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Este artículo tiene un objetivo doble: describe el itinerario recorrido por el grupo argentino (EArte-Ar) del Estado del Arte de la Educación Ambiental en América Latina y el Caribe (Arte-ALyC), y presenta los resultados preliminares de su estudio sobre las tesis de maestría y doctorado asociadas al citado campo de conocimiento en el país. Tras enmarcar el estudio en la discusión más amplia alrededor de la educación ambiental, la sección metodológica describe y justifica cada uno de los pasos del proceso iterativo a través del cual se construyeron criterios e instrumentos de recolección y selección de las 52 tesis que constituyen el universo del capítulo argentino de este estudio más amplio. En materia de hallazgos, se muestran dos núcleos de información. El primero, refiere a los repositorios de tesis de posgrado, que en Argentina exhiben un incipiente proceso de digitalización y una alta disparidad de situaciones. El segundo núcleo refiere al universo de tesis de posgrado que abordan la relación procesos educativos y ambiente. Aquí se describe: 1) el mayor peso cuantitativo de tesis pertenecientes a programas de maestría sobre las de doctorado; 2) la predominancia de tesis producidas desde las áreas de las ciencias naturales y biológicas, y en menor medida, desde las ciencias sociales y humanidades; 3) y, por último, el año 2014 como el más fértil en materia de producción de las tesis que interesan al estudio. Aunque se describen algunos temas específicos de la relación procesos educativos y ambiente, el artículo plantea que uno de los desafíos para el mediano plazo es la sistematización rigurosa y el análisis del tipo de temáticas estudiadas en las tesis seleccionadas para el estudio.

Introducción El cáncer cervicouterino ocupa el segundo lugar de las neoplasias malignas que afectan a las mujeres en la República de Panamá. A pesar de que se puede detectar en fases tempranas, pacientes en fases avanzadas asociadas a falla renal todavía llegan para atención en el Instituto. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo consiste en la revisión de la evolución clínica de las pacientes con falla renal secundaria a cáncer cervicouterino en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional (ION) de Panamá en un período de 2015 a 2020 con el fin de poder hacer recomendaciones en el manejo de estas. Material y Métodos Es un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo. Para efectos del trabajo se consideró niveles de creatinina mayores a 2 mg/dL. La evaluación de la calidad de vida se realizó mediante la aplicación de cuestionarios específicos que no son parte de la atención de los pacientes del Instituto. Para identificar los casos se realizó un cruce de datos de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer cervicouterino y creatinina mayor de 2 mg/dL. Resultados. El número total de casos que pudieron ser revisados fue 65. El 94% de los casos correspondió al tipo histológico de carcinoma de células escamosas. La etapa más frecuente fue IIIB (44%). El índice ECOG 0/1 (72%). La hipertensión arterial estuvo presente en el 35% de los casos y la diabetes en 5%. Hubo pacientes en todos los rangos de creatinina que se utilizaron. De los 65 casos recibieron algún tipo de tratamiento oncológico. 36 de las 55 fueron tratadas con radioterapia o radioquimioterapia. 10 pacientes no pudieron recibir ningún tratamiento debido a mal estado general. La supervivencia global promedio fue de 7 meses. El grupo de 20-29 años tuvo una mejor supervivencia inicial, pero a los 10 meses se perdió esta diferencia. Conclusiones El promedio de la supervivencia global de las pacientes con falla renal secundaria a cáncer cervicouterino de nuestro estudio fue de 10 meses y no varió significativamente según el tipo de derivación renal utilizada.

Online freelancing platforms, such as Upwork, hold great promise in enabling flexible work opportunities where freelancers can combine their work with other life responsibilities, hereafter work-life. However, prior research suggests that platform features and self-managing demands of freelance work can jeopardise this apparent flexibility. In this paper, we report findings from a qualitative study, combining a 14-diary and semi-structured interview with 15 Upwork freelancers. We explored online freelancers' work practices, challenges, and the impact of platform features on their everyday lives. Our qualitative data suggest that platform features and individual context shape online freelancers' work-life practices. Freelancers develop strategies to mitigate platforms' constraints and balance their individual preferences and responsibilities. Further, our findings illustrate how platform features challenge freelancers' availability expectations, work autonomy, and work detachment. This paper contributes an empirical understanding of the factors influencing online freelancers' work-life practices by drawing upon Wanda J. Orlikowski's Structuration Model of Technology. This theoretical lens renders the interplay of freelancers, platforms, and instituted norms of freelance work.

