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Introduction: Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications. Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells. Objective: In this study, the role of rhodanese (RH) enzyme against the cyanide of amygdalin has been investigated in human and mouse cell lines in vitro. MethodS: We analyzed the cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, and gene expression alterations resulting from treatment with AMG and AMG combined with RH (AMG-RH) in mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cell lines. ResultS: The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml and 80.82±2.13 mg/ml at 72 h in both cell lines. Cell viability of both cell lines was significantly decreased after AMG treatment; however, it increased following treatment with AMG-RH for 24, 48, and 72 h. Morphological changes were observed in both cell lines after AMG treatment for 72 h. AMG-RH combination did not cause any significant morphological alterations in either cell line. Conclusion: The apoptosis rates were increased in both cell lines treated with AMG and decreased in AMG-RH treatment for 72 h. BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, and TST genes were upregulated after treatment with AMG for 72 h in both cell lines. BCL-2 and TST genes were upregulated, while BAX and CASP3 were downregulated after treatment with AMG-RH for 72 h. The findings of this study indicate the IC50 dose of AMG could cause cytotoxicity in HDF and L929 cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the RH enzyme could decrease AMG cytotoxicity and might have a protective role against AMG.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the primary cause of dementia, escalating worldwide, has no proper diagnosis or effective treatment. Neuronal cell death and impairment of cognitive abilities, possibly triggered by several brain mechanisms, are the most significant characteristic of this disorder. Methods: A multitude of pharmacological targets have been identified for potential drug design against AD. Although many advances in treatment strategies have been made to correct various abnormalities, these often exhibit limited clinical significance because this disease aggressively progresses into different regions of the brain, causing severe deterioration. Results: These biomarkers can be game-changers for early detection and timely monitoring of such disorders. Conclusion: This review covers clinically significant biomarkers of AD for precise and early monitoring of risk factors and stages of this disease, the potential site of action and novel targets for drugs, and pharmacological approaches to clinical management.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana ketentuan pelaku incest dalam Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak studi kasus di pengadilan negeri polewali. Dan untuk mengetahui Tinjauan Yuridis Pelaku Incest (Perkawinan Sedarah) terhadap anak dibawah umur. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, analisis, dan kasus. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah sumber data sekunder yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Perkawinan sedarah (incest) yang dilakukan ayah terhadap anak kandung disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Faktor tersebut antara lain tidak bermoral atau lemahnya iman, ekonomi, kesempatan, ancaman, pengaruh alkohol, kesepian, keluarga tidak harmonis, pendalaman ilmu hitam, dan ketidaktahuan korban tentang seksual. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1. Faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya Perkawinan sedarah (incest) yang dilakukan oleh ayah terhadap anak kandung bagi pelaku Perkawinan sedarah (incest) oleh ayah terhadap anak kandung. Menunjukkan bahwa masih ada hakim yang tidak menerapkan sanksi pidana sebagaimana aturan yang berlaku. Penjatuhan pidana kandung. Menunjukkan bahwa, Perkawinan sedarah (incest) yang dilakukan ayah terhadap anak kandung disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain tidak bermoral atau lemahnya iman, ekonomi, kesempatan, ancaman, pengaruh alkohol, kesepian, keluarga tidak harmonis, pengaruh ilmu hitam. 2. Penerapan sanksi pidana dan upaya penanggulangan memang tidak dapat mengembalikan kerugian yang diderita korban, namun setidaknya dengan penjatuhan sanksi yang berat, secara psikologis dapat memberikan kepuasan terhadap korban dan merasa dihargai Kata kunci : Inces , Sanksi Pidana, Upaya Penanggulangan

Ground beetles (Carabid beetles) may be found in virtually all of the world's habitats. They are one of the three most diverse families of extant beetles, with 34,275 species documented, and they serve as vital ecological markers in all environments. Edaphic living beetles catch and eat a wide variety of arthropods that live in the soil. In the case of weeds, most of the ground beetles eat their seeds and help regulate their populations. The findings of a field study in agrocenoses in South-East Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2020 are presented in this article. Twenty-seven ground beetle species from 9 genera were discovered as a consequence of the study. 670 soil traps yielded a total of 1012 beetles. Polytopic mesophilic beetles provide the foundation of the agrocenoses fauna. Hygrophils, mesophiles, and eurybionts are among the beetles found in irrigated areas, as are mixed and herbivorous species. The Carabidae family of beetles is the most numerous in fields and steppe settings. As a result, mixed-diet beetles can be found depending on the habitat and air temperature. The species of beetles in all fields in the investigation area are in accordance with the insects’ complex. During the growth season, the diet of beetles shifts: predatory beetles take precedence initially, followed by mixed-diet beetles.

