roughness and also lead to increase in rate of wear because of big particles with weakly joined in matrix of Ni.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the procedural time (wire crossing time) of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using the radial approach versus the femoral approach. Study Design: A single-center, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Setting: The study was carried out in the Cardiology Department of Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital (SGTH) in the period from July, 2022 TO December, 2022. Methods: Medical records of patients with acute STEMI who underwent PPCI using either the radial or femoral approach were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and procedural data were collected, and the primary outcome was the procedural time (wire crossing time) for each approach. Results: A total of 276 patients were included in the study, with 137 in the radial approach group and 139 in the femoral approach group. The mean procedural time (wire crossing time) was significantly longer in the radial approach group (29.6 ± 7.3 minutes) compared to the femoral approach group (24.2 ± 6.5 minutes), p

Developing highly potent covalent inhibitors of Fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 (FGFR1) has always been a challenging task. In the current study, various computational techniques, such as 3D-QSAR, covalent docking, fingerprinting analysis, MD simulation followed by MMGB/PBSA, and per-residue energy decomposition analysis were used to explore the binding mechanism of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives to FGFR1. The high q2 and r2 values for the CoMFA and CoMSIA models, suggest that the constructed 3D-QSAR models could reliably predict the bioactivities of FGFR1 inhibitors. The structural requirements revealed by the model’s contour maps were strategically used to computationally create an in-house library of more than 100 new FGFR1 inhibitors using the R-group exploration technique implemented in the SparkTM software. The compounds from the in-house library were also mapped in the 3D-QSAR model that predicts comparable pIC50 values with the experimental values. A comparison between 3D-QSAR generated contours and molecular docking conformation of ligands was performed to reveal the fundamentals to design potent FGFR1 covalent inhibitors. The estimated binding free energies (MMGB/PBSA) for the selected compounds were in agreement with the experimental value ranking of their binding affinities towards FGFR1. Furthermore, per-residue energy decomposition analysis has identified Arg627 and Glu531 to contribute significantly in improved binding affinity of compound W16. During ADME analysis, the majority of in-house library compounds exhibited pharmacokinetic properties superior to those of experimentally produced compounds. These new compounds may help researchers better understand FGFR1 inhibition and lead to the creation of novel, potent FGFR1 inhibitors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Edible oils are among the most crucial nutritional constituents as these are utilized for frying or cuisine. Though, these oils are prone towards oxidative deterioration from manufacturing to transportation due to environmental exposure as well as storage conditions which result in generation of different types of oxidation products. The generation of primary and secondary products result in harmful impacts on human health and may also result in cardiovascular diseases in consumers. The mechanism of oxidative deterioration cannot be assessed easily due to complexity of the reaction under which it may take place. Different types of approaches have been proposed to determine the products generated as a result of oxidation so that safety for their user can be assured. Different types of analytical techniques can be employed in addition to chemical methods so that analysis of oxidative deterioration can be done completely. The proposed study is aimed to assess the oxidative stability of oils in addition to the factors which can influence oxidation of these oils under different conditions. This review also summarize the classical and advanced state of the art analytical techniques which has recently been developed in different possible ways and effectively can be employed for analysis of oxidative deterioration of edible oils. This article possibly will oblige as a reference in the assortment, establishing, and enhancement of approaches for investigating the oxidative stability of edible oil.

Introduction: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease or Kikuchi disease (KD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is an uncommon disease more frequent in Asia. It is diagnosed with lymph node histopathological findings. Objective: To perform a systematic review of Kikuchi’s disease (KD) cases and describe clinical manifestations and associated etiology in the Tunisian population. Methods: We conducted a multicentric descriptive study collecting patients with histologically proven KD. Clinical data, laboratory results, histopathologic examination, associated pathologies, and patient evolution were included. Results: The search included 9 patients. They were 7 women and 2 males with a median age of 45 years old [24-72]. Common clinical manifestations were fever (n=8) and arthralgia (n=7). Lymph nodes mainly were bilateral (n=8), multiple (n=9), and in the cervical region (n=8) and axillary area (n=6). Laboratory results showed inflammatory syndrome and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Areas of necrosis, karyorrhectic debris, and accumulation of histiocytes were specific histologic findings noted for all patients. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus was associated with KD in 2 patients and with Sjögren disease in one of them. Other associated pathologies were Lymphohistiocytic activation syndrome, lymphocytic meningitis, sepsis from a urinary tract infection, and idiopathic interstitial lung disease. Corticosteroids were prescribed in 4 cases. The other 5 cases had spontaneous regression of symptoms. The outcomes were favorable with recovery in 3 cases. Five patients developed Hodgkin lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome, and lupus nephropathy after KD diagnosis. Conclusions: KD is exceptional in North Africa. The study noted the same clinical and histological findings in the literature. SLE was the most associated pathology. No ethnic variability was detected.