Published by Elsevier Ltd., Background: Differences in the distribution of individual-level clinical risk factors across regions do not fully explain the observed global disparities in COVID-19 outcomes. We aimed to investigate the associations between environmental and societal factors and country-level variations in mortality attributed to COVID-19 among people with rheumatic disease globally. Methods: In this observational study, we derived individual-level data on adults (aged 18-99 years) with rheumatic disease and a confirmed status of their highest COVID-19 severity level from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance (GRA) registry, collected between March 12, 2020, and Aug 27, 2021. Environmental and societal factors were obtained from publicly available sources. The primary endpoint was mortality attributed to COVID-19. We used a multivariable logistic regression to evaluate independent associations between environmental and societal factors and death, after controlling for individual-level risk factors. We used a series of nested mixed-effects models to establish whether environmental and societal factors sufficiently explained country-level variations in death. Findings: 14 044 patients from 23 countries were included in the analyses. 10 178 (72·5%) individuals were female and 3866 (27·5%) were male, with a mean age of 54·4 years (SD 15·6). Air pollution (odds ratio 1·10 per 10 μg/m3 [95% CI 1·01-1·17]; p=0·0105), proportion of the population aged 65 years or older (1·19 per 1% increase [1·10-1·30]; p, MAG is supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (grant numbers K01 AR070585 and K24 AR074534 [JY]). KDW is supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Rheumatology Research Foundation Scientist Development award. JAS is supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (grant numbers K23 AR069688, R03 AR075886, L30 AR066953, P30 AR070253, and P30 AR072577), the Rheumatology Research Foundation (K Supplement Award and R Bridge Award), the Brigham Research Institute, and the R. Bruce and Joan M. Mickey Research Scholar Fund. NJP is supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (T32-AR-007258). AD-G is supported by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Rheumatology Research Foundation. RH was supported by the Justus-Liebig University Giessen Clinician Scientist Program in Biomedical Research to work on this registry. JY is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (K24 AR074534 and P30 AR070155).

La ausencia de una metodología comúnmente aceptada para medir la competitividad regional ha originado que múltiples países desarrollen sus propios mecanismos para establecer un ranking dentro de su territorio. En Perú, el Instituto Peruano de Economía (IPE) elabora un índice de competitividad regional, cuya metodología indica que la asignación de puntajes y establecimiento del ranking se realiza sobre la base de un cálculo a través de promedios simples. Esto genera dificultades para establecer el nivel de avance o brecha real por atender; puesto que otros países trabajan de forma más efectiva a través del uso de indicadores compuestos. También, se ha desarrollado una metodología para elaboración de un índice compuesto de competitividad regional con resultados agregados. Para demostrar su validez, la presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de estimar y analizar los resultados obtenidos a partir del procesamiento del Índice Compuesto de Competitividad Regional (ICCR) y su impacto sobre el ranking regional. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, de corte analítico y exploratorio. Los resultados muestran que el ICCR calculado es una herramienta que se debe utilizar para realizar recomendaciones de política pública considerando que los resultados tienen mayor robustez en relación con el Índice de Competitividad Regional (INCORE).

Training in self-defense techniques is carried out regularly in both civil and military contexts. Self-defense techniques are put into practice in dangerous situations such us a threat or a physical attack, which can generate great stress on the individual. When carrying out this study, we wanted to analyze the influence that training in self-defense techniques has on the stress experienced by students in a dangerous situation or while being attacked. For this reason, I have compared the measure of stress experienced by 14 students during their performance, facing situations of physical threat that they perform in simulated self-defense practices, which are carried out in this training. The student’s stress was measured with the Determination Test (DT) of the Vienna Test System. These defense practices against simulated attack situations take place at two different moments within the training course, one at the beginning and another once the training course has finished; therefore, the students have completely learned the defense techniques. I carried out the first measure of stress in situations of physical threat, in the simulation at the beginning of the training course, when the students had not yet learned any self-defense techniques. The second measurement was performed 21 days later, when the students had received self-defense training. This came during the simulation of situations of physical threat that is developed once the teaching of these techniques has finished and occurs at the end of the training course. The results show that the stress tolerance threshold increases with training. The results obtained in the variables measured pre and post show a decrease in the "median reaction time to the stimuli" and an increase in the variables "number of stimuli answered" and "correct reactions". This demonstrates that these subjects achieved a stress tolerance threshold in stressful situations with the highest physical threat, which was at the end of this formation. Therefore, there is an important degree of difference in the stress resistance of the subjects before the simulation of the first day of training, and that of the last day once they had already learned the self-defense techniques. These findings could contribute to highlighting the usefulness of this type of training both in military units and in civilian entities, not only to improve technical knowledge of self-defense but also to promote a more adaptive stress response in this type of situation.

En este artículo el autor pretende exponer algunas razones por las que los jueces y juezas deberían de adoptar el enfoque de género como criterio de interpretación en los procesos laborales, así como señalar algunos elementos a tomar en cuenta para la aplicación de dicho enfoque en el propio desarrollo del proceso laboral.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence in children and adolescents has been increasing in the past years. It has been demonstrated that parental exposure to different conditions, both preconceptionally and during pregnancy, can lead to fetal programming of several metabolic diseases, including NAFLD. In this article, we review some of the maternal and paternal conditions that may be involved in early-life programing of adult NAFLD. First, we describe the maternal nutritional factors that have been suggested to increase the risk of NAFLD in the offspring, such as an obesogenic diet, overweight/obesity, and altered lipogenesis. Second, we review the association of certain vitamin supplementation and the use of some drugs during pregnancy, for instance, glucocorticoids, with a higher risk of NAFLD. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence showing that maternal-fetal pathologies, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), insulin resistance (IR), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), as well as the exposure to environmental contaminants, and the impact of microbiome changes, are important factors in early-life programming of NAFLD. Finally, we review how paternal preconceptional conditions, such as exercise and diet (particularly obesogenic diets), may impact fetal growth and liver function. Altogether, the presented evidence supports the hypothesis that both in utero exposure and parental conditions may influence fetal outcomes, including the development of NAFLD in early life and adulthood. The study of these conditions is crucial to better understand the diverse mechanisms involved in NAFLD, as well as for defining new preventive strategies for this disease.