Retroperitoneal cystic masses can be benign or malignant, purely cystic or with solid components. Several diagnoses can be evoked in front of a retroperitoneal cystic mass among which: the hydatid cyst of the psoas. The hydatid cyst of the psoas constitutes an exceptional localization of hydatidosis, even in hydatid endemic countries such as Morocco where hydatidosis remains frequent. We report 2 cases of hydatid cyst of the psoas, collected in the department of visceral surgery B at the CHU Ibn Sina in Rabat during a period of 5 years. Our objective was to focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of this condition. The clinical symptomatology consists of lateralized pain or at the level of the iliac fossa, it can be associated with an infectious syndrome which directs towards an abscess of the psoas but most often the evolution is done in a context of apyrexia and conservation general condition. The thoraco-abdominal CT confirmed the diagnosis and made it possible to specify the seat of the cyst and its neighborhood relationships. Therapeutic management was surgical in all cases; the diagnosis was made intraoperatively. The technique used was resection of the protruding dome via the midline, sub umbilical abdominal route for the first patient and pericystectomy via the Jalaguier approach for the second patient. The postoperative course was favorable in both cases and no case of recurrence was reported in our series.

Thyroid lipomatosis is a rare disease, characterized by diffuse infiltration of the stroma by mature adipose tissue, leading to increased size of thyroid gland. The pathophysiology of diffuse proliferation of adipose tissue in the thyroid gland is unclear. Our study involves 2 cases with thyroid lipomatosis treated in surgical department B, Ibn Sina University Hospital. In the 2 cases studied, the average age was 50 years and the 2 patients were female. The 2 patients had consulted for a cervical swelling and the physical examination had found a goiter in both patients. They were treated with total thyroidectomy, and the postoperative follow-up was simple, with no deplorable complications. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen showed infiltration of the entire thyroid parenchyma by mature adipocytes, without any sign of hyperplasia, malignancy or amyloid deposition. Diffuse thyroid lipomatosis is considered a rare condition with about 20 cases described in the literature. This entity has no malignant evolutionary potential and the complications are of a mechanical nature.

Kecamatan Minasate’ne merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan (Pangkep) yang berjarak sekitar 47 km dari Kantor UPBJJ-UT Makassar kearah utara atau sekitar 1 km dari Pangkajene ibu kota Kabupaten Pangkep. Pemberdayaan masyarakat tentang pendampingan pembuatan herbarium kering pada guru SD di Kecamatan Minasate’ne Kabupaten Pangkep yang dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mendapatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang:(1) pengertian herbarium (2) cara pembuatan herbarium kering dan (3) praktik pembuatan herbarium kering. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan selama satu tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah ceramah, tanya jawab dan demonstrasi tentang cara pembuatan herbarium kering. Kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi dilaksanakan untuk melihat sejauh mana keberhasilan pengabdian masyarakat yang telah dialakukan khususnya pembuatan herbarium kering. Keterlaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat didasarkan atas terpenuhinya indikator-indikator proses pengabdian masyarakat dan produk yang dihasilkan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa peserta sangat antusias dalam mengikuti pelatihan serta aktif dalam mengajukan pertanyaan pada saat pemaparan materi oleh nara sumber. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengabdian masyarakat telah diimplementasikan sesuai dengan rencana dimulai dari pengertian herbarium, cara pembuatan herbarium kering dan praktik pembuatan herbarium kering. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari keberhasilan peserta yang telah mengikuti kegiatan abdimas telah berhasil menerapkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman kepada teman sejawat, bahkan kepada murid-muridnya di kelas.Herbarium kering yang telah dibuat disimpan dalam bingkai dan album yang siap digunakan sebagai alat perga dalam mengajarkan IPA di SD.