The present work describes the development of code for trim and longitudinal stability analysis of a helicopter in forward flight. In general, particular use of these codes can be made for parametric investigation of the effects of the external and internal systems integrated to UH-60 helicopters. A forward flight longitudinal dynamic stability code is also developed in the work to solve the longitudinal part of the whole coupled matrix of equations of motion of a helicopter in forward flight. The coupling is eliminated by linearization. The trim analysis results are used as inputs to the dynamic stability code. The forward flight stability code is applied to UH-60 helicopter.

The aim of this study was to evaluate tensile properties of low and medium carbon ferrite -martensite dual phase steel, and the effect cryogenic treatment at liquid nitrogen temperature (-196 ºC) on its properties. Low carbon steel (C12D) and medium carbon steels (C32D & C42D) were used in this work. For each steel grade, five groups of specimens were prepared according to the type of heat treatment. The first group was normalized, the second group was normalized and subsequently subjected to cryogenic treatment then tempered at (200 ºC) for one hour, the third group was quenched from intercritical annealing temperature of (760 ºC) to obtain dual phase (DP) steel, the fourth and fifth groups were both quenched from (760 ºC), but the forth group was subjected to cryogenic treatment and the fifth group was subjected to cryogenic then tempered at (200 ºC) for one hour. Mechanical tests were carried out which includes, tensile, hardness, as well as microscopic examination. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and ductility for DP were correlated to martensite volume fraction. The yield and tensile strength (σy, σu) of (DP) for the three steels, were higher than those of normalized condition, and increased after cryogenic treatment. These values, for the three steel grades, decreased after tempering at temperature 200 ºC. Tempering of (DP) steel at 200ºC for one hour, after cryogenic treatment, causes the reappearance of yielding point for steels (C12D) and (C32D) while no such a change noticed in (C42D) steel. The results have shown that hardness of (DP) increased after cryogenic treatment for the three steel grades.

Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement (UNFCCC, 2015), education has indeed been recognized internationally as an essential tool for informing, raising awareness and engaging the public in the fight against climate change. The current study utilizes the ARDL model to investigate the nonlinear relationship between economic growth, education and carbon emissions for Saudi Arabia over the period 2017–2020. The results show that primary education has no effect on CO2 emissions while secondary and tertiary education have a negative effect on CO2 emissions. The results also confirm the non-linear and the inverted U-shaped relationship between both CO2 emissions and education (secondary and tertiary) and between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Our results are important in terms of economic policy. First, they highlight the importance of human capital in environmental protection. Second, the current accumulation of knowledge is certainly a factor of economic growth but also of pollution growth. It is not a question of recommending a reconsideration of education policies whose intrinsic values are obvious. On the contrary, there is a need to introduce a change in the perception and role of education in favor of the environment.

This paper studies the adaptive coded modulation for coded OFDM system using punctured convolutional code, channel estimation, equalization and SNR estimation. The channel estimation based on block type pilot arrangement is performed by sending pilots at every sub carrier and using this estimation for a specific number of following symbols. Signal to noise ratio is estimated at receiver and then transmitted to the transmitter through feedback channel ,the transmitter according to the estimated SNR select appropriate modulation scheme and coding rate which maintain constant bit error ratelower than the requested BER. Simulation results show that better performance is confirmed for target bit error rate (BER) of (10-3) as compared to conventional modulation schemes, the convolutional coded modulation offers a SNR gains of 5 dB compared to uncoded state at BER of 10-3. The proposed adaptive OFDM scheme maintains fixed BER under changing channel conditions.

Regarding to the self-compatibility test the 6 genotypes under the study show low self-fertilization and categorized in self-incompatible group, in evaluating the best time for hand pollination, the emasculated genotypes in the same day show significantly difference in responding to the hand pollination in the days After emasculation which the highest fruit set percentage recorded in 3 days after emasculation and decreased in other days when considering the 0 day to 8 days after emasculation the study shows the importance and emphasis of choosing the overlapping varieties in an orchard and considering the self- incompatibility of genotypes and pollinator in reform and development of new almond orchard.