Objetivo: Determinar la características clínicas, epidemiológicas y terapéuticas de los tumores malignos de células germinales en ovario. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional transversal retrospectivo donde se evaluaron mediante expediente electrónico las características de 67 pacientes con diagnóstico de tumores malignos de células germinales de ovario atendidas en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional de enero 2012 a diciembre 2021. Resultados: La prevalencia de tumores malignos de células germinales de ovario en la población de estudio es de un 8.6%. El grupo etario predominante fue en la segunda y tercera década de la vida en un 80.59%. Casi un 40% de las pacientes son de grupo étnico originario. El tipo histológico más frecuente es el disgerminoma seguido de teratoma inmaduro, tumor mixto y tumor de seno endodérmico. 52% eran nuligestas. 96% de las pacientes presentaron algún síntoma al diagnóstico y el síntoma principal fue el dolor abdominal. No hubo asociación entre un marcador tumoral específico y tipo histológico. 95% recibió tratamiento quirúrgico. El 95.52% pudieron ser intervenidas quirúrgicamente, de esas un 89% se preservó la fertilidad. 60% ameritó quimioterapia y el esquema más usado fue Bleomicina, Etopósido y Platino. 6% recurrieron, 13% fallecieron, se obtuvo una supervivencia global de 86%. Conclusión: Los tumores germinales malignos en nuestra población tienen una prevalencia de un 8.6%, predominan en la tercera década de la vida y en pacientes mestizas y originarias. Se desconoce la causa de la alta prevalencia en el grupo étnico originario. El tipo histológico más frecuente es el disgerminoma. No se evidenció correlación específica entre tipo histológico y marcador tumoral asociado. 6% de las pacientes con tumores malignos de células germinales recurren, 13% mueren, obteniendo una supervivencia global de 87%.

En este artículo analizamos los límites intrínsecos de nociones como la «dignidad humana» y otros análogos interculturales a la luz de la asimetría ineludible que imponen las reglas inherentes de inclusión, exclusión y jerarquía de todo lenguaje. En este marco, analizamos la excepcionalidad que supone la dignidad humana para el concepto mismo de los derechos humanos. Sobre esa base, sostenemos que es imperativo mantener diferenciados los privilegios que reconocemos a los animales humanos, de los derechos que reconocemos a otros animales no humanos, sin que ello implique argumentar en desmedro de estos últimos. Finalmente, en el marco del análisis epistemológico y lingüístico, reconocemos el carácter paradójico e ineludible de los derechos humanos, que impone «violentamente» un orden de sentido que, en última instancia, parecen fundarse en la exclusiva voluntad del legislador.

Background: Persistent müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is characterized by the persistence of müllerian duct derivatives in otherwise normally virilized 46,XY males. Biallelic mutations of the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) and AMH receptor type 2 (AMHR2) genes lead to PMDS type 1 and 2, respectively. Aim: The aims of the study were to report the clinical, hormonal, and genetic findings in a patient with PMDS and discuss surgical strategies to achieve successful orchidopexy. Results: A 4-year-old boy was evaluated after the incidental finding of müllerian derivates during laparoscopy for nonpalpable gonads. Karyotype was 46,XY and laboratory tests revealed normal serum gonadotropin and androgen levels but undetectable serum AMH levels. PMDS was suspected. Molecular analysis revealed a novel variant c.902_929del in exon 5 and a previously reported mutation (c.367C>T) in exon 1 of the AMH gene. Successful orchidopexy was performed in two sequential surgeries in which the müllerian duct structure was preserved and divided to protect the vascular supply to the gonads. Histological evaluation of the testicular biopsy showed mild signs of dysgenesis. Doppler ultrasound showed blood flow in both testes positioned in the scrotum 1.5 years after surgery. Conclusion: PMDS is a rare entity that requires a high index of suspicion (from surgeons) when evaluating a patient with bilateral cryptorchidism. Surgical treatment is challenging and long-term follow-up is essential. Histological evaluation of the testis deserves further investigation.

Este artículo estima el papel del teletrabajo como mitigador del impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en el mercado laboral argentino. Para ese propósito, se analiza la relación entre el potencial de teletrabajo a nivel ocupacional estimado en base a tres encuestas diferentes (O*NET, PIAAC, y STEP), y los resultados del mercado laboral a nivel individual, explotando la estructura de paneles rotativosde la encuesta nacional de hogares. Se encontró que durante el pico de las restricciones por la pandemia, el potencial del teletrabajo estuvo positivamente relacionado con la probabilidad de estar activo y empleado. Estos efectos están concentrados en la submuestra de trabajadores “no esenciales”. Por el contrario, no encontramos efectos sistemáticos del potencial del teletrabajo en las transiciones laborales antes de la pandemia, lo cual es un resultado consistente con nuestra estrategia de identificación.