Background. The current study was carried out between October 2017 and October 2018 to explore knowledge, attitudes, practices, and information sources regarding toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Malakand region, the northwestern part of Pakistan. The current study was carried out between October 2017 and October 2018. Methods. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the women after taking verbal informed consent. Graphpad version 5 was used to indicate the differences. Significant was considered as a P -value of less than 0.05. This study revealed poor knowledge regarding toxoplasmosis. Results. Overall, 31.2% of the respondents showed good knowledge, and 39.2% showed moderate knowledge. On the other hand, 29.5% of the participants showed poor knowledge about toxoplasmosis. The average knowledge score of pregnant women was 79 ± 12.2 , which is considered to be within the scale of good knowledge. Number of children within the pregnant multipara women was significantly associated with knowledge about toxoplasmosis. Pregnant women who measured in number of childbirths within a women showed the highest mean score of 42.3 ± 13.3 with 57 (44.8%) displaying a good knowledge level. Pregnant women with more than one child had significantly higher (

Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are currently a matter of concern in the occupational world, where it is the leading cause of disability among workers. Food delivery riders were among the neglected workers even though they were highly exposed to the WMSDs. Thus, this study aims to quantify the magnitude of WMSDs among the riders and the impact on their work. This was a cross-sectional study involving 191 food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. The Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (M-SNMQ), which was self-administered and validated for Malay translation, was used to quantify the prevalence of WMSDS based on various specific body regions. WMSD prevalence over a 12-month period was 74.9%. Upper back pain (UBP) (55.6%) and lower back pain (LBP) (73.3%) were the two most common body regions to experience WMSD symptoms. The least-complained body regions were thighs and feet, with a prevalence of 2.6% and 3.1%, respectively. The affected body regions that caused the highest daily life disturbance were the shoulders and knees, while those with shoulders symptom were more likely to be absent from work. Finally, LBP was the highest body region with at least a moderate pain score. In general, the findings should be a matter of concern among health authorities and others to improve the quality of life among the riders. To lower the prevalence of WMSDs among this understudied group, additional interventional research should be built on the findings of this study.

Objective: To assess the frequency of intra-abdominal hypertension and its relationship with outcomes among patients of laparotomy admitted to the intensive care unit. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital ,Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Apr to Sep 2021. Methodology: Two-hundred patients who underwent laparotomy admitted to the intensive care unit of Combined Military Hospital were recruited in our study. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured after every 8 hours for 72 hours after admission to the intensive care unit. In addition, patients were followed up for two weeks from admission in the intensive care unit to assess the outcome. Results: Out of two hundred patients, 150(75%) had good outcomes, while 50(25%) had poor outcomes. The mean age of patients who underwent the surgery was 40.63±9.448 years. 171(85.5%) patients did not have raised intra-abdominal pressure, while 29(14.5%) had intra-abdominal hypertension. High Body mass index and poor outcome had a significant association with the presence and severity of intra-abdominal hypertension among study participants (p-value

PURPOSE To present a new technique to treat refractory retinal detachment secondary to optic disc pit. METHODS An interventional case report. RESULTS A 25-year-old man with congenital optic disc pit had two failed vitrectomies involving laser around the optic disc, internal limiting membrane peel and flap to plug the disc pit, and gas tamponade to reattach the retina. With all options running out, a further vitrectomy with autologous retinal transplant and silicone oil tamponade was carried out to treat the refractory serous retinal detachment; the silicone oil was removed at 6 weeks after the last procedure. The retina remained successfully attached at 6 months post-surgery with the patient maintaining his baseline visual acuity. CONCLUSION The use of autologous retinal transplant is a new approach to treat refractory retinal detachment secondary to congenital optic disc anomalies, and adds to our options of dealing with this complex condition when first-line approaches have failed.

