Search

Studie se věnuje instrumentalizaci historie v národní ideologii T. G. Masaryka na počátku 20. století. Podle autorova názoru Masaryk vědomě přehlížel dřívější cyrilometodějskou tradici. Dějiny pro něj začínaly až husitskou reformací. Dějiny „Slovenska” v Masarykových očích nabývaly charakteru dějin československého národa až do okamžiku působení českých husitů na Slovensku. Masaryk obecně stavěl na slovenském kulturním nacionalismu, ale Kollárův program mu nepřipadal dostatečný. V případě „Slovenska” nevyužíval jazykovou definici nacionalismu, ale nahradil ji historickým konstruktem ve formě spojené kulturní identity Čechů a Slováků. Tím položil důraz na politické dějiny, což v jeho očích vedlo k identifikaci Čechů a Slováků v politickém a územním smyslu slova a potlačení potenciálního patriotismu maďarského.

SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus responsible for the worst global pandemic in a century. An understanding of how the virus can infect other vertebrate species is important for controlling viral spread and understanding the natural history of the virus.

Třes je nejcastějsi abnormalni pohyb, objevujici se jako samostatný přiznak nebo v kombinaci s dalsimi poruchami hybnosti. Tento přehledový clanek přinasi pohled na klinickou klasifikaci třesu dle nejnovějsiho konsenzualniho doporuceni. Hlavni důraz se klade na popis přiznaků a syndromů třesu a diagnosticka kriteria jeho hlavnich jednotek urcených pro každodenni neurologickou praxi.

The reinforcing steel embedded in concrete is generally protected against corrosion by the high alkalinity (pH = 12.5 to 13.5) of the concrete pore solution. The structural degradation of concrete structures due to reinforcement’s corrosion has an impact on the safety, serviceability and durability of the structure. The corrosion of reinforcements in the construction of a transport infrastructure (especially bridges), parking areas, etc., is primarily initiated by chlorides from de-icing salts. Glass fiber reinforcement polymer (GFRP) bars are suitable alternatives to steel bars in reinforced concrete applications. The bond between concrete and reinforcement is one of the basic requirements for the composite action of both materials. The transfer of forces between the steel reinforcement and the concrete is provided by the following mechanisms: adhesion, friction and mechanical interlocking. The bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete is different and it is ensured by friction and mechanical interlocking of the rebar surface. The chemical bond does not originate between GFRP reinforcement and the surrounding concrete, so adhesion does not contribute to transfer of the bond forces. Some few test methods are used to determine the bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete. The pull-out tests were used to determine the bond behavior between GFRP rebars and concrete. This paper describes the preparation, process, results and evaluation of the pull-out tests.

In the Czech Republic, Forensic Treatment (FT) services consist of inpatient protective treatment (PT), outpatients treatment and secure detention (SD). Currently, there are 13 facilities providing inpatient PT; 386 clinics providing outpatient treatment and 2 SD. 950 patients receive inpatient and 2,300 outpatient treatment. 85 patients are currently in SD. Czech psychiatric care reform aims to separate the inpatient care from the rest of psychiatric care as well as create Protective Multidisciplinary Teams and services for minority populations. The whole system of care needs to implement risk assessment and adjust recovery management plans to indicated risks.

The number of women in parliament is consistently low throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Many factors contribute to this situation, but studies suggest that one major factor relates to the way that women are treated on social media. This report aims to identify how women politicians fare against their male counterparts on social media and to evaluate whether women in politics face a greater challenge than men. Overall, there were four times as much problematic content related to the Facebook pages of male politicians compared to their female counterparts. It is important to note that the vast majority of the problematic comments aimed at women politicians were in the sexist category. Compared to their male colleagues, female politicians are treated in a less serious manner on Facebook. Comments on their posts touch on their appearance and personal qualities rather than their politics.

