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Research on the methods of increasing the productivity of a new variety of the white sweet clover, called Almaz, was carried out in 2017-2020 at the experimental field of a separate subdivision of the Federal Center for Bast Fiber Crops in Penza. The application of micro- and biofertilizers (Megamix Profi, GUMI 20, AgroVerm) in pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar fertilizing was studied. The application of mineral fertilizers ��60��60 on formation of the white sweet clover agrocenosis in the year of sowing, nutritive value and productivity in the year of use were also studied. As a result of studies it was found that under the conditions of arid and hyperarid periods of the melilot vegetation in 2017-2020 the studied preparations had a positive effect on the formation of agrocenosis and indicators of plant development by the end of the growing season of the first year of plant life. Thus, the germination and safety of plants, as well as increased values of plant height, number of wintering buds, weight and root volume, respectively. The effect of seed treatment and foliar fertilizing with bio- and microfertilizers was evident in the year of use by an increase in dry matter yield by 4.7-11.1%; the use of mineral fertilizers provided an additional 10.5 % of dry matter yield. The seed treatment was more effective than foliar fertilization, with a 3.8 % higher dry matter yield. An improvement in the nutritive value of the green mass of the sweet clover was noted ��� the crude protein content increased by 0.3-0.8 %, the crude fiber content decreased by 0.3-0.7 %. The content of exchange energy, feed units in one kg of dry matter and digestible protein in one feed unit varied slightly in the options., Volga Region Farmland, ������������ 2 (10) 2021, Pages 70-76

White sweet clover (Melilotus albus) cultivation, despite its many positive features such as the high yield of green mass, as well as protein content, is currently not widespread. This study aimed to determine the effect of the different sowing densities (500, 1000, and 1500 seeds per m2) and harvesting at different growth stages (before budding, budding, and full flowering) on the quality of fodder from the white sweet clover (Adela variety). The field experiment was carried out in the years 2018–2020 in a split-plot design. Plant biometric measurements, green and dry yield, the content of total protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, macro and microelements, and coumarin content were determined. The results show that an increase in the sowing density significantly increased the plant population after emergence and green and dry matter. However, it does not affect the total protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, macro and microelements, and coumarin content. Harvesting plants at the flowering stage increased plant height and green fodder yield. Plants harvested at the prebudding phase were characterized by the highest share of leaves (40.3%) and were the most abundant in protein (21.7%) and minerals (ash content 12.71%). Unfortunately, sweet clover at this growth stage contained the highest level of coumarin, which limits its use in animal feed.

Исследования по изучению влияния сроков посева новой интродуцируемой культуры - донника волосистого (Melilotus hirsutus Lipsky.) на урожайность семян и элементы её структуры проводили на опытном поле Пензенского НИИСХ в 2009-2013 гг. Изучали 7 сроков посева: первый срок посева проводили при достижении физической спелости почвы (25 апреля-1 мая), второй срок - при наступлении биологической спелости почвы (5-10 мая). Остальные сроки сева проводили с интервалом 10-11 дней. Подзимний посев проводили в ноябре, при наступлении устойчивых отрицательных температур. Норма высева - 3,5 млн. всхожих семян на 1 га, способ посева - рядовой (междурядье 0,3 м). Почва опытного участка - чернозём выщелоченный среднемощный, среднесуглинистый. Гидротермический коэффициент (ГТК) варьировал за период вегетации май-сентябрь от 0,22 до 1,50. В среднем за три года наиболее благоприятные условия для формирования семенной продуктивности и урожайности донника складывались при посеве в ранневесенние сроки и подзимнем сроке. При этих сроках посева урожайность семян составила по годам от 860-1130 кг/га (в 2011 г.) до 1420-1550 кг/га (в 2010 г.), в среднем за три года - 1160-1240 кг/га и 1367 кг/га. Высокая урожайность при этих сроках посева получена благодаря элементам структуры - густоте стояния растений - 106-120 шт./м2,высоте растений - 164-167 см, количеству продуктивных стеблей - 3,17 и 3,06 шт., количеству семян с растения - 606-638 шт., массе семян с растения - 1,23-1,30 г. Выявлены тесные корреляционные зависимости между элементами структуры урожая и урожайностью семян.