Introduction. One of the main causes of annual environmental degradation directly or indirectly is construction. The purpose of this study is to highlight current environmental issues in the construction industry. Besides how the construction sector can contribute to reducing the negative impact on the environment and creating “healthy buildings” that can be sustainable for both residents and our environment. Materials and methods. An overall literature survey was carried out to get relevant information and provide an overview of the current situation regarding the applications of sustainability in the construction industry. According to the selected theme, an inclusive investigation was conducted using several databases, such as Google Scholar, Scopus, eLIBRARY.RU,and ScienceDirect. Many crucial key words, such as environmental sustainability, social sustainability, economic sustainability, sustainable development, environmental issues, etc. Were used to extract data on the sustainability issues in the construction industry. The primary data was compiled in the form of tables and figures. In most cases,the emphasis was on recent data. Results. The most common methods for modelling sustainable construction indicators are described below, as well asthe sustainable construction materials that have been used recently. Conclusions. Building information modelling (BIM) appears is the single most commonly used technology today. With the development of computer technology, BIM is increasingly being used in combination with other techniques to achieve sustainable building goals. Careful selection of sustainable building materials may be the quickest way for builders to start integrating sustainable building design concepts.

Overthinking is one of the big problems for young people nowadays. The release of the music video of Takut by Idgitaf is very relatable to the overthinking phenomenon that occurs in young people. This research aims to analyze overthinking representations in the music video of Takut by Idgitaf. The method used in this analysis is qualitative and the theory of Roland Barthes to identify myth, denotation, and connotation meanings in the video. Semiotic signs are found in the music video Takut by Idgitaf, both visually through video and verbally through the lyrics. The research proves that the music video for this song of Takut by Idgitaf has been signed visually and verbally, describing a person's overthinking attitude towards everything, especially young people. This song explores the feelings of young people nowadays about the stress of thinking about the future, the fear of failure, and the anxiety about getting older also means increased responsibility. Besides, this song conveys how young people can deal with overthinking.

Water bird diversity in mangrove ecosystem of the Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, is rarely studied. This reseacrh aims to examine the diversity of bird species in the mangrove ecosystem, Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted at two stations, namely mangrove forests at the Lakawali River estuary and at the Ussu River estuary. Data collection was carried out using field by field methods, observations were made with binoculars and a Nikon D5200 DSLR camera. Data analysis was performed using the Diversity Index (H’) formula according to Shannon-Winner and evenness index (E) according to Magurren. Species conservation status is determined based on Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/ KUM.1/12/2018 and IUCN redlist. The results showed that 417 individual birds were found consisting of 5 orders, 7 families and 17 species, there was one protected species, namely great knot (Calidris tenuirostris). The diversity index (H’) in the estuary of Lakawali river is 2.48, and in the estuary of Ussu river is 2.59 which indicates the medium category. The evenness index (E) in the estuary of Lakawali river was 0.92 and in the Ussu River was 0.93 which showed that the distribution of species in both habitats was quite even.

Operative trauma to the biliary tract represents the most dreaded complication during a common and often considered benign cholecystectomy. 23 cases of biliary trauma were collected through a retrospective study conducted between 2012 and 2022 in the visceral surgery department B of the Avicenne University Hospital in Rabat. The mean age was 50 years. The F/M sex ratio was 3.6 with a major female predominance. Acute cholecystitis, pyocholecystitis, obesity, and anatomical variations were the main risk factors found in our patients. For 4 patients, the diagnosis was made intraoperatively upon discovery of bile in the surgical field. For 19 patients, the trauma was discovered postoperatively, with findings such as obstructive jaundice (12 patients), bilioma (3 patients), bile peritonitis (1 patient), and external biliary fistula (1 patient). Paraclinical investigations deployed included abdominal ultrasound performed in 56.5% of cases, endoscopic ultrasound in 17.4%, computed tomography in 21.6%, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in 34.7%, and retrograde cholangiography in 39% of cases. The latter two were the most contributory in making the diagnosis. Repair methods varied from simple surgical drainage for 2 patients, to suturing of the bile duct on a Kehr drain for 2 cases, to hepaticojejunostomy for 17 cases. Only one case could not be repaired due to complicated bile cirrhosis. Long-term outcomes were favorable for 52.4% of cases, with a median follow-up of 13 months. Secondary stenosis was reported in only one case. Prevention and adherence to surgical rules during cholecystectomy remain the best means of avoiding these traumas.