Single-dose vaccines with the ability to restrict SARS-CoV-2 replication in the respiratory tract are needed for all age groups, aiding efforts toward control of COVID-19. We developed a live intranasal vector vaccine for infants and children against COVID-19 based on replication-competent chimeric bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 (B/HPIV3) that express the native (S) or prefusion-stabilized (S-2P) SARS-CoV-2 S spike protein, the major protective and neutralization antigen of SARS-CoV-2. B/HPIV3/S and B/HPIV3/S-2P replicated as efficiently as B/HPIV3 in vitro and stably expressed SARS-CoV-2 S. Prefusion stabilization increased S expression by B/HPIV3 in vitro. In hamsters, a single intranasal dose of B/HPIV3/S-2P induced significantly higher titers compared to B/HPIV3/S of serum SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (12-fold higher), serum IgA and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 S protein (5-fold and 13-fold), and IgG to the receptor binding domain (10-fold). Antibodies exhibited broad neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 of lineages A, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351. Four weeks after immunization, hamsters were challenged intranasally with 10

Oral and craniofacial bone defects caused by congenital disease or trauma are widespread. In the case of severe alveolar bone defect, autologous bone grafting has been considered a “gold standard”; however, the procedure has several disadvantages, including limited supply, resorption, donor site morbidity, deformity, infection, and bone graft rejection. In the last few decades, bone tissue engineering combined with stem cell-based therapy may represent a possible alternative to current bone augmentation techniques. The number of studies investigating different cell-based bone tissue engineering methods to reconstruct alveolar bone damage is rapidly rising. As an interdisciplinary field, bone tissue engineering combines the use of osteogenic cells (stem cells/progenitor cells), bioactive molecules, and biocompatible scaffolds, whereas stem cells play a pivotal role. Therefore, our work highlights the osteogenic potential of various dental tissue-derived stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the progress in differentiation techniques of iPSCs into osteoprogenitor cells, and the efforts that have been made to fabricate the most suitable and biocompatible scaffold material with osteoinductive properties for successful bone graft generation. Moreover, we discuss the application of stem cell-derived exosomes as a compelling new form of “stem-cell free” therapy.

Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a thrombophilia caused by the increased aggregability of platelets in response to the addition of low concentrations of epinephrine (EPI) and/or adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Some of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), alleles and haplotypes of platelet glycoprotein receptors were proved to have a role in the etiology of thrombotic episodes When comparing SPS and the control group, in VEGFA rs3025039, the p value for both CC vs. TT and CT vs. TT analyses was

Oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is pooled in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant glioma cells. Detecting 2HG by MR spectroscopy (MRS) has been proven viable in the last decade but has not entirely found its way into the clinical routine. This study aimed to explore the adoption of 2HG MRS while acknowledging factors that influence its performance in the clinical environment.Thirty-nine MR spectra were acquired and reported prospectively in patients with suspected glioma using a 3 T system with Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence utilizing averaged free induction decay (FID) signals. Postprocessing and evaluation of spectra were performed with jMRUI and LCModel. 2HG concentration estimates, 2HG/Cr ratio, together with quality measures, including Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs), full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) values, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were calculated using LCModel. Immunohistochemistry and genomic analysis results used as a ground truth were available for 15 patients.The threshold for test positivity was set according to the ROC curve at 1 mM. Calculated sensitivity was 57.14% (95% CI 0.20-0.88), specificity 87.5% (95% CI 0.46-0.99), positive predictive value 80%, and negative predictive value 70%. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 73.33% (95% CI 0.45-0.92). The 2HG/Cr ratio with the cutoff value 0.085 significantly improved sensitivity and overall diagnostic accuracy [85.71%, 95% CI 0.42-1.00 and 86.67%, (95% CI 0.60-0.98), respectively].Multiple factors compromising spectral quality in the clinical adoption of edited 2HG MRS resulted in diminished sensitivity but clinically acceptable specificity. Furthermore, the 2HG/Cr ratio performs better than the sole 2HG concentration estimate in the pre-operative setting.

A promising candidate for developing the universal influenza vaccine is the ectodomain of the M2 protein (M2e). We designed and prepared an experimental DNA vaccine with an improved potential to induce anti-M2e immune response. The sequence for truncated NS1 protein followed by 4xM2e was inserted into the expression vector pTriEx-4 (pEx). M2e repeats were fused to the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform A (LAMP-2a) to target the M2e to the endo-lysosome pathway, facilitating increased antigen presentation by MHC II. Using confocal microscope immunofluorescence analysis, we confirmed a strong colocalization of pEx 4M2e-LAMP-2a with early endosomes and a weaker colocalization with late endosomes. BALB/c mice immunized with three doses of pEx 4M2e-LAMP-2a DNA vaccine and challenged with 2LD50 mouse-adapted influenza virus developed significantly (up to 16 times) higher anti-M2e antibody response in comparison to mice immunized with pEx 4M2e vaccine using the same immunization protocol. This was in correlation with the increased survival rate (near to 67% vs 50%) observed in animals immunized with pEx 4M2e-LAMP-2a DNA in comparison to mice immunized with pEx 4M2e. Keywords: influenza A; matrix protein 2 ectodomain; NS1; LAMP-2a; DNA vaccine.

The remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrates the potential of tumour-specific CD8+ T cells to prevent and treat cancer. Although the number of lives saved by immunotherapy mounts, only a relatively small fraction of patients are cured. Here, we review two of the factors that limit the application of CD8+ T cell immunotherapies: difficulties in identifying tumour-specific peptides presented by MHC class I molecules and the ability of tumour cells to impair antigen presentation as they evolve under T cell selection. We describe recent advances in understanding how peptides are generated from non-canonical translation of defective ribosomal products, relate this to the dysregulated translation that is a feature of carcinogenesis and propose dysregulated translation as an important new source of tumour-specific peptides. We discuss how the synthesis and function of components of the antigen-processing and presentation pathway, including the recently described immunoribosome, are manipulated by tumours for immunoevasion and point to common druggable targets that may enhance immunotherapy. In this Review, the authors describe how dysregulated protein translation in cancer cells is an important source of tumour-specific peptides for immunosurveillance and how MHC class I antigen-processing and presentation pathways are manipulated by tumours for immunoevasion — information that will inform cancer immunotherapy approaches.

Describtion of the case of incidental occurence of high grade serous tubal adenocarcinoma.Case study.II. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty of Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava.Author observation, literature resources.Incidental occurrence of high grade serous tubal adenocarcinoma has been detected in patient after vaginal hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy and anterior colporhaphy.Case report confirms the importance of prophylactic salpingectomy in prevention of ovarian carcinoma.

More restrictive requirements of new codes, increasing of imposed loads connected with usage change of the existing structures, errors in design process or during execution can lead to necessity of the strengthening of the existing buildings. In paper, the new and modern strengthening system of flat slabs against punching shear using screw anchors is presented. Screw anchors are installed from lower face of the slab into vertically drilled boreholes. After the installation, the screw anchors operate as punching shear reinforcement. The advantages of the system are significant resistance and deformation capacity increment of the flat slab as well as easy and fast installation with no need to drill through the whole slab thickness and access the upper face of the slab. System is suitable for strengthening of office buildings, since removal of the flooring is not needed or in parking garages, where the water resistance is not disturbed by the system. Moreover, paper deals with special problems that are connected with design of the presented strengthening system e.g. considering of load (deformation) level of the slab at the moment of strengthening, performance of the screw anchors in cracked and non-cracked concrete and anchorage conditions improvement of the screw anchors by application of glue or mortar into the borehole prior the screw installation.

The reinforcing steel embedded in concrete is generally protected against corrosion by the high alkalinity (pH = 12.5 to 13.5) of the concrete pore solution. The structural degradation of concrete structures due to reinforcement’s corrosion has an impact on the safety, serviceability and durability of the structure. The corrosion of reinforcements in the construction of a transport infrastructure (especially bridges), parking areas, etc., is primarily initiated by chlorides from de-icing salts. When corrosion is initiated, active corrosion results in a volumetric expansion of the corrosion products around the reinforcing bars against the surrounding concrete. Reinforcement corrosion causes a volume increase due to the oxidation of metallic iron, which is mainly responsible for exerting the expansive radial pressure at the steel–concrete interface and development of hoop tensile stresses in the surrounding concrete. When this tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, cracks are generated. Higher corrosion rates can lead to the cracking and spalling of the concrete cover. Continued corrosion of reinforcement causes a reduction of total loss of bond between concrete and reinforcement.