Water flow into unsaturated porous media is governed by the Richards’ partial differential equation expressing the mass conservation and Darcy’s laws. The Richards’ equation may be written in three forms,where the dependent variable is pressure head or moisture content, and the constitutive relationships between water content and pressure head allow for conversion of one form into the other. In the present paper, the “moisture-based" form of Richards’ equation is linearized by applying Kirchhoff’s transformation, whichcombines the soil water diffusivity and soil water content. Then the similarity method is used to obtain the analytical solution of wetting front position. This exact solution is obtained by means of Lie’s method of infinitesimal transformation groups. The predicted results of the analytical solution agreed well with available results of experiments and numerical solutions.

The research dealt with the topic of interactive marketing in its dimensions (trust, commitment, interaction, two-way communication, quality of service, speed of response) and its impact on marketing efficiency in its dimensions (customer satisfaction, marketing costs, marketing research and development). The researchers sought to present a theoretical framework based on rooting Intellectual and making a modest contribution with regard to the variables and dimensions of the research, which was conducted in the Asia Cell Company for Mobile Communications, Holy Karbala Branch. And information, and a set of statistical methods were used in order to process data and information, namely: the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Cronbach alpha test, coefficient of variation, Pearson correlation coefficient, interpretation coefficient, test (T), test (F), and in conclusion, the research reached A set of conclusions, the most important of which are: - The employees of Asia Cell Company realize the importance of building a long-term trust relationship with customers for the purpose of enhancing the company's marketing efficiency. As well as all the correlations were positive and moral, which means that the company can benefit from the dimensions of interactive marketing to enhance marketing efficiency.

In a previous work, a two-layer linear receiver was proposed as a low-complexity scheme that can achieve a good trade-off between performance and complexity in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) context. For this scheme, the antenna array is split up into a number of subsets and multi-cell minimum mean-square-error (M-MMSE) combining is applied in each subset at the first layer. Then, the resulting outputs are combined using maximal-ratio combining (MRC) at the second layer. This paper presents a more complete performance analysis. First, we provide an entirely analytical derivation of the distribution of the output signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio (SINR) of first-layer processing based on multivariate statistical theory. The analysis includes both cases where the subset size is smaller or greater than the total number of signals. Furthermore, upper bounds and approximations on the average uplink SINR and achievable rate are derived. Numerical simulations confirm our analysis results.

[EN] ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette efflux transporter that is expressed in absorptive and excretory organs such as liver, intestine, kidney, brain and testis where it plays a crucial physiological and toxicological role in protecting cells against xenobiotics, affecting pharmacokinetics of its substrates. In addition, the induction of ABCG2 expression in mammary gland during lactation is related to active secretion of many toxicants into milk. In this study, the in vitro interactions between ABCG2 and three pesticides flupyradifurone, bupirimate and its metabolite ethirimol were investigated to check whether these compounds are substrates and/or inhibitors of this transporter. Using in vitro transepithelial assays with cells transduced with murine, ovine and human ABCG2, we showed that ethirimol and flupyradifurone were transported efficiently by murine Abcg2 and ovine ABCG2 but not by human ABCG2. Bupirimate was not found to be an in vitro substrate of ABCG2 transporter. Accumulation assays using mitoxantrone in transduced MDCK-II cells suggest that none of the tested pesticides were efficient ABCG2 inhibitors, at least in our experimental conditions. Our studies disclose that ethirimol and flupyradifurone are in vitro substrates of murine and ovine ABCG2, opening the possibility of a potential relevance of ABCG2 in the toxicokinetics of these pesticides. SI

Extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy has been shown to mitigate inflammation in animal models of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. This study evaluates the effect of EV therapy on inflammatory signaling in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia and metabolic syndrome.Yorkshire swine were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce metabolic syndrome, then underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor to the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, pigs received intramyocardial injection of either saline (control) (n = 6) or EVs (n = 8). Five weeks later, pigs were put to death and left ventricular myocardial tissue in ischemic and nonischemic territories were harvested. Protein expression was measured with immunoblotting, and macrophage count was determined by immunofluorescent staining of cluster of differentiation 68. Data were statistically analyzed via Wilcoxon rank-sum test.EV treatment was associated with decreased expression of proinflammatory markers nuclear factor kappa B (P = .002), pro-interleukin (IL) 1ß (P = .020), and cluster of differentiation 11c (P = .001) in ischemic myocardium, and decreased expression of nuclear factor kappa B in nonischemic myocardium (P = .03) compared with control. EV treatment was associated with increased expression of anti-inflammatory markers IL-10 (P = .020) and cluster of differentiation 163 (P = .043) in ischemic myocardium compared with control. There were no significant differences in expression of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, arginase, HLA class II histocompatibility antigen DR alpha chain, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha, or phosphorylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha in ischemic myocardium or pro-IL1ß, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-10, or nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha in nonischemic myocardium of EV-treated pigs compared with control. There were no differences in macrophage count in ischemic myocardium between EV-treated pigs and control.In the setting of metabolic syndrome and chronic myocardial ischemia, intramyocardial EV therapy attenuates proinflammatory signaling.