To understand providers' perceptions of how a patient's experience of racism may impact the successful implementation of a brief posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in the safety net integrated primary care setting. To conduct a developmental formative evaluation prior to a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation trial.From October 2020 to January 2021, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with integrated primary care stakeholders (N = 27) at the largest safety net hospital in New England, where 82% of patients identify as racial or ethnic minorities.Interviews with clinical stakeholders were used to (a) contextualize current patient and provider experiences and responses to racism, (b) consider how racism may impact PTSD treatment implementation, (c) gather recommendations for potential augmentation to the proposed PTSD treatment (e.g., culturally responsive delivery, cultural adaptation), and (d) gather recommendations for how to shift the integrated primary care practice to an antiracist framework.Interview data were gathered using remote data collection methods (video conferencing). Participants were hospital employees, including psychologists, social workers, primary care physicians, community health workers, administrators, and operations managers. We used conventional content analysis.Clinical stakeholders acknowledged the impact of racism, including racial stress and trauma, on patient engagement and noted the potential need to adapt PTSD treatments to enhance engagement. Clinical stakeholders also characterized the harms of racism on patients and providers and provided recommendations such as changes to staff training and hiring practices, examination of racist policies, and increases in support for providers of color.This study contextualizes providers' perceptions of racism in the integrated primary care practice and provides some suggestions for shifting to an antiracist framework. Our findings also highlight how racism in health care may be a PTSD treatment implementation barrier.

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio y análisis de los manuales de Música destinados a la formación de maestros en las Escuelas Normales, en España, entre 1900 y 1936. Se realiza una introducción sobre la legislación y los planes de estudios destinados a la formación de los maestros en esta época. Se realiza un análisis de estos métodos de enseñanza atendiendo a sus autores, contenidos musicales y planteamientos didácticos. Se obtienen conclusiones que nos acercan al conocimiento de la preparación recibida en la materia de Música en las Escuelas Normales en esta época.

Intervención de la presidenta del Consejo de Estado Dª María Teresa Fernández de la Vega en la presentación de la Cátedra Manuel Ballbé de Derecho Global y Seguridad Humana el día 19 de noviembre de 2021 en Barcelona.

Objective. To report the results of ventricular tachycardia (VT) catheter ablation in ischemic heart disease (IHD), and to identify risk factors associated with recurrence in a Mexican center. Materials and methods. We made a retrospective review of the cases of VT ablation performed in our center from 2015 to 2022. We analyzed the characteristics of the patients and those of the procedures separately and we determined factors associated with recurrence. Results. Fifty procedures were performed in 38 patients (84% male; mean age 58.1 years). Acute success rate was 82%, with a 28% of recurrences. Female sex (OR 3.33, IC 95% 1.66–6.68, p=0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 3.5, IC 95% 2.08–5.9, p=0.012), electrical storm (OR 2.4, IC 95% 1.06–5.41, p=0.045), functional class greater than II (OR 2.86, IC 95% 1.34–6.10, p=0.018) were risk factors for recurrence and the presence of clinical VT at the time of ablation (OR0.29, IC95% 0.12–0.70, p=0.004) and the use of more than 2 techniques for mapping (OR 0.64, IC 95% 0.48–0.86, p=0.013) were protective factors. Conclusions. Ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischemic heart disease has had good results in our center. The recurrence is similar to that reported by other authors and there are some factors associated with it.

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) infect sheep and goats resulting in significant economic losses. This study evaluated for the first time the predicted conformational structure of the SRLV-capsid-protein 25 (SRLV-p25) and analyzed the antigenicity of recombinant protein (SRLV-rp25) in mice by coupling to an immunostimulatory complexes based on glycyrrhizinic acid liposomes (GAL) and tested plasma from goats and sheep naturally infected. Analysis in silico and conformational structure of SRLV-p25 (genotype B-FESC-752) showed similar characteristics to other lentiviral capsids. The efficient expression of SRLV-rp25 was confirmed by Western blot. The humoral immune responses in mice showed an increased level of antibodies from day 21 to 35 of the SRLV-rp25-GAL and SRLV-rp25-ISCOM® groups and the cellular immune response showed no significant difference in IL-10 levels (P >.05), however, a significant difference (P

The hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricata is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and its population has declined by over 80% in the last century. The Eastern Pacific population is one of the most threatened hawksbill populations globally. Western Mexico is the northern distribution limit for hawksbill sea turtles in the Eastern Pacific and recent research indicates that the Mexican Pacific portion of the population is a separate management unit because of the restricted movements of these turtles. Here we use the most complete database of sighting records in the north-west Pacific of Mexico to identify sites where hawksbill turtles are present. We also develop a conservation index to determine the conservation status of hawksbill turtle sites. Our results demonstrate the importance of this region for juveniles and the relevance of rocky reefs and mangrove estuaries as habitats for hawksbill turtles. We identified 52 sites with records of hawksbill turtles. Most of these sites (71%) are not protected; however, sites with high conservation value included islands and coastal sites along the Baja California peninsula that are established as marine protected areas. Reefs and mangrove estuaries relevant for hawksbill turtles are probably also significant fish nursery areas that are important for local fishing communities, creating opportunities for conservation strategies that combine science, local engagement and policy to benefit both local fishing communities and hawksbill sea turtle conservation.