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is one of the most often deterioration reasons of RC structures. At present, the corrosion of steel reinforcement can be avoided by using non-metallic reinforcement from composite materials, especially in structures that are exposed to extreme environmental environment. These materials are durable and non-conductive. They are composited from two materials: fibres and matrix. The most commonly used FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers - FRP) reinforcement are glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP). The bar surface can be e.g. sanded, wrapped, with helically wound ribs. The bond between concrete and reinforcement is one of the basic requirements for the composite action of both materials. The transfer of forces between the steel reinforcement and the concrete is provided by the following mechanisms: adhesion, friction and mechanical interlocking. The bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete is different and it is ensured by friction and mechanical interlocking of the rebar surface. The chemical bond does not originate between GFRP reinforcement and the surrounding concrete, so adhesion does not contribute to transfer of the bond forces. Some few test methods are used to determine the bond between GFRP reinforcement and concrete. The pull-out test were used to determine the bond behaviour between GFRP rebars and concrete. This paper describes the preparation, process, results and evaluation of the pull-out tests.

Avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) are able to overcome the interspecies barrier and adapt to the new non-avian host. The process of adaptation requires the adaptive changes of IAV genome resulting in amino acid substitutions. The aim of this work was the description of amino acid substitutions in avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) occurring during their adaptation to equine host. Today, viruses of the equine influenza H3N8 subtype, first isolated in 1963, represent a single genetic lineage of IAV causing a respiratory disease in horses. We compared the amino acid sequences of the conserved proteins PB2, PB1, PA, NP, M1, M2, NS1 and NEP of equine influenza H3N8 subtype IAV with sequences of avian viruses, both available in the NCBI's Influenza Virus Resource Database. The amino acid substitutions persisting in equine IAV isolates and occurring in avian IAV at f both hosts.

Dostickova hyperagregabilita, ako znama pricina trombozy, bola po prvýkrat popisana v 70. rokoch 20. storocia. Nazov SPS bol zavedený v 80. rokoch pre trombofilnu trombocytopatiu s familiarnym výskytom a autozomalnym typom dedicnosti, ktora bola charakterizovana hyperagregabilitou krvných dosticiek po nizkych koncentraciach adenozindifosfatu (ADP) a/alebo epinefrinu (EPI). V posledných 30 rokoch viaceri autori, ale najma E. F. Mammen a R. L. Bick, sa zaslužili o to, že boli vytvorene doposiaľ platne diagnosticke kriteria. Na zaklade výsledku agregometrie dosticiek po ADP a EPI existuju 3 podtypy SPS, ktore sa možu klinicky manifestovať viacerými typmi trombozy – a) arteriovou trombozou, vratane infarktu myokardu a ischemickej mozgovej prihody, b) venoznym tromboembolizmom a c) tehotenskými komplikaciami (strata plodu, intrauterinna rastova retardacia). O SPS sa spociatku predpokladalo, že ide o zriedkavu poruchu, ale neskor bol popisaný ako prekvapujuco casta pricina inak nevysvetliteľnej trombozy a tehotenských komplikacii. Napriek tomu, niektore kľucove problemy, ako je etiologia, genetika a epidemiologia SPS, zostali stale nejasne. Prva casť clanku podava prehľad o publikovaných výsledkoch výskumu SPS. Okrem zahranicných prac v nej uvadzame aj výsledky retrospektivnej studie nasho suboru pacientov s SPS (>450 symptomatických osob s SPS). V druhej casti sa venujeme sucasným problemom a výzvam pri SPS.

Head tremor is a common clinical manifestation in essential tremor (ET) and can also occur as dystonic tremor (DT) in cervical dystonia. The clinical differentiation of head tremor due to ET and DT is not easy. Therefore, we developed instrumental methods using an accelerometer and an optical motion capture system to precisely measure and analyze head and hand tremor, and for distinguishing between ET and DT. Head tremor was measured with a Wireless XSens accelerometer and hand tremor by the Optitrack V120 Trio (MOCAP) and the tremor amplitude was computed. We included 24 patients fulfilling the criteria for ET (12 M, 12 F, mean age 58, SD 10) and 26 patients with cervical dystonia (5 M, 21 F mean age 64, SD 10). In supine position, visible head tremor disappeared in 5 out of 13 ET (38%) and in 8 out of 20 DT patients (40%). In ET patients, we found a strong correlation between the amplitudes of head tremor in sitting and supine position (rho=0.91, p Measurement of hand tremor with MOCAP confirmed the predicted difference in tremor of the upper limbs in patients with ET and DT. In the contrary, the analysis of head tremor amplitude did not confirm the hypothesis that head tremor disappears in supine position in patients with ET. The correlations show that the ET is just suppressed and depends on its amplitude. DT suppression is unpredictable.