This research was carried out on March 30, 2021 to April 27, 2021, located in Darma District, Kuningan Regency, West Java Province, which is located at the coordinates 7°02'09.4” South Latitude 108°24'24'20.6” East Longitude. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the level of indigofera flour ration on the carcass quality of muscovy duck. The study was conducted experimentally using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). 80 ducks are drawn by lot to be placed in a cage which has been divided into 20 sections, each section filled with 4 ducks. This study consisted of five types of treatment, namely PO without the addition of indigofera leaf meal (TDI) as control feed, P1 25% added TDI, P2 50% added TDI, P3 75% added TDI, and P4 100% added TDI. The variables observed in the study were the carcass quality of muscovy duck, including measurements of body composition, carcass composition, and non-carcass composition measurements. The research data were analyzed using the Variety Print or Anova (Analysis of Variance) and further tested using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that feeding indigofera flour in the ration had a significant effect (P

PurposeThis study aims to assess and decompose the sustainable development using the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Iran in 2018, for proposing agenda-setting of public policy.Design/methodology/approachIt ranks the SDGs not only in Iran but also in the region and the world to reveal the synergetic effects.FindingsBased on the results, subaltern-populace generally suffers from the hegemonic domination of ruling elite-bourgeois, lack of strong institutions, heterogeneous policy networks and lack of advocacy role of non-governmental organizations, due to no transparency, issues in law or no rule of law, no stringent regulation, rent, suppression and Mafia, all leading to corruption and injustice.Practical implicationsTo stop the loop of corruption-injustice, Iran should homogenize the structure of the policy network. Furthermore, the failed SDGs of the three-geographic analysis are the same in a character; all of them propose SDG 3, good health and well-being as a serious failed goal.Social implicationsIn this regard, strong evidence is the pandemic Coronavirus, COVID 19 since 2019, due to its highly-disastrous consequences in early 2020 where the public policymakers could not adopt policies promptly in the glob, particularly in Iran.Originality/valueIn Iran, in addition to this, the malfunction of health is rooted in “subjective well-being” and “traffic deaths,” respectively. Concerning the transportations system in Iran, it is underscored that it is damaging the sustainable development from all the three pillars of sustainable development including, economic, social and environmental.

Human activities refer to the actions and behaviors of human beings. These activities can be physical, such as working, playing sports, or playing sports; or mentally, such as learning, problem-solving, or decision-making. Technical development and the emergence of mobile devices such as phones and smart watches, as well as wearable sensors, led to the emergence of many systems to recognize and classify human activities. These systems were developed using the data collected by these devices from a variety of individuals who volunteered to do several activities, such as downstairs, upstairs, sitting, running, standing, and more. Using the WISDM (Wireless Sensor Data Mining) dataset, a new machine learning model is proposed to recognize six different human activities: walking, jogging, going up stairs, going down stairs, sitting, and standing. For signal segmentation, the sliding window technique was used, along with two visibility graph techniques for feature extraction: mean degree and Jaccard coefficient. The Least-Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) used to classify these activities This model achieves 94% accuracy, demonstrating that the proposed model has a high classification rate.

Emerging use-cases like smart manufacturing and smart cities pose challenges in terms of latency, which cannot be satisfied by traditional centralized infrastructure. Edge networks, which bring computational capacity closer to the users/clients, are a promising solution for supporting these critical low latency services. Different from traditional centralized networks, the edge is distributed by nature and is usually equipped with limited compute capacity. This creates a complex network to handle, subject to failures of different natures, that requires novel solutions to work in practice. To reduce complexity, edge application technology enablers, advanced infrastructure and application orchestration techniques need to be in place where AI and ML are key players.

Desde la perspectiva del Derecho Argentino, el artículo analiza la fuente del deber de resarcir para luego adentrar en la circunscripción de las normas que lo regulan, pues existen matices diferenciales. Entendemos, desde una perspectiva amplia, que siempre que haya un acuerdo, por más mínimo que sea será contractual, mientras que si no lo hay estaremos en el ámbito extracontractual, para concluir que el sistema de responsabilidad civil incorpora la acción preventiva para evitar daños o no agravar daños en curso de ejecución y la acción punitiva, que sanciona a los proveedores por incumplimientos graves en el ámbito del derecho del consumo.