[Resumen] Las empresas y organizaciones pueden enfrentar en algún momento situaciones imprevistas que pongan en riesgo su estabilidad económica, tecnológica, o de personal, y para hacer frente a estos escenarios, es necesario que cuenten con estrategias de gestión que les ayuden a enfrentar la crisis organizacional que estén viviendo en ese momento. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar tres teorías (sistémica, grupos de interés, y comunicación organizacional y relaciones públicas) a fin de establecer las estrategias que debe seguir la empresa para evitar que una crisis organizacional tenga un impacto negativo en su actividad o reputación. Entre las principales estrategias a desarrollar se encuentran: establecer políticas de comunicación, identificar grupos de interés y capacitar a los voceros. [Abstract] Companies and organisations may at some point face unforeseen situations that put their financial, technological or personnel stability at risk. In order to deal with these scenarios, they need management strategies to help manage the specific organisational crisis taking place. The aim of this article is to analyse the problem from three perspectives (systemic, stakeholders, and organisational communication and public relations) in order to establish strategies to prevent a future crisis from having a negative impact on the company’s activities or reputation. The main strategies identified are the establishment of communication policies, identification of stakeholders, and media training.

El estudio tuvo el propósito de evaluar el rendimiento de seis cultivares de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Will) en condiciones agroecológicas de Vilcabamba - Apurímac, para determinar cual de los cultivares presenta mejor rendimiento. Se adopto el diseño experimental donde se manipulo las variables seis variedades de quinua, que fueron distribuidas en un arreglo de diseño de bloques completamente aleatorizados (DBCA) teniendo tres repeticiones, con dieciocho unidades experimentales. Los resultados muestran que las seis variedades de quinua presentan diferencia significativa al 95% de confiabilidad, puesto que el valor de Pr(>F) es menor de 0.05. que es ratificada con el análisis de Tukey al 95% de confiabilidad, es tal que el peso de grano por panoja de seis cultivares de quinua (gr), por bloques (B1, B2, B3) tuvo el promedio y la varianza; la variedad con menor peso de grano por panoja es Pasankalla con 8.37 gr seguido por INIA Salcedo con 10.82 gr y la variedad que tiene mayor peso de grano por panoja es Amarilla Marangani con 25.00 gr, por lo que se concluye que las variedades muestran diferencias en el rendimiento.

Background/objectiveThis study describes the impact of immunomodulatory and/or immunosuppressive (IM/IS) drugs in the outcomes of COVID-19 infection in a cohort of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs).MethodsAdult patients with IMIDs with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Data were reported by the treating physician between August 13, 2020 and July 31, 2021. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and DMARDs, as well as clinical characteristics, complications, and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, were recorded. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were carried out.ResultsA total of 1672 patients with IMIDs were included, of whom 1402 were treated with IM/IS drugs. The most frequent diseases were rheumatoid arthritis (47.7%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (18.4%). COVID-19 symptoms were present in 95.2% of the patients. A total of 461 (27.6%) patients were hospitalized, 8.2% were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 4.4% died due to COVID-19.Patients without IM/IS treatment used glucocorticoids less frequently but at higher doses, had higher levels of disease activity, were significantly older, were more frequently hospitalized, admitted to the intensive care unit, and died due to COVID-19. After adjusting for these factors, treatment with IM/IS drugs was not associated with a worse COVID-19 outcome (World Health Organization-Ordinal Scale ≥5) (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.73-2.06).ConclusionsSAR-COVID is the first multicenter Argentine registry collecting data from patients with rheumatic diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection. After adjusting for relevant covariates, treatment with IM/IS drugs was not associated with severe COVID-19 in patients with IMIDs.Study registrationThis study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT04568421.

ResumenEl proceso de concepción, escritura y revisión de La arquitectura moderna desde 1900 podría ser objecto de un estudio interesante según William J.R. Curtis. Después de la publicación de la primera edición (1982), apareció una segunda (1987) con un prefacio y capítulo al final sobre la arquitectura reciente. En la tercera edición (1996), el contenido sufrió una revisión y expansión; una integración de nuevas investigaciones en su discurso narrativo sin precedentes en la historiografía de la arquitectura moderna. Aunque la arquitectura moderna de países fuera de Europa y los Estados Unidos ya aparecía en la primera edición, no es hasta la tercera que Curtis cumple con su objetivo de mostrar el significado de la arquitectura moderna en partes remotas del mundo. Este artículo presenta la historia de la escritura del libro y propone analizar los cambios introducidos como objetivos que Curtis cumplió con un retraso de quince años. AbstractThe process of the conception, writing and revising of Modern Architecture Since 1900 would make an interesting study, according to William J.R. Curtis. After the first edition published in 1982, a second edition appeared in 1987 with a preface and an addendum on recent architecture. In the third edition (1996), the content was massively revised and expanded; an unusual integration of new findings into the overall synthesis. Although modern architecture in countries outside of central Europe and the United States already appeared in the first edition of the book, it is not until the third that Curtis fulfilled the objective to show what modern architecture may mean in remote parts of a rapidly changing world. This essay presents the story of the writing of the book and reflects on the changes introduced in the third edition understanding them as objectives that Curtis achieved with a delay of fifteen years.