The defective ribosomal product (DRiP) hypothesis was proposed nearly 25 years ago to account for the rapid generation of peptides from otherwise metabolically stable viral proteins. It posits that errors in converting genetic information into stable proteins accounts for a sizeable fraction of the immunopeptidome. Here, we review recent studies that provide insight into the importance of DRiPs for immunosurveillance and the myriad mechanisms that give rise to DRiPs.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) enter into cells by receptor-dependent endocytosis. Subsequently, conformational changes of haemagglutinin are triggered by low environmental pH and the N terminus of HA2 glycoprotein (gp) is inserted into the endosomal membrane, resulting in fusion pore formation and genomic vRNA release into the cytoplasm. However, the pH optimum of membrane fusion is host- and virus-specific and can have an impact on virus pathogenicity. We prepared mutants of neurotropic IAV A/WSN/33 (H1N1) with aa substitutions in HA2 gp at the site of HA1/HA2 interaction, namely T642H (HA2 numbering position 64, H1 numbering position HA407; referred to as mutant '64'), V662H ('66') (HA409); and a double mutant ('D') with two aa substitutions (T642H, V662H). These substitutions were hypothesized to influence the pH optimum of fusion. The pH optimum of fusion activity was measured by a luciferase assay and biological properties of viruses were monitored. The in vitro and in vivo replication ability and pathogenicity of mutants were comparable (64) or lower (66, D) than those of the wild-type virus. However, the HA2 mutation V662H and double mutation T642H, V662H shifted the fusion pH maximum to lower values (ranging from 5.1 to 5.3) compared to pH from 5.4 to 5.6 for the wild-type and 64 mutant. The decreased replication ability and pathogenicity of 66 and D mutants was accompanied by higher titres in late intervals post-infection in lungs, and viral RNA in brains compared to wild-type virus-infected mice. These results have implications for understanding the pathogenicity of influenza viruses.

The structural integrity of precast concrete structures depends mainly on the connections between the precast structural elements. The purpose of a connection is to transfer loads, restrain movement, and/or to provide stability to a component or an entire structure. Therefore, the design of connections is one of the most important aspects in the design of precast concrete structures. All connections should design with valid codes. Every precasters have developed connection details over the years that suit their particular production and erection preferences. It is common, that the structural engineer to show loads and connection locations and allow the successful manufacturer’s engineering department to provide the final design and details of the connections.

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is the major cause of deterioration of existing RC structures. Combined effects of moisture, temperature, and chlorides reduce the alkalinity of concrete and exacerbate the corrosion of steel reinforcement, especially for concrete structures subjected to aggressive environments, such as marine structures and bridges and parking garages exposed to de-icing salts. Glass fiber reinforcement polymer (GFRP) bars are suitable alternatives to steel bars in reinforced concrete applications if durability, electromagnetic transparency, or ease of demolition in temporary constructions is sought, that have to be demolished partially by tunnel boring machines (TBMs). The bond of GFRP reinforcement is different from steel reinforcing bars. This paper presents factors affecting the bond strength between GFRP reinforcement and concrete.

Chloride-induced steel corrosion is one of the major deterioration problems for steel reinforced concrete structures. Its effects on RC structures include cracking of the concrete cover, reduction and eventually loss of bond between concrete and corroding reinforcement, and reduction of cross-sectional area of reinforcing steel. The accumulated corrosion products on the bar surface cause longitudinal cracking of the concrete cover. Loss of concrete cover leads to reduction in bond strength at the interfacial zone between the two materials. In addition, the deterioration of the ribs of the deformed bars causes a significant reduction of the interlocking forces between the ribs of the bars and the surrounding concrete keys. This deteriorates the primary mechanism of the bond strength between deformed bars and concrete, and hence, the bond strength decreases significantly. In this paper the effect of reinforcement corrosion on the bond strength between reinforcement and concrete was investigated for different corrosion levels. The effect of corrosion was simulated by the nonlinear numerical analysis with the FEM program using the 3D models.