OBJECTIVES Swaddling of new-borne and infants remains common in the developing world, but little is known about maternal knowledge of swaddling. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of safe swaddling practices among mothers of neonates visiting a Tertiary-Care Hospital.METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was conducted in the paediatric unit of tertiary care hospital in Peshawar city, Pakistan, between July and December 2018. A total number of 370 mothers of neonates who volunteered their participation were selected using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The study was based on a questionnaire comprised of socio-demographic and other questions related to the knowledge of safe swaddling practices.RESULTSA total number of 370 mothers of neonates knowledge were assessed. The study participants ranged between 17 - 49 years, with a mean age of 27.14 (SD ± 5.46). Of the total, 365 (98.6%) mothers were swaddling their babies, while only 5 (1.3%) reported not practising swaddling. Most mothers (51.1%) had good knowledge, while 44.3% had adequate knowledge, and only 4.6% had insufficient knowledge regarding safe swaddling. Knowledge of safe swaddling increased with age and parity. Most mothers (90%) correctly identified that "cotton cloth or light blanket should be used to swaddle baby".CONCLUSIONIt is concluded from this study that most mothers have adequate knowledge about safe swaddling, and the level of knowledge increases with age and parity. Safe swaddling techniques and information should be given to mothers at the beginning of antenatal care to benefit from its positive outcomes and, at the same time to avoid its drawbacks.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of part and whole practice on learning basketball lay-up shot skill in young and adolescent male students. Participants were randomly divided into four groups of part and whole practice, namely, part practice-young, whole practice-young, part practice-adolescent, and whole practice-adolescent. After a pretest in basketball lay-up shot test, the training protocol was held for 5 weeks (three sessions per week). After the last training session, the posttest was taken, and 1 week after the posttest, a retention test was performed. The results in the acquisition stage showed a significant difference between the four groups (p = .03). The post hoc test results showed that there was no significant difference between the part and whole practice groups. Also, in the retention phase, there was no significant difference between the groups. However, the part practice-young group performed better than the whole practice-young group, while the whole practice-adolescent group performed better than the part practice-adolescent. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that age is probably not an effective factor in the effectiveness of part and whole practice in learning basketball lay-up shot. However, more research with more practice trials is needed in this regard.

Sistem pertanian yang ada saat ini hanya mengandalkan pengetahuan para petani dalam mengetahui usia tanaman padi dan masih belum ada teknologi tepat guna yang dapat menganalisis usia tanaman padi. Oleh karena itu, indeks vegetasi yang didapatkan dari citra kamera digital yang tergolong dalam ground-based remote sensing merupakan salah satu metode alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam menganalisis usia tanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model indeks vegetasi yang paling efektif dalam menganalisis usia tanaman padi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lahan milik petani di Desa Kebonsari Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember. Sampel citra tanaman padi yang digunakan secara keseluruhan berjumlah sebanyak 400 citra. Analisis uji statistik menggunakan analisis determinasi untuk mencari koefisien determinasi antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Varibel bebas pada penelitian ini yaitu data usia tanaman padi terukur sedangkan varibel terikat adalah indeks vegetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks vegetasi yang efektif untuk menganalisis usia tanaman padi menggunakan kamera digital yaitu indeks VARI. Selain itu, diperoleh juga bahwa usia tanaman padi varietas Cibogo proporsional terhadap nilai VARI hingga usia tanaman padi mencapai 78 HST. Pada usia tanaman padi 1-78 HST nilai indeks VARI mengalami peningkatan dan kemudian nilai indeks VARI mengalami penurunan hingga usia tanaman padi siap panen. Pola grafik yang didapatkan berlandaskan data hasil penelitian yakni parabolik dengan pendekatan fungsi parabolik y = -0.0002x2 + 0.0292x – 0.8001 dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 96.8%.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of injection sclerotherapy and rubber band ligation in patients with 2nd degree haemorrhoids. Study design & Setting: Prospective Observational study was conducted in PNS Shifa Karachi from 1st July 2018 to 31st March 2019. Methodology: A total of 240 patients of both genders, known cases of 2nd degree haemorrhoids were included in the study. Patients with a known history of liver cirrhosis, previous history of haemorrhoidectomy, severe anaemia uncontrolled hypertension and patient requiring additional intervention post-procedure were excluded. Patients were randomized to either the injection sclerotherapy Group A or rubber band ligation Group B by lottery method. Final assessment was done at 6-months post-procedure regarding the effect of treatment on rectal bleeding. Results: The age range in this study was from 18 to 65 years with a m e a n of 36.641±7.00 years in Group A while 35.700± 5.65 years in Group B. Mean BMI was 26.525±1.54 Kg/m2 in Group A and 26.316±1.48 Kg/m2 in Group B and duration of disease was 7.466±2. 15 months in Group A and 7.883±1.78 months in Group B. Efficacy was seen in 87.5% patients in Group A as compared to 98.3% in Group B (p=0.001). Conclusion: Rubber band ligation is more efficacious in the management of 2nd-degree haemorrhoids in terms of perrectal bleeding from 3rd-week to 6 months post-application.