El presente ensayo intenta servir como un estado de la cuestión sobre el impacto del legado socialista en la dinámica espacial de las ciudades postsoviéticas, especialmente considerando su espacio público. Para ello aborda diversos trabajos académicos que han estudiado las dinámicas espaciales de la transición de las ciudades del ámbito soviético al momento postsoviético, transitando por diversos elementos identificados por distintos autores, tales como la globalización, la dinámica del mercado, el consumismo en la población de estas ciudades, etc., así como su relación con emergentes del pasado socialista, a saber, la reacción frente a distintos símbolos de esa época, espacios públicos de memoria, etc. Dichos elementos se corresponden con imaginarios relacionales con ese pasado reciente, renarrativizándolo con perspectivas a veces negativas y a veces positivas. El alcance de dichas narrativas se traduce en las dinámicas de los espacios públicos, que a veces se corresponden con el abandono de lugares, o por el contrario su cuidado y mejora, el cambio rotundo de los mismos (como por ejemplo el reflejado en la relocalización de monumentos, entre otros), etc. Se concluye que ese legado socialista podría ser superado en algún momento, sin embargo, podría también continuar nutriendo la construcción del espacio social del mundo postsocialista, en general, como hasta ahora.

We record the new highest elevation of two endemic lizards from Mexico. Our records for the Largescale Spiny Lizard Sceloporus megalepidurus Smith, 1934 extends 310 m its previous highest record, from 3,080 to 3,390 m in Peñon de Tlaxco, and for the Eastern Spiny Lizard S. spinosus Wiegmann, 1828 extends 360 m its previous highest record, from 2,670 to 3,030 m in the volcano La Malinche, both records in Tlaxcala, Mexico. We discuss our observations in the context of global climate change, habitat alterations, and the ecological implications in the new environment.

La disponibilidad en España de indicadores y estándares de calidad asistencial para Psicología Clínica en el Sistema Nacional de Salud es limitada. En este trabajo analizamos indicadores y estándares asistenciales ambulatorios informados por 107 Facultativos de Psicología Clínica en Centros de Salud Mental del Servicio Madrileño de Salud, a través de una encuesta online completada en 2021. El tiempo medio para la primera consulta normal en adultos fue de 4 meses y 5 en infanto-juvenil. El tiempo medio entre sesiones en ambos fueron 7 semanas. El número medio de pacientes nuevos semanales es de 8 y 6 en adultos e infanto-juvenil y de pacientes diarios fue de 9 y 8 respectivamente. La carga media total es 328 pacientes en adultos y 280 en infanto-juvenil. Sin embargo, los encuestados creen que la carga de pacientes activos debería ser 74, sin superar los 150 y un máximo de 6 al día. La mayoría de los psicólogos/as clínicos/as propone aumentar el número de plazas PIR y apoya la creación de Servicios de Psicología Clínica. La carga asistencial supera las recomendaciones de otros expertos. Se concluye que es imprescindible aumentar la ratio de psicólogos/as clínicos/as para alcanzar los estándares recomendados. Indicators and standards of care quality for Clinical Psychology in the National Health System are limited in Spain. In this work, outpatients’ indicators and standards reported by 107 Clinical Psychologists in Mental Health Centers of the Madrid Health Service were analyzed, through an online survey completed in 2021. The average waiting list for the first normal appointment in adults was 4 months and 5 in children. The mean time between sessions in both was 7 weeks. The average number of new weekly patients is 8 and 6 in adults and children and adolescents, and of daily patients was 9 and 8, respectively. The total mean load was 328 patients in adults and 280 in children. However, the participants believe that the active patient load should be 74, without exceeding 150, and a maximum of 6 per day. Most clinical psychologists propose to increase the number of PIR positions and support the creation of Clinical Psychology Services. The care burden exceeds the recommendations of other experts. It is concluded that it is essential to increase the ratio of clinical psychologists to reach the recommended standards.

This study aims to describe the course and to identify poor prognostic factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with rheumatic diseases.Patients ≥ 18 years of age, with a rheumatic disease, who had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were consecutively included by major rheumatology centers from Argentina, in the national, observational SAR-COVID registry between August 13, 2020 and July 31, 2021. Hospitalization, oxygen requirement, and death were considered poor COVID-19 outcomes.A total of 1915 patients were included. The most frequent rheumatic diseases were rheumatoid arthritis (42%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (16%). Comorbidities were reported in half of them (48%). Symptoms were reported by 95% of the patients, 28% were hospitalized, 8% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 4% died due to COVID-19. During hospitalization, 9% required non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) or high flow oxygen devices and 17% invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). In multivariate analysis models, using poor COVID-19 outcomes as dependent variables, older age, male gender, higher disease activity, treatment with glucocorticoids or rituximab, and the presence of at least one comorbidity and a greater number of them were associated with worse prognosis. In addition, patients with public health insurance and Mestizos were more likely to require hospitalization.In addition to the known poor prognostic factors, in this cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases, high disease activity, and treatment with glucocorticoids and rituximab were associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, patients with public health insurance and Mestizos were 44% and 39% more likely to be hospitalized, respectively.This study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT04568421. Key Points • High disease activity, and treatment with glucocorticoids and rituximab were associated with poor COVID-19 outcome in patients with rheumatic diseases. • Some socioeconomic factors related to social inequality, including non-Caucasian ethnicity and public health insurance, were associated with hospitalization due to COVID-19.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to disability, especially among patients younger than 18 years old in the United States. While insurance is often needed to receive services, studies investigating whether TBI treatment adequacy is dependent on the insurance type are scant. Our objective was to determine whether private insurance in paediatric TBI patients is associated with a higher perceived adequacy of healthcare compared with non-private insurance. This was a cross-sectional study utilising secondary data collected from the National Survey of Children Health 2011/12. The main exposure of interest was the insurance status of children at the time of a TBI (private vs non-private). The study outcome was the perceived adequacy of healthcare, defined as having coverage needs that were usually or always met by insurance. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis were used. After adjustments for the covariates, the odds of adequate healthcare among those with non-private insurance compared with those with private were not statistically significant (OR 1.49; 95% CI 0.87–2.55). This study implicates paediatric TBI patients do not believe they receive adequate healthcare independent of insurance status. Clinicians, policy makers, and researchers need to better evaluate and address this issue.