In the last decades, precast prestressed hollow core slabs have gradually increased their market presence in many countries due to their excellent structural performance at room temperature. Longitudinal voids through the one way prestressed (or reinforced) concrete slabs are very important for reducing the self-weight of the structure. Although the hollow core precast concrete is larger than on-site placement concrete, when viewing the entire construction of the building as a whole, the use of hollow core precast concrete contributes more to the reduction of energy consumption than half-precast concrete or on-site placement concrete. Precast prestressed hollow core slabs are among to the more advanced structural floor systems for all kinds of buildings. This paper presents results from nonlinear numerical analysis of precast prestressed concrete hollow core slabs with dimensions 13,9m length, 1,19m width and 300mm thickness. Material properties obtained from testing of concrete (concrete cube strength) and 7 wire pre-stressing strands (yield strength) were used as input data for nonlinear simulation. The ATENA 3D FEM software was used for nonlinear numerical modelling. The results from numerical are compared with data from experimental investigation of a total 7 hollow core slabs.

The corrosion of reinforcement is the major cause of damage of reinforced concrete structures. This has an impact on safety, serviceability and durability of the structure. The corrosion of steel in concrete reduces the cross sectional area of the reinforcement and decreases the bond between reinforcement and concrete. Corrosion products have a higher volume than steel, which produces internal stresses that lead to the cracking and spalling of the concrete cover. The paper analyses the effect of the chloride-initiated corrosion of reinforcements on bond behaviour.

Strucna informace o výsledcich terapeuticke kastrace u 50 parafilnich sexualnich delikventů. Tento výkon výrazně snižuje specifickou recidivitu. Jen 2 (4 %) respondenti spachali po operaci dalsi sexualni delikt. Nesexualni delikvence nebyla významně ovlivněna. Somaticke a psychicke negativni důsledky kastrace nebyly caste. Výkon významně snižil sexualni aktivitu respondentů. Naprosta větsina vysetřených považuje výkon za pozitivni. Jen mala cast, asi desetina souboru, pochybuje o dobrovolnosti sveho souhlasu s operaci.

Infections caused by highly variable influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose perpetual threat to humans as well as to animals. Their surveillance requires reliable methods for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The most frequently utilized quantification method is the titration by plaque assay or 50% tissue culture infectious dose estimation by TCID50. However, both methods are time-consuming. Moreover, some IAV strains form hardly visible plaques, and the evaluation of TCID50 is subjective. Employment of immuno-staining into the classic protocols for plaque assay or TCID50 assay enables to avoid these problems and moreover, shorten the time needed for reliable infectious virus quantification. Results obtained by these two alternatives of classic virus titration methods were compared to the newer rapid culture assay (RCA), where titration endpoint of infectious virus was estimated microscopically based on the immuno-staining of infected cells. In our analysis of compared methods, five different IAV strains of H1, H3 and H5 subtypes were used and results were statistically evaluated. We conclude that the RCA proved to be at least as reliable in assessment of infectious viral titer as plaque assay and TCID50, considering the employed immuno-staining.

The data showing usefulness of navigated 3D–ultrasound (3DUS) during awake resections of eloquent gliomas are sparse. Results of surgeries performed using 3DUS were never compared to procedures guided by standard neuronavigation. The aim of this work is to assess the effectiveness of 3DUS during awake resections of eloquent low-grade gliomas (LGGs) by comparing surgical results of two series of patients operated on using conventional neuronavigation and using 3DUS. To our knowledge, a similar study is lacking in the literature. During a 4-year period (September 2006 to August 2010) 21 awake resections of LGGs guided by neuronavigation (series 1, S1) were consecutively performed in Department of Neurosurgery in Bratislava. During another 4-year period (August 2010 to July 2014) 28 awake resections of LGGs guided by 3DUS (series 2, S2) were consecutively conducted. In both patients series, the eloquent cortical and subcortical structures were intraoperatively detected by direct electrical stimulation. Extent of tumor resection (EOR) and functional outcome in both series were compared. EOR was significantly greater (p = 0.022) in S2 (median = 93.25%; mean = 86.79%), as compared to S1 (median 87.1%; mean = 75.85%). One permanent minor deficit in S1 and 2 minor deficits in S2 occurred, the difference was not significant (p = 0.999). Our work represents the first study comparing results of surgeries guided by 3DUS versus conventional navigation. The extent of awake resections of eloquent LGG guided by 3DUS was greater comparing to awake resections guided by standard neuronavigation; use of 3DUS had no impact on the number of new permanent deficits.