The assessment of a Coal-Fired Power Plant (CFPP) performance is an intricate process that involves the determination of Heat Rate (HR) deviations of current operational parameters from baseline or target values. This study focuses on HR deviations of a CFPP based on the Applicable Coal Price (ACP), and the influence of the ACP price on daily losses or gains are thoroughly analyzed for key performance parameters for three fixed ACP of RM12, 18, and 24 per GJ. This paper mainly investigates key parameters and related equipment that significantly affect the HR of the CFPP and ranks the parameters affecting HR from most significant to least significant. The baseline or target values are obtained from the plant commissioning manuals and the Performance Guarantee Test (PGT). Actual real-life operational data from a 700MWn CFPP is utilized to improve the accuracy and confidence levels of the results obtained. It was found that at the nominal operating baseload, the most significant negative HR deviation is for the Rotary Air Heater (RAH) gas exit temperature with a negative HR deviation of -137.9 kJ/kWh leading to an annual loss of RM17.6 million at ACP of RM24/GJ while the superheater and reheater spray flows are contributing least to the HR deviation. This analysis highlighting the impact of key parameters affecting the performance enables plant operations and maintenance teams to focus on such parameters to mitigate losses.

Amphibians of Sekayu lowland forest have been studied more than a decade, with discoveries of new records of species showing no sign of abating between the years 2003 to 2020, indicating the remarkably rich diversity of anurans in this forest. Despite ceaseless anthropogenic activities in this area, this study successfully recorded 52 species of amphibians from 32 genera in the lowland forest of Sekayu. The species composition consisted of a single species from the family Ichthyophiidae and 51 species of anurans of 31 genera and six families. The number of species recorded has steadily increased especially during more recent surveys from 2015 to 2020. This study augments the total number of amphibian species recorded from Hulu Terengganu by ten additional species, increasing the total to 70 species for the district.

The vibration transferred to the car floor transmits to the human body through the seat structure, and the typical design of the seat structure consists of several components such as seat frame and seat cushion. The material widely used as seat cushion is open-cell polyurethane (PUR) foam; when under vibration, it will behave dynamically. Factors such as mechanical properties and material thickness of PUR can affect its behaviour and performance and the amount of vibration transmits to the human body. This work measures the PUR dynamic stiffness for different material densities and thicknesses. The test was conducted using an indenter head with a flat surface since it was a less expensive method, and quicker measurement could be done. The force sensor was placed within the indenter structure to measure the load transmitted to the seat and acceleration data acquired by the accelerometer, which was mounted on a shaker test plate. Foam materials with 30 kg/m3 and 44 kg/m3 with 30 mm and 50mm thickness are used in the experiment with the amount of preload applied of 20 N,30 N and 40 N. Seat stiffness increased when the preload increased from 20 N to 40 N, and a similar trend occurred when foam thickness decreased. The lower density of PUR resulted in a greater increase of seat stiffness and damping across the frequency 0-30 Hz compared to a higher density of PUR. This study concluded that thickness, preload, and density significantly affect seat dynamic stiffness.

Background: One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus in lower extremity is the diabetic foot ulcer. There are numerous risk factors, among those peripheral neuropathy is the most important risk factor for diabetic foot ulceration. Objectives: To assess the diabetic foot ulcer, probable risk factors and the relationship of diabetic foot ulcer with peripheral Neuropathy. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was done in the department of General Surgery, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh between May, 2015 to November 2015. 50 patients with diabetic foot ulcer were selected by purposive sampling method. Results: In this study, 60% of patients were above 60 years of age. 82% of patients were male and 18% were female. All patients were with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and 80% of patients had blood glucose level between 11-20 mmol/L. HbA1c level found >7 in 68% of patients. 72% patients had history of trauma. 66% of the patients were smoker. None of the patients was alcoholic. Peripheral arterial disease was present in 24% patients. 72% patients had peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: This study may help to raise the awareness among patients and professionals, ultimately which will help to take initiatives for early diagnosis and treatment of high risk patients. KYAMC Journal Vol. 13, No. 04, January 2023: 214-217