One of the breeding objectives of the time is the development/screening of resilient germplasm, which could satisfy hunger demand. The animal feed and food are the prime concern of time and the existing Pakistan germplasm needs to be updated for green fodder yield and quality traits. Hence, present study aimed to develop agronomic itinerary of the available breeding line and screen out best suited candidate lines. ‘Faisalabad Sorghum’ first-ever locally developed public sector multicut variety with higher proficiency than first public sorghum sudangrass hybrid (Pak Sudex). This novel variety is a result of hybridization between Australian No. 7 and Sudan Grass followed by back cross breeding method. Faisalabad Sorghum out yielded (Av 133.30t/ha) in station (2016 and 2017), zonal (2018) and national uniform fodder yield trials (2019 and 2020) when compared with check variety. The palatability of Faisalabad Sorghum was more than 80%, with reduced enteric CH4 and CO2 emissions by 14% in cattles. The adaptive features of this line are high yielder, resistant to specific pests (borer, shoot fly) and diseases (leaf spot and long smut) that were evaluated, highly nutritious with lower production cost. This line has remarkable energy to minimize the supply and demand gap among summer fodder varieties. The by-products of it could be utilized as an alternative energy sources. Owing to such extraordinary attributes the new line AK-113 proposed as Faisalabad Sorghum was released for general adaptation among farmers during 2021

Consumer preferences for online purchases are increasing during the pandemic. This paper aims to understand how customers perceive their values regarding online shopping. Our study hypothesized that website design attractiveness, e-commerce marketplace reputation, and perceived ease of transaction are the predictors for customer-perceived value, influencing the online purchase decision. This study employs a survey with a total sample of 225 respondents of Indonesian marketplace consumers. Data is gathered through the distribution of Google-forms questionnaires and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method. The findings revealed a significant direct relationship between the website's design attractiveness, e-commerce marketplace reputation, and perceived ease of transaction with the customer's perceived value and between perceived value and the purchase decision. This study also found mediation effects of perceived value on the relationships between website design attractiveness and e-commerce marketplace reputation on online purchase decisions. Considering the importance of website design attractiveness, e-commerce marketplace reputation, perceived ease of transaction on customer-perceived value, and the role of customer-perceived value on online purchase decisions, this study recommends companies to strengthen their marketing strategies related to those three predictors of customer-perceived value. A good perceived value is expected to increase customers' online purchasing probability.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a single glenohumeral injection versus multisite injection of corticosteroids in treating acute frozen shoulder. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Setting and duration: Department of Orthopedic Surgery Civil Hospital Bahawalpur from January 2022 to December 2022. Material and methods: Total 74 patients with acute frozen shoulder having onset of symptoms within the last 12 months were included. This study compared the functional ratings, Mobility, and pain alleviation of patients with primary Frozen Shoulder (FS) after different period of follow up in our OPD. In multisite group, triamcinolone acetonide, bupivacaine and saline were injected into four different sites. In the single glenohumeral injection group, only the glenohumeral joint was injected. Both groups received physiotherapy after injection, including soft tissue therapy, joint mobilization and a home exercise program. The outcome measures were assessed through Range of motion, function and pain scores at a follow up of every three months, six months and then after one year. Results: According to the study, the patients receiving injections at multisite outperformed those receiving single-injection on the visual analogue scale (VAS) at all follow-up intervals (P = 0.01). Moreover, compared to the single-injection group, the multisite-injection group had substantially superior active and passive ROM restoration (P 0.05) and higher functional scores (P 0.05). Practical Implication: It suggests multisite injections as a treatment for frozen shoulder, in contrast to prior studies. Positive characteristics of the study include the use of a blinded clinical examination and the presence of a sufficient number of participants Conclusion: In conclusion, multisite injection of corticosteroids has more potency than a single injection in reducing pain in patients with acute frozen shoulder. Clinicians may consider multisite injection as a preferred method of treatment for primary frozen shoulder, especially in patients with severe pain. Keywords: multisite injection, frozen shoulder, glenohumeral injection, pain, stiffness