[EN] Let X be a metric continuum and n ∈ N. Let Fn(X) be the hyperspace of nonempty subsets of X with at most n points. If 1 ≤ m < n, we consider the quotient space Fnm(X) = Fn(X)/Fm(X). Given a mapping f : X → X, we consider the induced mappings fn : Fn(X) → Fn(X)and fnm : Fnm(X) → Fnm(X). In this paper we study relations among the dynamics of the mappings f, fn and fnm and we answer some questions, by F. Barragán, A. Santiago-Santos and J. Tenorio, related to the properties: minimality, irreducibility, strong transitivity and turbulence., This paper was partially supported by the projects “Teoría de Continuos, Hiperespacios y Sistemas Dinámicos III”, (IN 106319) of PAPIIT, DGAPA, UNAM; and “Teoría de Continuos e Hiperespacios, dos” (AI-S-15492) of CONACYT.

El artículo estudia la inclusión de la sostenibilidad como criterio europeo en la evaluación antitrust de los acuerdos entre empresas, analizando las diversas acciones que confirman la relevancia del Derecho de la Competencia para la transición ecológica. Entre ellas destaca la incidencia de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS), especialmente los relacionados con el medio ambiente, en la autorización de acuerdos verticales y conductas relacionadas con el mercado agrario, así como en la aplicación pública del Derecho de la Competencia. El trabajo también examina la inclusión de los acuerdos de sostenibilidad en la Propuesta de «Directrices sobre la aplicabilidad del artículo 101 del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea a los acuerdos de cooperación horizontal» (2022).

Objetivo: La enfermedad de ojo seco es una patología multifactorial, de la superficie ocular y lágrima, que provoca un cuadro clínico con alteración fluctuante de la visión y una película lagrimal inestable con potencial daño a la superficie ocular. Los microRNAs representan una familia recientemente descubierta, formada por ARN con longitud de 18 a 25 nucleótidos. --- Objetivo: caracterizar el patrón de expresión de miR-34, miR-106 y miR-184 en la enfermedad de ojo seco multifactorial, para evaluar su potencial como biomarcadores. --- Material y metodos: estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo y prospectivo en pacientes con enfermedad de ojo seco respecto a pacientes sanos, donde se cuantificó la expresión de tres microRNAs. A cada paciente incluido en este estudio se le realizó exploración oftalmológica, evaluación clínica, toma de muestra sanguínea y de lágrima para análisis y cuantificación de microRNAs mediante técnica RT-PCR, con método de Pfaffl. --- Resultados: se encontró sobreexpresión de miR-106 en suero, con tasa de cambio 2 veces mayor, y sobreexpresión de miR-184 en lágrima, con tasa de cambio 3 veces más, respecto a grupo control, estadísticamente significativos. Conclusión: nuestros resultados sugieren que dos microRNAs medidos podrían estar implicados en la fisiopatología de enfermedad de ojo seco, de manera sistémica (miR-106) y de manera localizada (miR184). Sin embargo, dada la complejidad de estas vías moleculares, se dificulta la delimitación de su papel en la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad, motivo por el cual se necesitan más estudios, para validar su papel como biomarcadores diagnósticos tempranos para detección de enfermedad de ojo seco. Palabras clave: microRNAs, RT-PCR, lágrima, ojo seco.

Análisis del concepto diabesidad, mediante la metodología de Walker y Avant, los cuales proponen ocho pasos: (1) Selección del concepto: se seleccionó dada la carga global de morbi-mortalidad atribuida a la diabetes y obesidad. (2) Objetivo del análisis: reunir información sobre la diabesidad para tener una línea de base sobre la utilización e implicaciones del mismo. (3) Identificar los usos: se ha usado para designar simultáneamente a la obesidad y diabetes dentro de la salud pública. (4) Características y atributos del concepto: se identifican diversas características relacionadas con alteraciones en todos los sistemas corporales, especialmente en el metabólico. (5) Caso modelo y (6) Caso contrario/límite: ambos se realizaron con base en la literatura. (7) Identificación de antecedentes y consecuencias: dentro de los antecedentes se identifican los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y las consecuencias corresponden a las alternativas y tratamientos terapéuticos. (8) Definición de indicadores empíricos: se identificaron múltiples que contribuyen a medir diversas moléculas corporales relacionadas con obesidad y diabetes. Conclusión: La diabesidad es un padecimiento de alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, tiene repercusiones a nivel físico, psicológico y social, por tal motivo es importante la comprensión holística del fenómeno.

Nowadays visualization is the main method to display and analyze scientific information in astronomy, only one sense analyzing a big amount of datasets, even after 20 years of formal meeting to discuss the use and capabilities of sonification. Beyond the reluctance to use sonification, there is a growing need for new forms of data display either for research or for outreach. In this sense, and centred mainly on research, SonoUno start been developed. In this opportunity, the sonoUno web interface is presented, the aim of this contribution is to produce a tool for users who don't need large datasets, or are simply interested in testing the concepts of the SonoUno project, without going through all the trouble of installing a full featured SonoUno system. The results are promising, real data sets were opened, sonified and some mathematical functions applied.