Morphological matrix-based conceptual design has been proven to enable the generation of high-quantity, variety, and novelty concepts. Indeed, many studies have proposed methods for enhancing it. However, logical relations for determining the compatibility of solution principles (SPs) in combinatorial solution chain is yet to be established in the literature. This study attempts to develop a logical relation for determining the compatibility of SPs in solution variants chain. The features of the interaction boundary of each solution principle were characterised and vectorially numerated for onward matching of adjacent SPs in a combinatorial solution chain to determine compatibility. The consistency of the compatibility determinant (CD) was tested on engineering designer students. It was found that the students could determine the CD with excellent consistency. Besides, the applicability of logical relation for determining the feasibility of solution variants was tested and found applicable in many trials. Despite the limitation of the study, the results indicate that the logical compatibility determinant is consistent and applicable for the complete exploration of the morphological matrix design space. Therefore, this study provides a foundation for the development of a reliable CAD system for conceptual design.

The mesoporous silica zirconia (m- SiO2/ZrO2) was successfully synthesized in this study using a microwave method, and the effect of the calcination process was studied. In this study, half of the sample was left untreated (labeled "untreated sample"), while the other half was calcined at 850 °C for 3 hours in an air atmosphere in a muffle furnace to remove the surfactant. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible differential reflectance spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy were utilized in order to analyze the catalysts that were produced. The findings from the characterization showed that the calcination procedure caused the creation of oxygen vacancies and increased the surface area, both of which affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of the calcined m-SiO2/ZrO2 (80%) catalyst was superior to that of the untreated m-SiO2/ZrO2 (19%) catalyst. Zirconia's greater surface area and its natural occurrence in the tetragonal phase are both to blame for this phenomenon. In addition, there is the possibility that a greater proportion of oxygen vacancy will result in a smaller band gap and a lower electron-hole recombination rate. After five cycles, the photocatalytic activity exhibited by both catalysts remained unchanged.

This research is a qualitative descriptive research and aims to find out knowledge, skills, values and how the pattern of knowledge transformation in the manufacture of traditional Bugis houses. The results of the study found, the knowledge that needs to be possessed is that the additional elements in the traditional Bugis house model affect the price of the house, the selection of wood as the basic material for the house, the wood that is already in the form of aliri, pattolo, bare', boards, and beams, the basic frame of the house uses class wood one like ironwood, kumea, cat's eye. Meanwhile, for secondary purposes, use second-class wood such as kalapi, cenrana and lime wood. Basic knowledge of carpentry must understand the determination of the basic elements of the house, the structure of the house, the location and codes for the components of the house, how to install the roof, floors, walls and stairs. Basic carpentry skills must be able to use a variety of traditional and modern carpentry tools. The values contained in the manufacture of traditional Bugis houses are discipline, firmness, responsibility, mutual respect, mutual cooperation, cultural preservation, optimism, thoroughness, accuracy, serenity, and motivation. Form of transformation in the manufacture of traditional Bugis houses because it lasts for a long time

Objective: To find a possible association between levels of vitamin D and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar over six months. Diagnosed cases of Type-II diabetes mellitus were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and serum vitamin D levels were assessed in 219 selected patients enrolled in the study through Cobas Integra 800 and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay respectively. Patients were divided into three categories based on increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. The trend in the levels of vitamin D levels in these categories of increasing HbA1c was identified. Results: Out of 219 Type II diabetic patients, 30.1% (66) were men while 69.9% (153) were women. The mean age was 59.48 ± 9.29 years. Similarly, HbA1c and serum vitamin D, were 9.47 ± 2.88 and 18.63 ± 16.54, respectively. Overall, 59% of the patients were Vitamin D deficient. The decrease in Vitamin D levels was associated with an increase in glycosylated hemoglobin levels (p-value 0.002). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency in Type-II diabetes mellitus patients increases with increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. KEYWORDS: Diabetes Mellitus, Type II Diabetes, HBA1c, Vitamin D.