Body maintenance costs are often considered a proxy for performance in fitness traits. Maintenance energy requirements are measured as minimal metabolic rate of inactive, postabsorptive individuals in the laboratory. For mountain-dwelling species, translocation to the laboratory often means that they are also moved to another elevation. Due to physiological adaptations to local oxygen pressure, rapid elevational change can alter metabolic rate and translocation may result in erroneous estimates of body maintenance costs. In this study, we measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) of three populations of the Mesquite lizard (Sceloporus grammicus, Wiegmann 1828) at their native elevations (i.e., 2600, 3200 and 4100 m). Our results showed that at native elevations, mass specific RMR of lizards from the high elevation population (4100 m) did not differ from the RMR of the other populations (i.e., 2600 and 3200 m), whereas the lizards from the low elevation (2600 m) had lower RMR than those from the intermediate population. These results differ from a previous study in which the RMR of lizards from the same populations were reported to increase with native elevation when translocated and measured at an intermediate elevation. Hence, our results show that translocation in elevation can affect metabolic measures. We caution researchers that changes in elevation may preclude accurate measures of RMR in some animals and may therefore incorrectly predict performance of fitness-related traits.

Introducción. Conocer las barreras modificables que impiden la adherencia a tratamientos y, entender cómo las personas construyen y modifican sus decisiones y acciones en materia de salud, es un requisito indispensable para el abordaje del sobrepeso y la obesidad. Objetivo. Diseñar una intervención en salud que fomente el cambio de comportamientos que favorezcan la adherencia a un plan de alimentación y actividad física en mujeres en edad fértil. Material y métodos. Se realizó un análisis mixto que incluyó la revisión de expedientes clínicos en un consultorio privado de nutrición y la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres con intención y sin intención de perder peso, para identificar factores relacionados con el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad. A partir de esto se diseñó una intervención en salud que busca fomentar el cambio de comportamientos para la pérdida de peso. Resultados. Se encontró que factores relacionados con actitudes, normas percibidas y agencia personal estructuran el cambio de comportamiento. Conclusiones. Las intervenciones para control de peso deberían buscar la adherencia terapéutica; fomentar el fortalecimiento y creación de redes de apoyo; identificar y abordar las barreras de adherencia; adaptarse a las necesidades del individuo y su entorno; y tener instrumentos evaluativos.

We report the discovery of a candidate galaxy with a photo-z of z ∼ 12 in the first epoch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Following conservative selection criteria, we identify a source with a robust z phot = 11.8 − 0.2 + 0.3 (1σ uncertainty) with m F200W = 27.3 and ≳7σ detections in five filters. The source is not detected at λ < 1.4 μm in deep imaging from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST and has faint ∼3σ detections in JWST F150W and HST F160W, which signal a Lyα break near the red edge of both filters, implying z ∼ 12. This object (Maisie’s Galaxy) exhibits F115W − F200W > 1.9 mag (2σ lower limit) with a blue continuum slope, resulting in 99.6% of the photo-z probability distribution function favoring z > 11. All data-quality images show no artifacts at the candidate’s position, and independent analyses consistently find a strong preference for z > 11. Its colors are inconsistent with Galactic stars, and it is resolved (r h = 340 ± 14 pc). Maisie’s Galaxy has log M */M ⊙ ∼ 8.5 and is highly star-forming (log sSFR ∼ −8.2 yr−1), with a blue rest-UV color (β ∼ −2.5) indicating little dust, though not extremely low metallicity. While the presence of this source is in tension with most predictions, it agrees with empirical extrapolations assuming UV luminosity functions that smoothly decline with increasing redshift. Should follow-up spectroscopy validate this redshift, our universe was already aglow with galaxies less than 400 Myr after the Big Bang.

We report the discovery of a candidate galaxy with a photo-z of z ∼ 12 in the first epoch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Following conservative selection criteria, we identify a source with a robust z phot = 11.8−0.2+0.3 (1σ uncertainty) with m F200W = 27.3 and ≳7σ detections in five filters. The source is not detected at λ < 1.4 μm in deep imaging from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST and has faint ∼3σ detections in JWST F150W and HST F160W, which signal a Lyα break near the red edge of both filters, implying z ∼ 12. This object (Maisie’s Galaxy) exhibits F115W − F200W > 1.9 mag (2σ lower limit) with a blue continuum slope, resulting in 99.6% of the photo-z probability distribution function favoring z > 11. All data-quality images show no artifacts at the candidate’s position, and independent analyses consistently find a strong preference for z > 11. Its colors are inconsistent with Galactic stars, and it is resolved (r h = 340 ± 14 pc). Maisie’s Galaxy has log M */M ⊙ ∼ 8.5 and is highly star-forming (log sSFR ∼ −8.2 yr−1), with a blue rest-UV color (β ∼ −2.5) indicating little dust, though not extremely low metallicity. While the presence of this source is in tension with most predictions, it agrees with empirical extrapolations assuming UV luminosity functions that smoothly decline with increasing redshift. Should follow-up spectroscopy validate this redshift, our universe was already aglow with galaxies less than 400 Myr after the Big Bang.